— VOL. XCI. THE STUDY OF THE GREAT WAR, Latest Pamphlet Issned by the Commit. tee on Pubjle Information Gives Quota- tion and Reading Reference, “ Before June 28, 1914, Germany willed, if not war, at least another trial of diplomatic strength in which the threat of war should enter as a de- cisive factor’’. Bach is the conclusion to which Prof. Bamuel B, Harding, of Indiana University, comes in the tuird chapter of his ninety-six page pamphlet entitled, * The Btudy of the Great War’, just issued by the Committee on Fubliec Information, and distributed free upon applieatior to Jackson Place, Washington, D. C. The fact that iu 1918, before the n.urder of the Archduke Frarz Ferdi- uand on the fateful 28:h of June, 1914, Austria notified Italy that she propos- ed then to a'tack Serbis, is one bit of evidence relied upon by Professor Harding. Also a secret military re- port of the German army which fell into possession of the French govern- ment shows that Germany was mak- ing extraordinary preparations in 1913 for an immediate war. In an inter- view with King Albert of Belgium in November of the same year, the Ger- man Kaiser gave the impression that war with France was certain and sought to win Belgium to Germany's pide, Various practical measures looking to war were also taken before the Sarsjevo murders. The military laws of 1911, 1912 and 1918 greatly in- creased the German army. The re- construction of the Kiel Canal was hurried to completion early in 1914. Steps were taken to stir up revolt in South Africa and in British India. ecret coaling orders dated June 14, 1914, two weeks before the assassina- tions were issued to the German cruls- er Eber at Cape Town which contem- plated an immediate outbreak of war. There is much evidence, too, relat- ing to accumulation of war materials, the transfer of bank balances, etc., and a circular dated June 9, 1914, Is cited, ordering all owners of factories to op- en the mobilization envelopes in their possession. Finally, the evidence ls presented showing that a secret conference of German and Austrian generals and officials was held at Potsdam, near Berlin, on July 5, 1914, and that it was at this council that the actual steps leading up to the war were agreed upon. The following is quoted from Maxi- msli sn Harding in Die Zukunft for August 1, 1914 : “In the Viennese note to Berbia whose brszon arrogance has Do prece- dent in bistory, esch phrase bears witness that Austria-Huogary desired the war. Only the war, or which the best minds of the army were thirsting, could care the fundsmental ille, of the two balves of the Austrian Empire, snd of the monarchy. Only the re- fusal and pot the acceptance of the claims put forward in the note could have profited Vienna. “The question has been asked : ‘Where was the plan of the campsign elaborated — in Vienna or Berlin?’ And some hasten to reply: In Vien. na. Why do people tolerate the prop- sgation of euch dangerous fables? Why not say the thing that is (be cause it must be), namely, that a com- plete understanding in all matters ex- jsted between Berlin and Vienna?” Other Chapters of the study deal with the following subjects : Funda mental causes of the war, its historical bsckground, the Austro-Serbian con- troversy, the fallure of diplomacy to avert war between Germany-Austria snd Rus-is-France, the entrance of Great Britain as a result of the viols- tion of Belgium's neutrality, the spread of the war and its character, en~ trance of the United Btates, the course of the war from 1914 to Apri) 3rd, 1918, and the various peace proposals, in- cluding the Brest-Litovsk treaty ime posed by Germany and Austria upon de uded Russia, Bpace is aleo given in the final chapter to a brief consideration of the questions whether this will be the last great war. The requirements sre sketched both for a League to enforce peace and for wotld federation and the triumph of the United States and the Allles over mllitarist and despotic Germany is regarded ss giving * the best assurance of the establishment of a league of peace and the practical ending of war.” The sub-title as the study describes it ae a ** topical outline with extensive quotations snd reading references”. In each chapter the material is pre~ sented under systematically arranged headinge, and each of these Is illustra ted by one or more quotations of evi dence taken usually from the orig- foal sources, Frequent Yeading res ferences are appended to the toploe, many of them referring to the ** War CUyclopedia” published by the Com- mittee on Pablic Information, of which Professor Harding is one of the suthors. In addition, a selected list ( Continned on Luside page.) PURUVHASERS OF LIBERTY BONDS. $37,000 Subscribed iu This District.—A List of Bond Buyers, Thirty-sqven thousand dollars were raised In the district of which Centre Hall is a part, in the Third Liberty Loan campaign. A list of the bond buyers ia sppended : Mrs. Chestie Tressler Mrs. E. M. Huyett E. M. Huyett Hazel Emery Mrs. Laura McCormick W. W. McCormick G. H. MeCormick Ralph Sweeney Lizzie Slack J. Wm. Blauser Edward Alli:on W. M. Allison Hermine L. Allison Donald Allison Spring Mills Cemetery Harry Harshbarger Ellen N. Heckman W. B. Grove Anns M. Sankey A. N. Finkel W. J Dashem Martha Condo LM. Barger M. A. Burkholder Emma E. Royer T. F. Royer Coroline McClaskey G. E. Auman Anna Frasier F. W. Frasier W. L, Jordan J. E. Campbell H. D. Callahan Ruth Callahan William Houser Hugh McClintic 8. Ross MeClintic C. Dale McClintic Esther Bitner El zabeth Bitner Nancy Hunter E C. Harter K. G. E. Lodge F. & A. M. Lodge J. P. Grove, Trustee G. W. Hosterman, Trustee Mary Slutterbeck Charles Slutterbeck Arthur Slutterb eck John F. Kramer Nellie M. Hennigh H. H. Houser Cyrus Brungart Guy R. Brooks J. Wm. Bradford John E. Noll I. J. Zubler Marthias Weagley Lola M. Wolfe Lola M. Ulrieh W. W. Reitz J. Elmer Royer James W. Runkle Laura S. Runkle Rosetta Runkle H. C, Robinson Ida M. Miller. Mildred L. McClenahan E. Rea McClenahan Maynard Meeker Charles A. Miller Jobn D. Long Earl A. Ross E Rosa Stover A. L. Duck Mrs. Frank M. Fisher Anna C., Grove Mrs, Bertha McClintie Mary J. Swartz M. T. Zubler Mrs. Mary M. Williams Emma P. Grove W. H. Lingle Mrs. Charles I. Charles B, Neff Annie M. Lohr Charles M. Miller J. W. Mowery Albert R. Mowery J. C. Rossman Isabel Rowe J. W. Raymond G. E. Riter Bruce W. Ripka G. W. Ralston W. F. Rishel Mrs. Clyde A. Smith Sprucetown M, E. 8. 8, George W. Sharer D. W. Sweetwood E. P. Shook Edith Sankey P. D. Swabb George H. Sweeney E. J. Sweetwood D. E. Snyder W. H. Bartholomew Lizzie M. Mingle Loyd R. Vonada Rev. W. H. Williams MeCool A Series of Articles Leading Up to the Gregg Township Vocational School at Spring Mills, [By Prof. W. W. Reitz, Supervisor of Agricul. ture of the Gregg Township vocational Behool. | PART II. GROWTH OF THE AGRICULTURAL AND HOUSEHOLD ARTS DEPART- MENT. As soon as the Legislature enacted the Vocational Law, in 1913, five schools qualified and became voeation- al schools or took on voeational de- partments, These five ploneer schools were :— Waterford, Krile county Montrose, Husguehanna county ; Housedale, Wayne county ; Mt, Pleas- ant, Westmoreland county, and Troy, Bradford county, During 1914 elght moire schools qualified, making thir- teen, From year to year others were added notil at the present time vocs- tional agriculture or hou-ehold arts, or both, are represented in forty-two schools, Perhaps half of these are vo- cational echools ; the others are de- partments, These schools aro not die tributed evenly, throughout the state but are granted to those communities which request it and whose schools qualify, They are found mostly ip the extreme western and eastern parts of the State, also along the northern border and a few in the southern part. The Central part of the Htate has been slow to warm up to the vocational ides. In the fall of 1017, RBpring Mille, in this county, took the first step by establishing a vocational school, but there isn’t another one within a rad- ius of sixty miles at the present time, For the most part there is only one school to a county but Mercer county has four snd several counties have two, About two thousand boys and girls are enrolled in these forty-two schools, Every school wishing to establish an agricultural department must equip for twelve boys and must have at least that number on the roll, In order to establish a bousehold arts department, a school must have sixteen girls and equipment for the same. This army of boys and girls lsgivieg good scoount of itself during these wartimes. The boys are required to carry on an sgricultural pre ject during the summer, consisting of the grow- ing of about an acre of corn or pots tote, or raising poultry or hogs or feeding cattle. These prcjecia are pearly all productive rather than ex- perimental, During last summer over a thousand boys carried on pre jects in Pennsylvanis, producing several thou- sand bushels of eorn, several thousand bushels of potatoes, several thousssd chickene, beside great quantities of wheat, oats and buckwheat that other- wise would not have been produced. This spring the schools have thrown open their seed-teating laboratories (o the farmers and have tested great quantities of their corn, There Ile bardly a school that has not tested twenty-five bushels, and many bave tested several times that quantity. It is no exsggeration to say that these boys have saved many thousand busb- els of corn for the farmers during the coming year. The girls likewise have been doing their bit. They have been taught to knit and sew, and to cook and bake with all manner of wheat and meat substitutes, and withcut waste. Hav- ing learned to knit and sew, their at- tention naturally was directed to Red Cross work. Many a sweater and other article of comfort was produced by their hande. Many schools made Red Cross blankets or robes from rem- pants of yarn and second hand articles made from yarn, which were donated and which they raveled and dyed. The Bupervisors of Home Making in nearly every school, gave demon- strations to the mothers snd house- wives of the community, illustrating the use of substitutes. The Bupervis- ors of Agricyjture also do as much ex- tension work as ls possible directly with the farmer. Meetings are often held st the various school houses throughout the country district and agricultural problems are discussed with the patrons. Night echools also are sometimes conducted for the benc- of the farmers. The writer at ore time conducted a short course at which time ten farmers attended balf- day sessions regularly for six weeks. —————— A AAA Big Total for This Chareh, With a congregation of but 250, sev- eral who live out of town and a num- ber being at the age that they have no earning capacity, the total subserip- tion of the members of the First Methodist Eplccopal church of Nescc- peck to the Third Liberty Loan was Just $17,000. This Is an average of §68 for each resident member, The above ls taken from the Ber- wick Eorerprise and the church referr- ed to is that of which Riv, G, W,. Me Iloay is pastor, VIUTIM OF ACCIDENT DIES, Hufus BE, Township, Died at Hospital, Rufus E, Bedlyon, the victim of the shooting accident at the * Barrens’ near Thompson's sawmill, in the bar- rene, on April 18th, died Thurday of last week about noon in the Belle- fonte hospital. The news comes as a severe shock to the man’s many friends, ns he had been on a fair way to recovery. The accident which was described in a recent issue, happened as follows : Hamuel Bedlyon, a brother of Rufue, had given a twenty-two calibre rifis to John Thompson, aged eleven years, in Bediyon, Formerly of Fotter become & nuiesnce about the barn, Mr. Bedlyon had meanwhile gone into the barn and wee repairing a feed bin. Hometime later, little John came into the building snd lsid down the gun which was cocked, When he again picked it up it wes somehow alscharg- ed, the bullet loding in Mr. Bediyon's right side, about glx inches below the shoulder, Dr. Ritenour, the college physican, wos called, snd upon examination, found the iprjury elight, saying tbat the bullet cculd rot have lodged in a lees dangerons place, The next day the injured man was taken to the Bellefonte hospital, where with the aid of the X-rsy, the bullet was loca ted and removed. Beveral deys laler the man wae diecharged snd returned home spparent]y se well ae ever, Beveral days ago, however, Mr, Bed- lyon began to complain that bis right shoulder was hurting him, It was advised that he again go to the hoepi- tal and scecordipgly he was taken there Thureday morning. The physi- can in chaege decided that the cavity from which the bullet had been taken had fliled with foreign matter, and while they were probing the wound the man passed away, The csure of his death hes pot been cleared up, but it is thought that the man’s heart was weak and would not bear up under the strain. Deceased wes the son of Amos and Margare! Bedlyon and was born in Georges Valley on November 7, 15885, his sge thus being 53 yeare, 6 months, and 2 days. The greater part of his life was spent in p= Valley, in the vicinity of Colyer until he mov. ed to Thompeon's sawmill late last year, where he hss since been employ- od by George Thompson. He Is sur- vived by his wife snd two children ; Mae, aged eleven, and Albert, aged nine: four brothers, several sisters, and his mother. Funeral services were conducted Baturday, and interment made at Lewistown, ——— A ———— Planting Sagar Cane, A new crop being srown in Kisba- ecquillas Valley, Mifflin county, is so- gar cane, John M. Har!zler, of Belle- ville, is the enterprieing citizen of that valley to erect au zar cane evaporating plant and will be able to handle the crop to the best advantage, Mel zler S———————— AY —————— If director McAdoo approves the in- crease of the pay for railroad men, the increase will be reckoned on the pay received December, 1015, and not the present ate of pay. Many employes are now receiving the greater portion of this increase owing to voluntary in creases made by railroads, ——————— A A H——— DR MARRKIS TALKS, Superintendent of Dry Federation Speaks in United Evangelies: Church —%Splen. aid, Fplendia! The good sudience that heard Dr, J. Royal Harrie, in the United Evan gelical church on Bunday evening, was delighted from the start to finish of the address, Dr. Harrie is soperin- tendent of the Biste Dry Federation, and presented many new thoughts on the subject of temperance, the need of the elimination of the manufacture of boose on the ground of food conser- vation, and the duty of every good citizen to use his vote in the interest of the cause by selecting such candi dates as are known to honestly favor the passage of the National Prohi- bition Amendment in the state as well as by congress. The speaker read a list of candidates, whom he declared could be trusted, among these were the names of 1, L. Harvey, Republi- can, candidate for assembly ; William E. Tobise, Democrat, and Jobn Rich- eileen, Republican, candidates for congress, Dr. Harris Is a splendid speaker, and presented his arguments in a most logical and striking manner, Hie talk was #0 much unlike the old- time temperance addresses that those, if there were any present who favored booze, must admit that the personal privilege feature of the question has been eliminated, if it ever did have a standing, by the World War, At the close of the meeting there wae a liberal contribution made to. ward defraying «¢xpenses of the movement, HIGH SUHOO0OL COMMENCEMEAST, Exercises Tharsday Hvening Largely Ate ; tended —~ Bellefonte prchestrs, The High school commencement exercises in Grange Arcadls, Thures- day night of last week, were largely attended. The ceremony concluded the school work of Prof. C. R. Neff, who very acceptably flunlehed the school term begun by Prof. W. O, Heckman, resigned, to accept a similar position at Btate College. The stage was tastefully decorated with spruce, the class colors, and motto, all the ecenery being hidden from view. Contrary to the custom, the claes play- ed a lone hand, It ignored the come ing seniors, and dispensed with the graduation address, A Bellefonte or- chestra furnished the music, Each of the graduates performed their part of the program with credit, one or two of them having had papers of great value and interest to the au- dience, The program, which was interspers- ed with musle, follows : The Practical Value of Liberal Edu cation, James Bweetwood, The Value of Economy, H. Marchie Jodon. The Reward of Labor, M. Catharine Ruble, What Edison Has Accomplished, Corrie BR. Mitterling. Food and The World War, Mae E. Shultz, Belf Control and Self-Reliance, Eliz. abeth R. Bweetwood, The Power That Moves the World, Rebecca E. Kreamer, —— i —— Brush Barpiog Starts Mouatain Fire, The burning of brush was responsi- ble for a raging mountain fire which burned over hundreds of acres on Nit- tany mou nisin on tbis side, directly above Centre Hall, and on the other side, beginning near the Greens Val- ley section. It ies said that a young man, after s'arting the fire, left it to look after his corn j lanting and in a short time discovered that the fire hiad started up the mountainside. It required some hard fighting until laste Thuredsy night on the part of Ranger Hoover and a ecore of men to save Lhe State land on that gide from destruc- tion, snd after the fire crossed the “top” snd started toward Centre Hall, John G. Rossman, fire warden, rounded up a score of men in Centre Hall, who fought the flames Thure- day night, fioally getting the fire up- der control on Friday morning. —————————————— Red Oross Benefit Flay, “A Loyal Friend” is the title of a play which will be presented by the young people of Pine Grove Mille in Grange Arcadis, Centre Hall, on Bate urday evening, May 158th. Tbe enlire proceeds will go into the Red Cross fund, the Pine Grove Mills and Centre Hall suxiliaries sharing the receipts on a fifty-ifty basis, The play has already been presented a pumber of times to large and appre ciative audiences, The plot is clesn and wholesome, with nothing to jar the finer sensibilities of those who de- mand and sdmire a clean-cut enter- tainment. Don’t miss it. You will get your money's worth and at {he same time you will be helpiog along the Red Cross, which has a right to your sup- port. Oelebrated R3rd Birthday, A birthday party, in celebration of his eighty-third birthday anniversary, was tendered Levi Btump, at his home at Bpring Bank, near Millheim, on Thursday of last week. The evening wae spent in 8 most delightful man- per, several of the ladies present ren- dering beautiful music, Ice cream and cake formed the refreshments. A substantial cash dopstion was given Mr. Btump a token of respect by those present, who were as follows : Mr, and Mre. J. A, Herb, Mr. and Mre. J. E. Miller and children Edna and Lee, Mrs. Frank Miller, Mrs J. Z. Kern and son Samuel, Mis. 8B. R. Gettic, J. N. Royer, Mr, and Mre. C. M. Miller, Mr. and Mrs. H, M. Filed Jer, of Madisonburg ; Mr, and Mm. I. E. Bhultz and children Evalyn, Goldy, Chestie and Minnie, William Confer, Mr. Penniecufl, Mr, and Mrs. Wessley Wolf and children May, James and Violet, Mre. Newton Boyer and dsughter Eves, Hasting Hasenplug, all of Spring Bank ; Mr. and Mre, Harry Homan and son Les- ter, of Asronsburg; Mr. and Mm. Fred Best and thildren Doll, Mary, Ruth and Helen, Mr. and Mre. J. A. Kline, Lucy Jordon, Mr. and Mrs, Adam Relish snd daughter Dorothy, Mr. and Mre, Arthur Cummings and children Paul, Raiph sod Waller, Mary Fishburn, Willess Best, of Centre Mills, A —————— A —— He Was Right, Teacher, to Johnny, in geography olase : “What ls the largest city in France?" NO. 20 TOWN AND COUNTY NEWS, FROM ALL PARTS And what ehall we do with the pro Germans ? W.B.8, and T. B. will help spell d-g-f-g-a-t for the Kaiser. May 21st can be made s state clean- up-day among politicians, Build with cement—the material that wears Jongest.—R. D. Foremsn, Centre Hall. A good many of cur people acted on Mies Jarvis’ advice and wore a thrift stamp instead of 8 carnstion on Moth- ers’ Day. After taking the ordnance course at Pennsylvania Btaie College, Bamuel J. McMulien, of Miliheim, was sent to Rock Island (Ill) srsenal and later transferred to Camp Hancock, Georgia, The woman's committee on the Third Liberty bond reported $5050 sold in Centre Hall and in Potter township, $2350, or a total of $10,400, making a very fair percentage of the whole amount purchased, which was $37,000, I'be bad behavior of seed corn was the cause for a great many farmers throughout the valley postponing planting until this week. With fair weather for a few days much of the corn will have been planted, and thie is just the 16th. The Millheim Journal is pleased to apnounce that that town has six gal- lant sons on French soil fighting for liberty : They are Bergt. Gervis E. Btover, P. Byron Musser, Henry Brown, Orvis Corman, Jay Wine- gardner, and Raesel Goodhart. A large barn belonging to George Holt, six miles from Bnow Bhoe, was struck by lightning and entirely con- sumed, as wae also nearly all its con- tente, Including two horses and a val- usble cow, farming implements, etc. The loss is between five and six thous- and dollars, Pennsylvania ie to furnish twenty thousand men under the draft call just issued. This will increase the army of Pennsylvanians in service to more than 200,000, but we will still bave atibat 160,000 in class one. Pennsyl- vanis is doing her part in the war for democracy. Plant, plant ; plant enough for your- self and family and a surplus to sell Last year there was an sabundaoce, but, rrmember, the yield was heavy. Suppose osale, barley, corp, potatoes, buckwheat, beans, etc, pre only = half crop, have you planted enough? Planting liberally in season will both add to your revenue and serve your country. Potstoes are selling around the half- dollar msrk—the same tubers for which $1.00 to $1.35 was offered lset fall. Little is being eaid, this spriog sbeut planting thie important crop, but the wide swake farmer will be able to see that the present price of potatoes hss nothing whatever to do with the price the coming crop msy command, and will plant liberally. If we want to go “over the top” in the War Baviogs Btamp movement, the Centre Hall post office must sell $20.00 worth of stamps for every inp- habitant in Centre Hall, as well as that much for every individual cover- ed by the rural routes served from this office. You will see that means a large sum of money must yet be in- vested in these popular securities, Well, here we are, preparing for the one bundred million dollar Red Crosse drive, The drive begins on Bunday, and that is the best day of all to con- tribute. When you bought a bond you claim you did a patriotic service, but your contribution to the Red Cross proves whether it was patriot- ism or the splendid interest that in- duced you to invest in bonds. Noone is a good citizen who has pot bought Liberty Bonde and War Savings Stampe, provided he or she is able to do so. Examine your strong chest carefully, if you have not done your best ( not bit) there is time to amend, After you bave fulfilled your obligation get right after any one who has not come up to the standard you set yourself, At this stage the fioancially able man who has no war securities and refuses to purchase, may safely be classed a pro-German, Mre, Henry Gingerich snd grand. son Rosemer G. Warren, of Linden Hall, jost arrived from an extended trip to emstern cities. The chief ob- Jeotive point was Reading where they attended the graduation of the forme er’s daughter, Mise Arlene Anzanetta Gingerich, who holds the stamp of the Reading Hospital, with much honor. Among the many guests pres ent in honor of Miss Gingerich was her sister, Mies Rosella Gingerich, of Reading. The hall was adorned with elaborate decorations, and immediate ly sncoeeding the orations a delightful Johnny : ‘Somewhere. ” banquet waa held.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers