Agricultural, The Turnip Crop. The turnip crop is one of the most tion, but it is one that is more gen- -arally neglected than any other. Itis mot so valuable a crop as parsnips, car- «rots or beets, so far as its feeding value / is concerned, but it can be produced at less cost that the others. Beets, carrots and parsnips should go in early, in - order to get a good start in growth, but we have the advantage of being able to defer the putting in of turnip seed till July, after the new crop of seed is ready, and cultivation is carried on during a period when no other crops are being seeded. Considering the cost of pro- duction, the turnip crop should be a special one on every farm. They keep well during winter, and not enly serve «an excellent purpose when sliced and fed in the raw state to stock, but can also be cooked and mixed with other «food. Not only are the roots valuable, ibut the tops also—there is no part «wasted. By weight they produce heav- ily, and are not deficient in bulk when <gompared with many other crops. The most essential feature connected with the cultivation of turnips is to make the seed bed fine. The seeds are very small, and must not be deeply covered, and no lumps or other obstruc- tions should be tolerated on the location intended for them. In procuring seed get that which has matured this season, and use it liberally, as this plant is often attacked by the turnip fly, which is very destructive, Turnips may be sown broadcast on ground that has been cultivated and kept clean and free from grass and weeds the previous year ; but they should never follow corn, ex- perience having demonstrated that such «rotation does not result well. The seed may be sown in drills—the ‘drills to be of such distance apart as serves best for either the hoe or cultiva- tor. When they are high enough to thin out an ordinary hoe will cut away all that are not desired, leaving the most vigorous plants and hand-picking is sometimes necessary to thin out the stools that are left. During all stages of growth the crop should be kept free from intrusion of weeds and grass, as turnips are sometimes overtaken by irought, during which time it is abso- lutely essential not only to keep down weeds but also to keep the soil loose by frequent cultivation. The best fertilizer for turnips is superphosphate ; but the addition of a proportion of guano and potash in some shape will be beneficial. Above all, however, there is nothing better for them than a liberal application of good, fine, well-rotted stable manure ; espe- cially if it has been broadcasted and well worked in with the harrow before drilling in the seed, Grass or Cultivated Ground for Pears. Nothing seems more surprising than the rapid movement which seems to fiave been made the last fifteen to twenty years in favor of growing pear- trees in grass. We well remember, when the subject was first mooted, what a storm the suggestion made. It was dooked on as the height of absurdity, and ‘those who recommended it were thought to be lunatics of the most confirmed description. We never took any sides in this question until our own experi- «ance proved its value, and when we have successful instances of pear-cul- ture in grass, as we often have, We - do not deny that there are many good cultivators who have excellent success in what is called clean culture of pear- orchards, Their error has been in re- garding its as the only successful plan. As we have said, it is rather remarkable how great is the change the other way ; and we should not be surprised one of these days to find the public running to the opposite extreme, and insisting that in grass only can pears be grown. We are confident that the crops are more regular, the fruit more perfect and the trees are better protected against blight. We do not, in fact, ever remember hav- ing a pear-tree to die of blight, not that we believe grass is a perfect protection, only that such is the fact. The ground is uniformly cooler in grass than in woultivated land, and to a certain extent snoister, and then, too, the roots are never disturbed. We have lost several standard and a number of dwarf trees by blight ; in fact, latterly not a year 1passes that there is not a diminution of our trees in this way; while in grass sothing but old age seems to cause them to succumb, When we say that we I have three trees on our premises said to be full one hundred and fifty years old, in good bearing condition, one of them ‘apparently as good as ever it was, we think there is good ground for our «opinion, — Germantown Telegraph. * Farm Notes. Rye measuring 7} feet has been exhi- ' bited at Sparta, Tenn, It is estimated that the Georgia melon + crop this year will reach upwards of © 7,500,000 melons, and will sell for - $1,500,000, in that country last year was 278 bushels per acre, and the average for 7 )ears 204 bushels. Nebraska claims so have raised the largest apple ever grown in this country. It weighed 204 ounces. A model of it in in the Smithsonian institution at Wash- ington. An exchange says that a New York farmer declares that an acre of Hubbard squash will fatten ten more hogs than the corn that can be raised on the swine ground. He bas gathered from six to eight tons from an | acre, Kerosene oil may be used for destroy ling insects on plants as follows: | Take a tablespoonful of the oil and ' mix it with half a tea-cupful of milk and then dilute with a gallon of water. It can be applied with a syringe, after which the plants should be rinsed with clean water. As a remedy for hog cholera, a cor- respondent of the Journal of Agriculture recommends a half teaspoonful of car- bolic acid in a gill of milk, This reme- dy he states has been successful in every case, and not only cures but stops the spread of the disease. It is administer- ed from the mouth of along necked bottle. WEEDS. —The great work month is to kill weeds. of this crops, but keep the cultivator at work and keep the crop free from them. It estimated that the weeds rob us of half the profits of our corn crop alone, and the farmer who keeps his crops free from makes a profit, while his neighbor who lets the weeds grow loses money on every crop grown.,— Farmer's Compan- ion, The Live Stock Record says : in horses is often brought on by feeding hay passed through cornstalk cutters, mixed with meal, middlings or bran, then wet up. The horse eats this food thus prepared so rapidly that it is not properly masticated, and conse- quently becomes so clodded im the stomach as to cause indigestion, fellow- ed by colic, more especially colic.” A Philadelphia company has bought 10,000, WHERE BLUE GRASS ORIGINATED, readers to know that blue grass, so fa- mous in Kentucky, was first raised in Indiana at alittle Indian village called | Miami Village, on White river, in| Hamilton county. In the year 1781, John and William Connor were stolen by the Indians from Pittsburg, Pa, and brought to this village. John here beeame the chief man among the | Indians and through him we learned | that blue grass was a native of what is now Hamilton. In 1810, as General Harrison's army was returning south, they took quantities of it to Vincennes and Kentucky, and from there it, spread. Judge Finch, of Indianapo- lis, has often been heard to corrobo- rate this statement, and it may be ac- cepted as correct that blue grass was first raised in what was then known as the Northwestern territory, now Indiana. FENCE Posts. ~The Scientific Amer- ican tells of a recipe by which fence posts of even the softest woods can be made durable, The original source of this valuable infermation ‘‘discovered many years ago’ that wood could be made to last longer than iron in the ground, but theught the process so gimple that it was not well to make a stir about it. Would as soon have poplar, basswood or ash as any other kind of timber for fence posts. Have taken out basswood posts after having been set seven years that were as sound when taken out as when first put in theground. Time and weather seemed to have nd effect upon them. The posts can be prepared for less than two cents apiece, This is the recipe: Take boiled linseed oil and stir in pul- verized coal to the consistency of paint, Put a coat of this over the timber and there is not a man that will live to see it rot. Shropshire Downs. Combining as they do a heavy carcass of choice mutton with a fleece of good weight and of that fine medium staple that never goes out of favor, the Shropshire Down sheep are rapidly rising in popularity with American breeders, ‘They are vigorous, hardy, and stand close herding in large flocks without loss of size or stamina; the ewes are careful mothers and good nurses, vielding plenty of milk ; they are prolific, flocks frequently producing 40 per cent. of twins ; they are hearty feeders, and have unusually great powers of assimilation of food, therefore they attain great weights at an early age ; yet they kill well, giving a large proportion of choice meats, The quality generally introduced to our markets, its use would quickly. banish the prejudice 80 many Americans have against “mut- ton. Almost a century has passed since the foundations of the Shropshire Down breed were laid by crossing the Cotswold and the Leicester on the original stock found on Morfe Common, a tract of some 600,000 acres in England. The original sheep had horns, and brown or black faces. The horns they have lost, but the brown faces are retained, and the legs are dark gray. In those parts of America where wool alone is the object for which the flock is kept, the Shropshires will be found profitable ; where both wool and mutton find ready market, it may well be doubted if a better breed can be kept. Importations of Shropshires to Am- erica are increasing in volume and in frequency. There are in the vicinity of Chicago a number of flocks of much merit, and other flocks are scattered through the country fronr Canada to Texas. For the good of a land which, in the first seven mouths of this year paid more than $40,000,000 to other countries for wool and woolen goods, it is to hoped that every reasonable effort will be made to extend a knowledge of the characteristics of this breed, and to people. dreeders of Shropshires in America are thinking of taking measures for opening a in which, under proper regulations as to proot of pure register Midland Fa rier. Book FanyMinag,—A few years ago a city gentleman bought what is general- usual to bring up the productiveness of the land, he bought a large quantity of potash from the city and mixing it with his farm. waited patiently for planting Meanwhile the were watching time, farmers next year. So when He said nothing. but dressed his without the there who had a good crop of potatoes, and then it was his turn to laugh. Farmers' Companion, a Our Insulated Manufactures. The New York Nation says: *““Ii is generally admitted that the production of iron now outstrips the consumption. On April 21 there was a decline of $2 per ton : a further decline of 2 was an- nounced and still lower prices are pre- dicted.” How, then, are the mills to be kept at work ? And if the mills are not kept at work how are laborers in the iron manufactories to find work ? What does the term over-production mean ? Only that the iron mills of the United States produce more than the people of the United States can con- sume, No reference is had to the war- kets of the world, These are closed because the manufacturers of this coun- try cannot, under the tariffs here pre vailing, compete in any free market. They can sell only in a market from which all others are excluded. The machinery used here, a part of the raw material used here, the clothing and much of the necessaries of every labor- er's life are taxed so that no manufabt- urer in the United States can enter into competition with another who procures his material and supplies in a free ma; - ket, This is why the mills of American manufacturers must shut down when the home market is supplied. Strikes and shut-downs are the inevitable fruit of a protective policy of the extreme features of that now prevalent in this Government. Our commerce is kept up by industries which are not only un- protected but compete in foreign mar- kets despite the tax put upon them by the tariff. Agriculture furnishes nine- tenths of the exports of the country, competing with the world after paying high tariffs on the house the farmer lives in, the clothes he wears, the im- plements he uses, and on the wigo and cars with which his products are carrier! tu market, Relieved from taxa- tion imposed for protection, it is be- lieved our manufacturers could -also compete in every market with all com- ers, Certain it is our manufacturers are insulated under the existing system and cannot enter any field beyond our own borders, The geatest pleasure 1 know is to do a good action by stealth and have it found out by accident, — Lamb, Fashion is Queen. Pretty capotes with straw crowns and brims composed of plaitings of lace will be much worn as the season ad- VANCes, Cockades of ribbon in two contrast- cockscombs, trim many bonnets, New flannel suits for children are made of cheviot flannel, ggrnet, blue, dark green and gray being the favorite colors, The summer silks ewhich come ip large plaids of brilliant blues and reds sell more readily than any other for dress skirts, A simple and graceful overskirt has a deep, round apron front that reaches to the foot of the underskirt. Several thick, full plaits are laid at each side of the apron, and the back has two full breadths of the material, to be draped in soft folds. Yellow, in «4 score of tints, ranging from daffodil and primrose to citron yellow of a greenish tint, is a color that is now exceedingly fashionable in every sort of dress fabric, bonnet material and garniture, and in house-ador ning-— in drapery, panelings, brequins and curtains. Spring serges and basket-cloths are mostly in plaids, in even or irregular patterns, and in quiet, neutral tones of ecru, portieres, lam- fawn color, and pale cinnamon brown, elivened by dashes or intersec- ting hair lines of some bright color. Broken and fancy checks are more in use than the plaids “inch” blocks, The shepherd’s or Petersham felt hat for young It is of London felt, with sloping crown and slightly rolled brim, its severe trimming is a ribbed velvet band and buckle. Two kid bands, buckles and also trim these Euglish walking-hats, and the binding of the brim must be of the same Kind, The worn by youth in their teens, and steel with straps, mountain parasol has a long with strong silk. ined with Or watered silk, the handles bamboo, in heavy club style ong sticks, are a very conspicuous affair for Roman stripes | Terra-cotta sunshades, with very Among the handsome new brocades are exhibited patterns of large non- flowers in with pale-green foliage on a background of small interlaced arabesques of scarlet Another shows great sprays of pale-pink and tea roses on a delicate silver-gray satin background. The most notable of these brocades is a design in chaudron, or copper-colured satin, with large raised arabesques of foliage in exquisitely shaded tones of chaudron down each side of the breadtl Aldi, descript solid white, and gold color. carnations in their natural hues, This silk is literally as vithick as a board.” and costs thirty dollars a yard. This fabric is particu- larly adapted to regal toilets made with court train, and would appropriately adorn a stately matron treading with grace and dignity the figures of the minuet, It is told by modistes returning from abroad that, among other vagaries of fashion in the gay French capital, bon- nets and hats are now selected with a view to silently demonstrating the role the various wearers desire to enact be- fore the world... One style of hat—a “perfect love’ —tip-tilted over the eyes, and crowned with blush-roses, is in- tended to be expressive of sweet naivete ; another adorned with deli- cately tinted touch-me-nots and tender white lilies of the va lby, characterizes the wearer as of a gentle, clinging dis. position ; while formidable and atro- cious-looking bonnets, adorned with owls looking wise, eagles looking fierce, and daggers, swords and jewel-headed spears, are assumed by women who openly repudiate the tradition of weak- ness, and desire to demonstrate by a self-reliant demeanor their assumption af the free rights of women, 80 far as socisl customs and restrictive public opinien have surrendered to the claims for emancipation which they periodi- cally clamor for. i The Plucky Sparrow. — The sparrow is a saucy adversary, afraid of nothing and seldom worsted in « fair ight ; but of course he has to yield to superior numbers. Thus, not long ago in the Austrian town of Klagenfurth a throng of persons watch- od a siege which left a sparrow ina most deplorable situation, He had taken possession of the nest of a pair of swallows under the balcony roof of a savings bank and when they returned refused to be ejected. Whereupon they flew off and presently returned with a score of their kindred, each bearing a Jump of mud in its bill. Before the sparrow realized what was going on his enemies had shut him up in the nest, caded clusters of { The Household, | | I LETTUCE CREAM BALAD, Season the lettuce vinegar, salt, pepper and pounded sugar, all in sparing quantity. | Then pour over it the thickest cream ; you can obtain, This salad should be eaten soon after it is dressed, CUCUMBER SALAD. —Let the cucum- bers lie in salt and water one hour be- fore paring them ; then pare, and slice as thinly as possible ; drain through salted water ; add olive, lemon juice, pepper, salt and a little mustard inguan- tities to taste, and serve, HARD Savce,—Two cups of pow- dered sugar, add half a cup of butter, slightly warmed, so that the two can be worked up together. When they are well mixed, beat in half a teaspoonful of nutmeg and the juice of a lemon. Whip smooth and light, mound neatly upon a plate, and set in the cold to harden. Ham aAxp Macaroni--Cold ham, either fried or mixed with macaroni, boiled, is very good Boil the latter until tender ; warm dice of the former in a saucepan and mix them with the macaroni, adding a little melted butter and milk to moisten it. Frieo Cinickes, —Cut the chicken into six or eight pieces, with salt and pepper. Season well Dip in beaten egg, then in tine bread erumbs in which there is one feaspoonful parsley for cupful of crumbs, Fry ten minutes in boiling fat. the center of 4 cold dish with sauce, of chopped every Lover Tartare Arrange the chicken on this and garnish with a border of pickled beets, 80 it can be served with cream. REMEDY For CoxstiraTion.—Tle following formula has been found very valuable where the healthy : patient is otherwise given in all ages, from the infant to the adult, regulating the dose to suit Extract of ounce : tinct, : extract of bel- dram Dose it can be the age: fluid 1 of nux vomica 2 drams fluid mix. cascard sagrada ladonna glycerine 1 Teaspoonful to an adult, night and moming, as necces- ounce | SAry, CATMFAL DRINK. — Mix one-half pound of oatmeal with five gallons of cold water, boil it for half an hour and strain it through a rather coarse gravy strainer hot, Itis very much improved by the addition of one-half ounce of citric acid of ws id, The rind of two or three lemons add brown sugar to taste while Or one ounce tartar thinly cut or oranges may be boiled in it, or a still cheaper flavoring is to add, before boil- ing. a bit of cinnamon stick or a few cloves, To be served cold. Cheese Biscurrs, —Take four ounces of grated cheese, three ounces of finely grated bread crumbs, two ounces of butter, a teaspoonful of flour of mustard, a saltspoonful of cayenne, one of white pepper and two beaten-up eggs: melt the butter and mix all the ingredients together, and let them stand an hour. Knead and work out the paste as thin as possible, and cut it into triangles or roll it up into thin sticks about three inches long. Bake in a quick oven for sixteen eighteen minutes | serve hot. Cnerry PrppiNG.—Make a crust as for baking-powder bissuit ; roll it out till it is about two-thirds of inch thick. Stew enough cherries so that when they are spread on the crust they will cover it and be deep enough to make a good layer of fruit; roll the crust up then, taking care to keep the cherries from falling off. Wrap a cloth around it; sew it loosely with a coarse thread, which is easily pulled out. Allow plenty of room for the crust to rise Lay this on a plate and set it in a steamer. Steam it for an hour and a half, PreserveDp CHERRIES. — Pick and stone the cherries ; put them in layers with powdered sugar, in a deep earthen dish, allowing balf a pound of sugar to each pound of cherries ; let them stand in a cool place three days : then boil al- together in a copper preserving kettle, drawing the kettle from the fire, or stir- ring it down every time it boils, until it boils up six times : then pour all into an earthen dish and let them cool ; then take up the cherries from the syrup, drain them ; lay them in thin layers, on hair sieves in a warm oven to dry ; turn them out on elean sieves every six hours until they are quite dry; they way then be packed in boxes between ayers of paper. A NEw WAY 10 MAKE CURRANT JELLY. ~The currants are to be picked, washed and syruped in the usual way, and thie juice placed in a stone or earthen vessel, and set away ina cool place inthe cellar; in about twenty-four hours a considerable amount of froth will cover the surface, produced by fermen- tation, and this must be removed and thie whole again strained through the jelly bag ; then an equal weight of pow- dered white sugar added ; this is stirred constantly until entirely dissolved, and then put into jars, tied up tightly and then put away ; at the end to satisfactory which will Fresy PIxparrLE. ~ When proper] prepared this is a delicious fruit for dessert, but as usually served, cut round in slices, it is naught. It should be carefully peeled and all the “‘eyes’ taken out in the morning of the day on which it is to be used. Ieave the top- most plume of green leaves, apd set the fruit on the dish in which it is to be served, Then dust it thickly with powdered sugar and let it stand until it is to be served. Tear it apart with a fork, holding the plume of green leaves with the left hand This mode of serving insures the retention of the rich juices, ot From Demores! The Last Great Eclipse. The astronomers of all nastiwous who went to observe the eclipse of the sun at the Carolina Island in the Pacific on May 6th, had the rare good fortune to have a cloudless day on which Lo make their observations. are said to be very important. They found no trace of a planet between "Mercury and the sun, which it was sus- pected existed, which had been named Vulcan, The results and The the solar photosphere outer corona of is now found to be due to refraction. It is said the spec- trum revealed lines which were undis- tinguishable by the astronomers, and this means that there are metals or other material substances in the body of the sun which are unknown to our planet, least go far as the discovery has gone. at msi A Pass in the Mountains. A discovery has recently been made in South America which promises a most important change in the future of that monster peninsula. As is well known, the Andes mountains are a bar- rier between the west coast and nine- tenths of the territory of South Amer- has kept back the progress of the interior, which is inaccessible except his ica, from the Atlantic coast ; bul now a pass has been discovered in the mountains bes tween Chili and the Argentine territory near Lake Naheulhaspi. This will open up an immense fertile territory, hereto- fore one of the most neglected corners of the "i 3 Can ve globe, built of the Argentine Republic, across Chili By this pass a railroad from the western outposts ils western where at seventy miles has to be vecupied, to a Chilian port at the bead of the gulf which lies between Chiloe island and the mainland. This pass opens up a country with the temperature very much like the United States, that is, on a latitude with New York. The middie of the next century will see myriads of human beings occu- pying the fertile pampas east of the Andes, The commerce will be con- ducted through this newly discovered pass, and perhaps others may be found equally available for the dense popula- tion yet to be developed south of the Equator. Who knows, perhaps the eccentric suggestion of Rowan Helper to build a railroad from the extreme North to the extreme South on the tops of the Rocky and the Andes mountains along the whole length of North and South America, may yet be realized. point, Other Worlds than Ours. An incredible story is seriously given in some of the journals about the dis- covery of a sword which was found in an aerolite. A certain physician in the State of New York was attracted by a very brilliant shooting star which fell in the bed of a creek near where he was riding. Subsequent investigation on the spot where it fell discovered a sword of peculiar shape, which had evidently been wielded in battle, and which must have been used by one who would have been deemed ** a giant among the” sons of men” in this world. Of course the presumption would be that this sword had fallen into the clay of a river, which was subsequently metamorphosed by heat into solid rock. In the course of ages a volcano developed under this rock, which projected the imprisoned sword into space beyond the attraction of the planet from which it came. In the course of time the wandering aerolite in the interstellar spaces became entangled in the atmosphere of the earth, and fell into the creek, the impact breaking and setting free the sword. This reads like another Cardiff giant story, bu t it isvery ingenious ; and it is barely possible that some day or other we may have positive proofs of the existence of life and intelligence in some of the myriads of planets which inhabit space. A microscopic examina. tion of meteoric stones at Berlin re- vealed the fact that they contain some sixty varieties of the outer shells of coral insects, which, of course, estab lishes the fact that they were attached to coral insects which lived in warm oceans of suit water. The water must have contained lime, and islands must have been bullt up above the ocean as they are on our globe. But that is, so trustworthy indication we have that there is anything on the other worlds approaching to the same kind of life we have on this,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers