Commodore Decatur's Wager. A wager of a silk hat once cost many lives. It was in 1811, when Captain Decatur, of the United States Navy, commanding the frigate United States, met Captain Carden, of the British Navy, commanding the Macedonia. It was just prior to the war of 1812, and while talk- ing about the chances "Carden said to Decatur, — “If you and 1 meet after hostilities are declared, I'll bet you u silk hat that the Macedonia will capture the United States.” “I'll bet you usilk bat you don't,” was the reply. The two frigates met on October 25, 1812, and after a bloody fight the Eng. lish flag was lowered. Decatur hastened on board the prize, and Carden tendered his sword. ' “Put up your sword, Carden!” said Decatur. bet you a silk hat, and, as we're a long way from a hatter, I'll take the one you wear.” The hat was gigen. reese — spss Cheap Photographic Trays. I send these directions for making in. expensive and serviceable trays suitable for ceveloping, toning, or fixing, says Harper's Round Table. Take a shallow pasteboard box—an empty plate box is about the right depth——and paste cloth over the corners, both inside and out. Have a quantity of paraffine-wax, and melt it in a shallow dish, and dip the box into it, coating it well filled. If the are coating, when be dipped the second time. Une have enough wax to allow the box to be immersed in it all over. Paraffine.-wax is very ches ap, costing not over ten cents per wound, Two pounds will coat a mate of Dx8 plate boxes. When the wax is hard, the tray is ready for use. One of the facts brought out by the Windsor Hotel disaster is the careless. ness of many persons regarding their surroundings. Some of the temporary guests in a hotel would be puzzled to find the staircases should the elevators cease running. It is well not to be too ready in anticipating trouble; but in any hotel there is more or less danger of fire, and stairways and fire escapes should be lo- catel by guests as soon as possible. “He That is Warm Thinks All So.”’ Thousands are ** col that they do not understand the glow of health. This im- plies disordered kidneys, liver, bowels, blood or brain. Hood's Sarsaparilla makes ‘awarm’’ because it gives allwho take it perfect health. only cathartic to take “with Hood's Sarsapariiia, Bottle-Making Machinery. M. Leon Appert, a French inventor, was the first to introduce the ase of com. pressed air for blowing bottles, thereby affording a means of replacing the usual method of blowing them by the mouth. This practice had a very injurious effect on the lungs of the glassblowers, and the great heat to‘which they are necessarily subjected intensifies the evil. The nse of mechanically-driven air is now combined with other contrivances. The quantity of fused glass necessary to form a bottle is poured into an iron mould, and is dis tributed by a rotating piece over the sides, the formation of the bottle being assisted by a current of compressed air, After withdrawal from the mould the body only requires anuealing to be ready for use. Machines have been construet- ed which can turn out twenty bottles a minate, and there is no doubt that a higher speed than this will be reached in the future. Paying Double Prices for sverything is not pleasant, is it? But y that's what you are i doing, if you don’t buy here. Did you think it sible to buy a $30.00 foycle for $18.75" Cat. alogue No. 5g tells all about Bicycles, Sewing Machines, Organs and Pianos, What do you think of a fine suit of Clothing, made-to-your- measure, guaranteed to fit and drpress vald to your station for $3.50! Catalogue No. 57 shows 33 samples of clothing and shows many bargains in Shoes, Hats and Furnishing ph, Lithographed Catalogue No, “> 47 shows Carpets, Rugs, Por 2 tieres and Lace Curtaing, in Y hand-painted colors, We pa Freight sew carpets free, an t § furaish lining without charge, Hi sy What do you i 4 thinkofa ! | Solid Oak Dry-air Fam. ily Refrigera- Price, $18.7. gains contained in our Gen. eral Catalogue of Furniture and Household Goods We save you from 40 to fo ¥ cent, on everything, Why uy at retail when you know of us? Which catalogue do Price, $3.05. you want? Addressthis way, JIuLius HINES & SON, Baltimore, Md, Dept. 314 2 “rotsale ediuitieo lod uate diuetndlodhate do oiled dfodn io de Carries His Children in Hig Mouth. In the Nile there is a singular fish thst has been known from early Bible times, It is dedicated to the apostle Simon or Peter, and is known as tilapia simonis, and the sea or lake of Tiberius. Nearly all of these fishes have a singu- lar method of caring for their young. At the time of spawning the mother fish forins a little nest among the reeds and rushes, in which she deposits perhaps two hundred green eggs, about the size of shot, which she immediately deserts. Curiously enough, in all the thousands of fishes, but three or four instances are known where the mother displays any af- fection for her young or remains by them. The father stations himself by the nest, and presently appears to be dining upon the eggs; but if he is carefulyl watched it will be seen, that he is taking them into his mouth with the greatest care, and not swall owing them. They are lodged in what cor responds with the The eggs soon hatch, the little fishes grow, and the countenance of Mr. Tila pia becomes greatly swollen and puffed out of all resemblance to his former self He cannot begin to close his mouth, and most extraordinary appear ance, To accommodate and protect the grow ing family, the fish submits to the est inconvenience, and only permits them to escape when it is a physical im possibility to hold them any longer, At this time the father will undergo vere treatment rather than relinquish He has throws upon the beach, bat still clings to his charge, even during his death struggles. Many of the young remain in this singu- lar cradle until they are four inches in length. 1 he male seahorse has a little pouch into which, in some manner, it places the eggs of its mate. When they are hatoh- ed and become numerous and large to control, the seahorse presses the pouch agninst a stone and gently urges them to take their departure At this time they are almost to the naked eye, but they grow rapidly, and are preyed upon by myri real been ont too invisible adds of or I —— A Fish Which Produces . SIK. A shellfish kpown “ the pianna in the Mediterranean has the curious power of spinning a viscid silk which is made in Sicily into a regular fabric. This silk is spun by the shell fish in the first lace for the purpose of attaching itself to the rocks. If is able to guide the dol. icate filaments to the proper place and then glue them fast, and it they are out away it can reproduce them, The ma. terial when gathered--whieh is done at low tide—is washed in slp and water, dried and straightened, onc ‘pound of the coarse filament vielding three ounces of the fine thread, which, when spun, is of a lovely bn urnished ' gol den brown color, So Compelled aches count for little. keep going or lose their place. of all charge. Miss Nancie Suone, ham from which we quote: Backaches and head- WOMEN WHO EARN THEIR LIVING ing serious womb trouble, I was 1 followed your advice, tak. I am getting to be a There is none equal to it, Words cannot Frame, Meade, me. 1 cannot it enough. Since my girlhood I had been troubled with fir. regular and painful and for nearly BE mo FARM AND GARDEN NOTES. NOTES OF INTEREST 0 ON AGRICULTURAL TOPICS. Ventilation in the Milk Room-~A (ood Word for the Silo-~Peas for Family Use «The Leaf of Young Grain, Etc. Ventilation in the Mik Room, An old lesson, but not well learned, 18 fo have good ventilation in the milk room. Clean floors, as well as walls, are also essential, If our milk pro- ducers could act upon those two hints and put them into practical effect the reduction in milk complaints would be surprising. A Good Word for the Silo. “A silo is merely a convenience keeping green fodder. to preserve, not to create or to im- into it corn is Immature, and greenness, Is of no use, They pat sown broadeast, which which Is mainly water and then marvel that such ensilage did not feed their as well as clover hav. A silo does not regenerate things: it merely preserves what is put in it. If a man will put corn, has well-formed ears, Into a tight the silo. will give back good as hie gave it." Professor Robert. son. COWS fairly silo ns ‘ Bs 4° Peas for Family Use. It is necessary to make several plant ings of peas to have a succession for the table during the season. Of course the earliest should planted first, and the very earliest all should not be one of the sweeter wrink- led vatleties, as will often rot in cold, wet soil from the amount of water that they will absorb. But the wrinkled avrie ties when they come are much sweeter and better that they spoll the other for use. The peas not wrinkled should be used while they are small and tender. When they at tain full size it will impossi ble to cook them soft One of the early and one later variety of wrinkled peas should be planted about the same time when the ground gets warm enough, The planting may be kept up till nearly June, though later planted peas are apt to mildew, and at the tine ripe there Is such variety of other vegetables and fruits not for the bar of these 80 be they are we do care so much The Leaf of Young Grain. There is difference breadth, leaf is par in the in your tly de pendent on the character of the seed, as the plant sends up first mainly from the starchy matter which the germ and which the germ uses until it ix able to put forth roots into the soll. Barley being larger and heavier than oats has always a broad. er leaf, though if oats are sown on rich land and somewhat late they will come up with a leaf that looks like barley, But this rank growth early is not garded favorably by the enaltivator, for be knows that it i= liable to be fol lowed by rust of stalk or grain later in the season. Harrowing grain that comes up with too small and thin a leaf bralses these first leaves, and as it also stimulates root growth it the plant to send up pew shoots with much broader leaves, This dries out the soil, thus preventing the excessive growth later that Invites rast much size and color of comes up. It itn leaves encle Wes fe Calses The Cure of Roup. First of all. when roup breaks ont among the chickens, isolate the sick from the well (known by sopping, swelled face and eyes sucezing, charges from and thiroat, ete, and In a thorough manner fumigate the quarters with sulphur and earbolie ack. Every evening heat a brick very hot and on it drop ten drops ecarbolic acid. This you will compel the well ones to inhale for several minutes, 11 is a preventive. It is also an excellent antidote for the affected ones, If the birds are valuable, treat them carefully. If not so valuable and they are quite HL destroy them and treat only the less affected ones, of hydrogen, half diluted with water, dis nose amd perfectly harmless as a local wash for the eyes and mouth. Use it morn. ing and evening. For constitutional treatment, i eo. medicine to be admin. istered inte the general system, medicines known: Corrosive snblim- ate grain. tincture gelesmdom 1 drachim, tincture aconite, 4 drach, tincture lodide-arsenic, 1; drach, tincture blood root, 2 drachms, water 114 quarts, water should have been previously remedies are dissolved in it. Set this before the sick fowls and allow them to drink all they wish, Let the food consist of Dolled meals and mashed potatoes. Boil the wheat they drink. Let me assure my readers that the above treatment is absolutely rellable, It mist, however, be intelligently ad- ministered, as all affairs of the poultry yard should be-Dr. W. FF. Roth in New England Honlestead. The Tent Caterpillar. We have been reminded that the tent caterpillar was very numerous in many places about Boston in Massachusetts last year, and asked to give methods of Aotaying them, or preventing them from destroying the troes. These In sects are =o easily found and killed oh boaitiug OF thie eggs in July Wh to the’ Wolding of the taut ee in the gust by a brown moth about three. fourths of an Inch long, and they en- circle the twig near its outer end like a brown band, a half inch wide or more, These clusters of eggs may be found after the folinge I8 off the tree, at any time, but we prefer to walt un- til gpring, when they assume a silvery appearance, and in the morning and afternoon, when the sun is shining into the tree, it requires bot little look- ing to see the glisten of the eggs if they are there. They are easiest found dew on them, and If they are rubbed off the twig and burned, or the twig itself cnt off and burned with them, that is an end of that trouble. ut If any escape observation, and the tents are seen, fasten a swab<to nt long pole, wet it with kerosene, and ab through the nest until it which will kill ever; caterpiliar it touches, We have even the swab on fire and burned out the nest aml its occupants, and If a little care is taken this ean be done without injury to the branch. The best time to attack the nests is the morning or evening, as the family are all in the tent then, while in the mid- die of the day they are abroad feeding upon the leaves, Spraying with any of the arsenites, canker worm, also destroys the tent caterpillar, and those They are even more fond of the wild as a breeding and feeding place than of the apple, and while some have advised the destruction of the wild cherry for that reason, others are better pleased to let the cherry 1rees remain and destroy the eaterpillars there, The danger of this plan is that many will not Kill them on the cherry nnd there may breed moths enough to supply every tree in the orchard with tents in {ts oranches, There Ix also a species which appears in the fall, but they may be met in the same way by spraying or with Kerosene swab. American Cultivator. trees, one nest Hog Cholera. Hog cholera and its correlative dis. plague, may be consider wl as one, for, although each has for its cause different bacteria, the symp similar, and the medi- which will destroy one will destroy the sake of brevity, to mention both the subject The in all parts of the causing an annual loss of swine in value variously estimated at S15. R500 The usually epidemic in the swine States of the West and sporadic in all of the Eastern amd Southern States The reason for this is well established In my mind, after several years of in quiry and observation. Most farmers in the corn belt grow hogs, many of them having herds of several hundred. How or when cholera first got among them known, but there it readily propagated in the same was as yellow fever propagated in Cuba. The of vers of Fhey may be dormant for months, years, and then spring into whenever suitable conditions oo SARe, BWine toms of both are cal class of other: it not referring affects hogs Unit] States, agents these gers for the NOCOERATY hence, when fo fo disease is is not On0e Loris both are life Oar life cur. Hog cholera germs may be conveyed the feet of men and animals, by rmnning water and by wind for miles, it ix not a matter for surprise that the ta nee has become a permanent resi the The reason for its sporadic action in the East and South is that number of hogs is very small, comparatively, and the con- in which they exist are less conducive to the inception of the dis. ease than in the corn belt, where the suimals are crowded and their systems weakened by an allcorn diet, and too often filthy environment. But how does the disease reach the East and South? The answer will be a surprise to most persons, but | have studied this question long enough to be satis fied that 1 am corect. The germs of the disease are conveyed from the West bound up in smoked meats of the packing houses. It is a fact well Known by swine men of the West, that when cholera attacks a fattening tenacious fictive oun en of Swine States, the ditions yet come down with the disease are shipped to a sianghter-house at once, Some of this meat is made into bacon, hams and shoulders, and shipped away to market, Salting and When and dirtstained parts are thrown into the swilltub, and thence they go into the hogpen, if one keeps and the meat con sumer resides in a village or inland there Is generally some swill who conveys it home ing them with the dread disease, 1 have traced these things several times ~fwiee in Pennsylvania, once at a Inrge summer hotel in the Catskill Mountains and once at Ithaca, West: ern smoked meats were eaten at all of these places, and the trimmings fed ty hogs. ‘Three or four years ago the Logs by cholera, Complimenting in Advance. The other day, as a little Utlea girl wax being dressed to attend a child's party given at a neighbor's her grand: mother told her to be very sure and not forget when she was about to come home to say to the mother of the littie have had a very pleasant time.” HOW OBJECTS IN MOTION ARE REPRO. DUCED WITH STARTLING REALISM. Films 150 Yards in Length-~You Don’t See One Moving Picture, as You Think, but Hundreds of Stationary Photographs, Fol lowing Each Other Rapidly. The fundamental principle upon which a moving picture apparatus is constructed is the principle of the re tention of the image by the retina of | the eye, ration of a flash of lightning is an ex- ceedingly small fraction of a second, Nevertheless, mination is sufficient to lmprint upon the retina a perfect picture of a landscape; and the Impression of the beliolder Is that the period of illumi nation Is epormously greater than it actually is. Working on this principle, a series of photographs are taken on a long strip of celluloid film. The time of exposure of these pletures Is ordi narily very much shorter than Is em- ployed in so-called instantaneous pho- tographs taken by hand cameras, the period of exposure ranging from 1 100th to 1-400th part of a second. After each exposure, which is ordinarily made by a revolving shutter, having a slit or opening through which the light is permitted to reach the sensitized film for a brief instant, the film is moved forward by the mechanism of the camera until a pew surface comes opposite the lens, The film is then usually held stationary while a second exposure is made. This process is re- peated In a blograph camera at the rate of about thirty exposures per sec- ond, and it will thus be noted that the time of the moving film uples a much greater proportion of the time than is used in making the exposure The actual time of exposure a number of ¢ i= the oh ied i Of depends onditions, rapidity of move photo- upon One of these ment of the graphed; thus fast moving an express train will permit of only a very short perhaps 1 part of a order that the pleture may be sharp and distinct; for if the object moves an appreciable dis lance during the time the exposure is being made blurred. Comparatively objects, such as a parade admit of a longer The light condi the pileture i= being be considered. Therefore, get a sharp picture of a rapidly moving object it ix necessary to have brilliant sunshine, while of s slower moving objects may be taken in isfactory manner when the 1 ditions being abjects like €X posiire second-—in the pleture that results is ing or a vessel, sure. slow ION eXho time must also in order 10 ions during the taken pletures a sat ght con less favorable egal strip are After a series of n ves have been the long of film, 29% inches wide and ranging from 150 to 450 or more feet in length, is taken in to the dark room and wound upon a large wire drum. This drum is then rotated in a vat of developing solution. and the whole series of one thousand or more negatives are developed In about the same time that is ordinarily required to develop a single graphic negative After the strip Is dried, printing machine together with a strip of positive film of the same width and length This printing machine is a very intricate automatic dew and by it a perfect poritive reproduction of the entire negative is made in short space of time; special pains being taken that the pictures shall register perfectly after another, so that when reproduced by the blograph, there may no vibration between successive pictures, This obtained, photo: ne, ane bw 0 the and after being oughly for use. As many of these positives as it Is desired to exhibit are spliced together negative, dried, is ready film many thonsand a number of clamps and down into a winding-up reel; machine being such the pletures comes projecting Jems of through which the that opposite the light from a to rest quietly shutter then revolves, upon «the screen, cutting off the moved forward exactly the space of one picture, allowing the following pictures to take their place upon the soreen one after the other, each sues ceeding picture being separated from the preceding one by the same brief Interval of time that elapse: when the pictures were taken. The result is that through optical Allusion the eye sve does not detect the change of pie. ture and apparently only sees one ple ture, but the objects in this picture appear to move ag in life, If the number of pictures presented to the eye is too small, a disagreeable flicker, very trying to the eyes, ix no tice, and If the shcceceding pictures that pass before the lens of the ma- chine do not register perfectly one after the other, then even the station. ary figures in the pleture appear to vi brate and dance about in the most ob- jectionable manner, An electric motor runs the machine with a uniform motion, adapted to present the pletures to the eye at ex- actly the same speed with which they were taken. This Is a most essontial feature. For example, in driven at a slower rate of speeed than ee tack of general debility, If, on the other hand, the speed is accelerated be youd the speed of the camera In taking the pictured, the people rish along in most ridiculous fashion, and the fmpressiveness of the scene is utterly lost fn the ridiculous of such rapid movement. I is equally neces. sary that ithe original camera which takes the series of pletures should be for any irregularities of motion in this camera must develop when the pictures are presented to the exe, and hence a bio- graph camera is operated by an elec trie motor driven by a powerful stor- age battery. aspect Got T0 MANILA A BY MISTAKE. The Tenth Pennsylvania Sent There by a Newspaper Error. The Tenth Pennsylvania is the only regiment except the First Tennessee which went to the Philippines from any point east of Colorado and South Dakota. Bo it is Interesting to know that the Tenth Pennsylvania was sent to Manila through the error of the tele graph editor of a Pittsburg newspaper. While the rogi was in camp near Harrisbng were issued by the War Department assigning cer- tain Western regiments to Manila and other orders the Pennsyl- vania regiments Camp Meade. These orders went Pittsburg papers through thelr routine Washing ton service in the usual manner. The orders sending the Western Pennsyl- vania regiments to camp, tele graphed Pittsburg, bappened aut bottom of ti: The ment orders or assigning £1) to the as 10 Ww the shieet, cone we operator's receiving orders naming the regiments which were to go to Manila eame at the bottom of an- other page. By mistake the telegraph editor sumbered the sheet and put the names of all Western Pennsyl- vania regiments, ex the Tenth orders for which appeared elsewhere, 8 Wrong, cept the on the bottom of the sheet naming the regiments to go to Manila. The was not discovered, in the moraing the of found that ry Western Pennsylvania regiment xcept the Tenth was to go to Manila, and that the Tenth was to stay in camp alone, That paper had the largest circulation of any paper in Tenth's When the men of Tenth read it they were simply frenzied with anger. Every Western Pennsylavania regi ment except t n to go to Manila, and home? Not while they And they certainly Hiistake and readers the news! [per eve the camp. the they stay at had power to kick did kick The regiment small Pittsburg, and it country politi brother or It was regi ments, politically, in the Western part of the And it Bghting regiment from "way back. Made up of countrymen who used ling a gun, it had distinguished itself in the riots of the coke region and at Homestead, Its people were proud of it That It should left at home when all the others were to go to the cut them as it could not have cut the city people In an hour the telegraph wires sput- tered with ardent messages of protest, They met an instant response from the fathers, brothers and friends at home. Before noon both the Senators from Pennsylvania and every Congressman from the Western part of the State had been delug with demands to know why the Tenth was not to go to Manila. They came from men who were needed in politics. The Senators and Representatives hurried to the War Department to see about it. They were backed up by every politician in Washington whom the Western Penn. could reach. “The to Manila” was the recruited in the surrounding nearly pr his was country towns contained jan in the district, intimate friend. strong sl. one of the rest State, was a were to and have been £r ont odd Tenth must go The War Department was taken by storm. Secretary Alger threw up his bands and said: “We don't care. If the Tenth wants fo go to Manila so bad, let it go.” The orders were issued, and before night the Tenth was on the cars start. ed on its Jong journey. It was well on ite way West before any one dis covered what had raised the storm. It was then too Inte to change the orders, and, of course, none of the other Penn sylvania regimental commanders real: ized how tw Tenth had become pos- And this is the true story of how the Tenth came to be the only regiment from Pennsylvania which got into sc. tion against the treacherous Tagals, Gleanings from the Shops. Long liberty silk scarfs in white, black and colors, in clusters shirrings with softly plalted ends. Brightly colored taffeta ribbons with broad, black satin stripes edged with a narrow line of white, White taffeta parasols with printed designs representing garlands of flow. ers in delicate colorings. Broad displays of the very newest ideas in fine cotton laces for trimming sheer, transparent fabrics, Striped ribbons having a narrow bor. der on one lige and a wide one on the other, ench being different in color, Wide ribbons with Persian centres showing white and black combined with some tasteful shade as a border. Gray toques showing soft rondeanx of malines, garlands of pink roses and : drapings of cream renaissance lace. fmall hats having the crown com
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers