ft-,- ! 1 I It. -sl I fc. 2 - f 4 filf. 1 i i i . r t H. A. McPlKE, Editor and Publisher. "HE IS A WHOM THE TRUTH MAKES Frr, NP . i.L A HE SLAVES BKSIofc." Terms, S2 per year, in advance. VOLUME XIL EBENSI5UUG, PA., FUIDAY, MARCH 29, 1878. nfmi.i.i. jo. SHERIFF'S SALES. ( ! r ill' S ' I I I ' I l l . 1 . r . i "t 1'. r'. t.if'i: iued nut nt tin; i , on -a- "f f'ambriti eon n t v mid ; . i 1 1 1. I h'Te i il be ei posed t i Hi tii in '. ; ',. 'mi i t II i;-e in ..ben-hurir, on ,.r I'... TUESDAY, APRIL 2d, I87B, i, i ii i I'M U. r. no- i.niuw iiik icin cstiiic, : t . i w 1 1 : I . . . i ,. - Lr) t , t ' ic :i ti'l interest of .Tucnl. Hn- ,' , ,,,,'j f.'.i "i ..'round fit tinted io Cur- J ,', ' , r ii .h. I '.'.m'tm (unity, l'n.. frnntin. ,,.' ... -p. ii i i iiiinir I'liim-h "treet n I 1 i"-.- X-M1-..U .,n u.r ..mn, wit ii en tin; west, hatinri : .1 .1 fA. irv rriiiim h,.ii ;in.i i the t ....uj.tin.-y -;f .F.-,.-..!. iiiii.cr. i. an 1 f h 1.1 at the ,u.t o: r:!:r. t !' .ni t int"ru-t tit MU h'l :i. :ni i t'i :i I"' "I liri'tinil yitunte in . i. r"U-j ' t ' i ti:i hi nt y . I'ii.. irniit- M in l I r T ill rlltlMT (in I In north 1 .. in '!. having tlnrciiii ; ink ) u? n til plai:k .-T :i I'lc, , .1 .1 ;! !! . nil . I a ki n i II - .it r Ik- sum ill" .1 ..liii lim k ..vi utiir-i nl ( ii-ii. Weak- ' ' : ! . tit!.- ami intrri'Ft ,if 'Ii.irles i: ii. I t. . a pi. i-i' i,r iar,'cl nl Ian. I ! n t. w :,-h:. I 'iimliriii county, !..;,!- ,! fit' r Kinni'V. ( 'iitnl.rla r- W Imi. itii-l .itlH'r.-. cmta ininu: . ! ii I ... in ' ii'Ti'j (I "ii ri'il. Ii.iv t w. nry nhm k Imu-i' ;in I if : ii i rupi'- l. I'iikcn in rxci'U--.'!! :r tl..' f .f "I 1 !i"inas Kinticv. : r :i hi . t it ! ;iT:l int. r"-t ..! ,i. Im ! ,:: ii ii 1 t . a J.'i i' or nr'H ! Iiui'l ; ii'- ,;,nn; t'.n iislii.. 'iitnlTis enuti i,:i' im i-- ! l.-i.i.ir.l Fiirat'iiiiirti , v'.Mii.itu M't '"tnl'ie oil the wost. i 1. r ijn t!n' n.irtlinnil i't. con r. -i m-.r.'i.r li'ss. nit.-ut 'J.', aorcs nl i " I. I,jit- rli 'ii'.iri cri'ct''.l .1 niii' r 'i.itik I. !"" (tain nl black ,. : ... i . . ;i ii . y ! .1 ..titi V il i. ;i .hi .u.i! to Ih: 5.1.1 at t ho K i: k :- --k . '. r . t !nti rc!"t i.f Slliin . t t. (.;. -re - l pan-el nl lan.l Fit t 'vii- 1 1- ii. '-.tul.ria rotnity. Fa., i : i : .liii' i s A.lmii', Harry lirp. i 1 . ! n iii: I ii' I i it . iii! (i in in it luo r iii i.it ;.i H'-ros ot whirli arc j t i,.t.'.4 a inn story frame it:, if 'it ' I i' iK'iniiitw-y ..I Ntlii. v . ti .- ij. i ion a ii. I to I'tt .o'.l at the i-ipp r-ilit. ti'lo an ! intcri st of IV-no- t in Hi I in i pit-. r pan-cl nl Inn.) r-. i: t..wr.'-!iiji 'iitnl riii iintv. Fa., t - it ll.'i.rj Il'.pplr. Win ArLIe. ' . :i!i-l i.rlii r. .'uiitiiinirnff 75 aiTits. i in :;; iii rr-: oi u ht. li rc clcart'il, : r i t 1 i one story In Inuise ami in 'Ii -i np ip.-yot IIiTie.tirt Knlke. n't n iiri-l i i tr ,-.. at the suit ol f. vs. ht. ami interest nl' John i:i t.. a lot ot ifrouml sitijiiteil in i - !!. f i'ni.r'a eounty. Fa.. ' .- ti-. mi .M iim street, on the nnrtTi , :, -!,i. !-! I iv lot nt Stephen I'un-t-'i'Hi l.y I' t nt ' ttn r : tAliar!:: :i i-n-'-te ! i ! trite two story Iranti; I m ! tti. st.iHi-. im in tint oeeii. i . . It.in -. .1 ... . .!..!.;, I M-i'. oi a- 1 . !, st . !'a. i".:if!.-.: a.i ! tin' riiiht, title i n a te! to t v !. it s Sprinus l.nriiitiili. it t iie iii r ; U hy .1 n i t. mi t he I'D -t tv i tl, t I v lot nt John i pi I a oi.l ...t auk t.ii the tt t ol T .-I si v. Ft tn- ,r j.:i ..! sr ;t t te I- I : r ! Ae ! 1 1 y M ;. r-. in r' - . n t .n . i 1 1 v-.f. !i v ti j 1 1., in 1 i k- li ill e.xeeut loll . .1 . JIuek , etnli'i ee I. 1 I S I K. f - ! .. ' i -D inl of the piireliKFe : .1 : !n- pi i ipci t is kimcki'il . I k 'l-thil Jj, !,,n lllf -.;.!. JollN" IIYAX. S'mtiir. 1 is! ir'. M o-. Ii II. 1-TS. i'"- ' -lit . I't.,-... I I. ; ., t :r i. ltt-i i;f .'','. f',I.H!li I".-!!,?. 1 -nit i f T tin ('.tut 1 1 f i 'mil im t i '. i i'iiiit.v un I to tni' ilirietit. -1 t i pc. MM - sale, at t lie In .tel I il .1 ill i ( T i w il. ! I:-. If II S'liinrftiij, ijn if !lth, 1S7S, im k, r. it., tl-... foli'i'vii ir r.'iil est. te. . !.. r-,1! t i w 1 1 : '! ton! i:!.t. : titctp't of William p ir -i I of late! i! n . "am t.ria e 'U t: t v. 1 i-.ir.nl. . .1. Jlu'r-1-' len s, mure nr I t iii-r-' in ate! hav- I1 I 'i." ..t .! a-liii 1 1 Ft. ry (mine i .p -in. i stiioii-. not now oc orp.iri-.-l !n.l Mut.,l y. I'iiiTit.rTi -or,nty. Fa. 1 1 1 iv i". .Istifi 'orira!. imI til- y. .-. .y. I :. iitiirj; r-n .ii'rt'S. ;i e- ii ir ! . pi-ni il t he i-.'on. s n : .! !,. r ; ; t . . I ..( hi ... u 1 1,.. i,i " n t-li- i ij. ( '..ti t ri.i euiitttv. Fa., ii.tpenitiif I. !' 4 I: rity VJIji rp. I. .1. Al'.r- r i.m l- ot V ,n 1 il.-v.'cont.iit.iTii. t5" r ! . t-,. :i po -,',. or puree! nf i .1- Hifh ti..;t.i t ow nl'.i p. ( 'ii in triji .in- li'i't-' ol ,ci rs nl l rs. im'! U . Sl urp. ;inl uthei.s. i.tii.'fi' "t Ii-- 4?r.t. till l!ie 1 - flit!-,' ti til : in', r t- t N il i n in l i : v . of in t lite! s i initeil in 'nh- I'" 'in 1 p a .: i -r, i I'oti fit . I'a. . a-! oin itii I 'A Pn, Im. rhiirMv Sltarp. Ir-ir of 'i I "t It. t I i ii I -i . f 'w in I I ii'V. r..t- ' - . t : r - r !'ss 'I'll K i-ll ill I'XriMltimi ' a' ti:.- -i,;t of I. .1. il. mil, l-r .-'I s n':rw if.- ti k . ' r -iiit, tiiie iin I interest nf Jnrt A t . I.' I; .so. (irnstees .. ' n t r 1 iri-h. t-ti r,'W.) of, m nn, t., .,t 1 in tn- Hu 'i- ol Kiiirview tl I r i wt-it p. ( ':i .,, i.r ti i hi iv. Fa.. tr.jtitiitK ' o r. .it'! ;i . I ;i ; ;. ,i n , in; .9l& s of .1 nllilt lul II i I'll! ",, I li.-'t er. h.ivttiir itiT'C'll .-reteil ;- I.ii.l-litnr. tn.w us..! hy tin' I'tutcl ' ' ' -t 1 - i- it em. I i kiii in ex ecu t imi a ml ' !. suit i,l A . f ri'V'.. i th.' r i-ht. till.- nn I interest nf F. ir'.irf. ..r. iii :i n 1 to h lot nl .jroiiii.l i::i ; Fvv ; t .!.'. .ti Thorn. r . ..n the ninth n! n the tiofh ae. I wet. imvtnir therenn lank lnui.se aiel stable, now ir iiu v of p. .I i.vii, Oeiirliart. I'ukrn -ti a; I ti Ik'uII at the suit of M. W. ''.. L r use nl John Tli'irn, )r. ill li'- r.!,r. title anil Intereit .l Richard ; in ! .1 me l!cliin:in, of, in unit to a piece - ! 1 in. I -itiiHte in the villain of Murrcll- r t .vt r shi p. Cauilirin county. Fa., Irtint ii 'j n s, ri-t-t a ml a.lpiininie la mil cf John ' r.e iii a hm. ami others, contain iiK ii..r,. ,,r :,'ss. hiivinn thereon crecteil a trim." houi'. nut lmw oceupleii. Taken ' i natettohc sola at the mlt of T. K. : ri.. r. I' .x: ok S tr.K. Ono-thirrt nf the purchase . ; oi " pio'i wneii the propertr in ktKKtked " ''i.nn. the ri-tnatnifur two-thirds icfore the ' t !n niutinn of the lee.i. JOHN UVA V. .ehfritT. "let-iff somcf.. Ehenxliuric. March IS, P-TS TICK is lictcliv givjn to all par- lift interested, !h:U the aceoiiut Of II. ' !. :!-...! . Assignee f Henry Kil.l.let. an . -..t !,; r luis l.ecn ni. il in I he office or the .i -ti. ,viry ui the 'oiinty of t'ainhria, and that -i tioin i,c hied thereto, on or before I f-t i ly el .1 une I. rm. 1 TV tho luime will be i r i." ..o.',.M.lJ,. 1 riUin.Urr ii'.tHry it (jmce,KlM'iiaour. -Mar. UI. !;!' 11. NTKI. A irnctio.il fanner, who fii'ni,;, team and iiilnie- : i.iKe ettarj" of a l.irm in IJluek I ick . ' tt r h. nt ti e f;,i-t of April next. To l et 1, in-' m.ui l.t.ir.il iu.IuiJeiiienH :'.'r', '- AJ ,,y 1 ''''' f'"uc'- N VI " l l' I. I I,.. -miMi'iJ i.h.ii,, . r.,r I I. .an! of I'rti-tees nf it,.- Ktieti'litir;: - "in Kill I o , el, at o.fjer. 'l I i,( 1 1 -; ; ' out!, el. I .!av f the S, ro I he lfiir .,j j a rut x e. . .I Aprii ti. it. -i jf- IN). K. M'ANUX. Seerct.,rv. 'T'tli lsjH . Mower vee.is. h.o het varieties at whole, iin Iieland ami conquered the Tuatha-Da- ';--.'-.,i;,;,,.Vi;,i?ee: VnlV Iia:u's' vsl,m tl,a! J'eri,"l lht' intfrc,M,'T f ' "eirier.. . Ri-ifhamwu, N.V. I'Unts lu great ' ,1f,t w "f'n r-ml a,ul sl':un began, the road T!i..e' at u,n price?. J waJ lymg over the feat fully rolling waves The Ante-Columbian Discoverers of A inericrt. The belief that Christopher Columbus was tlie first Kuiopcan to discover A merica is so general that multitudes would be sur prised that a eison could be so hardy as to attempt controverting what we h;ve been taught as a truth from our school-days, and yet so stubborn are the Tacts adduced in support of the voyage of St. Brendan in J lie ntti century not, as in modem limes, Ii tx vi.a-l.. ..,... 1.1. i " " " u, uniwiin true ( liristiau missiin:iry spu it, to jueach the Gospel to heathen na'.ions. and Kather ,em into t,e f!(1 of C,rist-lt hat -c think it worth whiio to call atteution L. St. I'atiick lauded as a missionary inland in 4:)2. When in that part of Ii in part of Iie- l.iiid now known as Couniy Kei ty he pro'ih- e.-it'il the birth of a buy vsho would lo the fouiider of a Rieat inonastety at the place aftei wards known as Cloufci t, in the conn ty of (Jalway, the walls of which are Mill standing, bi. Itremlau had a cmisin named liaritithus, a seafaring man who lesided on the western coast of Ireland, fiom whom he had heaid wonderful accounts jf n voy age he had made to the happy islands in the western seas, o0 wheie the sun seems to set, where it is peipetual spring, and vsheie it is not required that the inhabi tants should labor to obtain food. It is an ei l otions idea to suppose that the Irish at that time had no ships capable of making such a voyage. It was at the time that boloinon was building his Temple, 1IXH) years before ( hiist, that the l'lm'ni cians left the coast of Tyre to sail the whole length of the Med iteri anean Sea, through the l'illars of Ilercuks and across the pres ent Iay of Biscay, a voyage as long as from the coast of Ireland to that of America while we see persons crossing the ocean :n our own days in small boats Iii or 20 feet long. The naval tleets of former days seem to be undervalued, for King Dathy brought a huge lleet from Iiolaud to Fiance and an tinny amongst which theiewas a large body of cavalry, and after that King's death by lightning near the Alps, his gen erals led them ho?ne about the year ysS. This fact alone proves very conclusively tl.at i lie ancient IriMi had ships capable of cai rying cavahy. St, Brendan traveled along the western 5ho:e of Ireland, seeking possible infoima tion from the descendants of the ancient Tuatha Danaan inhabitants.." the country. Having selected his crew, and made all his arrangements, he set sail fiom a well shel tei ed h ai bor in h is mil conn 1 1 y which beai s his name to this ';i , After a long and rough voyage, his little baik being well ovi-l. med li? came to summer seas, his itt a s.e.'h wesierly direciioti. ei ui; --j oei'ig liei he wat ctniiiil alo"u' uiioii ir.s V"V- ;i'e v it noiit stuis oi oars i m many (i.is. l liis. i! is i e;is,' Miab'e to i t t iitne, was l he u if Si i earn, which hroii 1. 1 t hem on shore r Ullh debtee si n;e'Al:eie .it" t;t i I non h lat i tude. I In re h.n iiig lande; ami rested awiiile, he matched inland for (ifleeti days steadily, when they ai lived at a great liver llowing inland from the sea, from east to west, a thing never before heard of, and showing a countty as laige as Kuiope and Asia both put toy; e". her. This gieat river is believed to have been the Ohio, as that di lectinii corresponds with the general comse of that river. As theie seemed to be no limit to Ibis hind of wondeis, the Saint de cided not to proceed any ftnther west at this time, but to leave moio wonderful dis- covei ies and I he f lit il rianizing of the sav- a i;e inhabit .ants to ot hei s who w on Id follow. It is easy to imagine numerous reasons why Brendan shouid iituin to the seaside j latimie. Aunt nf j.i ov isioiis, discolilelit i among his follov. ei s. etc., etc. 'I he nn i mensily of the discoveiy ihcy b;id made j was e.iougli to c ;ne.s their veuy litaiis wi:h tenor, added to which was the long ing which must have excited .l.eni to carry home the news to their own nation. This voyage of St. Brendan's look place acco.ding (o Colgau, the gieat Irish an tipiaiy, in theyeiii ."4t) ; other authority's set it down as beiny; a few jeais eailier. It is said that the legends at d accounts of this voyage, coinbuu il with the discoveiies by auot her I ri-h S.iint, Vngilin.-, Bishop cf Sal'.'.buig. in Bavaiia, of tlie spheiicity of t lie eai t h , i. st suggest el to t he active mind of Columbus the ulea iifthe existence of a w estei n con! inent. and t hat t he subject was fully c inlirttied in his m:nd tn heat lug that seteial ie:id bodies, of a color and a race I different from any o-her ever discoveied in Kuiope, A isui or A (i ica were driven upon the coast of the Cape de V t ides. It, is a fact not gem iaHy known that the first man of Columbus's expedit ion to set foot on American soil was an Irishman. This is it-coidcd by an Ital an piiest, .John Bapiist Teiniioii. in a publication of the 17th century, a copy of which is in the li biaiy of tlie I'tiiveisify of St. Louis. In this woik it is related that when Columbus nioii'il tin. l.mH. the w at.'i- not. beintr deep enough to admit the ship any further, tire small IMiats were lauiicueo unt.ni) inc oi- miril ..ii vlnni. Am. mo- tin- crew was one I'tlfrii itll M'ljnii ". ,if he were in Iieland to-day he would be called Paddy Maguire) who jumped nut of the boat, reaclo'd the land and ivaded on shoie, on the-llli of tc ober. 140C, thus, tightening the boat and helping focanylhe Admiral tui ther upon tlie beach. The roster of the ship's ciew that sailed fiom Spain is, all complete, in the aichives of Madlid, from which the above has been taken, Lot because he, Pat rick MaiJuiie was the only Iri&hmau in tlie expedition, for theie weie seveial, buL on account of tlie remaikabie action which enabled him to be the fust man to set Ids fo t on the newly discovered soil of Amer io i. There should be no surprise expressed at meeting Ii ish names in the list of mariners in the Spanish Href, when the qualifications for enrollment in that expedition are con sidered. Nowheieon earth could Mich a school for seamen be found as on the wes tern ca-t of 1 1 .hind, lie I ween which and Spain, fiom the days of Scotia, a consider able traffic w as can it d on. Scotia w as the I . . . r I - 1 1 : r . ..t a. - Hl - Tliler ol ivitijr roioiiioii, ano nu m Milesius, p-n ol llnam, King ol lyie. wlo I sent his aitiiiccis to bu:l.l the Temp!, for ' King Soloinoii. at which time the Piit.cess ! left !i r father's h. ill's to follow, lu yotid the : i-c.s. in sit')- biiiiT. l.y hi r hi. -land's ub j. ets, he f.ii linn s of hei 1 nl. and soiisihl a Ik !i:e aino:. the i ich gi en plains of Iie la.id. It is over 'J,S'i;)ye.fi - hince the Piin cpss Scotia .from whom '. lie count l y "aas ' c.i Hi 't -Scot 1. 1 and the inhabitant Scots). with her t hi ee sous ami t heit li oops, landed Jlir-V.t-cye Virw, Joint, J V'ftirteetitU Street, livens Gfonfls Mourning (Jooil.i Cloukinys Flannel Linens JfusZiiis White Goods LtCf8 Ilihhnns Trim minya llu: ii oi?t rics T'riit'jcn 7.1 -jntyrn ami Jf'orsfcils Xec'. wear Gloves Toilet Articles Stationary JF'lnif'rs f- Frrrther. A very y on a 1 wm lijl.t to be: i-ei hi one Liii -. day the ; . !o Fomeistly i!";it'i,i tiio m to vi.i t t i" or "on 1 y t.- f-1 1 . 1 .' l n .1 - s. i t'.ic o . ! . Very rost (-'fully, Grand of the Bay of Biscay; and if 2000 years ago, with all their recoll.-ctions of one thousand years of ad vent nip. Brendan and his com panions should have braved the fierce stoi ms of the Atlantic in their anxiety to gather sheep into the fold of Chiist, it would not le veiy sni prising. Traces of ante-Columbian voyages to A niei ica ai e con! in u.i !!y croppim; up, and it is not at all improbable, that the Phoen icians in the voyages from what is now known as the Si raits of (tibraltar to Capo pmisterre in Spain, and fiom that to Capo Clear in Iirhmd. must have been occasion ally diivenoitt of their coiitsc and made discoveries anions the Azues, Madeita, the Canary and Cape fie Vcide islands. Humboldt states poi-it ivcly thai tlio-e is lands weie known to the Pho'uicias and Klrusraiis. and'heie is a no p in t he I.ibi a ry of St. Maik's at Veuict , made in the year 1.54s some I."'i yenis befoie the voy age nf ('i.hinilms in which die Anli'l -s or West Indies aie laid down with wondci fill correct im ss. The Scandinavians have established strong chums to the discoveiy of America five cetilit! ies bel'.ue I'ohtuibns set out on his ad vent u K ms voyage, and these. Claims a I e w ell sf i ppo.'ted by the i emai kable winks of Haiti, the I ::titsi liiMotiiill. The "Norse, Sagas." as t van,-la'ed and published by h nn, claim 1 he d isc n ery (f the inn ! bel li j ai t of t he'eonfuient, (-leenland ami Labrador, by the Scandinavians: but they also give the honor of ;n lirst discovery to Irishmen at a much eailier period, and in their wotks they call the new country "In html it Mil. oi "Great Ireland." They also s'.ato that when some of the Norsemen went dow n to a region called "H nit rn-Manna-land." i probably t lie t.'ai'olinas and Geor gia.! "they found here," says U.ifn, "a white people dillerent from the Kr-qnimaiix of the north, having long robei or cloaks, and frequently bearing crosses in a sort of religions processions, and their speech was the Iiishoi Celtic dialect." Many vciy ancient, mauusciipts are tole fount! in the Iceland -o chronicles, or "Shal- hol;-Saga." beating date 111 delineating several bays and America : they also mention th an Icelandic woman, named Suasa, who had accompanied an expedition, and so minutely described the topography of the ! place where -she was buiied that Sir j Thomas Murray conjectured that the spot ' should be ifr-the immediate vicinity of the ! great falls on the Potomac Kiver above I Washington. j A J'w years since a celebrated English antiqnariv Mr. Thomas C. U.illinson, and :, M. Louis Lcquereux, the dis iuguished 1 geologist, with two American gentlemen, : pioceeded to the localities mentioned in ; the "Shal-holt-Saga" and made close seatch for any traces to ascertain the exact i place of Suasa's burial. After a long ' search tluty discovered an inscription in the Kunic language, cut deep in a rock ' caiL-d ihe "Arrow Head." It read as fol low s : ItntK lifts Sv sv (or Shush), I'll FT l"A I II- II HI It K I. A PFTItsoN F'lt.lM Till: K ST OK ll.'ltl.A S II, Tuf; Widow i.f Kjoi ih. Ami sisiftu of- TiiuniiiiH, ("uii.iuik.n or tiik suit: Katiiitii, TW F'.NTV-FIVK VF.MIS OK AUF-.. MAY tiOI) MAKK OI.Ai IKI Sttl'L. Idol . Near it they exhumed some human teeth and bones, three bronze trinkets and some other relics. I mention these to show that the discovery of America was I f I tHE pi-co In-s 1 I Rtthel 1 -p lo any ih,f rirst yar, cnpr I luv I profioss t I I The pn I mumTrirh. and poor. mmg f 7j'?yri r.Tftirn f; ctln 'oven I t Pa'.torTis' in x-oasoiiiiule tiuio ! Vci7rid iininiurexl. j A very lrr.j. stoitk ol" !1 kin is of newest Dry Good's j JJres Pa'.torTis' rid uninjured. Inr-.j.-. stoitk oT 11 kin is of newest Dry Good's linn-l, nrran'.p;'! on one; flour vvilti plenty of ttTyi A tiious-iiil n e.-i-sily I here SiO nv.n; V! o l i are p' 1 i r..j o vj ry fr;'i!i p.c!-s. n ti' 1 invnin.j wisiii to buy. : n . j only tlier tiioy I -'' r -- iii,i i .' l'M'i I On pot win f ish ions." O'.lt :1 !1' J .' ' k for to tli-i city t ) r( tlie r 1 e-. i n , s; . ri 1 f. i r v-i i ii 1 1 ( - --.. bti j f . : oo wiinied. We uo a li. r. : e Iju-i rit JOHN VANAMAKER Denst Thirteenth and Market Sts. PHILADELPHIA. centuries antei tor to the time of Columbus, and that everything is in favor of the correctness of St. Bienian's statement. He lived many yeais after his return from his wondciful voyage, and took pleasure in relat ing his advei. lutes to his scholars. He founded the celebrated Abbey of Clou fcit, tilth.. County of Gahvay, in which it is related that three thousand students at one lime, fiom various paits of Lutopo, received their education. St. Brendan died about the year oTT, and was buried in his own monastery of I 'l.mfert. To show how grea ly Columbus was iti deliied to Li-dnm-ii for the information ho possesd on the t rue geogi aphy (,f theeaith, I should mention that there are no less than eleven Latin manuscripts in the I.ib hotheqtie Impciial, at Paris, the dates of which vary from tho eleventh to the four teenth ceiitusy, in proof of this discovery, while seveial ni'MC in French, Dutch. Cer tuan, Italian, and Poituguese are to be found on the continent. But tho win k published by Professor Rafn at Copenha gen in lv;:!7 is conclusive on the subject. Tho Shetland and Faro I les form as it wen: stepping stones to Iceland, which is six hundred miles from the coast of Nol way, and only one hundred and forty from tn eonlaiid. Iceland is pai t of America. The subject of the manner in which Atneiica fiist became inhabited is one of absoibiug interest. 'o know that in 1S::5 a .Japanese junk was driven on shore in California, but, what about tlie Pata goiiians, or the Dingos of Ausrali.i'.' ami then the West India Islands weie thickly inhabited in the time of Columbus, the Aztecs had reached a high degree of civii zaliou, and a former race seemed to have passed away, namely the mound builders. One of the most, distinguished of tlie Irish missionai ies who preached the (Jospel in (icnuany, about the middle of the eighth century, along with St. Boniface, was the learned l earguIO I ai rel, known in hislo rv as Virgilins, Bishop of Sal! y.bnrg. lie arrived in Fiance in the year 7-1-', and was s, or ''j'" i honored with tho friendship of Pepin, son i, careful y I ,,f Charles Martel, w ho was afterwards ele shores of j vat,,i U) ,i,e lVf,n dignity being the liist he death of i king of Fiance. Pepin retained Virgilins in his. palace with himself for two years, and then recommended him to Otilo, Duke of Bavaria. St. Boniface, Archbishop of Metz, was Virgilins" ecclesiastical superior, and as they di tiered on some points of dis cipline Boniface had information thereof conveyed to Pope Zachary. The chief ac cusation was that he, Virgilius, asserted the sphericity of tho earth, the motion of the eaith round the sun, and that there ex isted antipodes or people living under the earth with t!reir feei-fnnting to ours. The Pope was iiiisenrf"fi nied, the statement be ing that he taught that theie was another world under our eat th, and a different race of men inhabiting it. Pope Zachary wrote to him in 74, and his letter is still in ex : istciice. dctr r.udinn- an exol.itiatioii, ahich I l.c K ceived to his full satisfaction, j It is interesting to know that an Iiish monk sin. nl 1 be the first to entertain a ! tine iioiioti (if the existence of antipodes, I of the spheiicity of the earth, and of the i motion of the planets, and of the earth round Ihe sun. These are tho princip'es j afterward taught by Copernicus another i Catholic priest, about 14-"0, for which tie was prosecuted by the philosophers of hi day, as was Galileo by the scientists and philosophers of the school of Aristotle Ptolemy ; but tht Popes in each of Uieae i,fTr7fV f jrissett' Suits Sacqites P Cloaks Underwear Hosier i Upholstery Goods lilanhets and Quilts Trunks and Valises llubber Goods Horse Covers Men's C Boys' Clot hit: y Hats Shoes ; w.'iito'l ti i fi c, nt .I'-isori !- lllIOU'lll J three- cases proved themselves the firm friends of learning and advanced ideas. Here it w ill be seen that it was from the travels of St.Biendan in the f!th century and from the philosophy of St. Virgilins as he taught it in the Sth century, that Christopner Columbu, with the assistance of the st : ong ai ms of Pat ricius Maguirus, was enabled to land on the shores of San Salvador, on the 4th of October. A. D. 14'.)t2. "Z. '."' in tlx y-tre D.imt Sclmltt- Atlantic Wrecks for Years. Tliirl y-secen We have before, us a record showing tlie ttiiiuhertifliveshist.it crossing Ihe Atlantic during the last thirly-seveti years. In this period tit!y-six tine steamers have lieen wrecked, and in t wenty-ni nt; instaticcs more or less lives were lost. Nine vet-sels were never heard from after leaving port. These are the President in 1S4I, the City ot" Olas gnw in is.",!, the Pacirie in 1 S."fi , the Teiuiiest in IS."i7, the I'nited Kingdom in 1SUS, tlie City of Il iston in IST'i the Seatnleria in 1S72, lite lsnailia in ls7:i, and the Coluinho in ls77. The n 1 1 1 1 1 he r of lives which w ere ihus lilotted nut aggregates l.o'.'T. Ot" I lie remaiii ing vessels, lour were burned, five sunk by collision, two by colliding with ieebeigs, two loo interetl at s'a. ami thiity-tniir were WTeeked on various coas's. This is a sug gestive show ing, fur it at onct. t ails into con trast the relative peril incurred bv depend ence upon human j iidgmeiit ami human handiwork. ( t llio entire total nf ste liners lost, in two cases can the disaster he attribu table to a breakdown of the machinery ; namely, the Aiichm" line steamer ifiheruia, which foiindo fd through her propeller shall having boeii withdrawn from its ,ilace after the propeller had been lost ; and Ihe other the Ismailia, ef the same line, which was once spoken under sail, her in.n hi nory being disabled, and w;is never heartl of afterward. Neitlier has any boiler explosion occurred cm an Atlantic, steamer during the perin.l men tioned., Sn far as the record fore us is authority, the inferenro therefore is thai the greatest loss of life is tine not to lajk of safe vessels, but to failure In judgment or the iiieompeteiice of those who handle them. Ihirty-lour steamers, as almve stated, have l'.eii wrecked, and an inspection of the localities where the wrecks occurred shows that several have happened in about the same vicinity. For example, tho City nf New York in lsiil and the Chicago in IStiS were bolh wreaked on Haunt's ltnck, near Qieenstown. No less than twelve have been destroyed on the coasts of Nova Scotia and Newfoundland. Il may Ikj a-ked if vessels cannot be built s rung enough to withstand driving upon lht; rocks as in the cases of the Atlantic and tho Schiller, at least fur a Mitticient tiuiM to enable the passengers and crew to obtain assistance or make their escape ; but here the question of cost o'ltriitles itself, ami the answer ol those who have considered the subject Is that vessels cannot be so consi rm ted anil yet profitably used. Taking this into account with tlie aggregate uuiiiUt of lives los1, in all 4.70, and it will be. evident that lie problem of reducing tlie dangers nf tlie sea becomes, as we have frequently nrg' d, one depending on the ellica.-v of life sat ing in ventions. Devices which mil k'tep large numbers of people afloat for ei'iisuh-i able periods, devices that will keep individuals above water l hat can l rapidly adjusted lo tlie iMTS'tu wiMi no possibility 0f misiiike. tlevices lor taking lint's ir.un wre, ke,i ves sels to thrt shorn, devices for indicating the relative positions of ships lo each other, uew signals for fog and night, and contrivances of that nature, all are subjects for the in ventor's skill in deviating lietter modifications aud improvements. "Scientific American. as a((;;::.v'.i.ia in a. The case which is about to lo tiarra'ed has few pari a! lets. More than a do.en suspicious circumstances pointed to the guilt, of persons-accused, and one fact dove tailed into the other with the utmost neat ness and accuracy. On the oth of .Line, isd'J, Hubert Bell, a farmer residing in the neighboi hood of Norwich, Faigland, was found mnidered and robbed in an unused by-road leading from the highway to his house. Two laborers going nt daybreak '.o a small coppice near by, saw. tiik muY IN A lUTLlt, and, recognizing ihe farmer, notified his family, which consisted of a wife anil one daughter. Tho proper authot it j.-s were summoned, and a careful examination begun. Mr. Bell's okull was cut in two places frnm the blows of a blunt, weajxm, and there was one stab wound in his heart and another in his throat. In the mud near by were the marks of Mr. Bell's boots, and of tho bare feet of another oaitv. Lying in the ditch a large jackknife was found, with w hich the stab wounds had been inflicted. The maiks of Mr. Bell's boots were visible from the road up to where the body lay, as was also TIIK 1'IUNTS OK N A Fi K 11 KI-'.l.T. These latter were traced along the road leading from Norwich for about a quaiter of a mile, to a stone by the roadside. Here they ceased, ami it was supposed that the murderer had sat upon the stone and put his boots on. Between the stone and the hedge Mr. Bell's hat was found, 'i'lie lin ing was wauling. On the top of the stone ther was a thin layer of mud, and in it was the impression of cord u toy trowseis. In the yard of an inn about two miles further on the lining of Mr. Bell's hat was found. It was evident that, after committing the crime, TIIK ASSASSIN HAD VIsITl 1) TIIK INN. Inquiry showed that Mr. Bell quitted Norwich about 7 o'clock in the evening to walk homo, a distance of about three miles. The probability was, therefore, that he was niuulered between 8 and tl o'clock, while it was still daylight. About in o' clock the same night a Jewish peddler called at the inn, in tho yaid of which the hat lining had been found. 1 Io woie 1 'iig boots and coiduroy trowseis. lie alo a little bread and cheese, thank a glass of ale and quitted the place, lt-maikiug that lie hail a long journey bei'oie dulight. That was all that was known about htm at tho inn, but tho wife aud daughter of tho mnidered man had AN IMPORTANT FACT TO KI-!..TK. Between G and 10 o'clock the i-atue night the peddler called at the faimei's h-me and informed Mis. Bell and her daughter that Mr. Bell had sent him with a message to the cflcct that he had foi .tten some important business and hud lcturued to Noi wich, and that probably he would not it-turn lioiue until tho next ruoinmg. These facts cleai ly pointed to the peddler as tho guilty man. After nsurdciing and robbing the farmer he concocted the plan of pretending to be a niussenger frnm hint wi h the view of relieving his family from all fears at his prolonged absence, thus securing. T1MK. Kdlt HIS OWN 1T.H1IIT. Officers were sent after the peddler, and next day ho was anested, examined and committed for tiial as the murtleiei of Mr. Bell. When the ti ial came on the pedd l.-i , whose name was found lo be Abiahaiu Lewis, told a most exli aoniiu.ny and. as was generally believed, aitful stoiy. Be fore this, however, additional testimony of A most startling natuie was produced for the prosecution. In the peddlei's box, in which he carried the goods which he ot- fined for sale, was found a small parcel ' containing ten shillings, the wrapper being , a piece of a new spa pur. In the f.irmei's ' pocket was found the newspaper fiom : which the piece used as a w tapper hail been torn. It lilted exactly. The hostler of the ititi at Norwich, at which thef.tnuei j stopped on the day he w as linn d.'it tl, j I ii.n 1 1 ! Kl Tii i: ri.l'IU.KR as having been in the inn yaid on Ihe day j in question, and as having asked a mini ber of questions about the fanner. The j hostler also swore that the knife foutul by j the dead man belonged to tho petidhi. i Ho knew it from the fact of ihe peddler ' having loaned it to him that very day to ', bore a hole in a snap of a harness he was 1 lixiinr. None of the money hich the fat m er was known to have had about him was found on tlie peddler, but it was supscd 1 that lie had hidden it somewheie btfoio he , was a i rested. j TIIK Ft !. KK IN MIS DUT'NSK, j proved, first of all. that he w.is a man of good charac er, bringing uj, his family in respectability. Then he told li is stoiy. He said that on the night of the minder he was on his way from Norwich to the mid land counties. About a hundred yaids from the stone above leferred to he met a man well mutlled up ; the man passed him, and the peddler walked on. Ho sat down on the stone to rest, and filled his pij-e. The paper in which he earned li s tobacco was worn out, and ht; looked around tt see if there was anything ljing near he could substitute for it. KKTW KKN Till. STUNK ANHTII1. Utlh.K he saw what he supposed was an old hat. lie vicked it un, toie out tho lining, and wrapped his tobacco in it. As he did this he saw the man whom he had passed just befoie coming tow aid him. When the man got close t him, be said : ''Friend, no you want lo earn a couple cif shillings "I always want to earn money," the peddler replied. "If you will can y a message tn the house on the hi'l thine." Ihe .man said, "1 will give vu ten shillings.", "h.it is t:ie mcss:ig.C' ?" the peddkr asked. "I live theie," said the man. ".Jo a id toll the ft. Iks thai I have hugo'lcu so.:it. im portant busiiifs-, ami am going b..ck to Norwich, and wont be home, pel haps, u tit il tu-tli -I t i itv.' ' I he petldlcr agteed to go ami cinv th- mes-age. ami the man g ive h t.: t 1 1 S wiapped in a iece ol new was the money ami the papi box. lie to III.' tilcssa -pap. I f. ill! 1 i.l ii. I.i bi. I '( .sworn to in the evith n.c by. y, US. F-KI.I. AMi mi: DU'iiii'ii.i;. After eating his supper at Il.e u:n peddler, accoi.ling to bis stoi y, wt i.t the Viird and tided his i loe. '1 li.-i Ho int. . b, transferred tho rest of his tobacco to his waistcoat pocket, and threw the wrapH.r the lining which he had taken out of the hat be found by the stone upon the (round, where il was Mibsequtntly found. The Teildler said tha. seeing the fairner around in I he inn yaid. fie asked the host ler j where lie lived, whether he was well J and whither he had mil cl; il-li en, with tho ! sole view of finding out whether it wisild to woith while visiting bis residence) for the purpose of selling his wanes. As to the knife, he admitted that it wjt his, and that he had lent it to the hostler to b.ie r hole wih thp day of the nuitdei ; but h also solemnly averred that the hot ler hae never returned it to him. As rain fell tin ing the day that followed the f.irmei's munler the fci t of the peddlet could not be compared with the piints in the mud, the taller having been utleilv uli litciated. The j! isotier's eoimsel madn rv long and able address in behalf .f ,is client. He referred to his good chaiacter and iiidusti v as a boy, to his eiseieiance and tl, lift thiough his eaily manhood, to his having man ied a woman of good Isiae litish family, and to bis having expensively educated two sons and a daughter. A score of n ilnesses w ei e hi i .ugh; to tc-.-tifv to Lewis' excellent c hai acter a a man and his integi ity in business tt.altt is; but ail was in vain. The evidence af-ain.-t him was overwhelming. I he prosecut ioti had a fearful auayof matenal to woik from, and his address to the j'.ny li:CJlkl IIJK l'l.lU'l.lJl's 1 A I K. In half an hour tliy lelnrned with a verdict of wilful munler. The .Judge in passing sentence expressed his cut iie sat is factiou with the way in which the juiy had done their duty, ant! after a solemn and tt l ribly scot clung address to the the )u is. m er, sentenced him to bo hanged by tLe neck until he was death 1 It! bl.lJlKt,. Six weeks af er tho hanging of Abrani Lewis, Hciuy Wilson, the., hostler whoso testimony bad been so damaging to the unfoi tunate man, told his employer that an uncle had died hi Lineolnshiie aid left him a considerable sum of money. Wilson gave his associates a tieat and stalled notthwatd. At the end of a month lie ic turned clad in mourning, and took up his abode as a guest at the tho inn wl.cic he had seived for thtee jears as a host lei. He appealed to have plenty of money, and soon marie a host of fi iends. lie was a med ium-sicd, good looking young fellow of twenty-six, and when well dressed, as he was now, j t"r a ki:y i:iim 1 1 ai.i i. nornr. After consu'l ing with the lino!.. id l.e leased a small faim adjoining that owned ' and cultivated by the widow of I he tiUil tleied faimer Bell. lie pm chased Miitab.e : stock, and devoted himself diligent h to ! the cultivation of his land. He was a j legular attendant at ihe parish chinch for ' the first six rtveiihs of his it suieiiee. but at ler he beg in to a! ; , I chapel, w iu-ie Mt s. w .-hipped. He s ion 1 aucc ( if i h .'-e two J,ui , never gave fan any c;i lid tin .'ie II dm l.-i ei il. a ml '1 11,1 11 t .It . .11.(1. th at quaint :h they '.i: ag- tilelit C.liit'ti I ept at eil MlsS 1 it t heir In ! e. was a 1'aii. i te-tt v gitl of twent v yeais. and it was n in cd th.-.t. Wll.stN w as i .v. t: fi ( ni I.T in tit n. 'Ihe rcpoit annoyed her consi -leraL ' y, anil when V ilsoi, at length howe-d. by l" co'.iduct and woitls, tl.at he entei t a i in. u hope t.f winning her f.-r a In ide, she le pn sed him with ;i 1 gn t ..ti . He bote her rcbiills lor .-.inn! time w t'l nit C"ii. plain ing. At length one Suunay. when M is Bell was letuiiiiiig home liom chinch alone, tie foliotvcd her and t-T 'ered into c.nvei sat ion with her. Alter a few com monplace lemaiks, he spike out boldly and asked hei to become his w tie. She was gieatly annoyed, and t"ld him tlath and ti i.tily lhitsiien.it only did n t l..e him. but p.-si: ively ths l.kcd him. Y ili u, I whohitheito had. Vk ( I UN" A M .-K in her presence, tlncvv oil' his assutm t gent.ciictss, and addies-,etl her and angiy invective. Mi.-s I Jell i it c .;n m who w ;i. a gill of some courage, gc hiuiht i imi freely. Cai i ietl away by passion, he c claimed : "I suppose you h-ipe to many 'Squi lie tlniiij ne. 1 Ie is a i' ol if he has any I nn. to say I o J ( m." I Ins iiit.iik nt telly astonished M iss Et ' ; s she was in-1 aw. nc th.i any uncoil it ol the family knew that Mr. Ktdmayue ha ever enteita ni d at.y tit sin., in make Li his w ife. She quickcm il her steps nut has t iied home. Mu to!d ber ino lii r o hei intei vi-j.v wuh V ii-oii, and of the maik he had lnuUc 1 1 specs iu Mr. Let inayne. M'.'lllt H AND lUt e.HTKR. conversed hu g and sei i.misH tl e subje-ct. Mr. K. fttiiiiyiie had met Miss iJ-.ll hut oi.ee before In r latin :'s death. The day o Aliichhei- fall er was niTiitleted Mr. Ib-. maj t.e tliticd ;t the; inn in Norwich wit. him, attd bt fore h left auded him a lettet ; asking him to read i: and send him an an ! swer in a day or two. T he letter, aloi j wi'h tl.aoo in gold, silver i;d notes, w.. , taken l.om Mr. B. Ifs ImkIv ly hifc assasf-ii j Alter tho fuucinl Mi. lb tlmayuo had Urn I Mis. Bell about the hllvl and that It ct.ii ; tamed a icqu.-sL to iie allowed to pav alU t.tuistoMi. iieh's daughter. .Mis.'l.eli ' n ply, hail, at. her daughter's icq.icst, as'. ; id Mr. llcdtna.Mie to allow il.e u.atter I oein ivbeyatc-'e a twrlie tnontli. He b .i promised to d so, ai.d had never been . I ho house since. A slA'n'.lNO q' l-.sriON. How did Wii.soi. know that Mr. llu. !l)aiie was au 1 1. iug to hei 1 Mis. Bell sent I .r Mr. I.edmajiie am told hi:n the iem.:i k.' b'e c u c.uiisi anci 1 L- soh m uly th t 'oiicd 1 1 At he l ad new left a ii u,t i f t he mat er di op tn an i ,,llt to; i ven his ...tn family. On retuinii hoiiie Mi. Ketlniiiy ne ea.i-liil.y rt ..tl oi. the testimony given on the Lewis tii t hie fact siiuik h.m like a lla-h of ;.!: nii.g. Lew is S' 1 in. Is a t i 1 1 u t Ital hc ie. iiif knife lo W ds. oi the tlay of the- ii.uultr .imi that Wilson nut i lelumid it. Mt. I .dm. ty no laii 'he a hole ti.iitter be f.ue his 1 i .i.V i . a i u". b fo; e a fi k ,imh c . I st ix v is t i u ii. i .1) in .1 . i. Tie st r. oi Is ...e i..g t.. 1 ii I cir t l p opt'i ty w as so .ti t x ; 1 mnl, a. id the test ' showed that , 1 1. he as. ab-cni Iii. 'id h i lis, i f ', esit i 'et wren 11 ami 1 t 1 ... i he v :i Ii- ii to 11 -' . 1 lht it' w hi g I ,, 1 o . - l-n e'ed. J I . .- s. o ;!.. . 1. and ni 't.y ( 1 ' w i p i s lis ; it. gh! of l . e u. i be hit 1. I -.in, lat .1 ' m i 1 Lie nn. that he i.', '..c ' hat 1 :g lit. . It ;. and U :- ' : , id. so : i . t h i 1 . j w . t i .,c 1 . . I i t ! i i c '. i a : ' i ' i ! . i v tt -1 1 tl iks n. i ai t 1 ;. i ' .- si I'ttcl wiitttii by Mr. 1 liiMvno. ; ha ti ied 'o Mi. i'cili i mnidered, was fouu lb. v i . ., he at 'he but ; .'in td e. of them. Wilson was co'ittiii'.tid ihrttvclj liigbt st I iin;. ling ctell Willi L.s su-spctidti. for t - il. Liitlse.il :u V n fl
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