Ae By ELMO SCOTT WATSON HE Jay is Marea 16, 1854; Sq the scene is Washicgton, D. C. A little group of Indian chiefs, arrayed In q all their tribal finery, is holding a council with the frock-coated repre- sentatives of the “Great White Father." The business at hand is a treaty and a cession of lands owned by the people whom these chiefs rep- resent—the Omaha Indians who live beyond the Missouri river in that vast empire known vaguely as the “Great West.” And when the last formalities have been completed and the chiefs have made their marks under the signatures on the parch- ment, the Omahas have ceded their lands west of the Missouri and south of a line running due west from the point where the the bluffs, retaining flelr lands north of this line for a reservation.” And that marked one of the steps wherehy the great state of Nabraska came Into being. Now, 70 years later, the Nebraska preparing to with parade and pageant, with air cir cus and military maneuvers and with many another contrast the old and the new, the “diamond jubilee” of the Cornkusker stite, On Novem. ber 5,6 and 7 Nebraskans, as well as residents of every state in the Union, will gather in Omaha for the bration, which Is being held there, be. pte ain citizens of are celebrate between cele. capital, and which is sponsored by Omaha civic interests, who have con- tributed more than £100,000 for Ne braska’s “seventy-fifth birthday” party. it will be held in conjunction with the Ak-Sar-Ben Live Stock and Horse show, November 1 to 8, which Is con- sidered one of the finest of its kind in the Mid-West and which is attended by stockmen from all parts of the United States. But the treaty with the Omaha In- dians, that handed over to the white men the land which was to become this fértile commonwealth, Is not the only event that makes this seventy fifth anniversary celebration a par- ticularly fitting one. Acquired by the United States as a part of the Louisiana Purchase from France In 1803, what is now Nebraska for half a century was a part of the great “Unorganized Territory” which lay between the Missour! river on the east, the Red river on the south, the Rocky mountains on the west and the Canadian boundary on the north, and over which had roamed for centuries the Indian and the buffalo. Then on January 4, 1854 Senator Stephen A. Douglas Introduced a bill for the organization of Nebraska ter ritory. This bill aroused the bitterest opposition and resulted in the Kan- sas-Nebraska bill which divided the new territory into two territories, Kansas and Nebraska. Franklin Pierce, who was then President, chose Francis Burt of South Carolina for the first territorial governor of Ne. braska. But on October 18, 1854, two days after the new governor reached Bellevue he died and Thomas B. Cum- mings of Michigan hecame governor. Cummings faced the task of bring Ing political order out of chaos and one of the first problems to be set- tled was that of selecting a territorial capital. Bellevue, [attsmouth, Ne. braska City and Brownsville were all candidates for that honor but Cum. mings, who was a man of decisive character, took the Initiative and selected Omaha, Then he set about to have a bitter in many charges and counter-charges of bribery and cor made the « choice ratified and after wiuich there were rupticn, Omaha was apital and a capitol ing was erected on the hill the Central h school now It remained the capital until Nebraska became a state on March 4, 1807, when it lost out to Lincoln, then a " spot an flat,” as it bare was described by an opponent, hig on alkali It is not only these stirring and vital political events but many another thrilling incident of Ler history that will be commemorated at the diamond jubilee celebration in Omaha In No vember. Included In that history are stories of the Pony express, the Over- land stage, the battles between the Sioux and Pawnees, the fights be. tween the Indians and settlers and between the savages and government troops, stories of massacres, of burn- ing emigrant trains, of turbulent life on a frontier, and of almost unbe- ljevable hardships and dangers over- come by the brave men and women who built the state. Like all states of the Western trontler, Nebraska has had her quota of picturesque figures and some of them are still living and have been asked to take part In the jubilee. Outstanding among them nll, perhaps, is Capt. Luther H. North of Columbus. Captain North and his brother, Mal. Frank North, were the organizers of the famous Pawnee Scouts, a group of Indian auxiliaries who performed such valorous service for government troops in the wars on the plains while the railroad was belng built west. Captain North has been characterized by au- thoritative historians as “the greatest of the old-time scouts of America.” Then there's “Diamond Dick,” famous as an unequalled rifle shot, who set. tied down to a quiet life of retirement at Norfolk, where he has been living for a number of years, Several years ugo he told the surprised home folks that the quiet, welllmannered man they had known for many years as Dr. Richard Tanner was the cele. brated “Diamond Dick.” And he had the records of his prowess to back up his claims, “Diamond Dick™ Is a personal friend “of Jim Dahiman, Omaha's cowboy mayor, who holds the record for successive terms of office. And when “Diamond Dick” Tanner heard \ ar , F DR. RICHARD TANNER “DIAMOND DICK" that Omaha was to bration in hold a big cele. of Nebraska's seventy-fifth birthday, he immediately sent a check to Mayor Dahiman to d to the jubilee fund. Another frontiersman who will come to Omaha for the celebration is “Parson Bob” or Phillip R. Landon He was sta. Old Fort Kearney In west. ern Nebraska, near the present city of Kearney, during several Indian wup- risings. Old Chief Yellowsmoke, the oldest chief of Indian tribe, will come to Omaha for the celebration, ns fa representative of the original in. habitants of Nebraska. Yellowsmoke's father, then chief of the Omahas, wns of the signers of the treaty, whereby the Indians in 1854 relin- quished title to the lands now within the borders of Nebraska, White observance be adde tioned] at he Omaha scendant of one of the signers of the government treaty. will also come to Omaha for the diamond jubilee celebration, A number of contests with entrants from every section of Nebraska will be one of the features of the jubilee and one of the most unique of these one boy and one girl from 93 Nebras teen and twenty-one years, will be brought to Omaha, during the jubilee, with all expenses paid, to be entered in the Nebraska Young Citizens’ con- test. All state contestants will be winners of their contests and will be Judged on the basis of health, personality and intel. ligence, Chancellor E. A. Burnett of the University of Nebraska is chair man of this contest. A spectacular pageant, sald to be the most elaborate ever to be planned in the Mid-West. will be pre- sented during the Jubilee. This pageant, entitied “The Making of Ne. Jurr Alexander, native Nebraskan, who lege, Claremont, Calif. will be produced under the direction of John T. Hall, of the John B. Rog- ers company of Fostoria, Ohlo. This pageant will embody the chief historical points in the growth of Nebraska from the time it became a territory, until today, when It has become one of the leading agricul. tural states of the nation. Professor Alexander Is an aothority on Ne. braska history and has written a number of pageants, none as com- prehensive as the work in which he is now engaged. Has Traveling Library The Italy America soclety reports that, through big motor trucks, small traveling libraries have started to ecir- culate in Italy, particularly in the rural districts of the country. They introduce the best Italian literature where it would not be so easily acces sible, thus nilowing the Inhabitants of the smallest centers to share In the tntelleciual life of the country. Italy is the first country In Europe, ¥ which, following the admirable ex ample of America, has instituted the traveling libraries. Book circulation Is now very nctive and the work is done with the co-operation of the cir. culating libraries already established, In Italy are to be found the so-called Biblioteche Popolari, or libraries for the people, which are supported by the municipalities, citizens’ associations and religions bodies. Be ——————_— Radium salt worth $300,000 would not fill a teaspoon, The Water Way Three-quarters of the body's weight i= water, That Is why it is essential to drink water and renew the waste, Water provides a “cushion” for the tissues, which otherwise would rub and Induce Irritation-—mental and physical. Largest High School DeWitt Clinton high schol in New York city occuples several elty plocks, Nive thousan puplis car by ar nome t Easily Possible to Cut Enormous Fire Losses How nre we to stop the depreda- tions of the fire demon? There are three ways In which we can aid. First we should be careful to prevent fire, In our homes we ean refrain from doing the little things that, seemingly unim- portant, oftentimes result disastrous. ly. We should clean out the chimneys annually and keep the smokepipes in repalr; refrain from putting hot ashes in wooden containers; use only stand- ard electrical equipment and installa- tions: be careful with the use of In- flatymable liquids; and provide an in- combustible roof, Slmllarly, we should use reasonable care in our place of business, Even so, there will at times be accel dental fires and we need to tear a leaf from the book of our European neigh- bors. We should so construct buildings that a fire, once started. will be con- fire apparatus arrives. Bullding such ns Issued by the National Board of Fire Underwriters, are a pattern after which communities may up their own codes for fire-safe struc tures, Proper Planning for Growth of Community The ern in which American “just grew,” pushing outward cities their has glven which to live and work, says which traflic from the outlying country. mentation but breathing spaces essen- The modern city Is not a mere ag- buildings but ganism which functions badly or well ain or One part cannot be severed from ane from the re i nerve er can it be blocked off of which It Is the center without stagnation vito and decay. gion City to Be Colorful most The beautiful, ful and restful « of Norway, | of civie decoration. world's ity is the ambit n its new The cit Oslo, cig, enc inciudl and other divided into distri a different color, rose, white Various and a green, tints, year, fess five-story pale wore district is sald to be striking Experts argue that more light, and is, consequently, restful to the than any other shade. They point out that a particular tint of blue eyes steal more protection from the sun's heat than { any other color. 3y | of choosing colors, Oslo is expected to very green eye also Costly Road Building A good road, smooth as’'a billiard | table, with neatly graveled shoulders | and white-painted fences alongside, may be one of the ugliest things in a verdant countryside. Where it cuts a rocky hillside the blasting makes skeletons of living trees; where It { grades a sandbank construction rips the natural growth leaves a jagged scar; where it plunges Into a forest the { improved road seems by some un- ' erring chance to demand the right of way from the finest old oak and maple trees, the road is merely a road leading somewhere—the lingering Invitation of the old countryside is gone. up flowers and Ownership Versus Divorce There is a dignity in ownership that | far outweighs any lack of conven- | fences. There Is something fine In | maintaining 8a home under one’s own | roof-tree, Every improvement has a value far beyond its intrinsic cost be- cause of the romance of beautifying one’s own home, Once young mar | riled people center their thoughts on ownership of a home, work together, save together to achieve that home, the heresy of divorce will “fold up its , tent like the Arab and silently steal away.” Roads Beautified A program of hignway beautifica- tion has been undertaken by the Con- necticut state highway department. Thousands of trees and shrubs, grown in nurseries maintained by the department or transplanted from other places, are being placed along the highways where there is no natural growth, Natural growths are being preserved wherever they do not interfere with the safety of motorists or become a detriment to the highways, | Three Forms Created Architectural town planning has created three esthetic forms, the plaza, the monumental street and the inad- equately named “patte dele” A syne thesis of all three makes the Plaza del Popolo the glory of civic art, says Town Planning Review, you've a headache, or cold; “‘genuine’’ printed in red. Aspirin is the trade mark Monoaceticacidester or aro suffering from neu- Proven directions inside. of Bayer Manufacture of of Balicylicacid Ups and Downs friends “Fancy meeting 3 ‘I'm falling from “That 0?" replied midair, cried one, Ered "” girpiane, the met In ou here” my other, “I'm - -Lelcester ~hronicle, The Return M.—*“What is your bh Mrs, N nshand’'s “¥rom 3 i average income?” to 2 a. mm” -J.ecds Mercury. { The l doesn't make not even a Con i coat of an i i When Babies Babies will ery, often for no apparent reason. You may not know what's wrong, but you can always give Castoria. This soon has your little one comforted; if not, you call a doctor, Don't experiment with medicines intended for the stronger system of adults! Most of those little upsets are soon soothed away by a little of this pleasant-tast gentle-act children’s that children like. It may be the stomach, or may be the little bowels. Or in the case of older children, a sluggish, con- should ing, remedy timer mg tar the thing to certain cle ailment, i to and coul ' Fility do the youngest slightest harm : thing to th y ne: it always has 1 . Syn . Fletcher's signature on Schoolgirl learns simple health measure \ A JTTH all the talk there is now- adays about the independence of the sub-deb generation, your re- porter got a great kick out of hear- ing a grandmother describe how her granddaughter was following a good old tried and true method of improv- ing ber general health. | *"My granddaughter, Margaret," "says Mrs. Zell of 6231 Catherine Street, Philadelphia, *‘read about Nujol, was interested in it, so sent for a sample.” It scems she has been tak- ing a tablespoon of Nujol once a day since and expects to continue this treatment. peedy she has found an improvement in her general health, her system functioning normally where other remedies had failed. 3 That's one of the best things about Nujol. It is just as harmless for irls, or babies even, as it is op 1 ts. For Nujol contains no medicines or drugs. It can't upset Starting right you because it works so easily and regularly, in a normal fashion. Nujol was perfected by the Nujol atories, 2 Park Avenue, New York City. It can be bought any- where for about the price of a ticket to a good movie. Get a bottle of Nujol today and try it, won't you? In scaled packages. THE NEW
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers