'ZOOLOGY QM) URGEON GENERAL WY MAN of the public health service has been buying such quantities of live rab- bits lately, for use in his business, that, in response to inquiry, he has felt obliged to explain that the animals are wanted not for vivisection, but for the manufacture of serums and antitoxins. They are dosed with small quantities of disease germs again and again until, 'having been "hyperimmunlzed" by this means, their blood contains an anti poison utilizable as a cure for the malady, whatever it may be, in hu- Iman beings. Mithridates of old, the celebrated iking of Pontus, was so afraid of being poisoned, that he dosed himself con stantly with small quantities of vari jous kinds of poisons in order that he Imight become in a measure proof iagainst them. Practically the same imethod is adopted by the public health service, which, in the manner ■described, "hyperimmunizes" such taniinals as sheep, horses, cows and jrabbP.s, with a view to the subsequent employment of their blood for the cure or prevention of disease. It is by this means, for instance, that diph theria antitoxin Is obtained. Ry the same means it Is hoped to secure a satisfactory serum for the treatment or prevention of the bubon ic plague. Already, in India, the plague "vaccine" has been obtained — ;made by breeding the germs of the ■disease in beef soup, and then killing them by heat, the resulting fluid being administered by hypodermic injection. This is a matter of extreme impor tance, inasmuch as the malady in ■question is at the present time threat ening to ravage our own country. Our government, during the last fis cal year, spent $650,000 in fighting the plague on the Pacific coast, and with in the next twelve months it will ex pend about $1,000,000 fdr the same purpose. From this fact it may be judged that the situation in regard to the bubonic disease —or black death, as it used to be called—ln the United States just now is far from cheerful, notwithstanding tho efforts of the health authorities to minimize alarm on the subject. The truth is that this most dreaded and destructive of all human maladies seems to have obtained a secure foot hold on the Pacific coast, where small epidemics of it have broken out In sev eral of the larger cities within the last three years. But the most serious fea ture of the situation lies in the clr- j cumstance that the bubonic infection has already become widely spread I among the rats of the towns and the | .ground squirrels of the rural districts ! In that region. The plague is a rat disease prima- | rily. It is conveyed to human beings j (as well as to ground squirrels) by | the fir a. A flea bites a plague-sick rat and. later on, it bites a man, thus in oculating the latter with the deadly ! Infectlpn. It is only through quite remarkable good luck that the malady has not already made its appearance at our principal Atlantic seaports. This may well happen, and the public I health service 112 which has its head j quarters at Washington) has had for some time past a complete plan of ! campaign mapped out to meet such an emergency. Immense quantities of grain and Other merchandise are constantly he lm? shipped from San Francisco and other Pacific coast ports to the East. Rats are often transported with such merchandise, ,as involuntary passen gers, hidden in grain sacks, or other wise. I>»t one or two plague-stricken specimens be delivered In New York and the metropolis would be likely soon to have an epidemic on its hands—the first warning of the out break being afforded by the finding of large numbers of dead and dying rats about the wharves und in the streets To light the mischief, If It once got start- d In New York, the municipality would be obliged to WUKI> a war of extermination against rats This would Involve an expenditure of many mil lions of dollars much money Ulng required not only for the whobsal« trapping und poisoning of the animals, hut also lor the ratprooflng of .ewers, houses and particularly building- used for the storage of f»x>d supplies. R* perlonce has shown that tli<* only way to get rid of such vermin is to de prive them of food and hiding places, trlbutlon among human beings on two trlbutlon among human being on two animals the rat and the Il> a It serves very strikingly to Illustrate what might be called the modern so ologlcal aspect of diseases The work ing laboratory of the public health •ervlci in Washington la today. In deed a sort of station for natural his tory research, and an official soologlst. In t'harle \\ Stll< Is In < harge of one of It* most Important departments Nowadays, when th» study or a dis ease Is U'nun, suspicions are always entertained against uue or morn anl< mala, as possibly sc. ountabl. for the trouble directly or in-lir- • tl> fust as, for emmple the Afrituu crocodile Is charged with maintaining In Its bhssl the pars t« of sleeping stckas-4," which the dreaded tsetse ll> (after Idling lie a I* alleged! coll treys to hi. .an le-iag* Hlmllaih, In our i iiuntry. th utailMtmat ane mis, which aWliii hundreds oi thou sands of people in tt»» south, has ttweu absolutely preved to be d<« to a mi pule li eiiwuri ' that bw>«* tUt i.tgu the skin of the feet and, making its way to the intestine, establishes itself there as a bloodsucker. Such problems keep the government health authorities moving. As soon as one is solved another turns up—as, for instance, in the case of the mysterious "spotted fever," which has been mak ing so much trouble lately in the mountainous regions of Montana and adjacent Rocky Mountain states. It is an entirely new complaint, but ex tremely fatal, four out of every Ave persons attacked by It in the Hitter Root valley (where It assumes Its most virulent form) passing speedily from the sick bed to the burying ground. A characteristic symptom is an eruption of pimply red spots all over the 'body. Investigation has proved that this disease is due to a "germ" of some sort—presumably a bacterium, but so minute as not to be visible under the microscope—which Is carried by a certain species of wood tick. There Is no question of the accountability of the tick, for the malady has been suc cessfully transmitted, in an experi mental way, through the medium of Its bite, from guinea pig to guinea pig. from monkey to monkey and even from human being to human being (in two i volunteer) instances. Some of j the insects were brought to Washing ton T'tid encouraged to lay eggs, which were duly hatched by Dr. Stiles; but it does not appear that more than a very small minority of them, In a state of nature, are Infected. These exceptional Individuals probably ac quire their infection by biting some animal which harbors the germ, but what animal that is, nobody knows. Speaking of volunteers, there seems never to be any lack of them, where risks have to be run in the experimen tal study of diseases. It does not mat ter how deadly the malady may be, there are always men ready to take their lives In their hands for such pur poses. often without reward. Such was the case when a call was Issued In Cuba, in 1900, for soldiers willing to expose themselves to the bites of mosquitoes carrying the Infection of yellow fever. It was the case again recently, when ('apt. Charles F. Craig, of the army medical corps, wanted men In the Philippines for a practical test of his theory that dengue, or "brenkbone" fever, owes Its distribu tion to a mosquito of another species —th" night flying culex fatlgans. an In sect already positively known to be the carrier of the parasite thread worm which causes elephantiasis. Wherever on« looks. In the study of diseases, one finds animals of various kinds acting as the carrier* of the germs which make the mischief. Sci ence as yet has made only a beginning In this sort of Investigative work. The Anopheles mosquito Is known to be the sole conveyor and distributor of the malaria microbe; but wher.» did the microbe of malaria come from inig null) ' It In at. •■verylxnb knows, n pi to;, nit that I* tot i*. an animal organism of a low form, but Its or igin Is a ptlXlle. The same thing might be salt! of the bacterial parasites that cause yel low fe\.sf and dengue It Is thought they are closely related, the symptoms the> traduce being Bonn w hat similar, but uobody ever saw either of them IJke the germs of measles and scarlet fever, they are so minute as to be lit ; visible, even under a high power ml crtMeepe As for dengue, to find some way of combatting It was of special itu portance from th<» viewpoint of the war department, because It was of very IruuMeaowe in thn l*hlltppia< % breaking out In "eiploslve epidemics,* and Incapacitating entire towpnales fur fighting purposes with « >lmut !»■> uuswens most ilUtrv slug The maimer of Its spread «a* such as ub vlously tu » tgg> at an insect ugsitey, i j and I'Uiel fatig.tas. always most piett tlful where and whea dengue ay i Veared. *m aaturally su->pe< ted CAMERON COUNTY PRESS, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1910. To test the. theory. Captain Craig ex posed a number of soldiers (volunteer ing for the purpose in response to an offer of S2OO apiece) to the bites of mosquitoes of this species which had already bitten men sick with dengue. Twenty or thirty of the insects, hatched from eggs in the laboratory, were first liberated under the mos quito bar of a dengue-sick soldier, in order that they might attack him and become infected, and, a few hours later, they were removed and placed beneath the mosquito bar of a well man. In every such instance the mal ady was successfully reproduced; and, as a result, dengue patients are now treated in the wards of ordinary hos pitals, no fear of contagion being en tertained so long as mosquitoes are prevented from getting at the suffer ers and thus acquiring the Infection for distribution among other people. The greatest of all medical puzzles at the present time is cancer. Mor tality from other diseases is steadily diminishing, owing to improvements in sanitation and In methods of treat ment, but this dreadful malady is kill ing people faster every year. Out of every eight women who pass the ago of forty, one dies of cancer. In all likelihood the reason why the germ j has never been discovered is that, like j the microbes of yellow fever and j measles. It is so tiny a.n to be ultra-mi croscopic. Probably It Is carried by ! one or more of the lower animals, and ! science at the present time is engaged in a far-reaching Inquiry with a view ! to solving this branch of the problem. I Mice have been accused, and fishes I likewise, but no n«-ar approach seems : to have been made to a solution of the i mystery. If only the secret, doubtless I a simple one, were known, the discov- j erv of a cure for cancer would not b« ' long postponed. A Good Retort. It Is told of a successful comedian that his first bit of populari'y was , gained in a rough mining town where j he was giving "impersonations" in a | hall to a large but unpleasantly crlti I cal audience. He was young, and not exactly at Ills ease, and the freely delivered com ments which greeted him on his ap- J pearam-e were not reassuring, but h« kept on, and gained in confidence. | Some of the audience, however, had : come prepared to am use themselves, and did not propose to he balked After one really commendable Im personation there was a round of ap plauae, but In the midst of It a great cabbage lauded on the stage at th« actor's feet. He picked It up. examined it, and then teaming out over the audlenc* with the bland and Innocent ex pre* ■lon which has since become one ol I his assets, he said: "Thank you. This In more thai I had any reason to expect. It Is th« J first time any one has ever lost hit head over my acting Youth's Cuut i pan ton Document* in Unknown Tongu*. home documents from c«-ctral Asia have !•• n a<-qu!r"l b> tho Asiatic clety of lleng.U froiu a Montenegrta. t hey con .tat of five legvea if bn>«ia Uh yellow papor, Btea-iurlag eight tuches by • \ Inches. The stgatllranre of these five leav.-s, the g» iiutnenesa of which cannot be 1 doubted. Is that scholars *r« here c«m --1 front* I with a number of consecutive parage* In a language to which t» I cli * has yet been found, and of which hitherto only fragment* have !•• • n rescu- I fr«>m th» t utal* of rcatr*! Asia It U t" wlbie that by means of these I like an Imp- riant literary lan : gua*" of wlM»e e t Isle lice the » »r!4 had no suspn ton may he rescued froat | >bllvt«u The paging un the r«v» rss lof «-u> U leaf show* that the) i-ue* [ • <riut >| « part of aa eiteiMt** work. PROPER TREATMENT FOR OVERHEATED WORK HORSE It Is Important to Know That Exhaustion From Summer Heat May Be Prevented—Clean Stable, Feed and Air Essential. fßy A. S. ALEXANDER, Wisconsin.) When (luring the hot weather the hard worked horse suddenly stops sweating, lags, weakens, pants and has hot dry skin and extremely red dened membranes of the eyes, nose and mouth he is suffering from heat exhaustion and by using the ther mometer It would be found that his temperature is over IOC degrees. Unless a horse in this condition is Immediately rested, putin a cool, shady, breezy place and there cooled off he will be likely to fall and die of beat apoplexy or "sun stroke." It therefore Is well to know and look Babingley Good Luck. cut for the symptoms here outlined and then be able to treat them lntelli gently. In the first place it ia Impor tant to remember that heat exhaustion may be largely prevented: By keeping the horse's stable clean, airy, perfectly ventilated, darkened and screened In summer time. Feeding the best of foods In ade quate but not extreme quantities. Making no sudden changes of food. Allowing plenty of cool, pure drink ing water. Permitting ample time for rest at noon. Removing the harness during such rest periods. Not overworking any horse and al ways changing frequently the middle horse of a three horso team, as he HINGED HURDLER FOR SWYNE 81! ' ' 112 ''' ' ' Instead of chasing pigs and having them running In every direction, make a V shaped hurdler an shown In the Illustration, says Farm Pre** The i frame Is light wood and the webbing ; la made by two thicknesses of close tuesh wire fencing with water proofed | building (taper between. A stiff wood ! en brace runs ••ach way through the j center so the fencing may be stretched j EXTINCTION OF EARLY EQUINES Mtn.lt Mv-iterv Surruund* l)i?u>p p«',irnus.e of American Horse— Attributed l>v Some to tut rusntiiK Colli Over three r«nturla.-> ago, at the time >il the Spanish eonqoe it. theie ! was not to be found la the new world, to tt ha • been practically j pro*, d, a *lngi< animal that answered j to the d> ftcrtptton of the horse Hon- i. Itidi >-d. which the ttpaulsh brought wtth them, were objeets at tir- of great terror to ih« native*. *ho took theiu to b>* four legged S»< , per'natural beings come purposely to i aid the coittuvrora. Yet r*e*M re *• arch by the Whitney lul»sti>n lis* es tablished b> yond doubt that long be lure Columbus the America* were overrun hy horses from ihu moun tains m Vln »k.t to Ihe plstn* of Pata goitla says llaijwt s i*lly la l<!< the chance discovery ia New | Jersey «i| sn »«|ulne fault of xa uB I k< •>» a hind. !ed tu sinrv methodical tnveatig.ittun .if Viuii'U * with Ihe rv su|i thai tre historic h< la>aea bav>< lieea found Ik Cattfomta sad Or egon; tietweea Ike Gulf ol U< xliu attd 1 the I'.ouliaas. In Texas. I^l* ; *tda agd tb *ali< V* of Mull'", la the hastw uf His MUsi «alppi and om tin* s*s'eia suffers fearfully from the direct rays of the sun. Also shade the polls of horses at work and in such a way that air cnn pass under the shading hat or other cover. When a hor&e shows symptoms of heat exhaustion stop work, stand him under a tree where there is a breeze, shower his body with cold water from a sprinkling can, keep cold wet packs to the poll of his head and give him large, frequent doses of stimulants such as whisky In strong cold coffee. Do not bleed him or give him aco nite or other poisonous drugs. Re peat the dose of stimulant every half hour at first and every hour or two as he gains strength and the fever abates. A good stimulant is prepared by mixing together one part of aromatic spirits of ammonia and two parts each of alcohol and sweet spirits of nitre. Of this give two ounces In a pint of water or cold coffee as one dose. If he Is bloated give four ounces ol hyposulphite of soda dissolved In water and Inject soapy cold water and glycerine Into the rectum once an hour until relieved. In case of sun stroke call in the graduate veterlnar ian as soon as possible. An excellent likeness of Dabinglo) Good Luck, one of Lord Rothschlld'i famous shires, is shown in the lllua tratlon. tight. It ls» light and o trotiff that tt l almost Indestructible. With on« of thene rlgx you can build a narrow lane on one aide of the j»en and more |it aheud na the hoi? mom. lie sees the opening uhead anil walks that I way to (ti-t out. Hog* may b« coaxed with a rig of this kiml when It la tin l«>»ittbU> to drive them where you want ! th 'lll to K«). »lot HOI of the itiH-ky mountain* Monica, too. muet have boen numeroua In this country previous to the appearance of man rest-archee hating brought to light their fuMKllla* il retualua mixed up with pottery and th« atono arm* of cave dw"Hit* How la It. then. that the rac«, represented In America by kind* of fossil* conaldtrahly more numerous than In Eurafi- CUM for a time to vanixh from thla country to reappear thousand* irf tnturlwi later with tb« HpanUh rmqimt? Fur but a ceutry after Carte* th»r» were already In ev tntHiti'%! h<-rde of wilt) horses In tha rwglona of the mata and tbu prairie* of the far west Hy MM thla tamitorary extinction 'if th>- American bora* baa t« «n at tribute d to tbu Increasing i old and tb« encroachment* of ih« glacial heiula pfcure It la certain that the tlephant .titd > aiiu*l disappeared at thu same time Another explanation t« that tbe huraea suo-umbed to a malady *u»h !• th» "rlnder|>eat * In Mouth Url<'a *a kin what brought about this exodus ma) |»iaai*ily haw been a a|>M> laa uf ibo |ir« »i m day (\dutubian vampire '»»t ahu b naki tbe life btwud of It* < let lan, and In lb« <i*irhu tt InfaeU prwv> at» ib« bur*) t>uu.a J aa a *>eaat of burden (.Ida •• Cream Caa* Se*» r put ttuM ltd* on nvtw ><4Mi a bile tile cr« am to Vtftti S Tfci Plim U Elf Ctay j JXF^ARSONS'J IRHEUMATISMI ILUMBAGO, SCIATIC*! INEURALBIA anil ■KIDNEY TROUBLEI I 'l-O*OPS" taken internally, rids the blood H H of ths poisonous matter and acids which ■■ ■ are tbe direct causes of these diseases. H ■ Applied externally It affords almost In- ■ B sunt relief from pain. while a permanent H ■ cure Is being elleoted by purifying thsß ■ blood, dlisoltln* the poisonous sab- ■ stsnoe and removing it from the system. ■ $ DR. 8. D. BLAND , I ■ Of Brewton, Ok., writes) H «i hid boa aiuSmr for a number of yean H with Lumbago »n<l Rbeamatlim Is my arm* ■■ aad lagi.and triad all tba remadlaa that I ooald H gather from madlcal works, end alao conaultad ■ wltb a number of tli« boat pb/alofcuu. but found H nothing that gare the rollef obtained from H ■I "t-DROPB." 1 ahall prwerllM It to my practise H U Sw rheumatism and kindred dleeaiea." I FREE) I II yoa are suffering with Rheumatism, ■ ■ Neuralgia, Kidney Trouble or any ktn-H M dred disease, writs to us for a trial bottle ■ ■ of '%-DBOPS," and test It yourself. I "J-DROPS" can be used any length of H H time without acquiring a "drug habit" ■ ■ as It Is entirely froe of opium, oooalne, ■) ■ alcohol. laudanum, tod other similar ■] ■ Ingredients. ■ *—•«!# I ■ SWAMOI IHEgRATIB OORI OOMMIY.B ■ BepS. I*. ISO Lake llirwl, CSI—o. M "7 THIS ad. is directed at the man who has all the business in his line in this community. <J Mr. Merchant —You say you've got it all. You're sell ing them all they'll buy, any how. But at the same time you would like more business. <3 Make this community buy more. <J Advertise strongly, consist ently, judiciously. <3 Suppose you can buy a lot of washtubs cheap; advertise a big washtub sale in this pa per. Putin an inviting pic ture of a washtub where people can see it the minute they look at your ad. Talk strong on washtubs. And you'll find every woman in this vicinity who has been getting along with a rickety washtub for years and years will buy a new one from you. <J That's creative business power. OURj AI). KATES ARK KIOHT -CALL ON US iCuyrnght, ljuj, by W s L\> Wor d-of - Mouth Advertising rnmummmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm Passing encomiums, only over your store counter, aU>ut the quality of what you've K°t to ■dl, results in about us mu<°h satisfaction as your wHo would Kot if you ij.ivb her a box o( Uk-u, lit Christmas. Advertising in Thin Paper uUi t«» avctrvt' "I* it v»fii « ah I iiuU«« ttVfrMiM iflkbiW M I sAim the <C Ad. Gun (TRUE \ w» «« n't
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers