emy at West Point, Charles A. Lindbergh. J.. bought by Col. NEWS REVIEW OF CURRENT EVENTS Farm Board’s Enperiment in Stabilizing the Price of Wheat May Succeed. By EDWARD W. PICKARD NCLE SAM, through the medium of the farm board's stabilization corporation, Is engaged in another noble experiment, namely, the support of the domesti¢ wheat market to keep prices from experiencing unwarranted declines. Thus far the experiment seems to be successful, for purchases by the corporation maintained the price on the Chicago Board of Trade around the 73-cent level, while wheat in foreign markets was slumping far below that point, Before the week closed, it was esti- mated, the stabilization corporation was holding about 100,000,000 bushels, and it was sald in Washington that the federal farm board would ask congress in the next session for an- other appropriation of $100,000,000 to continue the purchasing policy. ‘The coarse grains committee of the board at a session In the Capital strongly endorsed the policy adopted by the corporation. It pointed out that prices of coarse grains had failed to reflect the shortage caused by last summer's drought, owing to the weakness in the wheat market. A check to this decline bas been essential if coarse grain prices are to show the strength war ranted by the feed shortage this year, the committee declared. It recommended that the Treasury safeguard the interests of domestic producers of coarse grain "by levying the maximum duty on all mixtures of feedstuffs.” The government's stabilization ef- forts were at first severely condemned by many grain men, but their success in the admitted crisis brought about a decided change in opinion and won general support for the plan. How- ever, there remains the question of the disposal of the great surplus aec- cumulated by the corporation. Wheth.- er any considerable part of it can be sold abroad is problematical, for other countries are getting ready to prevent this by anti-dumping legislation and decrees, REMIERS and bankers of the western provinces of Canada are doing what they can to restore wheat prices and prevent a recurrence of the slump, and with a measure of success. On the Winnipeg grain exchange prices were rising and greater confi dence was manifest. The leaders up there declared the Canadian wheat pool would not be broken by the crisis. The premiers of Manitoba, Alberta and Saskatchewan were in conference In Montreal and suggested that the government set a temporary mimimum of about 70 cents a bushel. A dollar mimimum, however, is the goal of Baskatchewan farmers, and wheat growers of Alberta urged a mimimum of $1.15. Any plan for stabilization by the Dominion government must await the return of Premier Bennett from London, HE Immediate reason for the farm board's action is thus set forth by an expert: The western wheat co-operatives, both in the United States and Canada, have borrowed heavily from banks. As wheat prices declined, and the margin of collateral got thinner and thinner, the co-operatives were faced with just one thing—the forced selling of millions of bushels of wheat. A drop of a few cents more a bushel might bring on a crisis of major pro- pertions, American millers have been con. tending with plenty of cancelled or. ders upon the theory that wheat can be bought much cheaper at a later date. Possibly 100,000,000 bushels of wheat were affected in these two sit. uations. So, Mr. Legge and his asso clates of the farm board again entered the market to stabilize prices, yim a stirring and optimistie speech President Hoover opened Wednesday night the White House conference on child health and protec tion which undertakes to develop Into a national welfare program the sug- gestions he made a year ago. Twelve hundred experts have been working on the problems he set forth at that time and it was for this conference to co-ordinate thelr solutions. When the big gathering had been called to order by Secretary Wilbur, its chairmai., Mr. Hoover delivered his address in which he asked for safe guards and services to childhood be yond the reach of the Individual parent and which can be provided only by the community, the state or the nation. “If we could have but one generation of properly born, trained, educated and healthy children” he sald, “a thou- sand other problems of government would vanish.” His solution for the questions concerning childhood which he said should stir a nation was “much learning and much action.” J oLLOWING the collapse of the In. vestment banking house of Caldwell & Co. of Nashville, Tenn.. more than fifty banks have closed or suspended payment. Most of them are I Tennes- see, but some are In Arkansas. Ken- tucky and Missourl. The affairs of Rogers Caldwell, head of the Invest. ment concern and formerly regarded ns a financial wizard, had been In parlous state since September, when n state bank examination of a subsidiary of his company, the Bank of Tennessee, caused the authorities to require a deposit of $3.840,000 In securities to cover labilities. Incidentally, the at- torney general of Tennessee now an- nounces these securities are missing. Thursday morning the Central Bank and Trust company, largest financial institution In Asheville, N. C.. falled to open for business. A notice was posted stating the bank was closed by order of the board of directors “for the conservation of its assets.” The bank's latest statement of condition showed deposits of more than $18. 000,000, William Virgil Bell, president of the First National bank of Horse Cave, Ky.. which closed early in the week, committed suicide by hanging. RUSTEES and faculty of the Unl- versity of Chicago have sanctioned a radical experiment in education. The traditionally required four-year course will be abandoned ard a sys tem substituted whereby a student may be graduated whenever able to pass examination requirements, The undergraduate school and the graduate college, as such, will be abolished. The Institution hereafter will consist of the professional schools and five divisions in arts—the humanities. the biological sciences, the social sciences, the physical sciences and the college, President Robert ‘“faynard Hutchins says of the reorganization: “It means that we shall be able to co-ordinate our teaching and to co- ordinate our scholarship. The stu. dent who hitherto has been prevented by departmental limitations from work- Ing in flelds related to his special In. terest will get such an opportunity from the divisional program. Co-or- dination aéhleved by divisional pro- gram means a saving to the univer. sity in that duplication of courses will be eliminated. “Our research program will be aided because the divisional organization puts In one group all the faculty mem. bers who have a common Interest and relation In thelr work, “Those students who wish to obtain only a general education may get it as fast as they are able, and If that is all they want, they may depart from the university with honor. By en- abling a student to acquire a general education as quickly as his ability per. mits, a considerable saving In time should result for those who wish to go Into professions such as law or medicine.” NGLAND is hearing some unpleas- ant statements concerning her rule of India from the native delegates to the roundtable conference in London. And those delegates, representing the princes, the Hindus, the Moslems, the Brahmins nnd the untouchables, are united In the demand that India be granted at least dominion status with federal rule. Among the distinguished Indians who voiced thelr country’s wishes last week were the maharajah of Bikaner, noted fighting prince; Sir Tej Bahan- dur Sapru, leader of the Nationalists; Mr. Jayakar, a brilliant young lawyer; Dr. B. 8. Moonje, a Hindu leader: Muhammed All, prominent Moslem, and the beautiful Begum Shah Nawaz. The attitude of the Tories of Eng- land was set forth by Lord Peel, for mer secretary of state for India, who surprisingly asserted that no promise of dominion status, now or in the near future, had been given by Great Brit. ain. After defending the British rule in India he suggested that a beginning be made by giving the provinces a cer- tain amount of autonomy, while maln- taining a strong central governmen: unchanged from the present There would be time enough to change the central government after the prov. inces had proved thelr rule, he sald. one, capacity to § TRIKES and riots prevalied In “Y many cities of Spain for a week and strenuous efforts were the Republicans and convert them into ¢ political demon- stration that would overthrow the monarchy. But the government adopt. ed stern mensures and succeeded In quelling the disorders. The biggest of the strikes was In Barcelona, always & center of disturbance, but nfter several days its abandonment was ordered by the labor federation that started it. In Madrid and Salamanca made by Communists to demanded a republic. The wiser antl- monarchists in Spain believe they wil] succeed before very long In thelr alms but that the time is not yet ripe. TENTO VINCENT. editor 7 Hait! Journal, a lawyer and for- mer diplomat, was elected President of Haitl by the national assembly to succeed Eugene Roy. of the most strenuous American occupation and his victory was rather a surprise. He is the first regularly elected President of the re. public since American Intervention in 1816. Following the recommendation of the Hoover commission that went to Haiti In February, that the office of American commissioner general be terminated, Brig. Gen, John IH. Russell has left the Island. and the new Amer ican minister, Dana G. Munro, has ar rived in Port Au Prince, the capital. of the Vincent iz one on Thursday concluded his four. Year term as chief of staff of army. and was succeeded by Mal Gen. Douglas MacArthur. In his farewell statement General Summeral! spoke enthusiastically of the reorganizations that have given the country its hest organized army since the armistice. and gave high praise for the officers’ and enlisted men's Intelligence, loyalty and devotion to duty. R ESULTS of the prohibition refer. endum held by the America Bar association show that 13.779 of the members voting are in favor of repenl of the Eighteenth amendment. while 6.340 are against repeal. Judge Orrie L. Phillips, chairman of a subcom- mittee that handled the matter. says that whether the association, In view of the referendum result, will take steps toward repeal of the Eighteenth amendment probably will not be known until the next annual meeting In Af. lantic City next September. He also said It was possible that no definite action would be taken then. MUGGLING of liquor and allens by airplanes from Canada by two powerful combines has been exposed with the Indictment of fourteen men by a federal grand jury at Detrofr. Although the operations of the flying rom runners were confined for the most part to the Detroit ares, plane loads of whisky and fancy liquors oc- casionally were flown across the bor. der direct to flelds In the vicinity of the larger cities in Ohlo, Indiana, and lilinois, It is charged that aliens sometimes were carried as extra ear go on the liquor trips, and that special trips were occasionally made for aliens. A rove a score of men, women and children were killed and a hun dred others injured by a tornado that struck the little church colony of Bethany, a few miles from Oklahoma City, Okla. More than two hundred buildings were destroyed by the twist er. The storm first struck a country school house, where four puplis died (@. 1930, Western Newspaper Union) * Protection for Bees Necessary Exercising to Generate Heat Does Not Improve Wings of Workers. Every time a bee flaps Its wings It is just one more flap nearer bee heav- en, for bees cannot replace or repair wornout tissues like other animals, B. A, Slocum of the New York State Col- lege of Agriculture explained recently, Winter protection Is necessary for bees because the only way they can Keep warm Is to form a cluster in the hive, and the bees on the inside of the cluster flap thelr wings, Just as peo ple would wave their arms to gener- ate heat. When the temperature falls below 57 degrees heat must be gen- erated, he says. Heat Wears Out Bees. The bees in the cluster fit so tightly that those on the outside act as an insulator, the hairs on their bodies in- tertwine and Incorporate tiny air par- ticles which Increase their Insulating value, The generaton of heat wears out the bees so that they soon become old, and If an excessive amount of heat is needed the colony may die be- fore spring. At least the bees will be old and die more rapidly than they are replaced with young bees, making & condition which beekeepers have called “spring dwindling.” It is dim. cult to get such colonies In shape strong enough for the honey flow, Packing Boxes Useful. The remedy, Mr. Slocum suggests, is to protect the hives with packing cases and to provide windbreaks. Many types of packing cases and va- rious Insulating materinis are satis. factory. Detailed instructions how to pack bees Is given In the free Farm ers’ Bulletin 1012, available at the office of publications at the New York State College of Agriculture. Properly Housed Fowls Will Prove Profitable (By M. A. SEATON, Extension Poultry. man, Kansas Siate Agri cultural College.) Poultry profits for the coming year depend mainly on the puliets, In managing most poultry flocks It is considered advisable to cull the hens to a polnt where they will com- prise about one-fourth to one-third of the flock, and have sufficient pullets to make up the remainder. If a suf- ficlent number of good pulleis are avaliable to carry out this plan a suc cessful poultry year should be in sight if good management is practiced. If the pullets have been poorly devel oped and are small and unthrifty, win. ter egg production will be low, Hens will need a well-constructed and properly ventilated house to lay a large number of eggs this winter. MM a satisfactory house is not avall- able plans should be under way to re model or build a new It Is ad. visable not to crowd the pullets. Cull and sell part of them. At least three square feet of floor space should be allowed each pullet. one, Soy Bean Hay Compared With Alfalfa for Cows Reveral years ago the Pennsylvania experiment station concluded a three year feeding test In which different of soy bean hay were com- pared with alfalfa hay as a roughage for dalry cattle and the results are well worthy a eareful study. Soy bean hay Is not as easily cured as alfalfa or clover, partly because It Is ready for harvesting till late In the season and partly because It is somewhat coarse and does not dry out as readily as the other legumes men- tioned. The result is that the quality of the average soy bean hay crop ia usually somewhat below that of the common legumes. It usually produces a smaller tonnage per acre than nifalfa, but yields about as well as clover, grades not Have Spray Equipment in Order Quite Early The fruit grower who runs out his spraying equipment from winter quar ters In February or early March, in- gpects It carefully and secures all needed parts and accessories, is plan ning ahead profitably and doing much to prevent costly delays and failure during the busy spraying season. Much more time may be had for a careful study and consideration of the spraying equipment and its needs for effective spraying work if such mat. ters are given attention during the winter before spring spraying work beging, Great emphasis should be laid upon seeing whether the spray pump, valves, nozzles, hose and other parts and accessories work properly. Black Knot Treatment in Plums and Cherries The only effective treatment for black knot in plum and cherry trees is to cut out and carefully burn all the knots. Destroy entirely any trees that are badly Infested. This disease spreads so rapidly that quick work is needed to save clenn trees, It is be lHeved that a fungicidal spray, lke lime sulphur or bordeaux, at dormant strength before growth starts is a safeguard for the clean trees, but the knots themselves must be burned and careful watch kept during the season to catch any Just starting. When handling these knots use canvas gloves, and do not touch the knots or gloves on clean parts of the tree. Pithy Directions as to How to Buy Seed From the New York State College of Agriculture at Ithaca come pithy directions as to how to buy seed, writ ten by Paul Work of the station staff, Here 18 the how of good seed buying: “Seed, to be good, must be clean, viable, free from disease, and true to a good name, “There are two good seed: first, ondly, to purchase it, “Growers should learn, In a gen- ernl way, how the business is handled, and should char- acter, the of obtaining BOC. ways to produce it; ‘ Beod study the the Integrity, the reputation of the various houses, for firms differ as widely as do Individuals in these respects, “Make Inquiries as to the origin of the seed and whether or not the houses maintain trial grounds. Learn to judge whether the statements made in the catalogues or by the salesman are based on facts or on mere ideas. “When you locate good sources, en- deavor to get seed of the identical percentage another year. The use of the seedsman's stock numbers will belp both you and the seedsman in this. Don't shop around too much if you locate a good seedsmun. He soon learns your needs and will endeavor to meet them, and seed ideals, Carbohydrate Supply The need for the sllo Is not meas- ured geographically, Silos are being successfully used in every state and nearly every county In the Union, Many of the countries of the world are using sllos with success. Too many farmers have figured that they were oul of the silo belt, and let It go at that. They should use the silo formulas to the economy of such structures rather than count themselves outside the trict. The losses In field-cured forage are seldom spoken of Weathering by sun, wind, rain and frost are great. When shocks and stacks are covered with snow and then the silo Is appreciated. But even if we did not have this weather damage, slinge Is our cheapest supply of digestible car- bohydrates, determine silo dis ice, Most Convenient Form of Farm Repair Shop Probably the most convenient form of repair shop for the farm is a bulld- ing that combines the workshop with the garage. The car can be taken out and the machine run in while repairs are being made. The essentials of such a building are heat, reasonable light, and tools. The tools that come with machines may be sufficient for most work, although good tools save time. Heat may be secured from an old stove which may not meet all the requirements of the living room but which will heat the shop. The 14 by 20 building offers a well arranged combination shop and ga- rage. Plans for it may be secured at cost from county extension agents or from the college of agriculture at Co- lumbia, Mo. CPP tErr EPP ETEEPRELELHE Agricultural Squibs 43400 P 24 LP FFE EEE LL EIPGPE Peat may be added to clay or sandy garden solls to Improve their water holding eapacity. * * » Brooder stoves are an excellent means of warming the laying house during cold snaps this winter. » » - It has been costing the federal gov. ernment more than $10,000 5 day to keep down forest fires in forests, * * » have beeen harvested, cut burn the old fruiting canes. This will SPARES h trousers and natures mesnbers this when (ne i Wis day while out tie] whe buying cloth for for nore jriir of trou | Bers the hoy than “Why do you buy so much? asked { the friend “3h.” and ordered a good { deni Seemed necessary responded the mn i Is for the reserved sents NEVER BUY 'EM other, “this Mrs. Kolture— Have you bought i any of the paintings a1 the exhibit? Mrs. Newrlche- never buy We emminness no ready made pictures! Easier, Too when | was small, 100 dry for me my mind since Arithmetic Was much I"ve char tail, {| For figures Ked now, | like to see Good Cause for “right had nmrried 8 and he hand for » few They Neen month niinsies while she in the Kijchen Nudddeniv a only eft her prepared 8 salad sOrEam the om darling? rang Kitehen, what flerving out, atl he rushed to prepared to fuce he knew “Whatever Is the he panted “It's a—a she =uid with an effort Herbert, what if I had been in the house alone?” matter, caterpilier I™ “bly Why the Worm Turned Ted was told to bird insect to the nature study classe for oliservation, and asked his father to take him to the country eurly the next morning to Later, at school, he gravely ng an find one reporied ; “Miss ank, dade had to go to work, so ouldn® ing the + insect | today." Aw, Quit} 3 penny lurly Bill—Got =» { guv-nor? Litile Smiffey—Certainly, but what do you two men want with one penn? Beefy Bert—We wants te ap. guv-nor, to decide which of us is te have yer walch and which yer money News, on yer, toss -— Manchester Evening JUST A CRAB check. * * ® Sunlight or ultra-violet ray Is neces- sary for the prevention of rickets in dairy calves unless the ration fed the animals contains ample quantities of vitamin D. * . . Winter rye sown In the spring will not make a grain crop the first sea- son, if at all. It will make an excel lent pasture for a short time but beads would not shoot up. . * % Grapes do well on a wide range of solls, but they prefer a well-drained gravelly loam. They require good drainage and will suffer far more from wet feet than from lack of fertile soil. *. * Asparagus should be planted as early as possible In spring. A rich soll is required. Prepare the plece of ground this fall by digging it deeply and In the process work in plenty of barnyard manure, . » » Ordinarily, a wooden bullding needs repainting about once every three or four years. An extra good job of painting may last six years, but it's poor business to put off painting until it is absolutely needed. CI Human beings are about the only animals with a taste for lice water, Poultry and live stock on the farm don't care for It. They do appreciate warm drinking water and show their appreciation in Increased profits, “Do you know what an Autcerad is? “Sure-—it's a crab who thinks ew | erybody ought to get out of the way of his auto” Speaking of Dictators A dictator's smile is a curious thing He can put on more style Than a regular king Life on Juan Fernandes Robinson Crusve—~Friday, 1 am shocked. Even though yon did foozle that shot you shouldnt use such aw. ful language. Where did you iearn it? The Man Friday-1 learned it from the parrot. master. Why, the Idea! He—Seenms to me sou told me re cently that you didn’t need any new clothes—and pow She But, John, dear, that was last week. A Goal Attained Null—1 started out on the theory that the world has an opening for me. Vold—And you found it? Null Well, ther. I'm in the hole now. ~Churchman, Social Pig “Why Is young aly Skigge such a great soclal favorite?” “He can eat anything that ever came out of a chafing dish and act as if be enjoyed iL"—Washington Star.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers