mmwMMM cififMA;: riRE, Editor and PisblUUtr. a, a T' 1 . HE 13 A FREEilAN "WHOM THE TRUTH MAKES, FREE, AND ALL ARE SLATES BESIDE. Terms, $3 per year In advance. E'BENSBURG, FA., THURSDAY, JANUARY 32, 1871. OtfJME 4. NUMBER 49 roOV, 3I0KRELL & CO., KA5HISQT0X STREET, ps,R,R. Depot, Johnstown, Pa., !.,;tJi'i and Retail Dialers in mmmmwm, 1. MiU."EKY GOOD, ",rvVVARE. ' Wis AND SHOES. HATS AN 1 CAPS. IKON' AND NAILS.. .prN AND OIL CLOTHS. J t i:rM)V-MADi: CLOTHING, v(i'd; n' ami WILLOW wake. riSlCNSar.d FEED, ALL KINDS, "Ar j, r:! nwnnerof esterr. IVou . ".' "' riViL" li. bACON', FISH, SALT, . vi Ac. 'rj.;.f,'l...,ii; ictai! orders solicited . fl.fJ o:t the ho: test notice and !" :"""V('n!).i!0!JRELL 1 CO. - L' u ZA:ilI . ....... J AS. K. ZAUM. ZAKM & SON, Dlf LbUS IS mm. GROfERIES. HARDWARE. QUEENSARE, .:at3,Cap3,Boots,Slioe39 AID ALL OTHER ARTICLES huulij Ue:t iu a Couufrj Slor, iy i'! CCUNTKY PKODUCK 1 BleMAN'OE FOR C'JOl'8 ! toi:l: n main street, &::! Deer to the Post Oftce, L'BENSLUKG, ta. 'DluVAL asi KNLAKGEMEN I'. OOKING STOVES, KEATING STOVES. 1 Ml 1 1EMI MI. Vfrciitly trt! i .)-'!. n IImj nW "' '!:.'. i-.i,.:.i..i-..i! hui!.iii.4 -u i!i-h '' ,T,' i'-t 'f th !i;i:.k iin.l m-.m ;v n..' Monut.ii:! Ilouvi-, ih.- si;!. -.-riher i' 'i' I'l-i -H-. 1 t'"..i'i iv. r to loasiufa.-iiii-,; ........ hi. " ::'. K'.llif '.v'. irt. will !k. 'nnJ.,l ... ill ' 1 1SA i !'r hi; ici.i :-h;i:t-ITuX rs;:t the mtv liiwe-t livina jrif.." - i ,.i- r a;-... pruiobrs to kctp a fall inj, Parlor tnd Heating Steves f tV.. must lii rov.-O ik's-ris. ilirr U ' ' " )F1 N"f' ,,V'"10 to or'1-r 'hT V I i . i" " T :u"l ma- m.-.-.u. i....i...,..ir.., AI-' --'tMiU'C.i: t.,;i)l i-jp-kJ -IJ- '"U.Uu.l,, I'J.U.-tf. GOOD NEWR? - ' '!f .I. !).: r ,,.,.,.;,.,, , . ;i .-i . ., ',,1 , ' . ' ;'' oi' iica pil and Winter GnnA 'ri'-tv fir -),.iu- 'i'",'V- n "IK..,,.- . . ' : : ('!-v-, I,,si- UP CLOTHING, HATS, CAPS, i. ""-an. ;,. i i,,.rc . ., , ,, ' ' :hl'l ;K'n. . ,: V.'r 1 "I! assf.rtr.ir-.it ; .; ' ll:ilMv.-lin., (Iiiff.l-- . TV"' 1 !l '!i.-r i.M-:-!f s of : ' " -'I'mwVr''' .'V ! ' 1:1 :t '-."intry Istorif. r r . ' " "in- wonl to L-A KUV LOWEST PHICES, "ri'ii:-,, ,! t. i:n..ii.'.'.. V:.' ' ,avoi'S wf tu.po to n;t r- r:-;'--v.3.1;;M,ii-Li'-- SiSlliTiEMFiii VM. P " P flTTOR! Jlt,,u'1, "na Dealer in 'STJTit'''' KlNUS r- aETFUaNITUHE ."",'!. IV Street, ""-TAk'.ia "ri Skat ("itatrp, '.'"""MtLs TOHKX Kl-llMU-Ki, p1!t:'ll.,;M-' ' KTK-A-'I'KTKS, R-i!",".",,t--.'' j . i h.Ntiif.v Tables, lv . ;:. Ac- & e., ic., ic. -80UND HALL FURNITURE k.M ? ",!'-t an,) ( , . ,"1 r,vl !,t f-ir - I, 7 "'-l, ,'' "li,k. r matfi-iU or .:,,..,,. rat lji;t.-0:,.1 St.itif.n l:xe If j THE WEST I ; ' ,.BTAiW THEM. 'in ;'1V'"tit!.. " it ol "l-y-ix puki-s. j u t- nsH, ,:viMa nr tf..,7 of ' K , LuV s ' : '" Ho.nr.teu.1 '' 'niii, ' '!,cl"t:ir tii Act of o5Cl'CS Choififi T.n.rif! ''i v':'11 sui'l 'If-'ailorsnn.l M.n-iiK-s who , AK,''i.-s"-'""l'l;;n;t.r!;ftv -,.tus una '..I, t r. .. ." - TO-Str """'JJCif, l'ittsnurtfb, Pn. 1870. WINTER. 1871. I ans now prepared to cfier SUPERIOR INDUCEaIENTS - TO CASH PURCHASERS OF Til SEIMf k MB WEI. KITH ER AT WHOLESALE OH RETAIL. My stock consists in part of every variety f Tin, Siiecf-Iron, COPPER AND BRASS "WARES, KNAMKI.l.El) ANI PLAIN SAUCE-PAH3. BOILERS &c , COAL SHOVELS. MINE LAMPS, OIL CANS, IIOUSEFURNISIIISG IIARD AVAIiE OF EVEUY KIND. leai's Anti-Dust HEATING am COOKING STOVES, EXCELSIOR COOKING STOVES. NOULE, TmilMril am, PAR LOU COOK. ING STOVES, And uny Cooking Stove desired I will get when ordered lit manufacturers prices. O.ld Stove Plater, ar.d Grates, Src, fjr re pairs, on Lar.d for the Stovts I se'l ; others vill be ordered when wanted. Particular attention ivcn to Spouting, Valleys and Conductors, ad of which will be made out of best mate rials and put up by competent workmen. Lamp Burners, Wick and Chimneys WIIOLLnALE OK RKTAIL. I would call particular attention to the Lijihl llou-e Burner, with Gla.s Cone, for giving tnoie lisht than any other in use. Also, the Paragon Burner, for Crude Oil. SUGAR KETTLES AND CAULDRONS of all sizes constautlv on hand. Special attention given to Jobbing in Tin, Copper and Sheet-Iron. at lowest possible rates. Wholesale Mekchants LiiTs now ready, crd will be sent on application by mail or in person Hoping to sea all my old customers and many na'rv onus this Spring, I rfturn my mrst siutre thanks for the very liberal pa tronage I hare already received, nnd will endeavor to pleasy ail who may call, wheth er they buy or cot. FRANCIS W. HAY. Johnstown, March 7, 18C7. G lltEAT Rkdi ction- in Piacta I CASH Ii L YE HS I at T3SK. i:in:s!:i;riC3 MOlSE-Ft'RSlSIHXG STORE. 'lhu undersigned respect! utly inform.; the citizens of Ebc-nsburg and the public gerivr ally that lie has made a great reduction in prices to CASH BUYERS. My stock will consist, in part.cf Cooking, Parlor and HeaU inj Stoves, of the most poj;u!ar kinds ; Tin vare of every descriptiou, of my own man ufacture ; Hardware of ail kind, Ktich as Locks, Scifcws, Butt Ilir.ges, Table Ilingss, Shutter Hinges, Bolts, In n and Nails, Win dow Glass, Puttj-, Table Knives and Forks, Carving Knives and Forks, Mt-at Cutter, Apple Parcrs, Pen and Pocket Kuivej in grwat variety, Scissors. Shears, Razors and Strops Axes, Hatchets, Ilamm.- rs, Boriny Mach it.es. Augers, Chissels, I'lanes, Com passts, Squares, Files, Hasps, Anvils, Vises, Wrenches, Rip, Panel and Cross-Cut Saws, Chains of all kinds. Shovels, Spades, Scythes and Snaths, Rakes, Forks, Sleigh Bells, Shoe Lasts, Pegs. Wax Bristles. Clothes Wiingers. Grind Stones. Patent Molasses Gates and Measures, Lumber Sticks, Horse Nails, Horse Shoes, Cast Steel, IiiHes. Shot Guns, Revolvers. Pistols, Carl ridges, Pow der, Caps. Lead, &c. Odd Stove Plates, Grates and Fire Bricks, Well and Cistern Pumps and Tubing; Harness anl Saddlery Ware of all kind ; Woodta and ll'illoio Wart in great variety ; Carbon Oil and Oil Lamps, Fish Oil, Lard Oil, Liiibeed Oil, Lubricating Oil, Rosin, Tar, Glassware, Faints, Varnish, es, Turpentine, Alcohol. c. FAMILY GROCERIES, such aa Tea, Coffee, Sugars, Molasses, Syr ups, Spices, Dried Peaches, Dried Apples, Fish, Hominy, Crackers, Rice and Pearl Bailey; Soaps, Candles; TOBACCO and CIGARS; Paint. Whitewash, Scrub, Horse, Shoe, Dusting, Varnish, Stove, Clothes and Tooth Brushes, all kinds and sizos ; Bed Cords and Manilla II .'pes, and many other article at the lowest rates for CASH. Crj- ffauce Sjioutimj mads, pam:d and put up at low ratts for cash. A liberal discount mads to country dealers buying Tinware wholesale. GEO. HU.NTLEY Ebcnsburg, Feb, 28. 18ti7.-tf. QKO RG ifAVTTE A G E R, AVlioIcaale nnd Retail Dealer in HEATING AND COOK STOVES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION, HI. COPPER AID SHEET-ISON ME OF HIS OWN MANUFACTURE, And GENERAL JOBBER in SPOUTING and all other work in his line. Virginia Street, near Caroline Street ALTOOXA, 1A, The only dealer in the c-;tv having the ripht tj sell the renowned "iJARLEY SHEAF" COOK S 10 VE. the mos-t perfect complete and satisfactory Stove ever hitroJuced to the public. Stock Immense. - Preens Low. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. rV H. RCA NLA N, ' A ttowtj-at-Law, Carrolltown, Caml.rfa Co., V. All man 1f , tl I'usinoss attended to prom&rtr nd Ejjt JJotfs gtparfoitnf. RKNE3IBEII TlIE 3POOR. Remember tho poor, for bleak winds are blow- i p tr "ft And brightly the frost pearls aro gliat'-oing around; The streamlets have ceased all their musical llo-Riuji, . And tow-drifts lie scattered all over the ground. Remember the poor in their comfortless dwell if.fc. , Ill-clad and ill-fed and o'erburdened with care; O, tarn not away with a look so repelling Thy kin-Juess may save thcoi perhaps from despair. Remember the poor when thy hearth-stone is cheerful, And happy hearts gather around its bright blaze: There are hearts that are aad and eyes that i.i e tearful, As bright ua thine own in tleir Funnier days Misfortunes may scatter thy present posses sions, " And plenty to poverty leave thee prey; How btttciiy then wilt thou think of the bless ings That charity asks frora thy riches to-day. Remember th poor re thankfully gather Each round his ri'di table with luxury spread; Thoti too are a pensioner on a rich Father, For health nnd for frieadship, for raiment and bread. If II bath been bountiful, with a like spirit Dispense of that bounty what charity tisiais; For greater the tteasure thy soul rImII inhetit When thy bread on the waters returueih again. Remember the poor this thou art command ed Thy Saviour tLus kiuJiy remembered the poor; "The destitute thoa shalt not send empty handed, Unclad, and unwarmed, and unfed from the door." Thy pe ice in this life ehall be like the deep river, And dying, thy welcome to heaven shall be: ':Ye faithful and b'.eseed ol my Father come hither; Ye did it to others jc did it to Me." Salts, glufc&cs, iucboks, tfe. g u i a t k a r luterestlnu DIeovi Irs Cave of Slit 1 cton nnd Curluilllct In Iowa. On Saturday last a discoTery, fully as wonderful as any yet reported in the northwest whs made by the workmen on the Dubuque and Minnesota ratlroaJ, near the base of one of the tail, frowning blu'ds overlooking the liver, a short distance above KaIe l'oinh At the foot of the bluff a tTpiad of workmen were engaged in excavating the loose stratified limestone ruck for the railroad track, and while dinning away with pick, tpade and crow bar in the side of ihe bank they suddenly found their luilher progress arrested by a large, smooth, square etone, en the outer surface of, which was inscribed a number of etraoge characters and devices, which noueof the unlettered workmen, of course, could make out. Under the direction of the foreman, and by the united exertions of a number of men, the etone was re moved, when, to their great astonishment, there succeeded a violent ruf h of cold air, from a large, square opening, which ex tended info the blull'iti a hot izontal direc tion, the air rushing out with such force that alighted taper held in the mouth of the opening was extinguished in an in stant. Inspired by the thoughts of hidden treasure and thinking that perhaps a excite j of some of tho early exploters had been unearthed, was resolved to explore the mystery at once, and bring out tho strong clients and ptecious gems reposing some where therein. Lights were procured, and, holding a candle in each hand, five men, headed by the foreman, Fet out to explore the subterranean passage, which was about four feet wide, and high enough to pf rmit n man to walk by bending over a little. Groping their way along cau tiously, and casting many fearful glances around them, aa though they expected every moment to encounter some dreadful gpectrc, the party proceeded along the tunnel, which extended directly into the heart of the blur about fifty f eet, when they found their way impeded by another large stone, llemoving this they found a flight of stone steps leading downward a distance of ten feet, and descending these, the party found themselves in what appeared to bj a huge chamber, cut out of the solid rock, about twenty-five feet pquare, and twenty feet high. For a moment Ihe men stood lost in admiration at this wonderful work. The floor be neath was hard and perfectly smooth, while by the dim light of the candles they could eee that Ihe walls were embellished with a multitude of uncouth characters and figures, intended to represent birds, tree?, and other natural objects, all carved in eolid limefetonf. On lha south wall appeared a representation of the sun, and immediately below this was the figure of a man clr.d in a loute, llowing robe, in the act of stepping out of a boat, and holding in his hand a dove. The roof of the chamber was embellished with stars, serpents and chariots, the outlines of all being revealed plain and distinct. In the center of the apartment wu a large Hat slab, and upon removing this a large vault was revealed below, which was filled with the skeletons of some unknown race, ail of them -being in a sitting or standing posture, and almost perfectly preserved, even to the smaller bones. It was noticed that all had originally been interred with their faces to the southwest. ly the side of each skeleton stood a small vase of Ihe most perfect form and finifh, each being filled with a species of ycllotv colored earth. One of the vases was examined, and at the base found to contain some animal bones and dark particles of animal matter, which had evidently been placed in the sepulchre to support the departed to the spirit land, a funeral rite in obedi ence to a wide-spread custom among many barbaric nations. Heads of ar rows, stone hatchets, and pieces of shells perforated with holes, were found scat tered about the vault in profusion. The skeletons were arranged in the form of a semi-circle, the largest bping placed in the centre. This skeleton by actual meas urement, siood seven feet eight inches high. The t-elh were white and glisten ed like ivory, w bile in the palm of one of the outstretched hands, reposed a small pearl ornament. This person had evi dently been the chief of the tribe, and was consequently buried with unusual honors. Uy the side of the cranium were two ear ornaments of shell, while numerous minute bone and cupper heads covered the floor of the vault. Vestiges of a fibrous cloth we.re also discovered near the lower extremities of each skeleton, but o thin and impalpable that it crumbled away at the slightest touch. No ornaments of gold or silver were found, but various im plement iu copper wete scattered thickly about, which had evidently been procured from the minen of Lake Superior, as the evidences are accumulating that these mines were worked at a dale long prior to the deluge. After making a thorough examination of the chamber of death and its ghostly occupants, the men came out, closing the entrance behind them. To what race the skeletons belong, by whose handd their tomb was constructed, must ever remain a mystery. It is another leaf looking to the l ing ages of the past, another evidence of the fact that of this world and its found ers we know but little. We understand that measures are on foot to remove the skeletons, and all of thrt most important articles, to the hall of the Iowa institute of science and art. JUlJ.l'jU Tn.'KS. Manic Twain's Advick to Lirni: Giki-S. Good little girls oughtn't to make mouths at.'thcir teachers for every trilling offense. This retaliation should only be resorted to under peculiarly aggravating circumstances. If you have nothing but a rj'g doll stuf fed with :r.vdust, while one of your more fortunate Hale playmates hui a costly siiina one, you should treat her with a show of kindness nevertheless. And you ought not to attempt to make a forcible swap with her unless your conscience would justify you in it and you know you are able to do it. You ought never to take your little brother's "chewing gum" awayjfrom him by main force; it is better to rope him in with the promise of the first two dol lars and a half you find floating down the river on a grindstone. In the artless sim plicity of his time of life he will regard it as a perfectly fair transaction. In all ages of the world this eminently plausible fiction has lured lhu obtuse infant to finan cial ruin atid disaster. If uny time, you find it necessary to cor rect your brother, d.) not correct him with mud never on any account throw mud at him, because it will soil his clothes It is better to scald him a lillle ; for then you 'attain desirable results you secure his immediate attention to the lessons you are inculcating, and at the same time your hot water will have a tendency to remove impurities from Lis person and possibly the" skin also, in spots. If your mother tel. jou to do a thing, it is wronj to teply that you 0.i't. It is better and more becoming to intimale that you will do as she bids you. and then af terwards act .quietly m the matter ac cording to the dictates of your better judgment. Good little girls always show marked deference for the aged. You ought never to "sass" old people unless they "sass" you lirst. Okigin of the Wokd "Qciz." Very few words ever took uch a run as thi, and probably none ever arose in a similar way. Webster endeavored to trace it to Norman and Spanish roots ; but in reality it has no meaning, nor is it derived from any language in the world evr known, from the Uabylonish confusion to this day. When Kicbard Daly was patentee of the Irish theatres, ho spent tho evening of a Saturday in company with many of the wits and men of the day ; betting was introduced, when tho manager staked a large sum that he would hear spoken, all through the principal streets of Dublin, by a certain hour next day, Sunday, a word having no meaning, and being de rived from no'known language. Wagers were laid, and stakes deposited. Daly repaired lo the theatre, and despatched all the servants and supernumeraries with the word "quiz," which they chalked on every door and every, shop window in town. Shops being shut all next day, everybody going to and coming from their dille'rent placcs'of worship saw the word, aud everybody repeated it, so that "quiz" was heard all through Dublin ; the cir cumstanco of so strange a word being on every door and window caused much sur prise ; and ever since, should a strange story be attempted to pass current, it draws forth the - expression, "Xua arc quizzing me." Curiosities of Art. Jerome Faba, aa Italian priest, a native of Calabria, exercised himself in a species of industry, wonderful for its dif ficulty. He finished a work of boxwood, which represented all the mysteries of the Passion and which might be put in the shell of a walnut. ' To him whs attribu ted a coach the size of a grain of wheat, within which there were to be seen a man and woman, a coachman who drove it, and horses that drew it. These were presented to Francis I, and Charles V In China, the tomb of Coufucius. has been made in small miniature no larger than a nut, but wonderfully composed of precious metals, and adorned with a pro fusion of gems ; but its value consists of the labor expended on ins execution. Its landscapes, dragons, angels, animals, and human beings, would require severfil pages of description, which would, after all, without a view of the model, prove tedious and unintelligible. Charles V of Spain, had a watch which was confined to the jewel of his ring ; and a watchmaker in London presented George HI, with one set in the same manner. Its size was something less than a silver two-pence, and it contained one hundred and twenty-five different partg, and weighed, altogether, not more than five penny-weights and live grains. The tomb of IJaphael, executed by an Italian named Uaccavala, x-i indeed a wonder. It is only twelve inches in height, and from an inch to four in diam eter. It is adorned with various archi tectural ornaments, in the richest style of Gothic. The work is said to be unrival ed in merit as also in beauty. The model is contained in a box of wrought gold, and is itself of b ixwo-.xl. Tho general design may be regarded as architectural, embellished with several compartments of sculpture, or of carving, consisting of various groups of figures These dis play different events in the life of Chtist. Some of the figures are less than a quarter of an inch in height, but though thus min ute, all are fini.-hed with the greatest ore c'tsiou and ki!i : and what mokes this execution still more cutious and admira ble, is the delicacy and beauty with which the back and distant figures are executed. A S.MAnTYocm. Don l'iatt mad0 iho acquaintance of several boot-blacks while at Saratoga, who bud strayed up there from New Y'ork to'get tha run of business durttij tha races, and thus inters viewed one : I was pasting on8 evening when I was hailed with : "I say, mister." "Hold your jaw, Dick : he's a lJriga-. dier (Jeneral." " T "Well, boy, what is it V "Couldn't you get old Fisticuffs to let us in on thd course to-morrow f" "Who do you mean by old Fisticuffs !" "Why, John Morrissey, to be sure.'' "Why, what do yoa wact on the race course I" "Ain't it nat'ral a fidler'd like to see the races, and came so f.r.'" "You don't want to see the races; 'you want to pick op a few things l)ing around loose, to give to the good mission aries." "Thai's gassitf ." "I say. boys, why don't you go out West ?' There's a demand for boys at the West, and a society in New Y'ork that sends them out free of expense. Go there, and make men of yourselves " "O, go to thunder! 1 know'd a boy that tried that, and they put him in a cornfield, and worked him like a mule, with nothin' to cat and no clothe?. lie stole a lest her apron and put it in the seat of his breeches, anil was kicked thousands uv miles before he got home. They just wore that apron out a kickin.' Fool who?" Good advice was quite thrown away on this little man cf a bad world, lie had baeu up both those apple trees known as the Tree of Knowledge and the Tree of Life. Haciihloks, Attestion! The atten tion of all bachelors is invifed to the fol lowing "wail" : m "There are some sad sights in this world; a city sacked and burned a battle-field after a great slaughter a London in the miJst of a plague a ship burning at sea a family pining in starvation a jug of molasses wrecked on the pavement. All bad, it is true. 15ut to our mind, the saddest sight of all is an old bachelor wearing towards the end of his journey of life, bis great duties undone. Miserable creature I just look at him ; his shirt-buttons off his stockings out at the toes not a son or daughter, nor a relative to drop a tear, to close his eyes in death, or to leave his money to nobody, in fact, to care for him shunned by saint nnd sin ner. Poor old bachelor !" JT Essex, Mass., has a champion paler famdai. He refused to have the pegs of a new pair of shoes he was buying for his boy rasped off, because in that case the boy would run all over town, and the shoes wouldn't last him three weeks. Ax Evansville girl was singing, "l'ut mo in my little bed" to her beau, when the profane accents of her malo parent broko the stillness, remaiking that if sho didn't put him in d n soon, he'd have to fchift fee himself out dooie. SYSOPSIS OF THE GoYcnson's Mess AO Li . The great leugth of the Governor's Mes sage, delivered before the Pennsylvania Le gislature on the 4th inst., precludes the pes stbihty of our giving tt in full in our columns, ciian?ed from the C0D(J Tuesday in &i0 but the following synopsis, for which we are ; ber to the samo day in November oa which indebted to the Pittsburgh I'osf, will be j nearly all the surrounding States uow hold fuund to contain all of public interest em- j theirs. This would dispense with one e'ey bodied in that somewhat prosy document : tion every fourth year and prvent 1nvasa INTKOdcctoet. rom other States for tha purpose of ictf-t - An All wise Providence lu permitted yen I ft?rin;r with c,,r elections, as the citizens o' to atsemble under circumstances demanding ,'ach yta,s wouId be occupied with their profound gratitude to the Great Lawgiver of ' own- lhe wasn, too, would be more st the Univer.. Our acknowledgments are i 'ctorj the People of the agricultural first due to Him whoso hand has not grown I as it would not interfere with tha weary in showering blessings in profusion j harvesting of their corn and other summer mum llie riPf Ti!f in pvprv ilpri;irf m.'ii t nf in- ! prOO UCllOnS. oustrv. atid crowning their tod with richest j . c - rewards. i The circumstances undtr which you com nierico the duties cf the present se?.-ioa are, indeed, auspicious ; aud at no former peiiod j in our history has there teen greater cause j fur fIi-itAtin iiimn tho iripsttnvtbta hlneairfru i we enj.y. and the happy and prosperous ! For the 'p-'3 :n3. maxsy others equal condition of our -real and tiro win' Common- ! imPrUut wh:cb m,-ht he enumerated, I wealth. fisa::c&6. It affords me pleasure to congratulate the peopde upon the satisfactory condition of the Treasury. Kveiy demand upua it for ordi nary aud ether expenses has been promptly paid, and the public debt materially rediset d. which has inspired such public confidence in J the securities tf ifce Coinrnonw eaith as to ' cause them to commar.d the highest premi- j urns in the marl et. The operations of this j department will be presented to you more fuily and in detail in the reports of the Au- S ditor General, State Treasurer, and Cjiumis- j sior.ers of the Sinking Fund. j SCMMAKY OF PU3LIC DLBT. j Keeeipts during tiie .v-ur t7.T3T,4C3.7-1 ; ltaUmoe in Trrasurv Nov. 1, 170 l.:5",V.1.3:5 Total dvjta Nov. 1, 1--7U ol,m,tWl.!M KKDCClIoS OF THE rCBUU UfcHT. On the 15th day of January, 18u7. tha j total indebtedness of the State was thirty- : KUTC-n million seven hundred and four thous- ; and four hundred and dollars and aev- ! enty-s-even cmts. Since then, and t-t ' November CO, 1370, the suui'of six uailiba ; five hnndred and ninety-two thousand seven j hundre d and fjity-aevtu dollars and eighty j sevcu ceijis has bt-eu paid. The reduction ; duiiag the year ending November 0, 1870, is o-jc million seven hundred and two thous- j eighty seven dollars. CONSTITUTIONAL COXVilNTlON'. In relation to a Constitutional Convention the Governor submits the following : First DdTeient systems of !aw3 lor roads, bridges, schools, elections, poor-bousos, and many other things, are enacted for the sev eral counties, townships and borougus, on profession, to acquire or fciiowleUae oi iae varjin - &teiuo ui iw m i p - i : . . . . T - ' their respective districts; and frequently, on removal from one coULty to aaotUr. our a:" -til uuau,cu a"'- ""-J ; have vtt been receive 1, although i i . - i j i . .. . ' . ; an. nveceuts. . i tion of tho CoKiur.ss:on;rs was ine average re mcuon Prr annum .,r i:i , . ,De(.;4l c5rcuar frcm last tour years is one mti.r,u , x uuuure. of th. Commonwealth. As ana lorty-e.gai inoasaua o-e uuu.cu auu . -,..,.,.. tnx .in( ,i,pnPrM Biu.jeias u.u " . "j fnta . 17,612 teachers, and 8: ...I :,.K ,.,.fIlif f.A l.a itffil jti.il "iff ' general laws, op.rauug u.ura..j uyou T an -mcrW88 OTer tba t - - . - f I i . i n r. ii.:- f.ii" tha rT I ! 'tin . a - .u,i p . , ! of 81 districts : -J7G nchwl t judges of tne courts, or rn-meersoi ie ,CSui . 20o directors : 3 su ICkatu mu wu uit; ; p.eopse nau uieuiaic u..c. vuwxc. ; tin.,enries, Jl.105.22G 05 ; other expendi diffcreu! icies .! tares. 495.475 ; making a tot:U cf $7,771,-VJ-rracU-a.ly. the whole theory of ; ; E,.-attl1 Tahw of school pro;er. m f.,nwtitiiti.n !ti.t oiwf-rniiient is subvert- i ... . . V , our Constitution and iovernment is subvert- ed and destroyed by the present system of j local enactments. Representative govern- j ment is basel on the idea that the las shall j be framed by. and be the result f. the col- j ieclive wisdom of the people's tprtsentatives. Uut what are tb actual lacts i 12 mtnos . f f th(J RupfcrintfcDiont of the Sol and efforts of the members are so wholly ab- , ,...,',..... R..i.nilr f.r fho vr irmi- sorbed by private and local bills that it is almost in.pos.-iblfi to get a prut ral or public act considered or passed. Tna special aim h eal bills are usually drawn by the member 1 re presentinsc the locality, or by e-me ono from the district interested in the proposed j taw. By what is called courtesy, u U con- shlered a breach of ttiquvtte lr any mem l er of tho Senate or House to inteifore with f or oppose a merely jrivate or local bill of any other mt-mbcr." Tho result is, the bills j are passed as originally prepared, without j examination or comparison cf views often j etude and ill-digested and without legard 1 to constitutional requirements, or s. ur.u 1 public pr.Iicy. Some T the wort of those hastv ami badly considered enactments ara : arrested by Executive interposition; but in j ihe nature of the case, the vote at U-.-t can 1. .r-.-.l.i n t-Ti.t'l i"t raint ut'i 11 the forrTv.'V1, it lU,rl t V 1 1 , I 1 1 IHHUIIlp 1 . - I const it ut ional p rohi bi t ion. Fourth Special legislation is the sreat and impure fountain of corruption, private sptculations and public wrongs. It has be come a reproach to Republican Government and is one of the most alarming evi's of tho time. Juuitious amtmimems 10 me v,ai- stitutiou would arrest aud destroy the grow- in., evil: aud it is the duty of every patriotic : : . citizen to co-operate in all lawful measures to effect so desirable a consummation. In the enactment laws a radical change is demand- ed. Every bill presented for adoption should be read, at least once in full, and the yeas and navs be recorded on its tlual passage. e be an Fifth It is important that the State Con stitution should be made to conform to tho Constitution of tho United States aa recently amended. ixt?i The subject of minority represen tation is now much agitated, and is receiving a large share of consideration among thoughtful and considerate men. It em braces problems tf great political impor afld its manifest bistice commends it to public favor. Whilst some of the objects it proposes might be obtained by legislative enactments, tl..' .general principles involved are so c-lemer.tary and radical, they should, if adopted, be incorporated into the funda mental law. . Seventh TJ 0 members of the General Assembly should be increased in number. Eighth Thf-ro 'should bo a fundamental limitation to the powers c-f corporations. Xixth There is absolute necessity for t greater security for the public funds and for l their proper distribution. I Tenth Tho State Tieasnrer, Superintend ent of Common School., and a Lieutenant Governor, the lter to preside over the Senate, and perform tha duties of Governor, in any case of his absence, sickness or d?a!h, shonld be elected by the people. Tha At' toroey General, Secretary of State, aud ilu Adjutant General should, fur obvious rev sons, continue to be appointed by tho Governor. Eleventh The d.iy for holding the annual ! The necessity far constitutional reform is appreciated aud r. Itnitted by all who bava reflected upou the subject, and without dis tinction of party, the presj has been outspo ken, and has almost unanimously sanctioned the calling, at an early day, of a constitu tional convention. i earnestly recommend that the Legislature j make provision for a convention to thoronjh ; ly revise and amend the Constitution of thu i State. i EKTISION OF THE CIVIL CODE. The cominissrioctrs to revise the statutes ! have completed their work. The entiro I laws of the Commonwealth, including thosa i of British origin, except such as relate to crime, hive been revised, collated and sys tematically arranged iu a Supreme C-iurt, in ail snch cases, to review both tho law and the evidence. AriCTIOXMEST. The important duty devolves upon you to apportion, in accordance with the last cenvus, the representation to the Gonoral Aerntly asd to Congress. This wiil ba aTi 'ng the most laborious arid difficult works of the ses-ion. In its performance, it is pre sumed and trusted that you will be guidad and governed by a strict sense of justice and impartiality to all parties and to every dis trict iu the Stale, so that no well-founded reason be given for complaint or censure. Under the laws of the State it is made the duty of the County Uymniissh jner-Jof tha respective c unties to make returns to tha Governor cf the septennial enumeration of taxab'es oa or before the fir.-t Tuesday of December. l one-fourth of thefa returns the atten- iuvited to the the Secret- socn as the snry abstracts will be uiaia out and forwarded to tha Leg islature. CcMMON SCUOf u. The report cf the Superintendent of Com mon Schools show that there are now within the State. 2.002 school districts; 14.212 schools; 2. 802 graded schools; 13,100 di rectors; 79 county and other euperintend- 28,891 pupils. preceding year 447 graded priutecdents : 470 teachers, and 13 118 pupns. i , ... ,r .:,:.,.. e. tKa 3at -A- , t3 745 47581 . Puilding. inrchasing and , renfir sch,,ol h((llses. $2,70o C44 34 ; con- ty, $15,837,183. Avcrago salary t f malo teachers, 4-0 05 per month ; length cf school term 6 05 moot lis; and the cst per month of each pupii, OS cents. SOLDIERS C'lilMI A NS S UOOLS. Your attention is respectsuliy invited to ! yr ' 1 j.. - fiist olg3ri;!V,iari of ,ie3e schools , w h.jIe numb.r of children admitted is 5 053. And during tbe same penou. me discharges, including deaths, amount to 1, roi 1. ., -1 in llirt ti--ho.i!s t tha . . 1 j J ,ht)myeri: tof whom 2,137 are in "graded" and 7'J& in un-J .09 in -Homes." primary schools. Tne rxt eiuiitures ( f the system for tha j school year ending May 31, 1870, ar a J folfow" viz : For olucntton anl m-iintenatice of I etiilireii iu ailvano-oii s bnois .ff 3,9(0.57 1 For -itiicu:ion mii nuonifiiaiiee or I c!iii-!rt-n in prtmury si-hfiols : Tor efitoniiou i"l niitiuteiiance 01 j t'iiiUirt-it m Uiiiiit-s .V" j 1'or eloihiiiL', s'uoc-s matiiii, nior.dir.j, ! for partial ri-liet of 13 ehil-iri-n, at ii 10M7O.53 '.ror-A expenses.. icll 30c.no .ii!0.00 . V.'t.IOU.UO j Total expenses... aoUil ttii-'i-oi;wuno Balancf . AGMCt'L'l L'HAL C0I.1.LGIC. This institution appears to be gradually accomplishing tho objects for which it has lx'on iiherailv endowed bv the Stito. It has 1 . . j about sixty students, wno arc msirnciej not only in the ordinary branches cf literature i cna science, but in all the fie id operations j necessary for a thorough agricultural educa- tion Tho experimental farms, established 1 under the super vi-ion of the ifricers, hav j thus far auswered their expectations, national CMF.tekik3. nave 0:i the first of July, 1870. aa act cf Con ferees was passed amendatory to the act, entitled "An Act to establish and protect National Cemeteries," approved February 22, 1807. The olj ct cf these laws is to pface oud.'r the Naiiouat Gvcrr,meut th management and preservation of these cem eteries, aud to secure the ci usent if the sev eral States iu which they are located. . Thi conseut has already been. iv n as to tl a cemntery at Gettysburg, by thu act approved April 14th, j&Oti ; and the National author ities now ask for the same action, "ty tho State as to the cunetcriesat tenwci-J. Leb anon, Mount Mi tiah, Qod Fellows an-t Woodland, in lVdadwphi ; and also thots at Llarrisbutg, I'ittsburgh and York. OS jLOoICAL sukvey. A reliable geological and mineralogicai survey would be of iotalenlabla value to tba State. ' Without it we have indefinite ideas of our vast undeveloped mineral wealth, and the expense attending i; wciild be utterly insignificant when ci mpand with the bene- Gcial results. V'o aro, at present, without vea a rtl'.aolo mat. to indjcate the locality cijarskCter aud resources o( our utii erul I - v. s n
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