THE FAxM AND GARDEN. \NTEREST ON ACRICUL- TURAL TOPICS. ATEMS OF Manuring Millsides — Growing Foreign Crapes—The Best Turnip Continuous Egg Laying, Etc, Etc. MANURING HILLSIDES, Because the level valley is richer for farmers to suppose that there must be each year a heavy deposit from the hillside in the valley below. But if anyone manures a hillside with the expectation that it will appreciab- ly fertilize the soil farther down the hill he will learn his mistake. We have several times tried it, and could never see that the manure had any appreciable effect more than two or three feet below the line where it was applied.— Boston Cultivator. GROWING FOREIGN GRAPES, To our liking, some of the best kinds of American grapes have much better flavor than do foreign varieties, Bu‘ tastes differ, and there who think no grapes are so good the that in country have, until now, n only under glass But these varie.les are those Hs this foreign varieties been grown t stand our are hardy enough to ters and ripen early enongh t« ceeed 1n our [ can only be kept What has been cides for destroying milde very likely to succeed as well snmmers, from iron learned eign grape vines, enabling be cheaply grown out of doors in hothouses now -Americal THE BEST TUI For winter use ther variety of tarni erdeen, es] : 3 of a pure strain Se als, This old riven a mul well been twe rin the past ty ve 18 not a qUICK grower Dutch, it keep a long time It 1s equal to a rutabag: but 1s not ne rot like 4 tr is a | after baga he southern dairy growers eannot well crop; that is, unless he crop f artichokes for his stock. sd] not COs vo breed 1 day for any very 10d of rest 11 1 4} * CRlLied ae 1 here f, though somet are a » or two between is really surpri and some of t H ally of stg her weight in ee or four weeks Fe egg furnishes the mo tA IAD can eat hing is eatable Il hens have to pa ting To pro luce a new thers takes much the nutrition to produce an During this period, therefore, ction ceases, and if mon aved until cold weather the f{ t usually begt laying until spring sane as GREEN HAY IN THE MOW When hay, especially clover, to heat in the mow the safest way 1s t pitch it all on the rack and take it on in the barnyard, spreading it as muel as possible. By the time it hs been pitched over once the hay will | dried out enough so that it aweat or heat again. Few realize that the heat developed by fermentation dries out of grass quite as rapidly as wonld the same temperature out of doors. Bnt it is much easier to pre vent this injury than to eure it after it has been done. One layers of dry straw on the mow will absorb all the surplus moisture. [It well also to put some of the dry straw on the mow, to hold the moisture given off by the warm sir from the mow as it comes in contact with the cold air that blows over it. Quite often the top of the mow will be entirely rotten, while all the hay beneath it has dried without injury. If dry straw had been thrown over such mows the moisture from the clover or the grass beneath it would be absorbed, greatly increasing its value for feeding purposes. AE will not or two 18 RUSTRD OATS, The oat crop is much more likely to rust than any other grain, mainly be- cause it ripens later in the season, and when increasing warmth has filled the soil go full of plant food that the rain gets more sap than it can use. his is especially true if there has previously been a good deal of rain to make the plant food available. Oats will also rust if they have been sown so thinly ss to make their growth very rank. Thick seeding is necessary, so that the plants being from the first crowded will find use for all the fertility their roots ean gather. Oats nearly always rust in the Northwest, where the soil is rich in nitrogenous matter but is not so rich in mineral fertility. It is partly to prevent rusting that we advise heavy seeding snd a dressing of 150 pounds per acre of phosphste. It is a! i to obstruct the sap, preventing it ae good as good as phosphate, though to perfect the grain the phosphate is also needed. Potash dissolves sand, and it is this silicate of potash that makes grain straw gritty, and dulls the tools in cutting it The straw of rusted grain lacks grit, naed Som—— A CHICKEN-PROOF FENCE, 0, P. leynolds, of I have tried various modes of less but have never found anything that gave really good satis faction until recently One of my former difficulties was to so arrange the posts that the fowls not alight on the tops aud then hop ont Two years ago I built another yard and worked another idea intomy fence. I procured somw short posts four or SUCCOsSs, could long and placed them in the then fin NOCessAry ground the usual depth, 1 out the remaining three-inch board to that it the feet high. At two six-inch [ then used put on in the onter edge 80 made ] O8L s1X and the bottom 1 la boards one-half vad s apart five inche five-foot netting, which was the usual fence be + tween way, making a six and seven feet as a crop which looked, and that of fodder, s t ye fod ler hows I it is cured and cut de The farmer with a Ww a only compete with the large farm by growing more produce on acre. He can give personal supervision to all details and afford enltivation than can be given by owners of very large farms The food the flavor of milk and butter. When the hay is properly cured it will be better than if any defect exists, because it will affect the flavor to a certain extent. All foods for cows should be of the best quality if a superior product is de- sired. Tes can an better controls that the majority of farmers buy beans. The white navy bean can be produced in all sections, and if not profitable as a erop should at least be grown for home consumption. Com- pared with the staple crops, however, it will be found more profitable than some. for himself, but for others. He may have Lis personal preferences for some for his own use, but the articles that are to be marketed must be of the tomers. Study the markets and en- deavor to learn what is wanted and then supply the demand. There is no crop more neglected than fodder and the waste of this valuable cattle food over the whole country is enormous. fodder mistake in not the cornection with the hay. using in I'very year deep and shallow enlti- vation of corn is tested at the experi- ment stations and there has been no conclusion to which is the better method, owing to the difference in soils and location. Thirteen stations, however, have made experiments with results rather favorable to shallow ew At the Ohio station the yield from cultivating one ns average tooth cultivator 81x acre greater than from eultivation with a Deep cultivation may be beneficial when the plants are very small, but after the roots have spread through the surface of the soil the cultivation should be shallow, wis bushels per four inches double shovel. Knowledge is power in farming. The farmer who reads what othersare 8 receiving the experience of successful or doing i those who have been made mistakes, which enables him to adopt any superior methods or avoid may make nnle in- most unwise course ap print, errors that he us formed. The pursued by some farmers is their anything seen in and it is strange that this class of per Withont experi rovement, and a diffu position to sons 1s a large one ment and ump f PRI wly, part inner finger and thumb tips Am MATLY adical man recently assisted in 1 bliin i liscover by f ry irom Sections perhaps a sixteenth of inch thick were carefully sliced off the inner surfaces of the index and middle fingers of the right band. Under a high power these show ed, instead of a nerve-trunk and artery and vein of the average man, a most com- plex and delicate ramification of nerve filaments, dainty and minute nerve twigs in immense numbers branching from the main stem. Through con- stant use the finger tips of the blind acquire this unusual development, with more and more perfect perform- ance of function.—The Microscope. single Power of Sunshine. A French scientist calculates that in an average day the sun will pour on two and a half acres of ground heat which might be turned into energy equal to the muscle power of 4,163 M. Mouchot believed that this heat might be utilized and made to do the work now done by steam and electrici- ty. He found that by condensing the heat playing on less than a yard and a half of ground he could boil two pints of water. By arresting sun- i | j ; zation by using directly the enormous power which comes to us daily from the sun. This power ia calculated at A GOLD MINE WIZARD, in Finding * Pay Dirt.” | Locating Rich Veins of Precious Metals by Methods Known Only to Himself~How | a Skeptical Claim-Owner Was Con- vinced, A Deadwood (8. D.) letter Chicago Record says : The railroad managers were nnwil ling to rely upon current reports in determining whether to build branch lines into the Ragged Top district They knew that rich had found there, but they could not certain that the district promised to afford traffic enough to warrant the expense of construction of stub lines until experts had made a thorough in spection of the district So the two | great railway companies whose lines to the i ore been be penetrated the hills pooled issues and employed Dr. A. W. 8 wining engineer who possessed a most wonderful faculty for locating ore de 5 fe doctor made a thorough inspection of the district, and report the railroads determined build Rothermel, a posits with unerring sccuracy his to upon tracks . Dy lothermel is a He miners of Co ado qr is to the men « almost supernatu fame and of the mines demand in he We t Bi wt n » resents “Let him fix him later on,’ mel The following prospectors went up the gule aft: claims Black we member of the party, later joined by Rotherme was pitched and lunch setout they were eating the doctor spok Ed ““You have a claim here, Ed?” Yes.’ “When I finish of express x 3 y : #ay what he piease responded week a small . r their eating I'll go eut Ed was the first to leave the and the doctor soon followed walked possibly a hundred feet “This is my claim,” said Ed. “Al right—go and get a pick and shovel.” With some hesitancy Ed complied In his absence the doctor tock a hur table, They | roundings generally. He pulled a red When Ed came back he was told to go to the bush and dig three feet, when he wonld encounter the ledge and find pay dirt there. The day was hot and Ed had his doubts, His countenance denoted The doctor urged him on, and he began to But he faith perceptibly. At three feet he en- ledge and his pick Down he went. ing. He was nonplussed, yet over- “Now,” said the doctor, ‘‘walk Ed did so, with sue. “Ed, you have been talking a good X Now you go back to If every throat!” Ed lost no time in setting the tor right again, spending most of night in reciting the interesting day, and 1s day dawned they took him hack. Rothermel's I'll lying don't do it down your you tooth doe the ex the new home in a of 1 WOrk He methods to himself are only has @ nn paper, and the studies resemble huge vari-colored He says every kind of rock has its affinity, and the presence of one attests the nearness of On some stones he sees the of their native surronndings, but lessons thus taught he alon« others photography the an read There is no necromancy in his art for he reaches all his deductions s scientific | ong THE LONGEST TUNNEL. Passes Beneath Pike's Peak, 7,000 Underground. being taken, so it was surprising that when the man took him cord and canght the man on the chest. The distance from Jim's hoofs to the water's edge was about ten feet and the man covered the space in remark. ably short time and reached the water in. a sitting posture. He had to be fished out to save him from drowning Then the donkey was dragged off to a box stall and locked in, —Chicago Chronicle. He Swamped Chicago's Violet Market. The original ““Allegretti” ice cream man is now living in Chicago at the age of seventy. Ignazo Allegretti ieft Italy in 1860 for political reasons, and went to the United States. In the and made money as a confectioner. Five years ago he shipped 1,000,000 violets from California to Chicago ina refrigerator car, and, placing them on sale in the Masonic Temple, offered them at prices that broke the market there. In 1895 he went to Chicago and opened a little candy store iu State street. The first day he made fifteen cents. Now he occupies an entire building and has a large corps of clerks to attend to his business, — London Sun. It is estimated that the daily suppl of needles for the entire worl amounts to 3,000,000 of varying shapes and sizes, while the United States alone calls for a yearly supply $00,000,000, A CONTENTED PEOPLE, Mexican Villagers Whose Habits Are Very Simple. The inhabitants of the little interior villages of Mexico retain many of their primitive customs able, congenial and life, though treme, is a happy one corn, beans, herds of and gi women, in addition to their household vegetables, flowers, fruits They from which they spin manta (a cotton fabric! for On their feast they go to chureh They are peace re Their ex ligions monotonous in the They cultivate sipall rats The performing enltivate and plants TRIAS ( wheal, and possess cattie duties, for medicinal use, otton, days, which dressed in bright costumes, those f the adorned with The senoras wear striped dresses of whit The while pidens being white ribbons of many colors and : blue hair 1s wor? upon } Belm 0 ago Free State territory be fad is one of the perplexities of the managers of the fair. People accustomed to diet on their fellows find it difficult to get used to the delicacies of civilization, Years ago a Fiji Islander was brought to the United to negotiate a treaty. He couldn't adapt himself to the mild meat of the Americans, and he sickened and died. His body 1s buried in the little graveyard of the Brooklyn Navy Yard. With a carload of cahnibals the difficulties of the situation greatly increase. Belgiam evidently wanted to create a sensa- tion, so Afrikanders of the most pro. nounced peculiarities were secured, On one ship 268 Congo natives were brought to Antwerp. A score of them belong to the tribe which recently re- volted against Baron Dhants, Some of the black men come from an upper Congo tribe which thinks that the beauty of its people is greatly enhanced by what white men would consider disfigurement. When young, these natives have their cheeks sliced in two places. The intervening flesh is drawn up and made to protrude like a cock's comb. In some of the tribes this comb is made to extend from the forehead to the crown of the head. Two members of the nation of dwarfs mentioned by Stanley are in- cluded in this strange cargo. They do not seem capable of imbibing any intelligence. States Man tills but one-fourth the land of the earth. The rest is mountain, des. ert, swamp or barren.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers