FARM AND GARDEN NOTES. INTEREST ON AGRICUL- TURAL TOPICS, NOTES OF Cather First Run Sap--Tin Cans in the Garden--Exercise is Necessary for Cows ~.Look For the Oyster Shell Scales Ete, Etc Cather the First Run of Sap. As soon fs sufficient sap has run, the zathering is commenced, for the quick sr it ean be converted into syrup after leaving the tree the better. It is just as possible to make choice sugar or syrup from oll sap as it is to make fancy cheese from tainted milk. In order to remove all foreign substances the sap is strained three times before reaching the fire. Ohio Experience. Tin Cans in the Carden in early gardening old tin cans come : They should be melted | string or | box very handy. apart and held together by a ord fastening. Take a shallow about six inches deep, and set as many rans in as possible, then fill each with | rich soil. When time to plant, place the box in a warm place and plant the When it is time to your house-grown plants in the garden, make holes in your beds to the depth of the e¢ans, Place the cans in these holes and cut ihe string. Fill in around it with loose dirt, spread the efin a litttle and slip it} yut over the plant without disturbing | ihe roots. Pants set out in this way | will not suffer from transplanting. The cans used/one season can be laid away for the pext. weeds in the cans. transplant or set | Exercise Necessary for Cows. Aecording to an authority, the tuber- edie bacillus is generally taken into the | animal system through inhalation and | finds lodgment in the throat and langs. A moderate amount will | frequently such action of the] Inngs as to distroy the gern when, if allowed to remain quiet, even in < well. | ventilated stable, the same germ would | grow and and tuber vulosis, because was no impedi ment to its developement. The will stand feeding with danger to the mammary lands if onable exerci of exer ise Cause develop Cause there COW | higher less reas se is given. Look Out for the Oyster Shell Scale. The oyster-shell scale has been very injurious in some orchards All scales through transformation from the egg to maturity, and there ¢ aften vast differences between oales and females, The <cale can be discovered from others hy te great length in proportion to its width. The minute eggs batch into running larvae, whieh, if females, soon form scales under which they are manently fixed. In this position they injure the trees by sucking the sap. The best remedy is spraying with ker ouine emulsion about the last of May and again early in June, pass great the oyster-shell per Testing Seed Before Planting. One thing the farmer and gardener should neglect, to thoroughly test all seed planting. This should be done a month or before panting time. A large shallow box filled with soil will be sufficient room for testing all the seed put in on the average farm. Select the seed promis cuously from: the bulk, carefully count ng each variety apd taking note of it. Plant the seed the natural depth, and set the box in a warm place, under the kitehen stove being warm and out of the way. During the day the box should be set before a southern w indow so ag to get the sun. Ag soon as all the seed, or as many as will sprout, are up, count the plants and compare with the number of seed planted. If justified in concluding that the test has been fair in every way, the plants can be pulled” up and de stroyed and their room used in making | tests of other seed. By using this test box, much ium amd labor will be 11! your gced is useless you will know it and purchase new and fertile seed. If only half the seed germinate you will know in what quanity to plant in order | to have the plants the required thick ness. It is but little trouble, and the | inconvenience of having the box around in the way will be more than | counterbalanced by the knowledege | gained. Knowing exactly what to ex- | peet from the seed planted, will gave | time for the farmer and gardener when time is money to him. -Farm, Field | and Fireside. not is before “0 useless saved, The Cow in Winter. We have fed millet, hay and mangles with good results, Mangles should be | grown more for stock than they are. They grow very large in a good season, | and it is not much work to grow them. | They should be planted in the spring, | when the ground gets warm, in rows far enough apart so that they may be | cultivated with a horse and cultivator, | states a writer in The Epitomist, They i should be dug in the fall befor a hard | freeze. If one makes a practice of | growing roots for stock he should make a good outdoor cellar, or pit, to keep them in. He should also possess a good root cutter, for it is a good deal of work to cut roots with a knife, Milch cows, when fed mangles, will give more milk and make more butter than when they are only fed hay. As soon as cold storms begin to come the sews should be provided with a shelter, or there will be a shortage in their milk. This means a great loss of money, for it is a hard matter to re store the usual flow when there has Cows should milked regularly, Milking later than usual, or perhaps, skipping a milking entirely, will surely dry up cows, and as I mentioned be fore, it wil be almost impossible to get them to give their usual quanity again (f one wishes to make cows profitable, he should use them with kindness, pro vide good shelter, good feed and plenty of water, have regular hours for milk ing and feeding, and the cow should po milked by the same person all the time, If the are to start with, and these rules followed they will surely pay. be COWS SOO are — Difficult Churning. A correspondent wishes to Know Ww “tive butter won't come.” He has Jersey in May, other in harvest time, He feeds good hay twice a day, fodder once a day and a ration of corn and hs Twi cows, one fresh thie good onts chop twice a day. Keeps the cream in in the thermometer to insure SUCCess, but for | the last two weeks can get no butter after churning several hours there be ing nothing in the churn but froth. The trouble is the cream Is too vis cid. There is a gummy product in il bub | bles. and also holds the butter globules | go they are not impacted by the concus Most of this is doubtless due t« the the sion. the milk. been giving mixed have were time if COWS milk witl ned and churn easler, Setting the pans | on the until the milk begins erinkle on top, then putting it in a cool | place for the cream to rise, times resorted to. Skimming stove SOI the is off i thoroughly agitating it and letting the cream rise again takes out much of the material, Feeding bran stend of corn and oats has also helped Using a seperator and re in such cases, moving the gummy product by foree | is of course the way where the dairy | is large enough to warrant the exXpens but in this case the other expedients be tried. The difficulty cows are fresh again | must will dis he appear when t at a higher temperature than the usual degree. This cause grain a poorer body of ttle off in body Is It veral degrees warm 4 but butter a li = than no butter. may be nec to churn s«¢ n with milk from fresh cows ered il in American Agriculturall Varieties of Corn. indian corn this country, the wide reg : fey ix fe fs exclusively which it is adapted has modified there are man) All of them probably or i ) teristics so that st ios ated in that curious product, the which each seed is This curiosity, husk corn, in closed in a pod. variety is now | only known though served a Aas a valuable purpose in presery + single grains from destruction | the proper time came fot them in New ETOW our Northern States, ially in England, what is both swwet corn and popoort | 1 Wi poi are grown to a considerable extent, an for corn fodder the Western or South i Dent preferred, though late in ripening it yields mor orm corn is boca gs be got f than g of of the early varioties tons per acre can There is a wide Wi any spread popular belief that Dent © having larger cars wil yield more thar | the harder and early Flints. But it} both are kept until spring the soft Den variety does not look nearly so large as it did while moist. the The census siatis 3 tics prove that largest yields of tion near the northern limit of con production, Vermont showing a large: yield per acre than any of the Souther States, There is reason for this in the fac that there is more sunlight betwee: March 21 and September 21 the far ther north go. Wherever there it a season warm enongh to ripen cori the more concentrated the heat Is the better will be the crop, and the highe the quality, All the hard grained varie ties of corn, such as the Flint and pop corn. originate in the north. The make a richer and better meal than th { we will keep with less difficulty withow Continued inbreeding of corn, select ing the seed. from stalks which bea two or more large ears, will greatl) increase the productivencss of an} variety, This is yearly practiced by many old farmers who leave part of tw husk at the butt of the ear to braid it torether. If hung in the smoke house or beside an open chimney, sucl corn will soon acquire a fine, nutt) flator that makes it much more palata The squirrel, and also rats and mice, appre ciate the best corn, and if put wu where they can reach it they will ea of the starchy portion, together witl the bran or outer husk, This refus corn, after the germ is taken out, is good for nothing except to make poo. bog feed. Rats and mice soil the cor as they eat into it, but the squirre leaves the poorer portion uneaten with out leaving his excrement upon it. Th germ contains gluten and more of thy phosphates than can be found in ang other part of the corn plant, Ameri can Cultivator, During (he past season the visitor to Abbotsford, Scotland, numbere above 8.000, being nearly 1,000 mon than last year, A Liverpool physician has discovere: pren a shrinkage. the bacillus of pink-eye in horses. EN. SOUTH AFRICAN NATIVES MACNIFI CENT SPECIMENS OF HUMANITY, grown Children The Zulu's Remarkable “Cape Smoke” Is, there are NDALIVEeS Zambesi have lived will cheer assert that tribes of Statisticians 1.151 distinctive South Africa south of the Most persons who part of the world River in that dialects and differences aught. Rough sriesses place the pumber of natives 2 (00.000 to 10,000,000, but, as no one Knows number. due to the natives, if count for low the truth at from even ; This of information | roy ing propensities of tae Here to-day, there (0-MoOrrow, it would take a matter of fact approximately lack their i i them all down Edgar Mels, formerly the Johannesburg now contributing this other African articles to Reientifie American; has South African native, to hunt wi lous The i ditor iter of and South News the seen the and nt iid Ne ivilized has seen the native Lis best untainted by the ation and soiled by its through it all believed, and perhaps that BRaflir, Zulu or Basuto or Bechuana or Matabeld any him few Ww sifnte, Fle at gel his worst touch of civ iliz And nl whether is wWiys the SBwazie r Amatonga or or other and bad rds, the Ka an has good Summed up In a thir, in his villzed overgrown child, with childish foibles . ut let him learn lization, let him realize in him, let 1 stnte, Is and shortcomings ii the evil there is him diseoy er that a broad path leading to destruction—and you will find a fully civilized being, as capable in cer the white there is mati. Kaffir is as is It that permitted to dwell ¥ is a fact where the to warn him against | nothing about, ood Christian, even though doctrinal disputes and gher criticism. It with hus mains a g ance, none vices Knows he re § 243d é IR IENGUAaNL oF equally a imbibes knowl and hae he grossly rl 3 4} i Space prevent thie % YE f the tative rs a dis fies WTONEsS OF ii Dave, nul and taint idiosyncrasies blood consumption in iliarities. There Is nO he Zulu Matabel int wii untainted with a 1 thane animal health and con stitut 0 most cases) by the average Kaffir is a en of humanity Zulu is totally unlike a negro as we Know The much specim a the him cle trausparent-—«o rei blood can be th it. That is the Zulu's ill point to his a purebred of the an other geen pride, He w prove that he is real Ethiopian And it is with t Hh Zulu BO he Asx to the morality of the Kaffir its proximity to civilization. The Zulu | ix eminently virtuous, Infraction of the | Then thelr heads are crushed with another stone. Un the other hand, the Hottentot, having been a close companion of the white man, is the most immoral and depraved hu- | man being perhaps in existence. The | Matabeles are moral, so are the Ba. sutos and the Mashonas. The Be- | chuanas are less so, and the Bushmen | rank next to the despised Hottentols. | That the latter are as bad as stated is | evident when the Zulus will not work in the same mine with one Dor sleep | in the same room or graal. i Nearly all the tribes, save the Hot-| tontots and Bushmen, are cleanly, the | Zulus particularly so. The Zulu goes | in bathing twice a day. He cleanses | his teeth with milk at sunrise and | again at sunset, All the tribes, even those partially | civilized, believe in ghosts and spirits. | Many worship the spirits of the de. parted. Still others are fetish wor. shipers, The most advanced tribe Is the Ba- suto nation, in which there are 50,000 Christians, with 144 schools, Strict as are the laws against the indiscriminate solling of liquors to natives, they are yet able to obtain all they want. And when their supply of ordinary rum and whisky runs short, they manufacture the notorious “Cape Smoke.” This ad. diction to aleohol is the great curse of the Rasutos, and, in fact, of every other tribe. Cape smoke must be tasted to be ap- preciated-—provided the person thus ex- perimenting survives, For be it known that Cape Smoke consists of wood al cohol, red pepper and sulphuric acid, ‘Tiris terrible concoction Is relished by the Kafhrs as no European drink is «they have pot yet been civilized up to the level of the American “mixed drink.” But to return to the Basutos. For more than 100 years this tribe has heen undergoing a process of forcible elvil ization. Good men and good women have sacrificed their lives to the noble Cane, Just before the present war began there was a gathering of Indunas, or native priests, near the Free State bor der. Thousands of “Christian” na- tives attended, Two oxen were brought into a rin pose, white, other, Boers wild dances g formed for the pur. One of the animalg wis snow representing the British, The coal black, represented the With welrd incantations and these Christianized Basu the oxen alive, The succumbed after five hours of the black one lived for The had Moers tos skinned poor white a day and a night, “OChrnetinn’ Basutos the the inls an wold the rivl win, The Kaffir what ix is. 1 have seen a Zulu's toe crushed by a rock. Calmly he cut the injured member off, tied the wound np with a tag. and then as calmly sumed work. This stoleism it thie Kafli oracle gloie With him, is Af re that formidable in makes such a foe, The power native does not know his due to numerical superiority. Arm him with modern weapons and ou build a Frankenstein, who will rove as terrible a conundrum as Mrs. Shelley's monster, For despite schooling and Christianizing and civ 12104, thi to awn y P his il- Kaflir remains a Kaffir, un forget wrongs, and held in leash only through fear of the white man's death-dealing Basutoland, while nominally indepen dent, is vet It is coverned by a high commissioner, who ruled by ti Colony. The all disputes an appeal « able his WOAPONE, a British colony. in turn is Can thie 31 governor native chiefs ad judicate between In where cases Ie natives, although an taken to the TW magiastrate’s court, tl The derived from the OC whites are tric i ure ape (Colony con native hut tax Whites and every keep the n wile of loeenses, in Basutol possible HE The land belongs to the unutilized soil is allotted householders for grazing purposcs, Th allots fields to each householder, sell the land, but got it his death and in not wanted thing done them Ont fnlives who de cannot whose scendants on Rov. the na called fro a national assembly the pitso. Here any native can ont tal n take refuge behind his member of uto parlinment thint married interest will Ave that hi bachelors is a band drawn around their hair, whil tho se still in singh wit} this en ald. ont shen Her “The Course of True Love.” sor Youn HE young » work for her ox in Detr I'he young of But ud and and narrelied other q recon. ciliation is He ago to called at the house a few old gentieman When the 3 passing ti wee Tim On ss of cours: bell rang tant business, personal and he turned abruptly leg pardon, sir; who sbal called?’ ie rr. She fory before going clear around belt line before he grunted made ot : to “frizle” her card party, and the railway noticed that he had Detroit Froe no RWE nar hie rile wireet own office Press, Antogie Maceo's Skull. The Revista de of Havana publishes an “anthropolog jeal study.” by Dr. Montoalve, Dr. de la Torre and Dr. Montane, of the skull Medicina ¥ Circugia The most noteworthy point is the istence of an interparietal, or, it termed, an “inca” bone, from the theory that it was unive real ex as i% sometimes This, however, was shown ter examining many thousands of skulls in various museums he found the bone in only 0.8 per cent. in Peru vians, in 1.5 per cent in negroes, and Maceo of of The CONrse, mixed race. and indicate a man of remarkable ca pacity, The rest of the skeleton in clines more to the negroe type and shows that he must have been a mar of herculean strength. — London Lancet ip AAO 0 To Have Baths in the Schools. An experiment is soon to be tried by the Committee on Buildings of the Manhattan School Board. [It consists of providing shower baths in the public schools, and is a scheme which Com: missioner O'Brien hax been pushing for some time. The experiment will be tried first in a few schools on the low- or Bast Side, apd the plan to be adopt- od, it Is said, will be most effective, and yet cost a modernte amount. Portions of the playgrounds will be curtained off, and this space will serve for "he dressing rooms and baths, which will be entirely of the needle.de. geription, These, it is believed, give botter sanitary effects than the ordi- nary showers, The city will fornish hot and cold water, but the children must bring thelr own towels.—New York Tribune. Oats, barley and rye originated in the wild forms along the Mediterra- pean. The first noted species of wheat were brought from Persia, The Evil Common Among the Rousiabouls and Spreading Fast. The troubles have which gteambond been having roustabonts the men ore by among the Negroes, with thei hinve been Ineress hu ip the spread of the cocaine ik When the habit found its way among the ne i FrOMR ix impossible to say but it Ig How the favorite mode hy It is Negroes, which they seek forgetfulness. ax confined but hive expressed the drag In Orleans before it reaches Whiskex but tral more ily of composed of coenine yet 0 the eity some of the planters 1h $1 New ion tlie hog Hee of birch 1 plantations, enough, they say, in it be controlled fa purchase and The tablets and phenacetine in about equal propor tions, Cas than the shi le cocaine tablets ire Some chemical genius discos ered that phenacetin fects of cheaper drug, i for the roustabout hag swallowed on tablets, lie of the prolongs the ef it Is a much ix used as adulter cocaine and as nn When a ne of ant cocaine, seeks the most part boat upon whi shipped, and, hiding himself among down and enjoys 1! t that the drug Hik« H (Uw that of opium only more a restful, sleeps little happy will probably keep on swnllow until For a while the cocaine ns ag a mortal can Ix the mate comes roti aroun among the cotton bales and a t strong and effective antidote w hickory stick which is his thority This continues throughon of tablets holds has ran out the cocaine Os he » il other ‘rosters’ The evil has steadily number grown of an rng stores A) 1 nse busin cocaine, 8 AVETrase Deg and puis dow withom 2 box of cocaine 3 i fey wi + WADE Torso 1 TUR DOETOrS Sympathy Between Birds In th otable oor Professor A. ituralist, Zoological Garden a = 1 nrrenoe took Mins plac Exiwar wil ness pent n sib ject of an appeared jonrnal hen for in 1 popularly ' dred Two a good v inmates of be garden hese birds known though the as inry are Japanes nightingales, they are no 3 § yr i in no Wir song way resembles that of the nightingale, hey have red bills, orange breasts and Their in In China. The t birds in until one day hone is wings. in wo and inte their cage One of a gray cardinal got and at once picked a quarrel, sun birds lost almost all its feat! and was grievousls wounded, The tell pled and unable to sit on the perch Furthermore, its feathers being gone, it suffered greatly from cold. Marvel lous now was the sympathy manifested by its companion. Every evening gathered moss and bay, with which it made a warm bed for the invalid Every night it perched beside the suf the ers creature found erip poor spread out to warm its companion as much as possible, wounded bird died. Therenpon other literally grieved to death. It re. fused to eat, and remained crouching in the cage until it had joined its com- panion. The Sizes of Prancs. Prunes are sold in three sizes. The largest size is called the thirty to for fics. This means that thirty to forty medinm size is forty to fifty, and the small size fifty to sixty. The largest prunes are of course the most valuable. The average price the growers get for their prunes is three and three-fourth cents a pound. An orchard of 250 trees of $400 a year. An acre will grow about one hundred trees, planted with the proper distances between them. The trees bear the third year after planting, and live from ten to twenty years, French prunes pay the best. The Oldest Postmaster, Roswell Beardsley, of North Lansing, N. Y., lays claim to being the oldest postmaster in the service of the United States, ile was appointed in 1828 un- fer the Administration of John Quincy Adams, and his salary was then fixed at the munificent sum of $12 a year Since his appointment he has served i He is ninety-one years Shattered Diamonas. srrnder certain conditions, which are rire and remarkable,” said an old Jeweller last evening, “a diamond may 1% by a smart, sid- is. ax nearly as | Very be shattered to aton The integrate and fiy apa CAD cxXprosg if and when the Kimber first the market tiie Brazilian brokers claimed that thu den blow, stone sects 10 Eels into ¥ Wore ¢ Wer f Ee inlly subject to tl ind « nat Fot aoeident, being the story rade, but it wis incident of an of nearly forty years 1 have din red working YO s i and th $hiee COUTREG experienc known of only two cuss if mounds broken £14 i many vhen 1 wa old Hon A lady custon * brooch from } u r to the na in Chatia dropped a filed floor, a d and a half feet the centre 1 34 Anou three wauarely on # broken f into a number of frag regular nd weighed or instance leans about travelling ditaire the was 1 top of himself I ever AIMOIKMIN Were had suppos 11 they Times Pearls of Great Price. Five hundred ax the pr pearl fifty thousand dol lars was great originally and M. Paris to «i ¥ Aran £ the ex pearl said Tavernier avernd the desert Lire JIress Purposd the thintit ¥ h s0 wmuci had Ix “fi any price, hundred ight that bargains twenty viud to be dol that it “Gs the ROOWH, th. oval of England and vernment $54 long, =e usand ——————— Educations! Advantages of Pets. Board Rescue Bdward every w] with purpose i that si feast Lis veran- da ove the peed « animals he only condition living. It at po philanthropist yan to establish a rab yn with each pulb- dren 10 1 ‘hy O18 S LAE Hq to crowded said owned and one a dog i riba as this nement house was his obin could do better bit in x lie school it ix net 3 » * ther on it! farm nec turties to care for in «ald that frogs are frequently yt. being often raised from the first of their existence. One teacher took in a hen that was al +o hateh ber chickens before the in other rooms there are agua. i 5 » s 3 afrequent to find tx tha rooms © his and o Cassy in ths Hain city. wt hosvever, it is Ke towed pupils riums, lnrds and boxes with rabbits, intelligent Elephant Mother, incident is re- A baby elephant wound in its pain of which rendered it so interesting A most received a severe found impossible to persande the ani mal to have the part dressed. When ever anyone approached it ran off with fury and would suffer no person to come within several yards of it. The By a few signs and words he made the mother know what was wanted. The sensible creature seized her young one with her trunk and beld it firmly down, through groaning and agony, while the and she continued to perform this sery- jee every day until the animal was per. fectly recovered, Physical Test for Railway Employees Physical examinations for employees at Union Pacific headquarters in Oma ha, Neb, will soon be ordered. The system fis proposed is that carh em ployee, present or prospective, shall be examined by the chief surgeon as to his or her condition of health, of which a record will be preserved for use to: determine the employee's physical cons dition for retention in service, or for promotion. The examination and reg. istration fee for the health certificate is to be fixed at $1. Chicago Record. Ephemeral, But Pleasing. “Flatterers ave our enemies.” “Oh, 1 don’t know; flattery makes feel good while it lasts." Detroit
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers