VOL. LXXVI.
20, 1903.
NO. 33.
was ushered in by a tremendous burst
of musketry on Culps Hill. It has
continued incessantly up to this hour,
The roar is deafening. The twelfth
corps is trying to drive the enemy out
of our works, that they have occupied
since last evening. All interest is now
centered on Culps Hill.
July 3, 9a, m.
The heavy fighting still continues
on Culps Hill. It is believed that our
troops are forcing the Rebels back.
July 3, 11 a. m.
Great cheering is heard, mingled
with the firing on Culps Hill. Itis
believed that our men are gaining
ground,
CENTRE COUNTY
IN THE CIVIL WAR.
148th Regiment, Pennsylvania
Volunteers.
By IT. P. Meyer, Sergeant Co. A., 148th
~ Regiment, P. V.
{To be Continued .}
CHAPTER 1V,
We will now reproduce some of the
telegrams sent to the press and the
Government during the battle. These
will give the stages of the battle and
the condition of suspense and anxiety
at the time better than anything
written since the battle.
Gettysburg, July 1, 11 a. m.
Gen. Reynolds, commanding the
first corps, Army of the Potomac, has
just been killed. His body was
brought inte town in an ambulance,
July 1,11 a. m.
Wadsworth’s Division of the first
corps, is at this moment engaged with
the enemy. The fight seems to be
concentrated around McPherson's
woods, a mile and a half from town.
The firing is heavy and continuous
Many wounded are coming into town.
Our citizens are greatly excited. Many
are hiding their valuables and leaving
the town.
July 8d, 11:30 a. m.
Our troops have succeeded in driv-
ing the enemy out of our works on
Culps Hill, and our whole line is once
more intact, Every one is rejoicing.
July 3, 12:30 noon.
Some important movement is evi-
dently taking place opposite our left
centre. The enemy isseen concentrat-
ing on Seminary Ridge, and placing a
great number of batteries in position.
July 8, 1:30 p. m.
An appalling artillery duel is now
in progress. It extends over a line, a
mile in length, The enemy opened
with all their artillery and were
promptly replied to by a hundred guns
from our side. The heavens are filled
with bursting shells and screaming
The roar is awful,
July 3, 5:00 p. m.
The cannonade continues. The de-
struction is awful. We can see from
the cemetery, caissons exploding and
cannon being dismounted in all direc-
tions. The scene, though awful, is
sublime. The firing is, at this mo-
ment abating and on our side is almost
suspended,
July 1, noon.
The first corps passed here, crossing
the flelds, is hurrying to the front. It
- is rumored that other corps of the
Army of the Potomac are near at hand.
July 1, 12:30 p. m.
Gen. Howard has passed through
the town and gone to the front. The
eleventh corp 8 is now coming up. It
is difficult to get reliable news from
the front but it is believed that our
troops are holding their own.
July 1, 1 o'clock.
The firing is very heavy now and
seems to becoming nearer to the town,
missiles,
July 8, 3:15 p. m.
A great attack is now being madeon
our left centre by a powerful column
of rebels. We can see them advancing
Their lines are half a mile
They have a mile to march
All of our
artillery has now opened upon them,
and we can see them falling in hun
dreds. Ins few minutes they will
strike our live, and the fight will be
at close quarters,
Streams of the wounded are pouring
into the town by the Chambersburg
road, and the fields are covered with
in hosts
in length.
them. Shells are seen bursting in the | before they strike our line
vicinity of the Beminary
seems alive with exploding missiles,
July 1, 2 o'clock.
under
and the air
The eleventh Gen,
Sharz, isnow engaged with the enemy.
The firing is extendiog all around to
the right of the town. Our citizens
are terrified and know not where to fly,
Many of the wounded aredying In the
streets,
corps,
July 3, 4:30 p. m.
The battle is over and the rebel lines
hurled back in wild disorder. We
have won u great victory. The fleld
is covered with rebel dead and wound-
ed. Wild cheers ring out from all
parts of our lines. Thousands of Reb-
el prisoners are being brought in : the
rejoicing among our men is indeserib-
able, *
July 1, 2:30 p. m.
It is reported that Gen. Roy Stone's
brigade is slimost annihilated.
July 1, 3 p. m.
It is rumored that Hall's battery has |
been eaptured by the enemy. Two
Mississippi regiments have been cap-
tured and have passed through town
to the rear,
-
July 3, 10:00 p. m.,
The field in front of the Second
Corps, where the brunt of the attack
fell, is covered with Rebel dead. The
slaughter on both sides has been aw-
ful. Our men are gathering in the
wounded, many of whom must die
during the night for want of care. Our
artillery suffered greatly in today's
fight. Nearly half the guns slong the
frout of the Second Corps were dis
mounted, and nearly all the ealssons
blown up. One battery had ninety.
four horses out of one hundred killed.
July 1, 8:80 p. m,
Hall's batiery has been retaken by
our troops, Btreams of wounded are
still pouring into town.
July 1,4 p. m.
The firing around Beunner’s Hill is
very heavy. Our army is believed to
be falling back and the fighting is
getting nearer. There is intense excite
ment among our citizens.
July 1, 4:30 p. m.
It is feared the first and eleventh
corps have been defeated. They are
now hurryiog through the town, ar-
tillery and infantry in wild confusion,
Our citizens are terror stricken.
July 1, 5:30 p. m.
The town of Gettysburg is now in
the hands of the enemy and I send
this dispatch by messenger to “Two
Taverns.”
Every thing is now quiet and pro-
found silence reigns over the field, ex-
cepting the moans of the wounded and
the rumbling of the ambulances,
bringing in the wounded.
Not a light is visible along the ene
my's lines; but sounds of moving
trains and artillery are constantly
heard. The men are worn out by
three days fatigue and fighting and
have settled down in sleep. Whole
brigades are lying in line of battle,
sleeping soundly, the dead and the
living mingled together,
The heavy rains following every
great battle were upon ys in great
earnest, so that if we were not wet and
steaming with perspiration we were
soaked in the rain, It must be borne
in mind that we wore the same heavy,
woolen uniforms, underwear and all,
in the hottest summer or coldest
winter weather, save only an overcoat.
When blankets and tents were rain.
soaked the weight of our luggage was
greatly inoreased,
After a long and wearisome night of
darkness, gloom and doubt the morn.
ing of July 6th, 1864, dawned wet and
rainy. Our advancing skirmishers
found that the Confederate army had
left their positions and were in fll re.
treat, toward “(Old Virginia,” by the
same roads they had come.
July 1, 5:30 p. m.
Gen. Hancock arrived on the fleld
an hour ago and seems to have re-
stored confidence in our troops. He is
busy forming new lines of battle and
ft is believed we can hold the new
position,
July 2,7 a. m.
Firing has commenced on our left.
It is believed to be on the Emmets-
burg Road, in the vicinity of Bherfy's
farm.
July 2, 10:30 a. m.
The firing ou our left continues, Our
troops are busy fortifying their lines
and are in good spirits, .
I July 2, 3:30 p. m,
The firing on our left is becoming
serious. Crashes of musketry mingled
with some artillery firing.
July 2,5 p. m.
The fighting on our left in at this
moment terrible and extends along
the Emmettsburg Road to Sherfy's
farm and the Devils Den. Little
Round Top is enveloped in smoke and
heavy firing is heard coming from the
woods in that direction. The fire
seems to be extending along the entire
line. Just now a tremendous erash of
musketry is heard on Culps Hill,
July 2, 7p. m,
The day Is drawing toa close but
the fighting still continues without
any abatement. Since shortly after
three o'clock there has been one con-
Peceuliner Wreck,
A peculiar accident happened to the
freight engine one day last week when
approaching Spring Mills, It appears
the two middle drive wheels left the
rails and thus the engine van for a
hundred feet or more when the
wheels left the track, the engineer
threw on the air-brake and the crew
jumped for their lives. On removing
the heavy rails, they curled up in all
shapes, which demonstrated the won-
derful strain on them,
for Fertilizer—
PART 1.—BY |
In propagating nitrogen-breathin
bacteria by the billion and shipping
them, without impairing their vital-
ity, to all parts of the United States to
be used in multiplying the yield of
crops from 100 to 1000 per cent, and
in adding lasting fertility to the soil,
the United States Government has
brought about a great achievement in
science. It is declared to be a wonder-
ful thing even by progressive experts,
It isa triumph which, those who
know say, means the regeneration of
the earth. It has passed the experi-
mental stage, and the United States
KE
numerable armies from the laboratories
in Washioglon, where they are re-
cruited, to levy upon the infinite BU p-
ply of nitrogen in the air and convert
it to the uses of mankind. Significant
as the work of these bacteria will be in
stimulating plant productivity and in
renewing depleted soils, it will be
equaled if not eclipsed by their further
service of imparting to foodstufls the
albuminoids and proteids which are of
primary importance in the diet of
human beings and animals.
“That the agricultural future of the
world is to depend on minute creatures
reared by the American Government
may sound incredible,” said a Wash-
ington scientist, “but experts through-
out the world have been eagerly await.
ing results of our experiments, Many
tests abundantly prove our claims.
The world’s problem in agriculture
has been to secure available nitrogen
for plant life. It has been known to
students of agriculture that bacteria
on the roots of legumes enabled them
to absorb nitrogen from the air. The
effort to cultivate these bacteria, and
to invent a method by which they
could be preserved and transported, to
be used by farmers for the inoculation
of seed crops, has absorbed the scien-
tific attention of one branch of the
United States Government for over a
year. Now we have mastered the
mystery of growth of these microscopic
friends of husbandry, and we are pre-
pared to introduce a factor destined to
revolutionize the whole field of Amer.
can agriculture.”
Henceforth, the farmer, if he
chooses, can get his fertilizing ma-
terial in miniature packages by mail,
instead of by the ton and wagon-load.,
Under the microscope a colony of these
orgaoisms, which to the naked eye
forms a speck the size of a pin head, is
found to contain hundreds of thou.
sands of individuals. Ten million can
be held in a thimble, In tiny oblongs
of ubsorbent cotton—just the size and!
appearance of a cake of yeast—fifteen
million of these nitrogen-breathing
bacteria are shipped to farmers. One
of these small packages contains
enough to furnish complete fertiliza. |
tion for an acre. In the pockets of an
ordinary working suit a farmer can
readily carry 160 packages, containing
£,400,000,000 bacteria, enough to en-
rich the soil aud vastly increase the
yield on a quarter-section of land.
The Government's process for ship-
pended animation in the bacteria, The
farmer revives them by immersing
them in water. The quickening of
their activity by this baptism is mar-
velous. They are then fed on certain
nutrient salts, whereupon the phe-
nomenon of their amazing increase in
numbers is believed to be unparalled
in nature. Beans, clover, cowpeas, al-
falfa, lupine, peas, lentils, esparcette,
vetches, lathyrus, peanuts and other
Note From Kansas,
Miss Margaret E. Keller, who holds
& position with the Beall Grain Com.
pany, Kansas City, recently writes
the Reporter ; This has been the most
disagtrous flood record that this coun
try has ever had. The loss to the grain
trade alone being millions of dollars,
to say nothing of the great loss to life
and personal property. There were
thousands of cars of grain standing on
track, some of them being totally sub.
merged, while some stood only half
way in water. Nome of the elevators
i this eity, in which were stored thou.
sands and thousands of bushels of
grain, stood from twenty to thirty
feet in water, the grain being a total
loss. You coyld anly fully realize the
#ituation, to hmve been here on the
ground yourself ; efforts fail, when one
tries to tell of the great destruction.
The cities of Argentine and Armour.
dale suburbs of Kansas City which
were swept entirely away, you might
#ny, are belong rebuilt and people are
in the filth,
tions, as it will be impossible for ten
years to come to put those cities baok
IAROLD BOLCE.
| plants require different bacteria. The
Government gives full directions as to
| the kind of organisms to be used and
lin regard to the processes of inocula-
| tion. If directions are carefully fol-
{lowed by the farmer, the increase of
his crops in poor soil will be, as stated,
(100 to 1000 per cent. Clover in a de-
| pleted soil that was producing only
{200 pounds to the acre yielded as high
as 2000 pounds on the same area after
the nitrogen-breathing bacteria were
introduced to aid the plants,
All the far-reaching benefits of the
Government's discovery will be con-
ferred without price upon the farmers
of America. It is believed that when
the possibilities of these nitrogen-
gathering organisms are realized, their
introduction throughout the United
States will rival the enormous activity
of seed distribution itself. To meet
the inevitable dermnand, the Govern-
ment is greatly elaborating its labora-
tory facilities,
It with a platinum spade no
larger than a flattened pin that the
United States Government is cutting
the way to the enrichment of Amer-
ican soll,
in
The new laboratories for the rearing
of these nitrogen-breathing organisms
will be similar to those in which the
discoveries have been made. The work
is carried on in great glass cages, the
air in which is supplied through flues
Hoed and covered at the point of inlet
with eotton saturated with sterilizing
chemicals, The walls of the compart.
ments are washed down frequently
with of mercury It is
necessary to exclude every atom of
fungi and every malignant microbe
that might attack the microscopic
bacteria under development, and
hence the air of the laboratories is
purged of all noxious forms of life and
rendered perfectly sterile,
bichloride
[n this pure
future of American agriculture,
It is there that the platinum spade is
#0 serviceable. At one side of the in-
vestigator burns an oxyhydrogen light,
Holding the implement by its wooden
handle, the platinum is plunged into
the fierce flame. The metal, which
does not fuse in the intense beat, is
instantly freed of any organism that
might have elung to it from preceding
experiments. The nodules of legumes
containing colonies of bacteria are then
opened, the individuals dug out and
studied under lenses which magnify
the bacteria to 3000 times their natural
#ize, By using the platinum imple.
ment first plunged into purifying
flame, possibility of mixing the bac-
teria is avoided, as the organisms are
prevented from being carried over
from one experiment to another.
Having classified the bacteria under
examination asthe species adapted to
clover, vetches, beans or other plants,
the organisms are fed upon the special
nutrient salts which repeated tests
{bave shown to be favorable to their
increase. German investigators, oper-
ating along similar lines, sought to
rear the bacteria on sections and de-
coctions of the plant which, in their
| free state, they naturally select. This
proved to be a failure, for though the
| creatures grew, the super-abundance
| of nitrogenous food served them ren-
| dered them incapable of longer gather-
| ing it from the atmosphere, The mis-
taken method produced hearty-looking
| bacteria but led to atrophy of the fac-
|ulty that makes them valuable to
| agriculture,
| Btate College, and work will be com-
| menced on it immediately. This edi-
fice Is intended for the use of the base
| ball and foot ball teams, together with
all the other athletic olubs of the Col-
lege. When teams or other athletic
clubs come to Btate College this is the
place they will be entertained.
The building will be a frame truct-
ure 33x84 feet, three stories high, It
will contain a kitchen, dining room
and parlor, together with bath rooms
containing the very latest and most
Improved appliances. It will have in
it » number of sleeping apartments
which will be used in entertaining
their guests. It is that is
badly needed and will have the effect
of making athletios more a feature of
the College,
Make no Deductions,
No deductions need be made from
the story that Rev. W, F, D. Noble, a
Methodist minister located at Snyder-
town, while out walking recently,
came across a den
THAT ROAD LAW,
Estimated Cost of Roads Frightens Farm.
ers From Applytug for Ald.
From all accounts the money appro-
priated in this State for good roads is
likely to remain in the State treasury.
The Wilkesbarre “Record” as an illus-
tration comments on the unwillingness
of township authorities to apply for
Btate aid, by the statement that the es-
timated cost of the roads to be con-
structed is $5,000 per mile. Of this
sum the State would pay $3,384, the
county $833 and the township $833.
The townships are unable or unwil-
ling to tax themselves to the extent
required, and in consequence the law
is likely to remain a dead letter until
amended or repealed.
The truth of the matter is the speci-
fications laid down by the state author-
ites are of such a nature that the cost of
construction, even with the state aid,
is beyond the reach of the townships
in the rural districts, The thought of
Potter township, for instance, build-
ing $5000-a-mile-road would not be en-
tertained by the most progressive.
That township has probably one hun-
dred miles of road, and to construct
roads at the rate of $5000 per mile,
would mean the bonding of the town-
ship for as many thousand dollars as
there are miles of road,
It must be remembered that the
greater portion of the county tax
comes direct from the rural districts,
To build roads, the county tax would
at once be raised to.a point beyond en-
durance.
————————_——
An Object of Contempt
The following is being printed in
the local newspapers, because there is
not a village that does not have a com-
plement of street loafers. The writer
of the article, however, forgot to say
that the parents are responsible for
this condition of their children. The
Average parent has a responsibility
that is too lightly regarded. Hear
about the street loafer:
The street loafer is an object of con-
tempt everywhere. He has no social
standing anywhere. His influence, if
he is so fortunate to have any, is al
ways in the wrong direction. No one
has ever found out what he is good
for except that of being in everybody's
way. He is considered a common nui.
sauce for which no one has found a
successful remedy. No successful bus-
iness man will employ any one hang-
ing around on the street corners. The
boy who ean find nothing to do but
loaf around the street would not be of
very great value to his employer,
When you have nothing else to do
you should spend your time in tryiog
to learn something that will be a ben-
efit instead of spending it in idleness,
You are watched just as closely when
you are at work as you are when you
are not working. Business men sare
on the lookout for boys of energy and
thrift. A position is always ready for
this kind of a boy. A street loafer
does not want to work and could not
get a position if he wanted it.
LOCALS,
Miss Mabel Arney last week went to
Northumberland where she is being
entertained by Miss Leisher, daughter
of James Leisher, formerly of this
place,
Dr. MeCluney Radcliffe, of Philadel-
phia, arrived in town Saturday. Mon-
day he returned to Miffiin county
where, with his wife and daughter, he
will spend some time.
W. A. Bandoe, Jr., is now located at
Pittsburg. On returning to Cincinnati,
after his visit to his parents at this
place, a short time ago, he immediate.
ly came back to the Bmoky City.
While George Cunningham, was
driving over the mountain to Altoona
a large panther attacked his team.
Cunningham shot at the panther, but
killed his horse. The panther escaped.
Mr. and Mrs. George W. Tressler,
of near Penns Cave, Saturday stopped
at the Reporter office on their way to
the home of Felix Bhuey, at Shiloh,
who lives on one of the well kept farms
in that locality and is the father of Mrs.
Tressler. Mr. and Mrs. Tressler be-
long to the present day frugal ¢ lass of
farmers who make farming pay.
Mrs. Myra Kerr and daughter Miss
Kathryn and son William, about
October 1st, will go to Chicago to take
Up permanent residence in that city,
Miss Kerr has secured a position in
the Elgin public schools, near Chicago.
Mrs. Kerr has a son who has been
living in Chicago for several years,
and itis bis purpose to again unite
with the Kerr family.
Mrs. C. A. Bpencer, of Carwensville,
‘was Lhe guest of W. H. Bartholomew,
her uncle, last week. Mrs. Bpencer is
A sister of Miss Anna Bartholomew,
and will remain in Centre
til the
the intention of
from Curwensville to
TOWN AND COUNTY NEWS,
HAPPENINGS OF LOCAL INTEREST
FROM ALL PARTS.
Mrs. John Mullen, of Allegheny
City, accompanied by her little son, is
visiting her brothers and sisters in this
place,
A. J. Reesman last week received a
fine line of heaters, ranges and eook
stoves. The designs are new and
pretiy.
Dairyman W. J, Smith has one of
the finest herds of cows in this section,
and besides are well fed and well
groomed.
Jeflries remains the champion prize
fighter. Corbett was knocked out in
the tenth round in the combat Friday
night in Ban Francisco.
Mrs. Laura Bricker and Mrs, Harry
E. Bhirk, both of Boalsburg, drove to
Centre Hall last week and were the
guests of Mr, and Mrs. B. DD. Brisbin.
The apple erop throughout the Unit-
ed Btates is a large one, Cold storage
space in the larger cities is being ea-
gerly sought in advance of harvesting
the crop.
Bidney Reish, brother of James
Reish of the Potters Mills hotel, paid
his brothers in Centre county a visit,
He is engaged on a street railway in
Pittsburg.
General John P. Taylor, of Reeds
ville, was one of fifteen persons who
went from Mifflin county to San Fran-
cisco to attend the Grand Army Enp-
Campment,
Mrs. Clayton McKinney, of Altoo-
na, whose husband is employed in the
car shops in that place, in company
with her two children is visiting her
old home at Potters Mills.
Adam Krumrine, of Tusseyville, was
unfortunate in losing a Young horse
valued at $150. The animal was one
of a pair of well mated colts purchas-
ed from Joel Kerstetter, at this place,
Mrs. McGeehan, wife of Dr. W. A.
McGeehan, of Eastbrook, Lawrence
county, is visiting among friends in
Centre Hall. Dr. McGeehan, several
years ago, practiced his profession in
this place and proved to be a skilled
physician,
Milton Walker, of Penn Hall, was
admitted to the Bellefonte Hospital
Wednesday of last week, suffering
with appendicitis. He was operated
upon, the operation being quite suc-
cessful and is reported as getting
along nicely.
Mrs. W. A. Bandoe and daughter
Helen, of this place, Saturday went to
Burnham where they remained over
Sunday with Mr. and Mrs. Porter W.
Odenkirk, and Monday proceeded to
MifMlin. Before returning they will
£0 to Harrisburg.
A state charter was issued to the
MifMlinburg Buggy Company of
Mifflinburg, for the manufacture and
sale of vehicles, capital, $30,000. Di-
rectors, H. F. Blair, R. B. Gutelius, H.
B. Young, D. L. Glover H. P. Glover
and W. B. Sterling,
Mrs. J. Emory Hoy and daughter
Elizabeth, of Philadelphia, Baturday
returned from a visit to the Hoy fami-
ly at State College to Centre Hall,
where they will remain for several
weeks with Mrs. Hoy’s parents, Mr.
and Mrs. W, B. Mingle.
The good work William Bilger did
in building the abutments for the
Bpring Mills bridge across Penns Creek
no doubt accounts for the action of the
county commissioners in giving him a
similar contract for a county bridge
across Pine Creek, Harris township.
Miss Laura Runkle, of Centre Hall,
for the past ten days has been in Potts-
grove, where she is being entertained
by a former school friend, Mrs. Wm.
Finkle, nee Katie McCool. Before re-
turning home the latter part of this
week, Miss Runkle will visit Mrs. John
Deitrick, of Milton.
Mr. and Mrs. Emmit Labar and
niece, of Lestershire, New York, were
the guests of Mr. and Mrs, Olie D, Sto-
ver, in this place. Mr. Labar is a bar-
ber and with his wife, whois the sis-
ter of Mrs. Stover, came to Centre
county to compare mountain scenery
and visit among friends.
Mrs. B. H. Arney and Mrs. A. J.
Reesman were summoned to Tyrone
last week on account of the serious ill-
ness of their sister, Mrs. Lydia Smith,
who is suffering with poeumonia,
From last reports her condition waa
had been left to Miss Wilson
her lifetime. Mr. Love is
has
planing mill and
a Blau A short ti
ler d ketry, to what they once were, and to where
tinual roar of artillery and mus y sani a to |
4 July 8,6 a. m,
The battle i on again. Daybreak
of copper head
n Harrisburg, but
A SAO.
Bend the news to the Reporter.
snakes aud dispatched thity-nine of