AS TO SWEET POTATOES. Mtlhoil of Cultivating •'!> W hlrh They ion lie llitiaril an Cbrniil)- aa lri>.li Tuber*. I made a ridge from 6 to 18 inches liigh, waited then till it rained, after which 1 waded to my ankles in mud and punched holes with a sharp stick along the top of the ridge, about six inches apart, then stuck the plants down and pressed the mud about them. 1 did it because I saw others do it; thousands are doing it yet. Don't make a ridge unless you want strings instead of short, thick potatoes. It is time and labor worse than thrown away. When the ground is well pulverized F~ i <b! 1 WHOKGLV SET PLANT. «nd level, I take the double plows :smd mark off the ground into rows, leaving ridges two or three inches high, in -which I plant. This keeps the dirt from covering the plants in cultiva tion, and a higher ridge than tliis is unnecessary. Don't plant in the mud. Don't water when planting. It does more harm than good and is a waste of time and labor. Before planting wet the roots thoroughly and sprinkle rich dirt, on them till it. adheres to every little rootlet. Plant them then before they dry, and every plant will live. Don't plant too soon. Wait till you see the blackberry bloom. Never plant closer than 18 inches if you want tine potatoes. Don't punch holes. Look at Figs. 1 and 2 and see the right and wrung way. Don't leave half the plant !i —i • \ y x '\ . i 1 ■ '«i v . \ • V&v 2 PLANT PROPERLY SET. above ground to wither and die; one bud out is enough. Don't putin little, short plants, but have them eight to ten inches long, with plenty of roots. Don't set them perpendicular, but as in Fig. 2. Don't leave the dirt loose over them, but slap your foot down over the roots and firm them. Don't dig holes, but take the plant in your left hand, thrust the right into the loose soil, and lift the dirt you see above the plant of Fig. 2. Just as you raise it, thrust the plant under the back of your hand. Then let the dirt- fall into the plant and set your foot on it as you step to the next plant. An expert will take a bunch of 50 plants in his right hand and a foot adz in his right, and. lifting the dirt with the adz. will plant as fast as he walks. My boys can plant by hand ISO feet of row in five minutes. Don't plant the roots toward the south, else the sun will hit the young plants hard. Aside from raising the slips, I can raise a bushel of sweet potatoes as cheaply as I can Irish potatoes.— W. L. Anderson, in Farm and Home. Tliree Hindu of Ilaetprla. Bacteria arc merely minute form# of vegetable life. They do not, how ever. require contact with the earth to grow. Some of them can grow in nothing but air, and others in liq nid. Some feed upon the components of the milk and change it into other forms of solids and liquids. Some live in acids. So when the milk is rendered sour by one set of bacteria another set at onee begins work to change even that sourness into some thing else. These changes are indi cated by the gases that come from the milk and that give us the sense of smell. There are three general classes of bacteria that work in milk; the harmless, the beneficial and the harmful.-—Farmers' Review. Plnnt More (ioo*rberrl*»«. The gooseberry delights in a deep, exceedingly rich soil, in partial shade, as recommended for currants, and in thorough mulching. Who, that is ac quainted with its different uses and knows the delights of a gooseberry pie, would ever again willingly be without this most healthful of fruits? Currants and gooseberries have ne\er received the attention they deserve. The mar kets are hardly ever fully supplied. Each year Ihe demand is greater, and no one will make a mistake by plant ing quite liberally of these most healthful, invigorating fruits.—Mid land farmer. It has taken many years and many generations of cows to produce the special dairy cow. One cross on an other breed may undo all the work und care of years. Don't work back ward. COUNTRY IMPROVEMENT. Call Iv At ion oi ikr Il<*nn t Ifui Xow Gun Hand In llnnd Willi Culli lution of lh«* lawful. There are places in the conn try that will not admit of the word improvement, but as we travel about among the farms we are compelled to acknowledge that town improve ment societies are very much needed. At Idaho Falls, in Idaho, one of the largest clubs in the slate is the Vil lage Improvement society, entirely composed of women. The object of these clubs should be to make the streets clean and beautiful, to en courage private owners to keep their lots and farms beautiful, and their homes teachers of refinement. The women of Clinton, N. V., have placed boxes in the streets to receive waste papers and similar rubbish. The Kural Art society, of the same town, is planting linden trees, laying out small parks and looking out for sim ilar enterprises, which, while not of little value, are not of much cost. In one of the Ohio towns 1 notice that two rival clubs are in (he field. This is perhaps a good idea, for competi tion in doing good works as well as in business affairs. The present out look is for a rallying of all enter j prises for the public welfare around j the schoolhotise as a center. If this ! can be brought about town organiza tion will mean something very dif ferent from the present disorganiza tion, which gets tin- state charter. It will place intelligence at the fn-nt and tend to disable the saloon and similar influences. Meanwhile civic improvement goes forward on parallel lines with coun try improvement. It seems to be ac cepted as an assured fact that cities arc to spread out hereafter over a very much larger territory. The ex ecutive board of the American league ! for Civic Improvement met recently ;at Springfield, O. The league is to I hold a week's convention at Chan j tauqua for discussing all sorts of mu nicipal reforms. U is believed that ! political refitrm and physical reform ; must goon together. The Spokane | Floral association, which is a coin- I mittee of the State Federation on I Forestry and Outdoor Art, issues a | year book showing how best to ad j vance the study ami the work of civic j improvement, especially in the way of planting flowers and trees. There I really is no way any longer of kcep ! ing civic art and rural art separated. IWe believe the day is not far off ! when every farmer will consider the cultivation of the beautiful just as much a part of his business as the useful. Then our farms will be con nected together with long lines of highways—most ]_v trolley ways- all of which constitute extended public parks.—lo. I'. l'owell, in N. V. Trib une. BROAD-TIRED WHEELS. i They Are l-'nr HeKer for Ordinary l-'nrm Work 'l'lut N TIIONV >OVV in Urnrrat t He, This picture of twowheels,onea wide tire and the other a narrow, shows why the former is easier to draw and it better for ordinary farm work than the latter. The narrow t ire sinks into the soft soil and t he team is all the time drawing the load uphill,while the wide WIDE AND NARROW TIRES. tire rolls over the surface on a level. Besides the difference indraft the rut cut by the narrow tire works injury to the crop by mashing it below the sur face. and checking if not preventing all further growth, and by making drains into dead furrows or down hills to carry off soluble fertility, or, per haps, start gullies. Every farmer needs one wagon with low, broad-tired wheels.- —Farm Journal. Cliemt Material for Itonilx, It has been discovered that burnt gumbo is a most serviceable material for use on country roads. It is not quite as durable as is crushed stone, but is far superior to dirt. Its cost is slight, as it can be produced without the use of skilled labor. The burning of the gumbo removes the quality that when the clay is wet causes stick iness. This burnt clay is used for cap ping the road. The road-bed must be well drained and well built-before the top of burnt clay is put on. It is claimed that if people will adopt the burnt-clay idea, roads as good as those in France can be constructed in this country with no additional expendi ture over that now being required by the roads. How to fat I'p Alfalfa, This is the way a South Dakdta farmer puts tip alfalfa: For stack bot tom use any old material eight or ten inches deep, seven or eight feet wide and as long as you need. Have some good dry hay or straw readjj. Cut the alfalfa when about half in bloom in dryest part of day and let it thoroughly wilt or cure until you can press it into a wad between your hands. Haul to stack and put a layer of eight or ten inches of alfalfa; then dry liay or straw, then alfalfa a foot; hay or straw eight or ten inches, and so on until as high as wanted. Dry mate rial must be eight inches in middle to nothing at the edge of stack. This is the n-ientific and only way to cure I alfalfa, and it makes the best all I around food in the world for all farm | •uimak. CAMERON COUNTY PRESS, THURSDAY, JULY 24, 1902. THE POWER OF SPEECH. Prof. Cun 11 In icl>nm Drarrlbc* It n* the Itrmilt off ■ Slow Process of u .\alural Uroivth. Speech is the result of a slow process of natural growth, and there is no human race that does not possess it. If in the present state of the world some philosopher were to wonder how man ever began to build those houses, palaces and vessels which we see around us we should answer that those were not the things that man began with. The savage who first tied the branches of shrubs to make himself a shelter was not an architect and he who iirst floated on the trunk of a tree was not a navigator. So it ! is with speech, which grew from rude ! beginnings. All the more intelligent animals can express simple conditions i of mind both by sound and gesture. | The dog can emit four or live sounds ; each fully understood by his com pa n- I ions. The common barnyard fowl has ; from nine to twelve distinct vocal sounds, all of which are comprehended by its chickens and by other fowls. There can be no doubt that the speech, of man arose, in the beginning, from similar sources. Gesture speech was j frequent. Many sounds wire imita- I tive. Purely conventional and non | imitative sounds were adopted for j convenience, just as deaf mutes now ! invent arbitrary sounds to stand for the names of friends, etc. It is not precisely true, then, to say that "lan j gtMge begins where interjection ends." j However it originated, it is thecondi j tion of progress. As Romanes said: j "A manlike creature became human I by the power of speech." When did 1 speech originate? Romanes thinks j that our human ancestor may have been in the age of flint when he added to gesture, vocal tones and facial grimaces the power of speech. The foregoing sentences are a very free eoTidensfltion of an address by Prof. | Cunningham. AN IDEA FROM FRANCE. Mftlmd of KXT rm*t in K Oil from Olive l*nl|t Likely to Prove I ocfal in X uited Stntea. j A method of extracting oil from 1 olive pulp which has long been in ! vogue in Southern France is probably | available for vegetable oilcake also, ! and is likely to prove useful in Amer ica. Consul General Skinner, writ ing from Marseilles, describes it, in a letter to the.state department. The essential feature of the system is that some chemical solvent, like I naphtha, is employed to withdraw j the oil from the pulp, and is then sep aratcd from the oil by distillation, j Naphtha, gasolene or "petroleum es -1 sence." as the French call it, was long the favorite agent, and some of the big oil manufacturers at Havre op erate their own petroleum refineries in connection with their olive oil ■ works. But sulphide of carbon is now coining into favor, because it is non-explosive and cheaper. In Mar- K n' ~ FRENCH OIL EXTRACTOR. seilles large quantities of sulphide are produced for this purpose. How ever, the oil obtained with the aid of naphtha, while sold for soap making and not for the table, lias a better odor than that which is extracted by the sulphide. The remaining meal is promptly dried to prevent fermen tation, and sold for fertilizing pur poses. The general arrangement of the ap par- . .is is shown by the accompany '.g diagram. The raw material is placed in the receptacle A, and an equal quantity of sulphide drawn through the pipe L from the reser voir K. The stuff rests on a false bot tom. I', under which are coils of pipe. Steam from E is introduced thereto, and the mixture comes to a boil. Much free sulphide evaporates, pass es up through K, and, condensing, falls into the reservoir for use again. After a time the oil and remaining sulphide in A drain oft through the pipe I! into a tank C. Here the tem perature is kept high enough gradu ally to vaporize most of the solvent, which goes up through II into the reservoir above. A little live steam is now let into C to drive off the re maining sulphide (or naphtha), thus leaving the oil odorless. If there be any sulphide left in the pulp, some steam is turned on in A to save it by sending it up in the form of va por to It. The pulp is discharged through an opening at D. WIIM»* •»« J'nlp Makcra , The nest of the tree wasp or hor net is made of a true paper, wood being ground to pulp by the jaws of the wasp and treated with, an ad hesive matter secreted ia the «*•»- lure's mouth , .. -. THE WATER-SCOPE. A Man Stunilint; In Huffiihrad wltll Glawi llottom Can Scan Depths of Itlver or Lake, The men who drive logs along the swift rivers and across the shallow lakes of northern Maine lead lives that are full of peril. At the sharp turns of the rushing streams, where logs are prone to run aground and form dan gerous and expensive jams, men stand in the cold water waist-deep for hours at a time to fend off the onuominj tim bers, and if one chances to meet «Ith. a log under strong headway, he is fre quently swept from liis feet aud goes down stream among the great sticks of spruce and pine. On the lakes, where the rafts have to be propelled by headwork and oars, the danger is none the less imminent. A misstep on a rolling log or a bad LOG-DRIVER'S WATERSCOPE. calculation in leaping from one timber to another means a cold bath in the lake, and if no companion is at hand to give him a lift, his death is but. a ques tion of a few minutes. In view of the fact that fatalities attend the drive from the time it is set afloat far up river, in May, until it reaches Pen cove boom, 200 miles away, in August or September, the woodsmen have devised a novel piece of mechanism for finding bodies that lie below the water. The invention consists of a molasses hogshead with one head removed and a pane of window glass cemented above a hole cut in the remaining head. The hogshead is set on end, with the end containing the glass in the water. Two green and heavy logs are then lashed to the sides of the hogshead, causing it to float as deeply as possi ble in the water. The logs arc held together by spiked cleats fore and aft, so a man can stand on the improvised raft and scull it back and forth. As soon as the mechanism is completed a small man gets into the hogshead, which is closely covered at the top, to exclude the light. When the man has been inside a few minutes his eyes become accustomed to the darkness, so that by looking through the pane in the bottom, the only point where light is admitted, he is enabled to see to a depth of "0 and 30 feet and distinguish objects lying upon the bottom of the waterway. As the hogshead is capable of holding but little air, the man cannot remain inside for long. As soon as he comes out he takes the scull oar while his companion goes inside to scan the depths. In this manner many bodies have been recovered and watches lost overboard and cant dogs, which have slipped from the hands of careless drivers, have been restored to the light of day. The instrument which the lumber men use has been called a water-scope, a term which is neither English or Greek, though compounded from both languages. The name of its inventor is unknown, and there is no patent to protect the idea. Woodsmen say it came into use about 25 years ago. Previous to that time the man who wished to spy upon the floor of lakes and streams used a wooden tube mad,e of four narrow boards, the lower end being provided with a light of glass. As boards are hard to find in the wilds of Maine, while empty molasses hogsheads arc to be had at every lum ber camp, the hogshead water-scope was no doubt adopted because it was the only thing available. Since the first one was so constructed no other kind will be used. Qunrrj'lne Stone with Water. A remarkable quarrying feat was recently accomplished nt Rubislaw quarries, Aberdeen, Scotland. A large stone had been drilled, ready for splitting, when the thought struck the foreman that the severe frost which prevailed might be uti- , lized. Water was poured into each of the drill holes, and it was found j after a couple of days that the block ' of granite had completely burst open. | An idea of the immense power of the frost will be gathered when it in I stated that the stone thus detached ! measures 12 feet by five feet, and 1 has a weight of about six tons. A Vnlnnltle Doxt Storm. The great storm of red dust that i swept up from Africa over Europe I tfist year performed a service for j which men of science should b« I grateful, by coloring the glaciers of | the Alps on a grand scale, and thus j producing a stratum in the vast ice streams the red hue of which will { render it recognizable for many j years. The importance of this con- j sists in the fact that by noting the | position of the dust-stained layer the movements of the glaciers can be I studied more accurately than would ] be possible without the aid of so a*- j tensive und distinct a marking. _ I MEDICAL EXAMINER Of the Unitcnl Slatow Trcjisnry Mec oimiLciids l^o-ru-iui. The Women Also Recom mend Pe-ru-na. Miss Blanch Grey, 174 Alabama street, Memphis, Tenn., a society wom an of Memphis, writes: "To a society woman whose nervous force is often taxed to the utmost from lack of rest and irregular meals I know of nothing which is of so much benefit as Peruna. I took it a few months ago when I felt my strength giving away, and it soon made itself manifest in giving me new strength and health." —Miss Blanch Grey. Mrs. X. Schneider, 2409 Thirty-sev enth Place, Chicago, 111., writes: "After taking several remedies with out result, I began last year to take your valuable remedy, Peruna. 1 was i a complete wreck, llad palpitation of I the heart, cold hands and feet, female weakness, no appetite,trembling,sink j ing feeling nearly all the time. You | said 1 was suffering with systemic j catarrh, and I believe that I received | your help in the nick of time. 1 fol -1 lowed your dircctiunsi carefully and j can say to-day that 1 am well again. I I cannot thank you enough for my I cure." Peruna cures catarrh wherever k>- i cated. Peruna is not a guess nor an 1 experiment—it is an absolute scien | tific certainty. Peruna has no substi i tutes —no rivals. Insist upon having I Peruna. A free honk written by Dr. "artman, on the subject of catarrh in its differ ent phases and stages, will be sent free to any address by The Peruna Medicine Co., Columbus, Ohio. Catarrh is a systemic disease curable j only by systemic treatment. A remedy j that cures catarrh must aim directly I at the depressed nerve centers. This is j what Peruna does. I If you do not derive prompt and sat- I isfactory results from the use of Pe ! runr write at onee to Dr. Ilartman, giving a full statement of your case j and he will be pleased to give you his i valuable advice gratis. Address Dr. Ilartman, President of j The HartmanSanitarium,Columbus, o. fle-nntor Proctor's Pinewt Speech. I Senator Proctor, of Vermont, .-ays) tlie i finest speech lie ever made consisted m only I four words. It was in retort to Senator I Hoar's sarcastic little thrust in a speech i directed at the (ircen mountain senator. ! He said: "No man in Vermont is allowed j to vote, unless he has made $5,000 trading 1 with M ts-aehusetts people." Wherein , Proctor said: "And we all vote."—Chicago ; Inter Ocean. Don't Get Footsore! Get Fnot-Kanc, ; A wonderful powder that cures tired, hot, | aching feet and makes new or tight shoes easy. Ask to-day for Allen's Foot-Ease. | Accept no substitute. Trial package FREE, j Address A. S. Olmsted, Le Roy, N. Y. The Way of 11. A man had togo awav from home to have 1,1.1). or I'hl). conferred upon him, but the COD is brought rignt to his door.— Baltimore American. l'iso s Cure is the hest medicine we evei J used for all affections of the throat ant lungs.—Wm. 0. Endsley, Vanburen, Ind. ■ Feb. 10. 1900. The trouble with experience is, nearly every man thinks lie is so smart that l.e iran win where others have failed.—Atch ison Globe. To Care a Cold In One Day Take Laxative Bromo Quinine Tablets. All druggists refundmoney if it fails to cure. 25c. "Why didn't you tell Toughboy that he lied?'' "My telephone is out of order."— i Morristown Herald. I Daylight and trutu zntet us with clear (Uwu.— Millou. THE MARKETS. New York. July 10, 1903, Flour—Fairly active. Wheat No. 2 red 79c. Corn—No. 2 at 71c. Oats—No. 2 white (iOVf.e. Hay—Steady. Ileeves—Steers $5.65(fi8.00. Veals S4.SO(Ji 7.25. Sheep—Firm at 00(T<4.50, lambs $4.73(36.75. Hogs—State hogs SB.OO. Cleveland, July 10.—Flour—Winter wheat patents $4.00(a4.20. Wheat—'No. 2 red 74i/ a c. Corn—No. 2 yellow 70c. Oats—No. 2 white sS' v .c. Hay—No. 1 timothy $12.50. < Eggs—St ric-t ly fresh 19c. Cheese—York state ll(T< 12c. Putter—Pest creamery 22 1 / a e. Potatoes—New Gs(?i 70c. Cattle Choice steers $0.40(36.50, best calves $7.00@7.25. Sheep—Best $4.00(34.25, lambs $4.50 (n 0.25. Hogs—Yorkers $7.80. Toledo. July 19.—Wheat—Cash 77c. Corn-—Cash 05c. Oats—Cash 49c. C 1 everseed —Cash $5.07%. East Liberty, July 19.—Cattle Choice s7.ls(Ti 7.50, good $0.00(36.30. Hogs—(Mediums SB.IO, heavy York ers $7.90. Sheep Best wethers $4.15(34.30, choice lambs $5.75(30.50. East Buffalo, July 19. —Cuttle Strong. Veals $6.75(30.90. Hogs—(Heavy $8.00(38.15, pigs s7.so <g7.90. Sheep lx'imbs $0.25@6.50, best mixed sheen $4.00(34.25. Slgnatur IrfyYears # The Kind You Have Always Bought WI C(NT*UA wnptn, N MUMMY ITDIIT, MU VO«« err*. • IT. J.l' V. llyn JorJan. j I • | 1 -I j pvK. LLEWELLYN JORDAN, Medi- cal Examiner of tlie U. S. Treas ury department, graduate of Colum bia College, and who served three yt..r» at West Point, has the following to say of Peruna: '•Allow me to express my gratitude (o you for the benefit derived from your wonderful remedy. One short month has brought forth a vast change and I now consider myself a well man after | months of suffering. Fellow suf ferers, Peruna will cure you." Peruna immediately invigorates tli© nerve-centers which give vitality to the mucous membranes. Then catarrh disappears. Then catarrh is perma [ nentl.v cured. A New Train TO St. Louis, Has been inaugurated by the "Big Four" Which will be known as the "Exposition Flyer" Look at the SCHEDULE. Lv. Cleveland 5.00 P. M. Lv. Shelby 6.35 " L.v. Crestline - 6.50 " Lv. Gallon .... 7.00 " Lv. Marion 7.27 ** Lv. Bellefor.talne 6.25 " Lv, Sidney 854 " Lv. Union City 945 " Lv. Mur.cie 10.28 " Lv. Anderson... 10.55 " Ar. Indianapolis 11.45 " Ar. St. Louis 7,30 A. M. Making all connections (or the West and Southwest For further information and particulars call os Agunis "liig Kour Kuulu," or address liio tmUfti* signed. WARItfN J. LYNCH, W. P. DEPIE, Uen l I'ass. ,fc Tkt. Aift. Asst. U, P. & T. A CINCINNATI, O. 11ME miiT YOUB TRAD£ | S Wa toucan buy of us at whole- g ■ sale prices and save money, i Our 1,000-page catalogue tells 112 M the story. We will send it upon | 1 receipt of 15 cents. Your neighbors flj I trade with us—why not you ? I 4 CHICAGO The house that tcllw the truth. Jm Z _ [HAZARD Your dealer may not know about It. or may not keep it, but hs •< r TCan get it for ycu !f you insist an< * lf you want Hazard's Powder every time, j IGUN POWDER OLD SORES CURED AJlon'A Ult frlne Salvo curen Chronlr I'IIHT*, Rone I'lrrr*. brrofulou* I leer», >arleoi.e (lrr>r», lndol. nl fleer*, Vr-rrnriti I'lfrr#, Wlille Swelling, Milk I.**, Frxi-mn, Salt Klicuin. »««-r More*, nil old turrb. l*u«lth«ly no failure, no matter howlwntt tUodlnr. By mail, *sc and Wla. J.K A i.i. I.N .1. I'uul.lliim. u> MOTHERS or Millfriritf l.ubifi." ■ BvlnVaii Semi to Henry <\ Blair, Walnut Jt Bth St.. Philadelphia, f< »r a TcPlil 11|or Money refunded if not satisfac tory. Fifty cents, mail, prepuid. 7
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers