. 4 COST OF ENSILAGE, In a recent reference to the matter of the cost of putting up ensilage, and Quoting a bulletin, giving the exper fences of the Department of Agricul ture, Hoard's Dairyman says: The average yield is a fraction over 9 tons per acre; the average cost per ton Is 64c.: the average cost per acre of putting the corn into the silo is $5.98. The bulletin urges every farmer to supply himself with his own ma- chinery, and there is no doubt of the soundness of the advice, In this matter of cost of silage ma- <hinery, which includes the corn har vester, the cutter and the gasoline en- gine, we believe too many dairymen are holding off from investing, to their own great loss of profit. That item of first cost scares them of notion of a silo, and in a few years they have lost two or three times that amount, in good profit. itly told us that he had held back from building a silo for years, because he did not like the idea of buying so much machinery. But he finally came to it and was aston- ished at the increased production of his cows as well as how much more of ¥ourg stock he could on the fame. So he had to build more stable room for he did not like to sell off the extra hay. In five years the reve farm had increased 40 por it all started, he sald, ing a silo It is farmers what a silage and a daily or alfalfa hay pearance of To be a skillful young stock is : y im of a good farmer's business. and we know of no better aid to this end than a combination of ensilage and nice al. falfa or clover hay out 18 carry cent with his bulld- many little surprisng to change a en feed of good clover will mal in the ap- voung h 3s by spring feeder and developer of ortant part FORMULA FOR WHITEWASH. | For forty years the United States Government has been using on all its fiorts and lighthouses whitewa pars] accor the fo mula. It is way, the wash will reXain its brilliancy other, and that it | by rain or weather Of necessary to strain the fully before applying through a pump, alge more or less trouble result trom the clogging of the but | with ordinary care at the sta no in copyvenience will be experi Half | a bushel of unslaked slake with | Warr: water, cover it the pro- cess to keep the steam train the | diguid threugh a fine or strainer: add a peck of salt previously well dis. | solved in warm pounds | of ground rice boiled to a thin paste | and stirred in boiling hot: half pound | pf powdered Spanish whiting and a! pound of glue which has been pre wiously dissolved over a slow fire, and | pdd five gallons hot water to the mix- | 4ure, stir well and let it stand for a} few days covered from the dirt. Strain | garefully and apply with a spray | pump. It should be pul on hot There | 3 nothing that can compare with it for outside or inside work. and it re fain: its brilliancy for many years. Coloring matter may be put in and enade of any shade. Spanish brown, Fellow ochre or common clay. pre lowing for in this better and than any v alfected ciaimeda tant, made course it is! srial care 1 Wii Sula BOZZIE, need water, three PROFITABLE EARLY POTATOES. Barly potatoes geem to be doing <ery well on the experimental farms carried on by the Long Island Rail road Company. The land was cleared from forest, as lately described in these columns, and this year some of it is planted to potatoes of the early varieties, "The first digging was on July 8, which is certainly very early for such a backward season, The yield at one of these stations for this early digging was over two hundrad bushels to the acre, which sold readily at $1 to $2.50 a bushel, the lower price being for potatoes on the field without hauling or packing. The No. 2 plot did not »ield so well, the crop ranging about one hundred bushels to the acre. The methods wire the standard anes for carly potato culture. The soil was plowed early and very thor oughly harrowed both ways with dise Barrows. Barnyard masure and wood ashes were used for fertilizers, and ona plot a prepared commercial fertilizer at the rate.of four hundred Pounds to the acre. Frequegt light enitivation was employed and the vines sprayed with bordeaux mixture to prevent blight. These hoavy yields are Interesting fn view of the short crop obtained in mmany parts of Long Island, indicating the importance of early preparation and planting In a dry season, The erop by its earliness seems to have ancaped most of the drought which proved so destructive on many of the Tong Island farms. The frequent cul tivation also did much to hold the R— a Garaep HENS IN A BARN. Visiting the northern part of New York our attention was called to the reconstruction or renovating of a very large barn that had been used for mileh cows and storage of hay. The second floor loft was changed into four very large rooms for the keep- ing of hens; below into three very large rooms and incubator cellar and brooder house. All the larger rooms constructed for the hens had board floors and windows about as in a dwelling house, two in each room to ward the south. The floors of boards were covered deep with straw and chaff. Hooded roosts were built at one side for the hens, a hundred of which were placed in each room. About hens were kept in this building, and not one was permitted | to go out on the ground from the time | they were placed there until the mild weather of spring. These hens were carefully fed egg production, and {from the time they began to lay in | December, up to and including March, | they averaged an almost 55 per cent, (egg yield. This is a new method of gaining winter egg production. | Contrary to the general opinion that ‘hens will not produce well that are i in the story of a on a board floor so far away the ground, the owner of ns informs that they remarkably 1 to health working during tne vinter hens were Wyandottes, Leghe and Plymouth Rocks The expects to increase the number of hens that will be kept manner another This is the third experiment of this kind that he has made, and he is now thoroughly ed that it is a good way to keep hens for a large egg production inter in the cold Northern New York.— wil .g Mtiemar 700 for i cont gecond from us well as and entire ability The rns owner in the same convi in w of Country G GOODFOOD FOR RAPID GROWTH The of the Con necticut man- finds a up per cent hulls, 25 per the balance with skimmilk fed as much as When skim beef scraps and are with satis results, To get a good grade Prof. Graham finds (it to buy whole oats and take them the mill to be ground, thus avoiding the excess of hulls which are 1 most of the boughten feeds finds, more commonly believed. finds learn at hours, if fed at the regular is of spe value in finishing market, caus ing them to put on a very fine quality of of flesh desirable for the choice Where the re to produce most weight poultry Agricultur Prof. C. K oft iepartment ‘ollege. Graham, food 3] aged by very is made 25 per ¢ n ryv oven 1 6 ground oats, grade It soft dough flour, and of bran is mixed to a and will be eaten up quickly milk had, water cannot be used, less Fa ’ of oat, feed, desirable to found Regularity in he than people he feeding, important Birds, like to look for and thrive hotter This food ' chickens BOON meals certain inl for texture sult is merely without ers it doubtful whether any grain will results equal to whole cori regard to texture, he consid: RE-SEEDING GRASS LANDS The maintenance of pasture and meadow lands Is of the greatest im- portance, for it is no easy job to get a fleld so well set that it will yield the maximum amount of grass for several years in succession Some wonder why we have so much trouble now in keeping up a good stand, than we did several years ago. The whole trouble comes in not reseeding. We cut most of our grasses now before the seeds become ripe enough to shat. ter, and for this reason no fresh seeds fall upon the ground, unless sown by hand. The earlier practice of cutting timothy was to wait until the seeds were practically mature. | have seen farmers go so far as to make tight bottoms to their wagon racks, and gather up the seed every noon and night. Of course when grass was cut at this stage, sufficient seed shattered to cover the field. No doubt the stage we now, mow timothy, right after the blossoms fall, is best both as to the quality of the hay, and also the con dition in which it leaves the roots of the plants to withstand the usually dry summer weather, but when the crop is cut before any seeds shatter, reseeding and harrowing should be faithfully done every fall-—L. C, B, Indiana Farmer, ADVANTAGES OF THE DRILL Farmers who uge the drill for seed. ing find In it many advantages over the old method of sowing broadeast With the drill less seed is required, be cause all the seed is covered. Even germination ls secured, because all the seed is in at a given depth, Win. ter wheat will stand thawing and freezing better i drilled in-Indiana Farmer. da———— moisture In the soll.—American Cultf- ator. . Germany holds a record for cocoa | drinking. — mop LL RE —— NO ” CAUSE FOR Uncle Sam—"Cheer up, Wall Street! Can't you sce I'M prosperous?” wre ly pt EE th Me is a Mn — . : ~(artoon from the Atlanta Journal, -~ # ssa namsstnssans aI lve. ————— ———————— ———— COAST DEFENSES LACK TEN THOUSAND MEN Bettsr Opportunities in Civil Life Have Drawn Thousands From Army ~-Commissions Not Taken--Graduates of Technical Schools Ignore Proffer of Second Lieutenancies--Many Vacancies. . Vashington, D. C.— The coast defenses of the United States are facing the most serious condition of recent years. Reports received by the War Department show that with an authorized force of 19,321 men the Coast Artillery on October 15 was able to muster only 8628. Ten thousand re- cruits are needed to fill the ranks, and the question is where to get them. An official report prepared last year in connection with the Aritllery Increase bill showed that the actual strength of the Coast Artillery was 11,450 on October 15, 1808. Congress passed a bill authorizing the addi- tion of 5000 men, but not only have the officials of the army falled to get thesa extra men, but they have lost 2000 of those they had Every month reports are received of men quitting the Coast Artillery to accept more lucrative piaces in civil life. Men of five, ten, fifteen years’ sorvice-—privates, sergeants, first sergeants, non-commissioned staff officers —are leaving by the hi Thelr electrical and mechanical training in the Coast Artillery eapecially fit them for good jobs in civil life Common civillan laborers at military posts are making more money than the highest grade technica n-commissioned officers under whom they are employed. Teamsters, plumbers, firemen, engineers and alec- tricians get rations, quarters, fuel, medical attention, ete., practically all of the allowances of soidiers except uniforms, and in addition they get from $45 to $125 a month for elght hours” work a day. Soldiers performing the same duties at the same posts get from one- third to one-half of the corresponding pay, are subject to all the rigors of military discipline, and are frequently on duty all day and all night More remarkable is the difficulty of getting officers. For the first time fn the history of the army vacancies in the grade of second lleutenant are going begging. The artillery bill of last year anthorized the appointment in the Coast Artillery each year for five years of sixty second lHeutenants The appointments were be made: First, from graduates of West Point; second. from qualified enlisted mon, and third, from civil life grad- uate of technical colleges and schools Invitations were sent to the presi- dents of 125 of the principal technical schools and colleges requesting them to send in the names raduates who desired to be appointed in six months no names have bmitted Eighty-five vacancies in the grade of second lieutenant « indreds. to SMALL GUNS WON JAPAN'S NAVAL VICTORY French Admiral Says Huge Artillery Was Not Effective--Dresadnoughts a Mistake--Light Calibre Guns With Deadly Explosives Won Togo's Success on Fleet Ships eof the Line. Paris, France Admiral Germinet, the newly appointed of the Mediterrancan squadron, commander tolally disagrees with the naval experts of England, Ameriea and countries who advocate the heaviest battleships and the heaviest guns aa most serviceable in future naval warfare He ar- gues for not larger ships and bigger guns, but smaller, fleeter vessels capa- ble of great mobility aud armed with guns of smaller calibre capable of more rapid fire. This, he contends, is tho real lesson of the Russo-Japanese war. The English admiralty, gays, bullt the Dreadnought on a misap- prehension of the reasons of the Japanese successes “Before obtaining complete information,” says the Admiral, “the Eng- lish attributed the Russian disaster to Togo's tactics and the big guns with which his ships were armed It was not true, | have recently obtained the proof from eflicial documents. 1 do not question Togo's ability. 1 say only that the big artillery did not produce the effect expected. At the beginning the Japancse used | londed with a comparatively small quantity of explosive. The their mistake and commenced the manu- facture of shells capable of boldifig an enormous amount of explosive, All their ships carried that ammunition at the battle of Tsushima. To that they owe their victory The projectiles exploding on contact gave off a pro- digious amount of heat, which melted the hardest steel and produced a vol ume of gases which asphyxiated all who breathed it. The gases penetrated the interior of the Russian ships and suffocated men even in the hold, “In the reports from which I obtained this information a case is cited where the ammunition holst suddenly ceased working. Upon examination it was found intact, but every man at the bottom of the hoist was dead, Upon the same ship other he rojectiles soon realized dynamo crew was dead, suffocated to a man, Projectiles exploding against the ship's armor outside had introduced gases which put two big guns out of action and plunged the ship in darkness. It was not that the Japanese shooting was marvelous. It was good. But the efficacy of the projectiles, many of which, by the way, etploded in their flight, was the real secret of the Japanese victory.” Profiting by this experience, Admiral Germinet contends that the French nayy should arm the ships with a good gun capable of firing shells carrying the maximum quantity of explosive. The 305-millimetre gun of the Dreadnought class, he says, cannot do this, as the pressure of the dis charging load would create too much danger of firing the explosive, Must Stop Wasting ir Prosperity is to Continue. Washington, D. C.— After an extensive Investigation of the county's natural resources, conducted in the West at the instance of the Government, Professor J. A. Holmes, Chief of the Technologic Bureau of the Geological Survey, who has just returned, has made an official statement warning the American people that the present prodigious waste of thee resources must stop at once if the country is to continue to prosper. Professor Holmes made the investigation to determine how serious the situation is. He declares that in the mining operations of the present time ! nearly one-half cf the total coal supply is being left under ground; that water as a source of power is being wasted day after day and year after year to the extent of millions of horse power, and that forest fires have burned more lumber than has been used in the building of homes or in the industries. Professor Holmes says that the waste of coal Is appalling. Every possible mcans should be adopted, he declares, for reducing this waste to an absolute minimum, in order that the country's fuel resources may suffices for the future, as for the present needs of the nation. “At the present rate of increase in consumption,” says Mr. Holmes, “the better part of the fuel supply of the country will be gone by the end ‘ of the present century, unless the proper steps are taken." Would Hang Promoters of White-Slave Traffic. Washington, D. C.—That the laws should be altered so as to make the importation of women for immoral purposes a capital offense was emphati- | cally declared by Secretary Straus. A national crusade against the white ' ylave traffic has been inaugurated by the Federal Government, | “Many innocent women and girls are brought to the United States un- dor promise of bettering their conditions,” sald Mr. Straus, “but they are doceived and are made to lead lives of shame. This is one ot the worst crimes known to man, and any one guilty of it should be hanged. ! “In the past it has been impossible to break up the practice of bring- ing women here for immoral purposes, owing to the claim that they had | been here so long that they could not be deported and they were allowed to romain. Under the new rule of assuming they have not been here three years and requiring them to produce proof, the department will be able to send many of them back to thelr homes,” THE SHIP'S Music. | Custom of Band Playing Aboard Orig. inated by Germans. The custom of band playing on mer- *hant ships originated on the German tiners. Afternoon concerts were given by improvised bands, generally re in the steward's department, | same Hans who had split the lapel of one's coat at could be geen earnestly the on and sauce dir in from was murdering “Hell kranz,” or a selection hutz,” These primitive musical progressed like thing else, and today professional or- by steamers, Slegos- | “Freis- | at- | i have every. chestras are no means uncommon | mn enger most conservative of dritish has been obliged to follow suit, and goon it will be impossible to | escape from this the broad Atlantic hard to find for a week of the reach Whether this a floating the { constitutes a) yet to | may be whether | Very ood of harmony on as it now actual and main out at least of Wall street | evolution of the | hotel, with | latter news, steamship into discomforts well its advantages, real Improvenggnt remains led proved, He question asked In all seriousness steamship companies are not now giv. | ing their patrons more than they real ly expect for their money, and certain | it ig that there are many AmMONg of music their dinner in all the of as as as and lovers who cat genuine prefer peace and silence It is said that of the dining vogue owing of the is a lost music could be atmosphere awkward these would to as a feature has . become in prevailing dull music room to the present age Conversa. art and nothing better found to enliven are ness tion than the taining an few, however, who talk to at table is The man making pleasant memories from his not take kindly heartrending notes of “1 Pagliace!” or to Schubert's “Serenade.” The flighty music of become perfectly abhor who has just been ap wireless of enormous nexperienced ing his first trip, who thin of “the gi ft behind him.” become unnerved when the orchestra } main To the splice of while all silence need the estion isance a trip to banish un- i will agreeable facilitate music a positive m to the Puccini n rent to him praised by while losses, the v ha may be ¥ iH rl he le unfeeclingly reminds him that la should e mobile In short, music be restored sea to what it originally | was, Nothing is better than an open- | air on the boat deck on al calm afternoon, but let the atmos phere of the dining room at least re main free save that produced by the clinking of glasses, the popping of corks and the soft] murmur that over an assem- | blage of wellbred folks gently con- versing Shipping Nlustrated, “¥ concert from all melody rises in Maine, cation Game every Indi who From noticed the wardens ih time in by and canoeing In woods, game is just as it was years ago. Notwith ing the deep snow and extreme of the winter the deer wintored well, and there hundreds of young | bucks and which came through the winter and are in the Lest of con. | dition, saye a Maine report The sun. mer was and the deer had ali | the water they wanted in the swamps | without going out the and | streams Hecause of this not as many deer as usual but the animals al corto nearly and have the spend woods, who aer the been Maine . ' plentiful $ LS borated people camping five are hun does wet to lakes geen by canoeing | number indi | are plentiful of | were parties, the seen cates that plentiful, more than deer having in some localities. Young bulls seem | more numerous than usual but few | large bulls have been NOW | York Tribune Moose also are them of been seen | geen Geese on a Spree. Martin Beck, a farmer on the Conewaga Hills, related a story while attending market this morning to the effect that three of his geese went on a disgraceful after having | eaten some pulp from 4 cider mill Some after the eating of the pulp the peculiar actions of the fowls attracted the attention of the farm- er. They swaved from side to side and cackled hoarsely. Finally one by one they fell limp and apparently dead. Mrs. Beek carried the fowls into the house with the intention of pluck. ing them, believing that they were dead. She had about half finished the first when she detected a quiver in the body and dropped the goose in astonishment. Soon after the geese revived. The farmer then realized what had happened. The pulp, lying in the sun, had fer mented and his poultry had been In. dulging in sprees upon the sand York (Pa) Dispatch to the Baltimore American. EDroe time “Jack Tar” Newspapers. Several of the big ships in the United States Navy have their own newspapers. On board the Kentucky fs printed The Kentucky Budget, a semi-monthly paper. The Louisiana is responsible for The Pelican, which 48 issued monthly. The battieship Ohlo has The Buckeye. The West Virginia boasts of The Ditty Box. The Badger is printed monthly on the Wisconsin, All of the above papers are issued by the enlisted men of the ships, The alm of each is identical «to make life aboard the ship more agreeable, and to give the friends in civil life an outline of naval doings An Unfulfitled Warning. Sir William Ramsay's career affords an interesting study to those who be- lHeve in the forces of heredity. Both on his father's and mother's side his relations are scientists Curiously enough chemistry was the very last subject which his educational advis ers recommended should occupy his attention, Mr. Ramsay, Bir William's father took his son one day to Pro- fessor Anderson, then of chemistry at Glasgow University, In order_to talk the boy's “Whatever vou do don't make the jad “the {too To scientific professor over future, aid the professor, a chemist,” s re many few the y blanks the profession too in however the prize with the trie spirit world's ylanks are often and &i was laboratory pra shing his as a f{ studies ull in blown the Soil of One County. Sioux Coun- Its land and at least unrecognized, Now the the county has just com- abstract of returns vari From Thirty-s ty, lowa Was its auditor even Years ago & faa gellied, wins first then wild valueless- value was of an the assess the of inty, pleted from ous township results ors’ books the and the axample thrift and 8 of the o« marvellous production from show a wealth industry J The farm land of the county, valued about one-half its worth, is placed £20 000 000, at at There pianos the worth $25,000 80.000 hog: are on the county There are ty, about four for each There 16,560 sheep and 14,000 horses are E0000 hes oO th o $75 000.000. ar New The we f the co % “ ths ¥y more than World ¢ abl that Great Cave Discovered. gold recent] in the about geles, Cal, Two covered prospectors tains, markable While Lang they found entered. cavern, BATT into w anc great tent, studde stalactites is difficul af that it wall of one rude some als obliterated, but others still clear. incidents of chase, foot pursuing bear, deer and other animals. --Pittsburg Dispatch » ered with The the drawings represent rr Indians on showing Cure, Not Prevention. laborer in eastern Indiana died and the members of the in which be held ip called upon his widow to find most assist. hey made all for the order attending but before upon details for the obsequies they ired to know if the had church affiliation belong to A recently fra order mem- ey might th be of ance in her distress rrangements he funeral, he settling in a t the final deceased special “1 vour husband aked said any WAS woman, in nothin’ the as “he never ne church fur” The Monkey's Escape. With a swift gulp the crocodile geizes the monkey in 18 jaws “What are you trying to do?” chat. the monkey “1 am going to dine—on you,” saye the crocodile. “Ha, ha!” “Go ahead. There is a nature faker in the jungle, and he vou. Inside of two months the world will be eriti- cising lim and you, and the prepond- erance of anthority will be that yon are a vegetarian. Then, when you are captured fof a zoo, no more fresh laughs the monkey. will see Realizing the weight of the argo ment. the crocodile releases its hold, and the monkey hastens away. —Chil- cago Post. England and India. Nothing is more depressing 10 those who really care for India than the ignorance and indifference of Eng- lish people concerning the major part of their fellowsubjects. When it is remembered that more than half the King's subjects are Hindus, and that in India and Burma, out of every 2% people, 21 are Hindus, § Mohamme- dans, and 2 miscellaneous (th> third of one person being a Christian. na- tive or European), it seems hardly necessary to insist upon th? import ance of knowing something at least about Hindu life and ideas; yet few there be that realize it—London Athe. naeum. a Volume of the Shrinkage. The tremendous decline in the wal ues of stocks and bonds during the past seven months Is estimated by Chandler Bros, & Co. at over $5000, 000,000. In most years this shrinkage in the borrowing capacity of the hold. ers of these securities—though, of course, not all are held speculatively ~~would have relieved the banking gltuation so that money would be cheap. This year the expansion in other directions has been so great that the banking situation is now worse than it was seven months ago. Moody's Magazine. Wollskin makes the best drumhead. and of the brighter side of naval life.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers