UOLKBGCENTER v or <7 NEW BU/LD/MG AT WW MEREML MAT/QMS W/LL DO BL/SW&S3. I ————j ■■BBHBHHBaKBHBnViIIUUIIJHHHiaEEa ynwrWHi TW.rnl^y || jjjjj | HiU •rn WfewpoLicz % . r .v •„; < £Sfc r*!" '§ - ' W&ukmb™*\.m J i ■■■■Ksntac iSMtiTWv'" WTT/KnnrTrsm rA7TOU<S QU> HEADQUARTERS WHICH THE CITY HA<5 OWTXsROWIY H.% With the world growing smaller every year because of the improved and rapid means of transportation from one part of the globe to the other the detection of crime and the capture of great criminals is becom ing international in character. More and more are the police officials of the various great nations of the world drawing closer together in the effort to check crime and to detain the law breaker, so that no longer is the crim inal of one country able to hide him self within the borders of another nation. It is predicted that some day an in ternational police force will be estab lished for the capture of big criminals, and that New York will be the head quarters for this most intricate sys tem of detective machinery, in fact already that city occupies a leading position in respect to the policing of the world, and the new and magnifi cent building which is now being com pleted will give her the accommoda tions and facilities for carrying on the "work and the like of which no other city of the world has anything to com ipare. Built primarily for the needs of New York city alone it nevertheless is of such size and Its arrangement and equipment so complete as to en able It to fill a world-wide mission. Al ready the police force of New York city has taken first place for efficiency in the capture of criminals escaped from foreign shores, so that New York has come to be the best place in the world for the big crooks to keop away from, and metropolitan detectives are constantly traveling between this and foreign centers, transferring wrong doers and studying methods. Very close co-operation already exists be tween the various forces. The greatest headquarters abroad is England's famous Scotland Yard, a group of buildings which together are larger than New York's new building fe d which have the record of having handled 100,000 prisoners and ticket 'jf-leave men. But all of London's po lice work centers in Scotland Yard, whereas in New York each borough has a sub-headquarters of its own. Combining the American headquarters with the central stations of Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens and Richmond, you have an aggregate unequaled in size, as the Manhattan headquarters is un equaled in efficiency. The cosmopolitan character of New York's population has had much to do t/ith making it an international police center. With its criminals from prac tically every country in the world, it has been forced to employ men speak ing practically as many languages and many more dialects and some mem bers of the force are kept constantly at some school of languages to equip them for special work among ttie for eigners. This alone has linked the depart ment very closely to those of most of the foreign lands. Within one hour after the suspects in the murder of Father Kasper (remembered as the trunk mystery) were known to the New York detective bureau, the world had been circled by cable with their full description. Within 24 hours they had been traced, and they were ar rested the following week; one in Marseilles, another in Constantinople, and a third in Algiers. International police co-operation has a,lso gone far in the fight on the Black Hand, Hunchakist, Mafia and foreign organizations of criminals. Several European governments have sent their detectives to America and put them at the service of the Ameri can officials in this work. This has already resulted in the practical ex termination of the Armenian Huncha kists, whose outrages recently stirred the machinery of justice to effective work. New York's new police headquarters Is 308 feet long, 80 feet wide at one end and 60 feet "/ide at the other. The architectural scheme is the Georgian style of the eighteenth century, a handsome building radically different from that usually associated with po lice work. On the central dome Is a wireless telegraph apparatus so that the police may be in communication with incoming and outgoing ocean stoamers. It is also to be used in the rery unlikely event of the structure being besieged by a mob and the tele graph wires cut. The two uppermost stories will be Used as an armory and ririllroom for the force, and in case of emergency a thousand men can be concentrated there, and, if necessary, kept over night and fed from the big kitchen ranges downstairs. In the armory proper will be all the weapons neces sary in the defense of the city against a riot, even to two Gatling guns. In the sub-basement, 25 feet below the street level, are two modern army shooting ranges each 75 feet long, and fully equipped with markers. Here are also located the magazine-rooms, lockers and a large assembly-room for the men. The young recruits who are to be trained to police work here prac tice flying shots at an automatic dog or fleeing burglar. Pistol shooting has heretofore been one of the New York policeman's weakest points, but it need be no longer. In the basement are a number of cells for male and female prisoners, and several large steel cages to be used as "assembly" cells. Here also is one of those novel features of which there are a number in this building. A driveway has been constructed from the Broome street end of the building between the curb and porte cochere large enough to permit two or three wagonloads of prisoners to be taken directly to the cellroom without coming in contact with anyone other than the officer in charge. At the southern end of the building is a lounging-room for detectives attached to which are shower baths, lockers, dressing-rooms and a dormitory for the men on night duty. On the ground level in the main sec tion will be the entrance for the pub lic. Above the pillars that crown this main entrance will be figures repre senting the five boroughs, the colossal figure of Manhattan being the center piece directly over tlfe doorway. The new rogues' gallery will be on this floor, with the photographs and rec ords of tens of thousands of crooks, and in the adjoining rooms, the muse um of criminal curiosities, the bureau of records and identification, with the appliances for the Bertillon system and thumb identification. This is the room in which the dreaded "third de gree" comes to those suspected of con cealing the truth to save themselves or some "pal." The police library, the only one in the world, will be located here. This room is to contain books of criminal law, histories of police and crooks from the four comers of the earth. . Two complete telegraph and tele phone systems have been installed, so that should one of these become dis abled the other can be used in the emergency. Criticises Aid Given Schools. William H. Allen says:"The fact that $62,000,000 was given to the so called institutions of learning in 1907 affords no guarantee whatever that these funds will not subsidize mis education, rather than promote right education. The Rockefeller founda tion openly takes the ground that in many cases gifts to colleges and schools postpone the recognition of the truth that the beneficiary has out lived its usefulness and offers a poorer education than another institution within 25 miles equally needy but incomparably superior in equipment and staff. So far as the Carnegie foundation (1905) for pensioning col lege professors relieves colleges of their obligation to pay their way as they go, it is no more educational than a working girls' home that enables those it shelters to live on less than a living wage." In the Upper Air. In the international investigation of the upper air last July, many success ful ascents were made, a number of balloons sondes (sounding balloons) reaching a height exceeding 20,000 meters, or about 12% miles; while the highest one ascended nearly 14 miles. It is found that, on the whole, temper ature decreases with height until a point is reached which has been named the isothermal zone, beyond whic*si the variations are slight, with little if any diminution of temperature up to the highest point reached. During the July observations freezing point was met with n.t a height of about two miles, and the Isothermal zone, with a temperature of from 60 degrees to 80 degrees below zero, Fahrenheit, at a height of about 7Ms miles. —St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Bright Future for Per*. Peru, in the opinion of Prof. Guarl ni, might rank among the leading in dustrial states of the world by the utilization of electric power and eleo trie smelting. AFTER THE WRECK CRIPPLED ENGINEER TALKS OF RESPONSIBILITY. Few Realize Fully What Accident Means to the Man in the Cab with Human Lives in His Charge. "I just dropped into tell you that the coroner's jury has exonerated you from all blame for the wreck. They are going to hold the block tower man." The old engineer turned his pain drawn face toward me. A white capped nurse gently brushed back tin■ wild hairs from his forehead. "Thank you, miss," ho said, "and you too, sir, for the good news. I knew t hey couldn't blame it on me. because it was white at Mentor, Poor Denny, he'd tell you so, too, if he was alive. 'All white!' he shouted when we came round the curve, and I gav<- him the answer, 'All white!' and pulled her wide open. Then we struck the empties on the siding, and —well you know the rest." lie wiped a trembling hand across his eyes as if trying to blot out some horrible vision. His eyes began to sparkle, and a bit of color flashed into his pale cheeks. "I suppose you fellows think I opened her up and went into those boxes just for fun." A smile fiiited over his lips, and then he grew seri ous. "Say, did it ever come to your mind that an engineer might be as anxious about his own life as he is about the lives of those who are rid ing behind him? My wife and little one—don't you suppose my life counts for something with them? "Did you ever stop to think what a collision like that at Mentor moans to the engineer? Just try to figure your self in his place. He rides in four square feet of cab room, surrounded by a mass of levers, rods, and the like. Ahead of him is about three miles of boiler pipe, carrying 200 pounds of steam pressure and enough hot water to cook the meat off his bones in a jiffy. Clattering at his back is 6,000 gallons of water and 26,000 pounds of coal. Under him is 200,000 pounds of engine, and behind there is 600,000 pounds of train. Altogether, he is running along ahead of 800,000 pounds of steel, hardwood, and brass, held to an 80-pound rail by three-quarters of an inch of wheel flange. "Of course, I was the engineer, and they depended on me. There is al ways a lot of fine talk about engineers having the lives of several hundred passengers in their hands. That's all very true; but you don't want to over look the fact that the engineer's life is right there along with the others. We all take chances, the train crew as well as the passengers, only our chances are slimmer. I had one chance in five hundred of being killed, or one in twenty-five of getting right where I am now; but a passenger on the train had one chance in about three million of being killed, and one in a hundred and thirty thousand of being hurt. "I see that a lot of people were killed and a whole lot more hurt, i don't want to be a grumbler; but it appears to me that you fellows have kinder overlooked the fact that both of my legs arc gone. Of course, that might not mean much to you; but if you realized, as I do, that for the rest of my life it is going to be my job to hobble out into the middle of some country road and wave a white flag as every train goes by—if you could realize what that means to an en gineer—to hear the mocking toot of the whistle as she comes up to the crossing, and to see the sympathetic salute of the engineer and fireman as they go flying by—l tell you my boy, there are some things worse than physical pain!" His eyes filled with tears. The nurse gently wiped them away, and scftly stroked back the hair. "I wouldn't talk any more now," she said. "All right, miss," lie replied, putting out his hand to me. "I always obey orders."—ll. R. Winslow, in the Sun day Magazine. Remarkable Railway Garden. Between Bedford and Luton, Eng land, on the embankments of the Mid land railway, a piece of effective land scape gardening without parallel may be seen. On each s'de of the railway line at short intervals hawthorn bushes have been planted, and skillful hands have pruned these bushes into a variety of shapes, grotesque and symmetrical; peacocks, roosters, tables, chairs, bow ers, plumes, and other striking models are clearly depicted. As the bushes are just now in full foliage the effect is quite remarkable, in one instance the tail of a rooster was a mass of white bloom, and in another the nodding plumes in a lady's hat were in full flower. As these ornamental trees occur at every few yards' distance for about 20 miles, some idea of their number may be estimated. It seems remarkable that, although thousands of passengers pass through this unique panorama daily, public at tention has never before been directed to it. Railroad Scraps. At a recent convention of railroad storekeepers held in a western city one of the statements made was that the storekeeper of the average big l railroad system carries 55,000 items of material in stock. Railroad "scraps" are of sufficient importance as an economic factor to be divided into 133 classes in order that, they may be sold most profitably. MUCH MONEY IN RAILROADS. Total Value of All American Roada Rose $1,103,000,000 Last Year. Increases of $1,103,000,000 in the assets and 5,362 miles in the mileage oft lie railroads of the United States in 1907 are shown by Poor's Manual. The aggregate capitalization consists of $7,458,000,000 of stock, $8,228,000,- 000 of bonded debt and $1,843,000,000 of other liabilities. Sinking funas amount to $239,000,000, and the bal ance of profit and loss is $789,000,000. The total book valuation of the rail roads averages $81,500 a mile, but stocks and bonds owned amount to $2,881,000,000, most of which are dupli cated in the capitalization. The aver age per mile of capital, bonds and other obligations and liabilities, minus bonds and slocks owned, is a little more than $04,000 a mile. The gross earnings of all the rail roads in 1907 were $2,602,000,000, or $-•.6,000,000 more than in 1906. Opera tion expenses were $ 1,76!),000,000, or 68 per cent, of gross income. Net earnings were $833,000,000; "other receipts," $128,000,000, making fotal net income $961,000,000, or $71,000,000 more than in 1906. Taxes were $74,250,000; interest, $301,500,000; dividends, $247,250,000; rentals and miscellaneous payments, $162,500,000, and surplus, $172,500,000. The net capitalization per mile of the railroads at the end of 1907 was S7OO more than at the end of 1906. The gross earnings of all the rail roads amounted to 14.8 percent, of the net capitalization and debt, and the net income was equal to 4.75 per cent, of the net capitalization and debt. The number of passengers carried was 855,750,000; the average trip of each passenger was 32 miles. The freight carried was 1,722,000,000 tons, and the average haul per ton 135 miles. The average revenue per passenger was 2.01 cents a mile, and the average freight charge per ton for one mile was 0.752 of a cent. The immense volume of the railroad traffic may be better understood from the statement that an equal division among the population would have given every man, woman and child in the country ten railroad journeys last year, and the total freight handled amounted to more than seven times the aggregate weight of the corn, wheat, oats, hay and cotton produced last year together with all the live stock in the country. USE TELEPHONE TO OPERATE. Demonstration of New System Which Has Many Advantages. Railroad telegraph superintendents and operating officials have been in specting a telephone train ing system in miniature, set up in the office of Division Superintendent Rine or the Delaware, Lackawanna & West ern at Hoboken. The practicability of dispatching trains by telephone in stead of telegraph, the railroatf men said, has been so well established that it was predicted eastern roads would be generally equipped with telephone service within a year. The change from telegraph to telephone would have developed more gradually, it was said, had it not been for the en actment of a statute limiting teleg raphers to eight hours' work a day, on the plea that it eliminated the danger of train wrecks due to overworking operators or tower men. Various roads, among them the Ilur lingt on, Illinois Central, New York Central and Canadian Pacific, have been experimenting with telephone dis patching, the Burlington making the greatest progress, having more than 300 miles operated in the new way. The system shown at the Hoboken terminal includes a selecter manipu lated by the train dispatcher. Through this instrument the dispatcher can get in communication with any one or more stations, and can send general or specific orders, as circumstances require. The dispatcher, by means of an interlocking device, can at will con trol the circuit, permitting conversa tion between stations or eliminating it. Old Employes on Penn Pay Roll. The effect of strict civil service as applied to a railroad system is shown by a compilation just completed from the pay rolls of the Pennsylvania Rail road company. It is shown that thi3 company has 1,340 employes who have been with the company more than 40 years, but who have retired from active work, and are now receiv ing pensions. The last census of the United States shows that the govern ment has only 40 men who have been with it more than 50 years. The Pennsylvania has 316 men who have been on its pay rolls more than 50 years. Of these one has been in serv ice 69 years, four 62 years, five 60 years and three 59 years. All but 51 have been in service exceeding 50 years. The oldest employe is 90 years old, and 105 of them are past 69. It is stated that 67 of the 85 principal offi cers of the company started from the bottom of the ladder, and their aver age length of service is 26 years. Material for Railroad Ties. A railroad in Honduras, which has lust, been opened to traffic as far as Ceiba, 35 miles, was built with creo soted pine ties from the United States, it is worthy of note that while creo soted pine ties are being shipped from tin United States to Honduras, hard woods are coming to the United States ii'om that, country. Americans are do- the shipping both ways. A tract of 3,000 acres in Honduras has been .-secured by an American company, which will cut tha mahogany and other hardwoods and ship them to the Cnitad States.—Forest and Stream. INDIVIDUAL HASH. IF COURSE it's not cor rect, but your hus band may object If you're giving him of hash a steady diet. You'll find this recipe, if you road it care- Will help the situation If you'll try It. Mince scraps of meat quite line, a patty pan then line. With pastry very deli- Then, if you've saved pome stock, from beef or mutton hock, Add this before you put the mixture in. Add mashed potatoes "riced," or cut up line and diced. And hake until It turns a tender brown. Garnish and servo quite hot, the folks will say: "There's not Another dish of hash like this in town!" Preserved Peaches. Put the peaches in boiling water for a few minutes so the skin will come off easily. Make a syrup of a half-pound of sugar and half cup of water for each pound of the fruit. Hoil until ten der, but no longer, as they will then become mushy. Fill the jars with the hot fruit. Remove the syrup from fire, and add a gill of brandy to each pound of peaches. Pour over the fruit and seal the cans tight. These will keep well as the brandy helps to preserve tbem. Fried Salt Pork. This is a way to prepare ordinary salt pork so it will taste nearly as good as the finest bacon; Cut in thin slices and let it lie in cold water an hour or two. (This will freshen it and remove some salt.) Roll in flour and let fry till crisp. Drain most of the grease from the pan and stir into the remainder one tablespoon flour, one cup sweet milk, and a little pepper. When it thickens and cooks sufficient ly, pour over the hot pork. Serve with parsley. The Crumb Cloth. The old-fashioned idea of the crumb cloth is an excellent one and it is a pity that we of the present day have abandoned it. The crumb cloth was of some cheap damask or linen like the heavier table linen or toweling. They were perhaps, a square foot larg er than the table, and were placed un der it, and over the rug. After each ineal the ends were lifted and the crumbs shaken to the center where they were out of danger of being trod den into the rug. There they could be gathered up at leisure. A COOK FOR REUBEN. KUBEN, Reuben, I've been O I 111 thinking. Ojgm 111 Who would get the "*"11 [y J meals for thee? (?) 1 \ the men were ail Far beyond the north- HHf lW "^ af ' ll ' > Rachel, I've " been thinking, Ml That, In spite of all thy j M&jw We would get on very iSs!* Eating lots of caviare." "Reuben, who'll prepare the blubber? f.j Who will trim the lamp j] ' w just right? Get thy moccasins all ready For the long, long Arctic night?" "We'd take salmon, and we'd dry it, Eat it when in seal oil swimmin', Rachel, verily I'll try it. We could do without ye women." "Reuben, Reuben, I'd best follow. Men need cooks, where'er they go; And I fear, ye soon would find a Wife among the Eskimo.' Chinese Breakfast Food. There is growing along the coast of China a soft, sweetish seaweed which serves a variety of purposes, but which the people use chiefly in soup. It has, however, several uses: As a barometer it is valuable, varying in moisture as the temperature changes; as a mat for the table; as draperies everything finally wind ing up in soup which is invariably served for breakfast. Cherry Salad. When cherries are in season they are very pretty in salads. Remove the pit, refill the hollow with a piece of nut meat. Serve on lettuce with mayonnaise. Or fill an apple cup with mixed cherries and nuts. The apples wiil preserve their color and freshness if kept in water. A damp napkin around the sand wiches will not only keep them fresh, but improve them, allowing the filling to fir or the whole. Always keep a cler . old napkin or linen cloth handy, a - .1 make the sandwiches some time before your guests arrive to save that last-minute flurry. Simple Pickles. Everybody likes pickled cabbage— it is very good if served with a greasy dinner. Rut the housewife dreads the work, and so the following simple way of preparing it may be welcome. Take solid heads; slice, or chop, very fine. Putin a jar, and cover with boiling water. When cold, drain off the water, and season with grated horse-radish, salt, red and black pepper, cinnamon, and whole cloves. Put the seasoning in strong vinegar, boil a few minutes, and pour over the whole. Seal la Mason jars. | TWO HOUSEWIVES. fp= pjfIKHE'S such an awful lot to do," yT\ I 1/ Ihe ard a modern house- I wife pout, "Although It's scarcely noon, yet I'm Completely tired out." She lay down In a ham- The porch door gently A bent old woman liob- Iler hat was high and She wore a linsey-wool- Said she)"' "I Just dropped in A minute; I must goto work; I have to weave and spin. John's buckskin breeches aren't qulta done, Rut my old man won't worry; My candles still are in the molds (That's one job I can't hurry). Good-by; there's sausages to grind. And I must help John yoke The oxen for that plowing—" With A start the lady 'woke. Vegetables as Medicine. For the nerves, eat celery, onions and lettuce. Sufferers from constipa tion should take plenty of spinach, and should eat potatoes with their skins unpeeled. Tomatoes and cranberries are good for the liver. Asparagus acts directly on the kidneys. Beets and bananas are fattening and good for consumptives. Carrots are excellent in cases of gout, but those so afflicted should avoid tomatoes. Prunes. This dish should be regarded as a medicine, and eaten whether we like it or not. Prunes are excellent in cases of indigestion, torpid liver, etc. To in duce the family to eat them often fix them in a variety of ways—chopped fine and smothered in whipped cream; in the bread pudding instead of rais ins; raw, with nut kernels inside and sprinkled with sugar. All these ways are good and wholesome. A DREAM CAKE. ' IN DREAMS I see my mother dear, On bako-days, in the kitchen; -JRT/ Iter chin and cheeks all daubed with flour, I thought her just be "Son, get a fresh egg kq£ _JT=r An ounce of butter I'll ..iSftkj One cup of sugar—half of ■flS jSag (This Is a simple cake). "Two teaspoons baking wl powder, and j Some flour to make It Hear me! the stove's not hot enough; Run to the woodshed—quick!" When I'd come back, all loaded down. She'd say: "Now, little man, You've helped me make the cake, and so I'll let you scrape the pan!" Ah me; like breathing apple blooms, Or hearing April rain While dozing in the barn—such dreams Make me a boy again! HOMELY GOSSIP. Mayonnaise is apt to curdle in sum mer. A sure way to bring it back is to take a lump of ice (it must be large in order to chill the mixture at once) and rub it quickly through the dress ing. Then take the ice out and stir very briskly. To hurry the boiling of the contents of the inner vessel in a double boiler add salt to the outside water. Half a cup to a quart. Peeling onions is a difficult task un less they are done entirely under wa ter. This prevents the injury to the eyes. When sprinkling clothes use tepid water. It is better for the starch. To fry fritters, stir the boiling lard round and rotind so that they will be a pretty, round shape. Salad Cups. People seem to have gone daft over salads lately, and it is not only neces sary to make a good salad, it must be prettily served, too. For vegetable or meat salads, make cups of the vegetables—raw tomatoes hollowed out, or potatoes and turnips if carefully boiled. For potato salad raw onion cups are very nice. Oranges, apples, melons, etc., all make pretty receptacles for fruit salads, and bananas peeled and cut in two look pretty. Or, slice them lengthwise, and pile together, making a fence in which the salad rests with dressing on top. It is not wasteful to use any of those for cups, since the pulp of all may be served and used in the body of the dish. Watercress or nasturtium leaves make a pleasant variety from the inevitable lettuce leaf. Coffee Souffie. Into a cup of hot milk stir one table spoon gelatine (powdered). Add to this lVs cups infusion of coffee. Heat thoroughly, then add one cup sugar, a pinch of salt and the yolks of two eggs. Stir until it thickens, then add the whites of the eggs, beaten to a froth. Mold and serve with cream and sugar. This is a delicate, nutritious dessert, or with small cakes is a nice light refreshment for an informal party.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers