IS GROWING SMALLER. Rapid Transportation Reducing the Size of the World. That the effect of transit facilities has been to make the world practically smaller in the past century Is a state ment frequently heard. How great this shrinkage has been is strikingly shown in the case of a single Euro pean country, France, by a chart that appears in the latest volume of graph ical statistics published by the French department of public works. We quote from a review of A. Latour, contributed to La Nature. He says, referring to the accompanying chart: "We see that France has shrunk progressively from year to year like Palzac's wild ass' skin; the distance of a given city from Paris being repre sented, not according to its length in kilometers, but to the duration of the journeys in hours, which is the more important. On this map the geographic contours of France, properly so-called, are for the year 1814. The lines con necting Paris to each city on the map are regarded as denoting by their length tho time requ)-,-d at that time to reach tho capital by post-chaise from these various points. Proceed ing in the same way from 1834 (post chaise) and for 1854, 1867, 1887 and 1900 (railway), and uniting by a line the points corresponding to the same epoch, we have a series of contours """ Making A Turbot from Ovum of Fish. IFWTIMTB O*VM POUTD/TV. SKC«B I<l. W»F. BUI« D»R. F C«> C •/,. -■ ~ " I.CM-M o** YOV*O LAUVA Sncwsa •. VU*llm Hn-.m LU« ! »•»* WISN FFA VNCUV* •I'. .'l''' ■ ''- * "**' IUI IMI CMTI NPNMB TITUNIOMNUFC J TT»M L>*V ■ UM WIM *UTOAI EMUNT AUOIUK ' . "'"'rf fwrmff inmn. T*«-.H 7MIIO N., A»T»* TN» CAITIR«T PMM*. PMT*O«E*)I PWUI TVHOL I ODHLLLTA AOMFC SDT • The operation has just been suc cessfully observed by M. Anthony of the marine laboratory at St. Vaast-la- Hougue, England. The ova, which float in a globule, were kept in a tank of running sea water. On the seventh day the egg broke, and the young larva appeared clothed in the nourish ing envelope, or vitellus. That van ished the tenth day; but M. Anthony EFFECT OF EARTH'S ROTATION. Causes the Twisty in Trees, in Air, and in Water. That the rotation of the earth should have the effect of twisting the trunks of trees seems a difficult \'k thing to believe, '/pjk yet a hypothesis 7Via this kind has l.'ifi l been seriously put 1 'f/M forward. The rota -o\3 *' on storrns has B' wL already been con \Jf% nected with that [yj/N of the earth by VMt meteoro logi st s, IJ/jm and various French physicists have Wtw maintained that r&. rosfl t ' le same law vw Koh holds for whirls Warn a " sorts in V'" saf bodies of water, large or small. As long ago as 1904 the question re li|i garding twisted lawjra trees was raised Ww by Van den Wf Broeck, the Bel ™ gian geologist, in a letter to Jean Brunhes, who quotes him in an article contributed to La Nature. Said Mr. Van den Broeck, after de scribing his observations on twisted trees: "If the twist of a tree trunk may be explained by physical and natural causes dependent on the conditions of growth of the tree, we might imagine that the direction of the torsion would correspond to that of the sun's appar ent path. But then the observed twist •would be in the direction of the mo tion of the hands of a watch. Now the case is precisely the opposite. Of 1,000 trees, at least 990 twist in the other di rection, that is, contrary to the hands of a watch, and consequently in the same direction as most water whirls. "Botanists to whom I have referred ♦he question—almost always a new one for them—have confirmed the facts shortly afterward, but none of them has been able to give an explana tion." that have little relation to geographic truth, because of the Inequality of the Improvement in rapidity of travel in the various directions. For instance, the time from Paris to Marseilles was 112 hours in 1814, 80 in 1834, :iS.S in 1856, 16.2 in 1867, 13.6 in 1887, and 11.4 in 1900. "The way in which the curve, which ought to shrink symmetrically, length ens out along certain lines, like a splash of mud on a marble floor, shows HOW FRANCE HAS "SHRUNK" SINCE 1814. with a somewhat cruel exactness the slowness of certain railway lines, like the Western. As a whole, France ap pears to have shrunk little by little to the limits of the Department of Seine-et-Oise. A chart of the same kind representing decrease in the cost of travel, gives somewhat the same re sult, but the shrinking ia very much leas, the diminution being on the av erage only half between 1814 and 1900 for travelers by first-class; that is 29 francs instead of 60 to Brest and 43 instead of 82 for Marseilles." (lid not wait so lons to begin the arti ficial nourishment of the infant fish. The artificial rearing of tvirbot on the analogy offered is considered, and if it should succeed, it could not fail to be profitable, for every adult female bears many millions of ova. It is interest ing to note that during the experiment an accidental stoppage of the flow of water killed the greater number of the ova. Going on, Mr. Van den Broeck sug gested that there may be some corre lation between the direction of twist and that of cyclonic storms and vor tices in water, both of which general ly turn to the left (counter-clockwise) in the northern, and to the right (clock-wise) in the southern hemi sphere. This difference depends on the direction of the earth's rotation. Tree Trunk with Counter-Clockwiso Twist. which is different in the two hemi spheres as one goes from the equator toward the poles. If the same cause affects the twist of a tree, the trees in the southern hemisphere must of course generally turn in the opposite, or "clockwise," direction; but on this point, apparently, we have no infor mation. A Giant Apple Tree. At Cheshire, CoKfi., stands an apple tree which is known to be 190 years old, and is believed to be much older than that. The trunk is 17Ms feet in circumference near the ground, and the height of the tree is about 70 feet. There are eight large branches. Five of these bear fruit one year, and the other three the next year. One year this remarkable tree yielded 130 bush els of apples. The tree is regular in form, and the circle shaded by its branches is 130 feet in diameter. Improves on Rifle. Herr Mauser has invented what he considers an improvement on his well known rifle by which it reloads Itsell automatically from a cartridge /■ham, bee* CAMERON COUNTY PRESS, THURSDAY, JANUARY 2, 1908. FARM WATERWORKS. How a Good System Can Be Put In by the Farmer Himself. Get a good force pump, B, and put it over a large well, setting it near the edge. From the pump run an iron pipe, C, down to the ground, then three feet away from the well. Then run pipe up 30 feet to tank D. which should be about three feet high and eight feet in diameter. From bottom of tank run another pipe, E, down be low frost line; then turn at a right angle, X, and let it run to O, a « D ST e J . i l '" 1 <1 « Pump and Gravity System. point almost under the v/nlorln| trough. At O bend it up until it it about a foot above top of trqjjgh, G, and place faucet at F. At X or O other pipes may be attached to run to the house, says Missouri Valley Farmer. Pump the tank full. The water will run into the pipes, and any time the faucet is turned at trough or house the water will flow Instantly. FARM SCALES.' The Satisfaction Which One Farmer Gets Out of Their Possession. A pair of wagon scales on the farm are like the necessities of life in the home and family. I would not know how to do without them, de clares a writer in Farm and Home. I never owned a farm without scales and it seems to me the farmer that can could goto sleep if his barn was on fire. There is no end to the rea sons for scales on the farm. The sat isfaction they afford is alone worth ten times their cost. At this time I am delivering 20,000 bushels of onions to a large storage buyer. I weigh the loads as they go out and the wagons as they return. I compare my weights with the buy ers'. Although they may weigh me short 50 to 100 pounds some loads, it is a great satisfaction to know what is going on and that it is not a great deal worse. The farmer is a back number that.will deliver grain to an elevator and cattle and hops to a shipper, not knowing his weights. I might enter into a long, practi cal use for scales on the farm, for scientific uses in the feed lot, etc., but I do not believe that the farmer who has made money enough to buy a pair of scales needs details. He only needs to wake up, install a pair of scales on his farm, read good farm Journals and do business on business principles. WHEAT AND CHAFF. How about storm windows? The man who simply marks time never gets anywhere. It takes manhood as well as brains and muscle to run a farm. About now the farmer's wife en joys good dry stove wood. How about the wood lot? Are you doing anything to preserve it? What are your^plans for a more at tractive farm home next year? There are still places in this coun try where straw stacks are burned. The man who really likes his work finds profitable amusement in it. It's the country worker who gets the benefit of the beautiful fall weather. The manure spreader feeds the land more satisfactorily and economically. Self confidence, not conceit, is the most desirable element in the farmer. Plants Change. Plants change their characters ac cording to the conditions in which they are, and this is more true of the artificial plants than any other. Take the wheats by way of illustration. They have been so artificially bred for a long time that they are very susceptible to conditions. A wheat at the Tennessee experiment station that had been bred to have a large amount of protein and a small amount of starch suddenly developed a great deal of starch in a wet year when the leaves grew large. This change, ac cording to season, is the hardest thing to combat In any artificial plant, and any plant that has been modified by man is artificial. The more changes we make with plants the easier are changes made. The last 25 years has seen more new brands of cabbages brought on the market than ever be fore and some of them are very dif ferent from the old varieties. Cleaning the Stalls. The quickest and easiest way to clean stalls Is to use a steel stable hoe to scrape and push out the ma nure after the bedding has been gath ered up with a fork. Stalls thus cleaned are drier, cleaner, and health ier for all animals. The manure i» richer too, because most of the ni trogen in the wet manure is saved. KEEP UP THE WHEAT LAND. Fertility of the Soil Must Be Kept Up at Any Cost. The fertility of the wheat land must be kept up at any cost, but we are certain that in some parts of the west the fertility is surely declining. Only a small per cent, of our farmers have as yet reversed the process, it is easy enough to keep up the fertility of the wheat fields if the owner of the wheat farm is willing to take the informa tion that has been collected from the experiences of other men. Wheat land cannot be kept up in fertility if the process of wheat raising every year is followed. Two things must be done —a rota tion must be established and some fertilizer such as potash and phosphate must be applied in some quantities each year. Rotating so as to bring in a leguminous crop every few years will help keep up the supply of nitro gen and will improve the physical tex ture of the soil. Potash and phos phorus can be applied in small quanti ties each year at a small cost per acre and this must be done if the quality of the land is to be maintained. Rota tion is a good thing, but it can never bring in potash or phosphorus that have been taken from the land or which the land lacks. With proper handling our wheat lands can be made to produce the great crops they did 40 years ago. In fact, !t is possible to make them prof'uco mor< than thc-y did in theii old condition, for in addition to put ting back the fertilizer we can im prove them by draining, many of the wheat fields being in need of this Rut this cannot all be done in a day. A little should be done each year in the way of putting in the fertilizers the crops must have. The benefits oi rotation cannot be gained in a few years, but the periodical turning under of sod or the roots of leguminous plants will be a constant method of Improving soil conditions. In the middle west are millions of acres of land that are kept in wheat year after year, but which are now producing ten bushels less per acre than they used to produce, says the Farmers' Review. The returns will be still less in years to come, if steps are taken to prevent further exhaus tion. R is not only the loss of the fertility that has to be considered, but the badness of the physicial con dition resulting from the loss of fer tility. In fertile ground the roots strike deep anil spread out in all di rections. These roots rot and leave the soil in a good condition physically. Rut in poor soil the root systems are weak and the soil gradually packs down so hard that the frosts even do not go down far. There is no way in which the farmer can make money easier than b? 'mproving the fertility of the land he has in wheat. ROAD DRAG AND HARROW. A Combined Tool Which Will Do Veiy Effective Work. This road drag is superior to any drag that I have ever seen, declares a Kansas correspondent of Farm and Home. The front piece consists of a 4x4 oak strip, b, ten feet long, through This Makes a Good Road. which are driven ordinary harrow teeth about three inches apart. This is attached to the rear piece, a, which is a 2x6 oak timber ten feet long faced with three inches of one-fourth-inch metal on the bottom, e, which projects one inch. These pieces are kept apart by wooden blocks, d, upon the bolts, 112, and by the top strips, c, each 2x6. This makes a fine level road as it har rows it and scrapes it at the same time. Soy Bean Experiments. Recent experiments by the Indiana experiment station indicate that the Ogema soy bean requires about 95 days to mature seed. Ito San and Early Brown about 115 days, No. 12,- 399 about 130 days and Medium Early Yellow approximately 150 days. In yield of seed per acre Early Brown ranked first with 29.4 bushels and Ogema last, with 14.5 bnshels for northern Indiana. For central Indiana Early Brown was first, with 19.8 bush els and Ogema last. Treating Seed Potatoes for Scab. Again we give the proper method of treating seed potatoes for scab: Soak them for two hours in a solu tion containing one-half pint of for malin to 15 gallons of water. When planting, avoid ground which has re cently produced a scabby crop of tubers. Liming Land. Liming land improves both the heavy and light land. The heavy land is made more friable, and the leachy soil is made more cohesive and works better. Get It Ready. A well mixed pile of prepared soil is what everyone who attempts grow ing flowers should have in readiness for the transplanting season. Dairying Pays. There Is no farm BO valuable and productive that it cannot be made more valuable and more productive by turning it into a dairy farm. Turned Down. Gobsa Oolde spoke anxiously. "I understand," he said, "that my name was brought up last evening at the Knickerbocker Club." "Yes, that is true," said L'Oignon. "And would you mind telling me— er—what action was taken in the mat ter?" "Not at all. The secretary was in structed to purchase six quarts of blackballs for the use cf the mem bers." Gentle Brutality. A New York woman testified that her husband "gently threw her down stairs," which shows that the charge that modern men are lacking in con sideration does not hold good in the metropolis. Who Likes Lemcn Pie? You should try at once "OUR-PIET* Preparation for <lell<ious Lemon plea. A lady says:"l will never again try to niako Lemon pio In the old way while I can Ret 'OUR-PIK' Preparation." Try it and you will say the same. At grocers, 10 cents. A Mistake, "It is nothing to your credit to be buying everything on time." "You are wrong; it is everything to my credit." —Houston Post. FITS, St. Vitus Dance and all Nervous Diseases permanently cured by Dr. Kline's Great Nerve Restorer. Send for Free §2.00 trial bottle and treatise. Dr. R. H. Kline, Ld., 931 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. When a woman wants to make a man feel like a dollar minus 70 cents she asks him to describes the co3tum© some other woman had cn. For Over Half a Century Brown's Bronchial Troches have been unexcelled as a cure for hoarseness, cougha and sore throat. A good intention will no more make a truth than a fair mark will make a good shot.—Spurstowe. FII.ES CURED IN O TO 14 DATS. PAZO OINTMENT Is iroarantepd to cure any case of Itching. Mind, lileediritf or Protruding Plica in oto 14 days or money refunded. 60c. A bluff is all right as long as you can keep the lid on. ———— jfejtjj ALCOHOL 3 PER CEN'rH I vx> AVegetable Preparation for As-! K similatingiiieFoocfandßcguia 1 Iln £ lite Stomachs antlßowelsof | pjl |IS|S Promotes Dirfcslion,Cheerful Pg 0 = ness and Rest.Contains neither Opium.Morphine nor Mineral. IV- NOT NARCOTIC. Bjlfj,!,, j Hll&'Jjij! Ifovpkin Seed- \ jtbcSemaj- \ Mnn 'if, ffirm Seed- 1 ■EiwW ClanOcil S./gpr • 1 SLVS?« Q WiStrjriSflara-. I KSfc** a Anerfecl Remedy for Consdfia ! fei- G < (ion, Sour Storaach.Diarrlioea l-ao rr Worms .Convulskms.Fevcrish Bifto - ® Ress andLosS OF SLEEP.; Fac Simile Signature of j|^| Exact Copy of Wrapper. NO MORE MUSTARD PLASTERS TO BLISTER AND MODERN EXTERNAL 1 111 tapsicum-Vaselinc If™"" ; [@ EXTRACT OF THE CAYENNE | I | PEPPER PLANT TAKEN 'I \§== DIRECTLY IN VASELINE =====. —ad 11....—-•> DON'T WAIT TILL THEPAINV COMES—KEEP A TUBE HANDY A QUICK, SURE, SAFE AND ALWAYS READY CURE FOR PAIN.—PRICE 15c. —!N COLLAPSIBLE TUBES MADE OF PURE TIN—AT ALL DRUGGISTS AND DEALERS, OR BY MAIL ON RECEIPT OF 1 5c. IN POSTAGE STAMPS. A substitute for and superior to mustard or any other plaster, and will not blister the most delicate skin. The pain-allaying and curative qualities of the article are wonderful. It will stop the toothache at once, and relieve Head ache and Sciatica. We recommend it as the best and safest external counter irritant known, also as an external remedy for pains in the chest and stomach and all Rheumatic, Neuralgic and Gouty complaints. A trial will prove what we claim for it, and it will be found to be invaluable in the household and for children. Once used no family will be without it. Many people say "It is the best of all your preparations." Accept no preparation of vaseline unless the same carries our label, as otherwise it is not genuine. Send your address and we will mall our Vaseline Booklet describing i our preparations which will Interest you. 17 State St. CHESE3ROUGH MFG. CO. New York City MEMBER OFTHE 8 /] $ MEN, BOYB, WOMEN, MISSES AND CHILDREN. 8 i N W. L. Douafaa ma ham and aella mors R 8 man'a S2.fiO, SS.OO and S3.SO ahoca /Jl than any othor manufacturer tn thm «v 4* Ilka world, bacauat thay hold their n—i aha pa, tit battar, wsar longer, and wj Color jCP» »r« of praatar value than may Other -bo— In tha world to-day. W.L.Doualaa 94 and 99 Gilt Edge MOM cannot bm otjuaflad at any prltrm. ty CAI'TIQN. —W. L. Douelaa niune and price is (ttampod on bottom. Take No Hnt*. stltute. Sold by the bent rhoe dealers Rhoes mailed from factory to any part .Of lb* world. Illustrated catalog free. VT. L. DOUGLAS, Brockton, Mas** Often the Casu. "A man should think twice before he Bpeaks." "And a woman three times befor# Bhe sings."—Harper'3 Weekly. ONI.Y ONE "ISROMO QUININE" That is LAXATIVK BUOMO QUININE. look tarn the signature of K. W. OUOVB. Used the Wo/12 orer to Cure a Cold In Quo buy. Uhc. After coaxing a girl to oing a man to apt to wish he hadn't. 1 IMMEDIATELY CUBES Headaches an<i Trial bolile 10c At drntitan* Cleanses beautifies the hair. BSMRf wHN"7pr Falls to Restore Or«y Hhfir4/» Hair to its Youthful Color. J. R. FLETCHER. Consulting Psychic, G W«t 107 th Street, New ftrt Intelligent cllentn appreciate his dependable cottneek ConwultatlouH l»y mail. I'crwouul or business matter* one dollar. Send for circulars. (ft A TCII"»««on 1 • tetania, Patent Attor* I l"lw I Washington, D.O.Advic* ■ ™ l™ ■ Wfroe. Term slow. Illuhost re£ (Thompson's Eye Water A. N. K.—C (,1907—52) 2210. For Infants and Children. i The Kind You Have I Always Bought Bears the Ai Signature /A.U 01 W jy Use W For Over Thirty Years! CASTOBIA THB CCNTAUN COMPANY, NCW YORK CITY. 7
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers