PENNSYLVANIA STATE ITEMS Lewisburg.—Thé senior class of Bucknell College has made a public apology to the borough for depreda- tions committed last week, which in- cluded the ducking of the burgess and breaking numerous light standards and other property. The apology says in part: “Our deepest regret and most sincere apology are offered as partial atonement for what has happened. We hope that in some way the citizens may accept this as the student body's real thought.” Washington.—I. L. McCullough has rounded oat 25 years of service as a rural mail carrier from this postoflice. Hollidaysburg.—About 900 Inmates of the Huntingdon Reformatory, Blair Memorial Hospital and county jail re- celved bouquets with greetings at- tached from the W, C. T. U. Harrisburg.—Action to make able for road construction of $50,000,000 highway bond Issue ap- proved by the voters last November was announced by Governor Pinchot. The governor, in letters to Auditor General Leads and State Treasurer Snyder, proposed the issuance of $135,- 000,000 in bonds, to bear 43§ per cent interest, payable semi-annually, with the excepiion that the first payment would be for one year and be due May 1, 1925. The governor proposed that the sale of bonds be held July 22. Unlontown.—Twgo Connellsville boys were killed when a Uniontown ex- press struck the truck in which they were sitting after it had stalled on a crossing of the Penn: ylvania rallroad at Shady Grove. Justin Ashe, aged 18, was almost cut to pieces and Felix Presta, aged 14, suffered a fracture of the skull. Ashe was a son of the president of a candy company and Presta was helping him In making de- liveries. York.—Mrs. Amelia Reiber, 73 years old, Harrisburg, and her grand nlece Miss Catherine Burtner, Franklin. town, were killed In an automobile accident Pre. Mr. and Mrs. John Burtner were injured. Burtner, who was driving, says he lost control of his car when another machine crowd- ed him off the road. He hit a tele- graph pole. Shenandoah.—A most peculiar spec- tacle was witnessed here when a swarm of bees lodged on the fender of an sutomobile owned by a Ringtown farmer. They practically covered the front of the machine, the farmer stat- ing the hive followed him from his home in Ringtown Valley. Securing a large packing box, the farmer smeared the inside with molasses, After walting sometime the queen bee entered the box, followed by all the others. The box was sealed and the owner left for his home with the bees. Easton.—The big campaign for a new hotel for Easton opened with a luncheon, at which preliminary re- ports were presented, which showed £280,000 has been raised. The hotel is to cost £125.000. Lancaster.~—Forced down by a dis abled motor, Major E. L. Watkins, of the Canadian flylng corps, was com- pelled to cpend the night under his machine because he was refused lodging at a local farm house. He and his mechanic were drenched to the skin by a storm. Harrisburg.—The first state conven- tion of the Pernsylvania I. B. P. O. E. W., a negro organization, closed a two-day session here with the election of officers and the selection of Wash- ington as th. place to hold the 1025 convention. The officers elected In- cluded : Edward Henry, Philadelphia, president: C. W. Gant, Pittsburgh, first vice president; Albert Davis, Pittsburgh, secretary, and Robert L. Henderson, Harrisburg, treasurer, Media. —Coroner Frankenfleld and the county detectives are Investigat- ing the discovery of the body of a fully developed white male baby which was found lying in bushes along Providence road, Semmne, by William Thompson, a Secane boy, The body was contained in a pillow slip, wrapped in a number of newspapers. Coroner's Physician Hutelings made an autopey and found that the child had dled ‘rom a blood clot on the brain, produced from blows probably from soma blunt Instrument. The coroner sald the child had been mur- dered before its body was thrown In the bushes Connellgville~—Falling into the deep water of the Layton reservoir, 30 feet from her home, Emma Orsini, aged 18 months, was drowned. State College.~The results of the annual election of officers of the Col- lege Alamni Association were an- nounced as follows: President, Harry W. Montz, Wilkes-Barre; third vice president, David K. Sloan, Bradford county; secretary, E. N. Sullivan, State College ; directors, H. D. Mason, Jr, Pittsburgh, and Emerson F. Da- vis, New York. Altoona. —With a bullet hole through his head and a revolver by his side, the body of K. H. Norton, Pennsyl, vania rallroad engineer, was found near Spruce Creek, Berwick.—~When his clothing be came caught in a drill press in the American Car & Foundry Company's plant, Cha les Shultz suffered several broken ribs and a puncture of his right lung. Weatherly ~B, L. Clarke, of Johns. town, has been elected principal of the schools here to succeed F. 8, Noetling, who has gone to Watson town avail proceeds Scranton. —~—Flve-year-old Jane Wes. ton died in the State Hospital from injuries suffered when she fell from a railroad bridge at Pine Brook. Bedford Springs.—Charles E. Gun- zenhnuser, of Lancaster, was elected president of the Pennsylvania Bakers’ Association at the close of the six- teenth annual convention. Other offi- cers chosen were 8. 8S. Waters, of Pittsburgh, vice president; George W. Fisher, of Huntingdon, treasurer, and CO. OC. Latta, of Pittsburgh. secretary. The two latter were re-elected. The 1925 meeting place will be decided by the executive committee. three new members of which are Willlam J. Frethofer, of Philadelphia; John E. Schaible, of Easton, and Benjamin Apple. of Sunbury. Easton. — John Nem~.h, a Bethle- bem liquor dealer, convicted of viola- tion of he liquor laws, was fined $500 and given 80 days in jail. In Feb- ruary he pleaded guilty to a similar charge and was fined $100. Kalman Szabo, of Bethlehem, convicted of ar- son and larceny, was given a peniten- tiary sent:nce of from five to ten years. Connellsville.—~Two boys were kill. ed and four others Injured, one prob- ably fatally, when they were struck by a Pennsylvania rallroad passenger train near here while returning from a creek where they had been swim. ming. John Barclay, 16, and Onni Bramley, 11, were the two killed, They were walkin® along the right of way and stepped from behind a stricg of box cars ints the path of the speeding train, Bethlehem.—On the he was emplored at Hotel as night clerk, Gerald Walter, of Philadelphia, is alleged to have vanished ith a seven passenger se- dan and $45 from the cash register. The car was the property of William J. Metzner, of Wheeling, W. Va., who came to Bethiehem with his son, Rob- ert B. Motzrier, who was a member of the 1917 class at L~high. The lat. ter registered at the hotel and the machine was placed in the basement. In the morning it was discovered that the machine had disappeared. Later it developed that the night clerk also had disappeared, as had all the money in the cash r»gister. Norristown. Sentencing Bryant, of Ardmore, for reckless au- tomobile driving to nine months’ prisonment, Judge Solly sali: “I want it known throughout the length and breadth of this county that the reck- less driver i. golng to be punished by the judges sitting in this court. It must be stopped and Is going to be stopped.” Coatesville. — first day that the Wyandotte Arthur fm- During the absence of the B. W. Boyd family, Valley town. ship, bear here, a swarm of honey bees went through an opening leading to the dining room and took sion. Mrs. Boyd was surprised to see a centrepicce on the dining room ta. ble. The bees had piled up and form- ed an object the size of a peck meas pre. Mrs. Boyd gathered up the ta- blecloth and carried it to the lawn and the hive of bees dispersed. Sunbury. ~The latest incident in the Black Hand feud at Shamokin occur red when Mrs. Veto Feudale, whose husband Is now in the Shamokin Hos- pital, received a threat that unless she pald $500 her head would be cut off. It was signed by Dominick Duda, who hsa just been released from the comty Jall, The letter was turned over to the police and Duda will now face federal prosecution for sending threatening letters through the malis, Harrisburg Training of midwives in cities having a large foreign popu lation will be undertaken by Dr Alla Nekrasscva, whose appointment as fleld assistant in =idwivery has been announced by Dr. Charles H. Miner, health secretary. Health de partment authorities heve found the infant mortality rate especially high in sections of the sta*e whose foreign population is densest, where often the only person attending the mother Is an unschooled midwife. Dr. Nekras- sova, who speaks several languages, will go into foreign settlements, seek out the midwives and have them at- tend classes in sanitation and the care of children. Unlontown.—T'wo mysterious deaths are being Investigated by the police of two nearby places. At Tower Hill No. 1 the badly mutilated body of Fred Sales was found on a bed In his home by neighbors, who went to In- vestigate because he had not been seen ns usual and because a light was burning in the house. His head had been badly torn by a pick and his throat had been cut. At Bitner, Mrs. Elizabeth, Bogart dled as the re- sult of being thrown down stalrs, ac cording to the police, who say they are searching for her !usband, John Bogart, who disappeared after start ing to obtain a priest when his wife's condition became critical, Philadelphia —Willlam Hults, 21 years old, was found hanging from the dining room door of his residence when found by Police Lieutenant At. kins, Hultz had slipped the rope about his neck and jumped from a chalr, He was taken to the Women's Homeopathic Hospital, where It was said that he has a broken neck and will probably die, Watsontown, -- Chief Burgess W, Dean McFarland has offered a reward of $500 for Information that will lead to the arrest of the person or persons gulity of causing several fires that have recently occurred here, Sunbury. Stricken with paralysis while walking on a Sunbury street, Phillip Murphy, for many years a hotel man, died at the Packer Hos pital. Carbondale. ~— When her clothing eaught fire while she was standing near burning rubbish, Helen Bedpash. aged 4, suffered burns which caused her death, posse 8 CN PRE SEDENT” haze CAITNE | A DAZAAT, SHR Ps ! RESIDENT CALVIN COOL- | IDGE recently dediented a new national shrine—a repository which has been set up in the Library of Congress for the safe guarding of the Declara- tion of Inde wr ndence and the Constitution of the States. The man the Prob bad a clearer un-| intelligent ap documents, i has been a | United fitted present occasion ql ly oo one derstanding preciation of these For President student of the history and institutions of his country since his youth, In this connection much Interest attaches to an written by him at the age of twenty-three, when was al senlor at A The Sons of the American Revolution offered a $150 medal for the best by a sealor in an American college on the causes of the American Revolution. The judges awarded the meds! to Calvin Coolidge on his essay, “The Principles Fought For In the American Revoln- tion.” This essay Is good reading for | a good American, especially on a na- | tional holiday like Independence Day. Here 1s the essayist's opening para- | graph: When history looks beyond the ime | mediante cause of the American Revolu- tion for the justifying principles, it Is very soon brought back to the spirit of English liberty. It is the same genius for freedom that has led the race from the primeval forests of Germany to the Thirteenth Amendment of the Consti- tution. The essayist then points out how this spirit of liberty came to the sur | face on great occasions like the ex-| tortion of the great charter of human | rights from King John In the Thir- | teenth century and the confirmation | of Magna Charta by Edward L He | states that Englishmen drove out one | king, rebelled against two and execut- ed thee and says: Precedents, then, are by no means wanting .mong Englishmen for the successful resistance of arbitrary des. potism whenever it encroached upon their liberties, Sketching the characteristics of the Puritans of Massachusetts, he says of them, “Of all the races they were the most tenacious of thelr rights and the most jealous of thelr liberties.” Then he says: The American Revolution was not, then, any struggle for emancipation from siavery; and the colonists Were free men. Nor was it at first so much for gaining new liberties as for pre- serving the old. Nor can it. as is often thought, be enlled a war between different na- tions Hoth sides were Englishmen who glorified In the name of Engiand. Willlam and Mary had, moreover, given the colonists a full share of the rights of British subjects, The real object of resistance was to gain se- curity from parliamentary encroach ments, . . The colonists were con- tending for the principle of a repre gentative government of chartered rights and constitutional liberties. They were defending themselves or 8 more ‘rari tA Coolidge essay he mherst, essay Thougn the injustice of taxation without representation made a good war cry, it is, In the last analysis, a dan gerous Drinciple, says the jut it is eany and the people no doubt fought the war largely on that [Issue The fact is, It is a duty to the state to pay taxes, and it is equally a duty to vote. It does not follow that because the state requires ome duty it shall require the to | g common rasp, (bolidge when a LPF YS A 3 - 7. D ee against the military George 111 and the foundation = TAR despotism struggling to of government equality. The essayist next points the condition of England at of the French and Indian war in 1763 forced a new colonial policy looking toward the raising of revenue in Amer. The « on the hand, of from out that the close lea, ‘olonists, instead of wanting new taxes and new restrictions upon their nerce, were already breaking away Id restrictions by their i other cont systematic were commercial for revenue, tendencies, trade laws, colonies regulations and not Grenville, ignoring proposed to enforce to quarter soldiers In the and to ralse a tax authority of the English tax meant the of 3,000,000 British the parliament, in the Magna Charta, essayist next tells about Stamp act and the protest that forced al; the Dependency act. which declared that the repeal clude the principle involved, Townsend revenue act, laying duties on imports. Finally all the revenue taxes were repealed, except the one During the four years that 1770 to 1774, there were sev- acts of violence on the part of Colonists In resistance, Boston Massacre, he and the followed, the the the burning of Says the essayist: Again Great Britain had recourse to acts of coercion First, it closed the port of Boston, thus destroying the of thousands, Becond-—It declared vold certain parts of the charter of Massachusetts, following a policy begun in New York in 1787. and so it virtually attempted to annihilate the protection of char- { i ways 80 dear to Englishmen. Free gov. ernment was destroyed, too, In an- other way. Judges, courts, sheriffs were made | were placed in his direct pay and made subject to his pleasure. Town meet. ings were forbidden, and thus the old familiar forms of self-government were entirely swept away The ernor was made as absolute as a des. pot, and the form of government thus thrust upon Massachusetts was des potism such as Englishmen would not | have endured, even In the days of Hen. ry VIIL i CALI cOoLDGE AS A, SENIOR Al AMBER ST Lorre rs fram SIs dy piermairony second, And he con tinues: But there is another glide where the require. ment of the state runs over into tyranny. Only this ground can re- sistance to taxation be @ ‘tustified. Bo long as the colonies were a art of Ns? ie the state of Great Brit- aln-—and they were 80 their charters and by the action of William and Mary—that state had the demand not only thelr but their service in the army @ inst extremity, tt} lives be, then that the American ution was fought that colonists might escape paying taxes. The great struggle that they passed through must make such a duty seem insignificant The real principle was not one of the right of the state or the duily of the citizens, it was a question of govern- ment. 8 question of form and method It is this that is meant above, in the #iatement that the struggle was not between nations or for new principles It was not so much a revolution, a new ideas, as the main- tenance of the old forms of rep Pose nta- tive government of chartered rights and constitutional liberty. Pneland had fought for this In 1998 and im- agined it was secured. But it was only #0 in name George III was by nature a despot: iat heart he was another Stuart He had the parliament almost completely under his control in its Jegisiation upon English questions, but in regard to the king's coloniez his will was su- prema He upon on by ir forced a America dared not force his porition of oo policy government that he iid mot and upon England, though ing was rong enough Were the descendunts of Cromwell's Puritans going back to submit to a Stuart regime” That i= what Is meant when we hear that America fought at once the battle of freedom in the colonies and in Eng- land That is what England's great statesman meant wher he declared on the floor of parliament that he rejoiced n the resistance of the colonists, The ear] of Chatham knew that the govern. ment of George III In whose ears ringing the admonition his mother “to be king” was undermini the con. stitution of Great Britain and bringing the stats back to the forme of mon- archy that had existed in the times of the Stuarts and the Tudors But if the leading principle was the preservation of English constitutional government from the encroachments of king and parliament, says the essay- ist, there is another principle as far reaching as the development of the Sovereignty Is always finally wested In the people. And he goes on: If the king could have accommodated himself to the existing state of affairs for America ar he managed to do for { England, there would have been the { limited constitutional monarchy that Great Britain finally reached In 1832. { i i colonies were driven to assert hy war what the commons of England partly gained by legisiation sixty years iater, There was further gained in the that quail ity, is the basis of the not quantity, i i men were declared free and equal Still, there is another factor that | must have eventually led to separation nearly all criminals to England for trial Fourth-—8oldiers were quartered "to play in the history of the world that could best be performed by mak. tary government was set up In the' colonies. Fifth-—Parliament passed the ealled Quebec act to separate the French from any bond of sympathy with the colonles a viceroy. In his command was the | army. If a soldier should murder a citizen, he was sent to England for trial. If a citizen should become a criminal he, too, might be sent across the sea, In order that In both cases the government might have all the advan tage It was a military despotism. There were no popular meetings, Ro criminal courts, no habeas corpus, no freedom of the press. The question was no longer one of taxes; that was a mere figment now. i { England's great wort was to plant colonies. America could not ald in that work It was her place to found a great nation on this side of the At- jantic and bring out the conception of | And when this was done, concludes the essayist, then America stretched out her hand over the sea to ald the oppressed of Europe, to furnish them a place of refuge, and ag soon as they could assume the duties, make them citizens, not alone of our United States, but of the world. When the Old Bell Pealed Liberty to All Fifteen days after the battle of Brandywine the British occupied Phil adelphia (September 20) and passed there a Joyous winter, But on the following October 17, after several furious engagements, the Americans captured Genersl Bur goyne and his entire amy of 6,000 troops at Saratoga--and, what was of great importance just then, the patriots acquired a lot of perfectly . Not quite four months later (Feb- ruary 8, 1778) France signed a treaty of amity and commerce with the United States—thanks to our great old man, Ben Franklin, It meant an alliance for war, When the good news got across the water and congress had ratified the treaty, the poor, half-starved Ameri. ean army at Valley Forge fired thir teen guns in celebration, The British Philadelphia, twenty miles away, probably heard the sound and won dered what happened. That was May 6. Finally the situation of the British grew perilous, and on the night of June 18 the army evacuated Philadel phia. Congress came back to Inde pendence hall on July 2, and some time In the following October the great old bell, which had been re moved to a place of safety during the British occupation of the city, came trundling back home after sn absence of more than a year. And the prophetic text came with it! + SOMETHING JUST AS GOOL Katherine's father 18 not a strative man, and one day after a visit to a little friend, plained to her mother that er calls us children ‘dearies’ Parker's father calls her” Her younger sister was standing by, and, quick to defend her daddy, she said: “Well, I don't care if he doesn’t call us ‘dearies’; just plenty of times he calls us ‘dummies.’ Tran- script. demon. child, CO the “papa nev- like Mary "Boston Oh, Dear! Sflo—1'm surprised to On rged me muct agreed upon, Carpenter—Yes, bu more than I expected, Mrs. Then you me now than when you gaged. Mrs, have cha Silo Out-Bunking J. B. Londoner—What do you think that tower for height? New Yorker {abroad)—Do you that tower high? Say, In our nine first floor bedrooms we have to close all the windows at night to the clouds from rolling in~—London Oplo- lon. of call ot y- keep A MAN’S ASHES Hi many rf “A man makes two pounds of ashes EL when he's sated.” “But when you him simple little fire he makes wore." to build a bushel ox vot get That's the Question Here is de message fer YOU Hard on de head it a hit you; de devi] his due, rasd he will git you? Alternative we] two pounds nalls ou will Cust os four-penny ner want New Clerk—We're out of four-pen ny nails, but I can let you have four pounds of two-penny nalis— Good Hardware, A Backward Student L—~—How !s toh ard HEN BOLO Ach’ halfback all team and ail the way Mr. slong in 1 Mr. | footh your boy Se the in on buck | bis studies. ! Quality lice——1 had tem proposals this week, Vir Alice—Dick. ginia-—Gracious! From whom? Forgot His Troubles “Did you enjoy youresif at your wed ding, Sam? “Yals, suh. Ah had sech a good time Ah forgot dat Ah wuz de groom.” Fly Stuff Mrs. Benham-—You stick to that pa- per as if it were fly paper. Benham—It is; it is an aviation Journal IN CONFIDENCE “Was there anything in that story about you and Mr. Fritters?” “Nothing to speak of.” “Fine! Tell me all about it and I'l) not speak of it to a soul” Rare Birds Bome folks we know have taking ways, But, oh! alas! alack! There are but few we ktow of who Have ways of bringing back. Something to Worry About “You look blue, old man ‘*“1 am blue. I've been rejected.” “Oh, cheer up! There are plenty of other girls, you know.” “Girls be hanged! It's an insur ance company that has done It" His Aim Was Deadly Prison Visitor—And I dare say yoo miss your wife most of all? Culprit—If 1 ‘ad missed ‘er, mum, 3 shouldn't never ‘ave bin ‘ere !—Lone don Passing Show,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers