TIME NE ERLD IN THINKING.
Bclentists A re Now w lxperimenting on
This Xkmnteresting Subject.
Experiments regarding the time need-
ed by the =a verag wa to think are
gow engaging the attention of sclen-
tists, Just how long does it take a
man to think was the tople discussed
by Professor Richet at a recent meet.
ing of the ESritish assoc futon, He gave
the results of his {nvestigations on the
subject and made some Interesting re-
marks upon them, Among other things
he found that aman could think of the
notes of the musical scale at the rate
of eleven to the second. The experi-
ment was pe wrformed by running the
notes for OXxe Or more octaves and then
dividing the total time by the total
pumber of motes
There are various ways of arri ving
at conclusions as tothe amount of time
pecessary For realls lug any physical
sensation or mental impression, If the
skin be towmzehed repeatedly with light
blows frorm =a small lammer & person
may, according to Professor Richet, dis-
tinguish the fact that the blows are
separate and not continuous pressure
when they follow one another as fre-
quently as 3,000 a se weond.
The smallest Intervals of sound can
distinguished with one
+ both, Thus the separate-
licks of a revolving tooth-
write
be much t
ear than
the
r
with bot
Ness of
ed wheel
when the: iid
second, using both
pot distingzuis
red often
wm
was noted by one observer
not exceed sixty t the
ears
when they
O
could
oocun
hie
3 them
y fifteen times a second,
und of spark
yn coil was distinguished
n the rate
he sharp the electric
of an Indu
with
high as 4 to
much
tinguishing
white and
will appear gr
exceed tw
it has 1
far "3
that it
faster tha:
only coun
ty to the
of them.
one whe
the second.
keen than hearing
differences, If a disk
black be revolve
lou
Ie|=
a
all
four per second.
found that we can
ily than we can ¢
wement
hear
SO
,
mo
Halt "
in clicking me
the second we
an
leks, while with tween
1 we can only count two
ie and want of nervous
1 offer
Ki ot ir length TT
ked « n lengthen
me that we can
l rent imprassio
tir rule bh
Aleohe
in makin
not able 1 3 inguish such n
tervals
without
3
8,
ted,
rime?
cen diff
1 night be ¢ X pec
nl f Tt
ghjeet of © »
0ject A
the same
naking that he
ak
"tr
etter t
b
ATCH, SUN GLOE BE SIGHTS.
When
there Is
hymns
the fur
cases
Nearl;
great <
gi
makes
pofot f
ne
Gus
shin ar
Every
Come «is
his sere
I» his i
People
they kn
was re
heard
about his
freight
cn es sit
Thess He Dought the R
Fred Sup
my wife,
Anna—€F Tess,
Fred—O x. I haven't
What wowmld it—er-crrhyme with?
Anpf——4€ 3 EI€SS,
REG A INL HEALTH.
Gratify*rer Letters to Mrs. Pink-
haoa From Happy Women.
ing.
pose | should ask yo
ws=-Hat would You say ?
3
the least ide
a.
#= X Owe You My Life,”
Mrs E. SWooLnnsnp,
Mills, Neb, writes
“Dear Maa Prciav~I owe my
iife to yom r Vegetable Compound. Tha
doctors ssid 1 had consumption and
nothing eowuld be done for me My
menstruation had stopped and they
said my Blood was inning to water. 1
kad several do They all said I
eonld not 1: began the use of Lydia
ive. |
E. Vegetable Cor
herd
Pinkham’
end it helped mo right away; menses
returned snd 1 have puined in weight
1 have bet ter hoalththanl have had §
yours, It 3s wonderful what your Come
pound has done for me.”
spond,
-
OF
“=X ¥F eel Like a New Person.™
Mrs Geo. IL.mach,
1609 T3clle St, Alton, IIL, writes:
“ Before I began to take your Vege-
table Cormypround | was a great sufferer
from woszs Bs trouble. Menses would ap-
pear twos znd three times | in 8 month,
causings Tree to be so weak I eoizld not
stand. ¥ewruldneithersleepnor ent. and
looked so badly my friends hardly
knew me
* I tools doctor's medicine but did not
derive maoch benefit from it. My «
cist gave me one of your little Looks,
snd after reading it | decided to try
. Pinkham'’s Vepotable Come
pound. X feel lilca new person. I
would not grive your Compound for all
the doctors” medicie in the world. I
san pot peaise iter ugh”
et
drug.
———— A A A S———R———
FARM AND GARDEN NOTES.
ITEMS OF INTEREST ON AGRICULTURAL
TOPICS.
Poultry—~Lily of the
Coming in VYougue
Crushed Shells far
ValleyThe Daklia
Again--Etc., Etc.
SHELLS
JRUSHED FOR POULTRY.
The avidity with
vill eat crushed shells shows how nec-
weary they are
‘or egg production.
ter way to supply
gg shells than this, The shells
he gizzard act as grit, enabling it to
iigest food. The only care in feeding
8 to crush the shell thoroughly,
‘hat its likeness to the egg may not
yo geen. Where egg shells are thrown
yut without being crushed, the fowls
soon learn the haoit of picking at the
shells on eggs, and from this they
quickly become egg eaters, a habit
which, when once formed, is never for- |
gotten,
‘here is no
{ime required
859
THE VALLEY.
of the
as may be
plant
thin
any g
long
better (0
LILY OF
When the lily
have roots,
posed In the
hrive, it to
{f that does not
ay trouble
oots,; I
bed with new,
You must give
and pretty we
The ouble is oft
valley seems
lo weak supe
COaNes fo
out the 1
od, it won't
over the
start a
case
is best ed.
do
¥
LOO old
new
A
will be
strong
them
i
roots
byt
a rich but light
soll, shaded
tr en found with
84m
jssus
If planted toc ep, that sometimes
Mining
deep enough to
wal Yorld.
COMING
AGAIN
has
THE DAHLIA IN VOGI
The dahlia proved the truth of
the old saying hat “all things coma
around to h and wal
fter years of negiect (his once popular
has
Laan
eater mas
lare Arwer
IArger nowes
4
early
ilure to sé
We
feet st
a little
th three
eriap
abs
15 fom the
paces «1
a siigh
for tim-
or
nde
£11 Yop
I will be
American Cul
HEDGES
ED WIRE
AND BARB-
Jointed articles
B. printed on
ymething
down,
The fact
and
COn-
the-
in-
involves
The frequs
hich are «
this subject
ie Banquo's
teg an lilinois
are
q¥ - ein
that
ost; it will not
#1 hac
no si sl matter,
con ition,
§ our fences
the timbe ig we are
with not a
We must ha fences and the
vestigation of question
large investment. One Ohio
a letter in your
mend hedge
issues of a
letters are
information on how
to get rid of a hedge fence. 1 believe
the hedge and barbed wire fences are
the only which the people are
rid of. The hedge
requires so much la-
ta keep in order, dies
out, off the sheep, takes
five grow {i and costs fall
more than a good woven wire fence.
Barbed wire, on account of its be-
jig such a mearnd of torture and mu-
tilation, #8 not to be taken into con-
gideration. Any number of plain hor-
{zontal wires that are stretched
posts do not maxe a fence, unless they
are tied together by cross wires or
pickets close enocugk to prevent the
wires being separated by stock. When
wood slats or pickets are used, they
cause the panels to sag, receive the!
full impetus of the wind and cause
gnow drifts. Does ft not seom that
rzally the only practicable fence
buy is a woven wire? Of course they
cost considerable, but the sharp come
petition among the manufacturers,
brings the price down to the minimum,
Six years ago I bought a lot ad-
vertised in your columns and it has
proved satisfactory. It looks as well
the
a
also
11, "97, recor
in a recent
paper lve
while
farm
ones
year
gieals wool
years to
Agriculturist,
THE SUFFOLK BREED OF HOGS.
We do not believe the Buffolk breed
of hogs is a valuable one for this
country, especially where the climate
is cold in winter, or has scorching heat
in summer, sayf the Boston Cultiva-
tor. It is an Englsh breed, and was
introduced into this country some 475
years ago, after Prince Albert had
taken all the prizes with animals of
this breed at English stock shows, It
{8 a white-skinned breed wit. very lit.
tle hair, and its thin skin turns red
| when exposed to the sun. In the moist,
gsunless climate of the south of Eng-
land, wnere the winters are always
warm, this is a good breed to grow.
But breeds with more hair are better
for this country. For a white hog the
| small Yorksbire and the Chester whire
are both preferable to the Suffolk, But
for profitable hog growing either Es-
gex for small or the Berkshires and
Poland Chinas for large breeds are
equally good to all who have no prej-
udice as to color. Black hogs are gen-
erally grown in the West, except
they are superseded by the Jersey Red,
{a large, coarse breed, with abundait
| coating of hair, and waich stands sud-
hanges of climate, from hot .o
better than any other in
breeding hogs the best grades are
procured by using large, long-bodied
of Chester White, Berkshire
Poland China breeds and crossing them
with the small Yorks on the wh
or with Essex Db on the
large breeds of black hogs ‘he vigor
of constitution depends the
Fineness
depend
thus
as
i den «
cold,
Or
BOWS
ars
BOWS,
most on
and early ma-
ot
aam
urity male pare of
the progeny
WORMS
When a he
will begin to
IN HOGS,
Bg
le as the
y dige )
disenss
the ani-
hind
mal t
part
greases
and at last
to stand
(Ye
me
grouna
an only
the
parts
the §
Gitation ther
ling
ride
ary
still be more to say
all means bLy
the eggs and
before it has
Kidney.”
The treatment
wi “prevent
t ting the
JE rif
'y aystem
an
which produce it
started on its way to the
given is not a bad
one for numerous cases fupposed
be kidney and indeed can do no
harm if it should prove to be no kid-
ney worm.--N. J. Shepherd, in
Field and Fireside
to
worm,
Farm.
SQUASH
Mr. J. KM.
GROWING
Gregory, the well-known
goed grower, says in the New York In-
dependent that himse! and a neigh-
bor were discussing the probable yiaid
a field of squashes he proposes t5
plant this year. The neighbor thought
he should have a half dozen good
squashes as an average to each vine
He figures that with fifteen cords of
manure and night soll to the acre he
could have his hills eight by nine
apart, and leave three vines to a hill
This would give a little over GOO hills,
of 1.800 vines, and six squashes to the
vine would be 10.800 squashes. Under
such liberal manuring Hubbard
squashes should average to weigh ten
pounds each, which would be 54 tons
per acre, or about four times as large
a crop as he waa ever able to raise
under the most favorable conditions.
They were
the acre was a good yield for Hubbard
squashes, and ten tons an extra yield,
of
bing the soll of ita fertility, but shad.
ing the ground to the injury of the
squashes, There is also sometimes
trouble when the squashes do not well
cover the ground and interlace wiih
one another, tha? they will be blown
about by high winds, twisting the run-
ners, after which the squashes upon
them do not amount to much,
He suggests as a remedy for this «
cess of plants and yet fairly covering
the ground, having the hills nine foot
apart each way, and having but t
plants to the hill, which will give about
1,100 plants to the acre, well distrib
uted. Another plan to plant the
seeds In drills eight feet apart and
leave one plant to each five feet which
would give the same 40 square
feet to a plant,
The writer has grown squashes
this way, after a crop of peas, put
ting the seed in five or s.x feet apart
in every third row of p and
field was well covered with vines, and
the yleld a good one, though
per acre
is
space,
as
mated as to rate
Nature's Compass Sigoes,
The many met}
termine the «
ith tr g
mountains, in 0DOLAH
different 1048
vhile
ii
' x
W
poinis
ardinal
e
heavy
nt
nd pon
“all
expanse
ingly
for al
every
mall bush,
of a great marsh,
Hmerous
the featur
fire exces
n
| pract
day
|
vold of
NOTES AND COMMENTS.
New York
the exclu-
A special dispatch from
says that the latest fad in
give circles of Gotham soclety Is "getl-
ting up family trees and tracing an-
cestry back far as possible.” But
in the opinion of 4he editorial punster
of the Chicago Times-Herald, some of
usive Gothamites
to keep their family
Hi
those probably
| will
shady
An
exe
prefer trecs
Englishman named Jateman
been collecting statistics of
bill of various countries, re-
reassuring fact that the
has
drink
the
wt of the
i
’
of the
CAV
eh
Ei
the eye,
untiess number
nwers representing
wild
and h
alee
of
form
kingdom,
guide for
ge known in the
furnishes a
%
locating ¢ cardinal points
expecially the
hide their
like the sun-
sky.
as most wild flowers
long-stemmed
faces from the north,
turn toward
varieties
and
a southern
Sudarese War Schemes,
The Sudanese warriors are not
out schemes, more or less effective, for
killing their enemies. Their
not of the latest pattern and cannot
deal death with the accuracy and ra-
pidity of the rifles carried by the Brit-
ish soldiery, but they more than even
matters of warfare by their subtle
trickery.
There ia a highway, over which it
Known,
ing ten pounds upon each vine would
be about nine tons to the acre. Yet
they had both known a half dozen or
imore good squashes, averaging at least
ten pounds each, to grow upon a singie
to| vine, when it was isolated from the
other vines.
The conclusion was that they usually
allowed too many vines to grow upon
an acre to produce the largest possi-
ble yields, But if the ground is not
well covered with vines the weeds will
goon grow up in the vacant spaces,
and on each manuring grow so rank
march toward the Sudanese strong-
holds. When “Tommy Atkins” turned
into this road he cursed iis roughness
and prepared to be bored by a long
and muddy tramp. Ten feat forward
of the rround. The earth was alive
the road became a
hell of hot death and a dancing curtain
i
i
:
The British soldier had not counted on
the ingeouity of native genius. Now
York Journal.
Three cannon, formerly part of the
armament of the British ship Acteon,
wrecked in Charleston harbor on June
28, 1776, have been mounted in a park
Jours-
well
the ladies’ Home
may 1meer @
Siberia as ar» to be
The 80-
{ties
tA writer in
nal that one
women in
in any European city.
al forms that exist in the
observed in
BAYA 8
large «
Siberia, and
of
full.
i
of a are
ionable
enjoy
A Ed
recently
covered new
gold the
grant in
people that vast
vince life to the
Thomas ison confirms
tatement, printed,
di a
Process
from mines
New Mexice
lieved
companies
EMM
resent
prospectors,
increase
connected
180 SO O00 D000
large
rectly
that in
in search of gold in the yelic
and in the same year
one-fourth of that amount will be
But the output
arer the expense ag cach yea
in a few yeu
will
w creek
than
pro-
likely to
not are
duced. ia
came
goes
ne
by, and
it.’
New
els
afoot in
one more h
nse supporting
Harper's Weekly says. The
tion
known
pany,
York
excin
women
to
is
or
A plan
for
of seif-
ia
ag the Woman's Hotel Com-
with a capital of cne million
dollars. the corporation is {0 be form-
ed when £50000 jg subscribed. Then
land is to be bought, and a hotel built
to hold about a thousand boarders
Plans for such a hotel have been
drawn, subject to change and subserip-
tion papers circulated. People who
know about the self-supporting women
of New York say that such a hotel as
is planned is urgently needed and
would be sure of patronage. Varios:
authorities submit that there are 2.000
wrt students in town every year, 209%)
students of music, 2,000 trained nurses
end medical students, and thousanda
of journalists, stenographers, physi
cians and other business and profes.
sional women. It is estimated that
‘pere are 40,000 self-supporting womes
A this city who could afford to live
¥
at such a , hotel as Is “planned. The
minimum cost of board and lodging
it would be $8 a week. It is comput
that a hotel containing 825 rentable
rooms (besides lodgings for its house
staff) would pay, when full, gross
income of $435,406. Its estimated ex-
penses would be $253,055, which gives
an apparent surplus of E182 400,
a
The sudden growth of sreat cities is
the first result of the peenamenon of
immigration which we ave {o noe,
observes Prof. Ripley in the Popular
Monthly. We think of this
an essentially American problem.
We comfort ourselves in our failures
of municipal administration with that
thought, This is a grievous deception.
Most of the European cities have lo-
creased in population more rapidly
than those in America, Shaw has em-
phasized the same fact in his brilliant
{ work on inunicipal government in Eu-
This is p ly true of great
German urban Berlin has
outgrown metropolis, New
York a generation, having
Years added #8 many
nts as Chicago, and
phia Ham-
many in
Leip-
same
occurred in
Belence
ng
| rope cular
centers
our own
in less than
fis
in twenty of
new
reside
as Philadel
gained twice as
70 as Boston
St. Louis
fon since 1X
|
distanced The
rap outhu
11. Co-
(Clove
although
we four
than
Dus-
ae
Ph,
fie ad
ow
y Mar
crowd
from
| sight
rkmen
BMONE
by the
Kens,
iamestic
cece of
neat
ink as he
the way,
things roost
nowhere
never at-
unter,
or four
morning
undred
a
punted over h
was their
+ will not get
fight every
own poultry yard
out your way
dog or cat that attempts to run in op-
position, and scramble with a maa
or a child who digputes with them for
| a fallen scrap of meat. But they keep
the Charleston markets clean, perfect-
Ag a result of their thorough
scavenger work this is the cleanest
and healthiest meat market in the
world.
1n consideration of their assistance
In keeping the city clean the munici-
pal council bas made it an offence to
of
will
er not only has to pay a £10 fine, but
usually gete a free jecture on the laws
of health and the value of the bus-
gards as ascisf@nt members of the lo-
cal board of health, By an hour after
sunrise the birds have all left the city.
Yt is for this reason that the visitor to
the city, who usually gets up after that
hour, and strolls out later, never seas
this extraordinary sight of wild birds
acting as market scavengers. — Wash.
ington Star.
The highest pay given German rails
way engineers is $1.25 a day, while the
sonductors receive only $1. Many of
them have to be on duty fifteen 5p
eighteen hours a day.
The three Europeans standing high-
est in the Chinese customs service are
Irishmen,
a - eke a
@