The Important the Nineteenth Century in the United States Compiled by WR.IGHT A. PATTERSON. Copyright, 1900, A. X. Kollouft Newspaper Co. 1801. Feb. 18—Thomas Jefferson elected president by vote of the house ir'i«ls"" d The' S seeond' y censiis u. isu. waß taken In 1800. but the total of the enumeration was not announced until 1801. It was d,308,483. 1802. March 16 —Law passed establishing itary academy at West Point. Same law reduced standing army to one regiment o! artillery and two of infantry. April 14—Present naturalization laws passed April—Library of congress first catalogued. It contained 964 volumes and nine maps. May—Washington, D. C., incorporated as a city. 1803. Feb. 19—Ohio admitted to the nion. April 30— T. rrltory of Louisiana purchased from France for $15,000,000. Territory con sists of 1,171,931 square miles. ISO 4. Feb.—lmpeachment trial of Samuel Chase, associate Justice of the supreme court, began, lie was acquitted in March, 1805. May 14—Lewis and Clark expedition started from Mississippi river for Pacific coast. Jul" 11—Alexander Hamilton killed in duel with Aaron Burr at Weehawken on the 1 'udson. Eept. 25—Twelfth amendment to constitu tion adopted. iso.-;. March 4—Thomas .!> iter son and George Clinton inaugurated. June 3—Treaty of peace signed between Tripoli and the United States. Jui .• 30—Territory of Michigan formed from Indiana. 1 SOli. March 29—Congress authorized the bund ing of a national road from Cumberland, Md.. to the Ohio river. Tli - tailors formed first trade union In the United States. INO7. July—American ports closed to the British and British ships ordered from American waters. Aug. 11—Successful voyage of Robert Ful ton's steamboat Clermont from New- York to Albany. Dc'.\ 21—Embargo act passed forbidding American vessels to leave for foreign ports. 1 SOS. Jan. I—Act prohibiting Importation of slaves into country became law. ISOO. M trch 4—James Madison and George Clin ton inaugurated. March 15—Kmbargo act, excepting as to Great Britain and France, repealed, lsio. April 30—A general post office established ir. Washington under the postmaster gen eral. May 10— First agricultural exhibition in United States held at Georgetown. D. C. June Third census taken: population, 7,239,881. 1811. Nov. 7—Battle of Tippecanoe fought by Gen. Harrison. 1813. April B—Louisiana admitted to the union. June 18— U. S. declared war against Eng land. June 26—Strength of the regular army raised to 36.700. Aug. 15—Fort Dearborn massacre on pres ent site of Chicago. Nov. 4—John C. Calhoun made his first ap pearance in congress. isi:i. March 4—James Madison and Elbridge Ger ry inaugurated. Aug. 31—Indians massacred garrison and women and children at Fort Mimms, Ala. Sept. 10—Com. O. H. Perry defeated British squadron at Put-in-Bay. Lake Erie. 1814. April 14—The embargo act repealed by congress. Aug. 25—Washington burned by the British. Sept. 13—"The Star Spangled Banner" written by Francis Scott Key while de tained on board the British ship Minden during the attack on Fort McHenry at Baltimore. It was first sung at a Balti more theater In October of the same year Nov. 23—Vice President Elbridge Gerry at Washington, aged 70. Di-C. 24—Treaty of peace signed betw»en Great Britain and United States at Ghent Belgium. IS 15. Jan. B—British defeated by Americans at New Orleans. Feb. 15— U. S. declared war against Algiers June 30—Peace treaty signed between United States and Algiers. IS Ml. April 10—United States bank chartered by GOW.ODORE rtRRY Princeton. N. J. Bon. AU Brunt 23. ITS.", -Died This society found- A 23 mm ed the negro state August 23. 1819. Qf Liberla j n Af _ rica. Its object being to establish a home for free American negroes. 1817. Jan.—The United States bank began oper ations. March I—James Monroe and Daniel D. TompUins inaugurated. Dec. 10— Mississippi admitted to the union. 1818. March 18—First general pension bill for revolutionary war veterans passed by congress. April 14—President approved act establish ing iiag of United States at 13 stripes and a star for each state. Dec. 3—lllinois admitted to the union. ISIO. Feb. 22—Spain ceded Florida to United States for consideration of $5,000,000. May 24—First ocean steamship, the Savan nah, left Savannah, Ga„ for Liverpool. Trip completed in 26 days. June 19—Maine separated from Massa chusetts by Massachusetts legislature. Aug. 23—Com. O. H. Perry died at Trinidad, West Indies. 14—Alabama admitted to the union. IS2O. March !s—Maine admitted to the union. 6ept. 26- Daniel Boone died at Charrette, Mo., aged S5. 1821. March 5 .)nines Monroe and Daniel D. Tompkins inaugurated president and vice president for second term. Aug. 10—Missouri admitted to the union. 182:2. May 4—President Monroe vetoed appropria tion bl;l providing for government im provements on the Cumberland road, and transmitted to congress a message em bodying his objections to national ap propriations for Internal improvements. This practically changed the policy of the government regarding Internal Improve ments excepting as regards rivers and harbors. 1823. Dec. 2—Proclamation by President Mon roe declared that for the future the American continents were not to be on sidered as subjects for colonization by any Kuropean power. This constitites the "Monroe doctrine." IN2I. March 13—Convention signed betveen Great Britain and United States for <up presslon of slave trade. Aug. 15—Gen. Lafayette landed in Hew York for visit to America. Nov. 9—Tenth presidential election. Of popular vote John Quincy Adams re ceived 105,321; Andrew Jackson. 152899; W. H. Crawford. 47,265; Henry Clay, 17.- 087. No candidate for president rece ved a majority of electoral votes and (lec tion devolved upon house of representa tives. John C. Calhoun elected vice president. 1 H2.V Feb. 9—House of representatives votec for president, each state having one vote. John Quincy Adams received 13. Antrew Jackson, 7, and William Crawford, 4 June 17—Corner stone of Hunker hill rrwnu mer.t laid by Lafayette. Oct. 29—Erie canal* opened from Buffalo to Albany. 1 S2<l. May 10— American Home Missionary so ciety organised in New York. July 4 Ex-Presidents John Adams, Quin cy. Mass., and Thomas Jefferson, Monti cello, Va.. died. Sept. 12—William Morgan abducted 'roni Canandalgua, N. Y. This gave rise to the anti-masonic party that played a prominent part in national politics tor a short time. 1827. First railroad in the United States legan operations. It extended from Quincy, Mass., to the Neponset river and was operated by horse power. 1 828. May 19—Tariff revision bill, placing high duties on Woolen and cotton goods, ap proved by president. Nov. 11-Eleventh presidential election. Andrew Jackson received 658,028 popular and 178 electoral votes; John Quincy Ad ams received 512,159 popular and 83 elec toral votes. 1821). March 9—William T. Barry appointed post master general In Jackson cabinet. Pre vious to this time the postmaster general was not considered a member of the cab inet. Aug. B—First8 —First railway locomotive operated in America started af Honesdale, Pa. 1830. Jan. 25—Robert Y. Hayne, S C.. In speech in congress on Foote resolution on public lands announced nullification doctrine. May 24—First 14 miles of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad opened. Sept.—Anti-masonic party held th-* first national political convention in United States at Philadelphia. 1831. Jan. 15—South Carolina railroad, first pas senger and freight railroad in United States, opened for traffic. July 4 Ex-President James ..ionroe died in New York, aged 73. July 26—First successful reaper. Invention of Cyrus H. McCormick, tested at Steele's Tavern, Va. Chloroform discovered by Samuel Guthrie, of Sacket Harbor, N Y. Matches first used in United States. 1832. March —Black Hawk war begun. Ju'i<• L'L' Fir.»t death CYRUJ H M'CORniCK Henry Clay 530.- Burn Feb. 15, Pied 189 popular and 49 Slay 13, taw. electoral votes. Nov. 14—CharlesCar rol, last surviving signer of declaration of independence, died at Baltimore, aged 95. Nov. 19—Convention at Columbus, S. C., adopted resolutions declaring tariff acts null and void. 1833. March 16—South Carolina repealed nullifi cation resolution In convention. Sept. 26—President Jackson directed re moval of $10,000,000 of government funds from National bank to be deposited in state banks. Nov. 13—Great meteoric display visible in North America. Dec. 6—American Anti-Slavery society or ganized In Philadelphia. 1834. June 30—Indian territory established by act of congress. Dec. —President In annual message an nounced extinguishment of national debt. 1838. Dec. 16-18—Business portion of New York city destroyed by fire; 648 buildings de stroyed; loss $18,000,000. Dec. 28—Seminole Indian war began. Thomas Davenport, of Braddon, Vt., built first electric railway motor at Spring ' field, Mass. 1836. March 2—Texas declared Its independence. March 6—Massacre at the Alamo, San An tonio, Tex., by Mexicans under Santa Anna. May 14—Mexico acknowledged Indepen dence of Texas. June 15—Arkansas admitted to the union. June 28— Ex-President James Madison died at Montpelier, Vt., aged S5. Nov. B—Thirteenth presidential election. Martin Van Buren elected president with 761,549 popular and 170 electoral votes, against 73 electoral votes for his nearest competitor, William Henry Harrison. Total popular vote, 1,498,205. No vice president chosen because of lack of ma jority of electoral votes. Senate chose Richard M. Johnson. 1837. Jan. 6—Michigan admitted to the union. May 10—All banks In New York city sus pended specie payment because of finan cial panic. 1838. May 10—Banks in New York resumed specie payment. 1831). Oct. 10—United States bank suspended, causing financial panic. 1840. Jan. 19—Lieut. Wilkes discovered Antarctic continent. June—Fifth census taken. Population, 17,- '•j8,666. Nov. 10—Fourteenth presidential election. William Henry Harrison received 234 elec toral and 1.275,017 popular votes, and Mar tin Van Buren 60 electoral and 1,128,702 popular votes. 1841. April 4—President Harrison died, aged 68. April s—Vice President Tyler took oath of office as president. July 6—Act to distribute money from sales of public lands among the states passed. July 15—Independence of Egypt acknowl edged by Turkey. 18-12 May 2—Col. John C. Fremont's first expedi tion started for Rocky mountains. Aug. 14—End of Indian war In Florida pro claimed. Aug. 20—A*shburton reaty, settling Maine boundary dispute between Uni'ed States and England, ratified by senate Oct. 18—First submarine cable laid by Prof. Morse In New York harbor. 1843. Jan. 11—Francis S. Key, author of "Star- Spangled Banner," died at Baltimore, aged US. CAMERON COUNTY PRESS, THURSDAY, DECP;MBER 6, 1900. Feb. 28—Great comet seen at noon by naked eye in North America. June 17—Bunker Hill monument dedicated. 1844. May 27—First telegram sent over a land line from Washington to Baltimore. June 27—Joe and Hiram Smith. Mormons, murdered hy mot) at Nauvoo, 111. July 3—First treaty of commerce between United States and China signed. Nov. 12—Fifteenth presidential election. James K. Polk received 170 electoral and 1.335.834 popular votes Henry Clay re ceived 105 electoral and 1,297,033 popular Votes. 1845. Jan. 23—Congress appointed first-Tuesday following first Monday in November na tional election day. Feb. 28—Texas annexed by Joint resolution. March 3—Congress fixed postage on letters at 5 cents for 300 miles or under and 10 cents for over that distance. March 3 Florida admitted to the union. June B—Ex-President Andrew Jackson died, aged 78. Dec. 29—Texas admitted to the union as a state. 184(1. * April 25—Hostilities between Mexico and troops by Mexl ' t l , that state of war exist <• d between JH signed with Great j \ "m IVH Britain settling the 112 ' \ |H 'be Oregon bound f* / *', '• , July 6— Com. John D. sr B /**.OR3E cuple'd Monterey. Born April S7. 1791 -Dlsd Gal., and declared April 3.1872. country annexedto United States. Sept. —Ellas Howe patented first success ful sewing machine. Dec. 28—Iowa admitted to the union. 1847. Feb. 22-23—Battle of Buena Vista fought; 20,000 Mexicans defeated by 5,000 Ameri cans. July 21—Salt Lake City founded by the Mormons. Sept. 13—City of Mexico occupied by American troops. During the year the cylinder printing press was Invented by Richard M. Hoe. 1848. Jan. 19—Gold discovered near Coloma, Cal„ by James Wilson Marshall. Feb. 2—Treaty of peace between United States and Mexico signed at Guadalupe Hidalgo. United States paid Mexico $15.00t),000 for New Mexico and California. Feb. 23—Ex-President John Quincy Adams died at Washington, aged 81. May 29—Wisconsin admitted to the union. Nov. 7—Sixteenth presidential election. Zachary Taylor received 163 electoral votes, and Lewis Cass, of Kentucky, 127 electoral votes. Dec. 15—Postal treaty signed with Great Britain. 1 S4f>. March 3—Department of interior created by congress. June 15— Ex President James K. Polk died at Nashville, Tenn., aged 54. 1 850. April 19—Bulwer-Clayton treaty for joint occupancy of canal across Central America signed. June I—Seventh census taken; population, 23,191,876. July 9—President Taylor died at Washing ton, aged 66. Sept. 9—California admitted to the union. Sept. 20 —"Omnibus" bill passed by con gress. 1851. March 3—Letter postage reduced to 3 cents for distances of 3,000 miles and less If prepaid; 5 cents if not, and double rate for longer distances. April 29 —Trial of electric locomotive built by Alfred Vail with congressional appro priation on B. & O. Ry. It attained a speed of 19 miles per hour. Oct. B—Hudson river railroad opened l'rona New York to Albany. 1852. June 29—Henry Clay died at Washington, aged 75. Nov. 2—Seventeenth presidential election held. Franklin Pierce received 251 elec toral votes, and Gen. Winfield Scott 42 electoral votes. 185.T March 24—Oath of office as vice president administered to William R. King bv Con sul Sharkey at Cumbre, Cuba. Allowed by special act of congress. April 18—Vice President William R. King died at Cahawba, Ala., aged 67. Dec. 30—Treaty providing for purchase of territory south of the Gila river from Mexico approved. Extent of purchase, 45.535 square miles; consideration to Mex ico. $10,000,000. Chicago and New York connected by rail way. 1854. March 31—First commercial and diplomatic treaty with Japan concluded by U. S. May 30—Kansas-Nebraska bill passed by congress. It repealed Missouri compro mise act of 1820. 1855. Feb. 10—Rights of citizenship to children of citizens born In foreign countries granted by act of congress. Sept. 13—Dr. Kane and his companions, arctic explorers, rescued bv Lieut Hart stene, U. S. N., at the island of Disco, Greenland. 1850. Jan. 24—Pro-slavery legislature In Kansas recognized by President Pierce. Proc lamation classes attempt to establish free state government an act of rebellion. Nov. 4—Eighteenth presidential election held. James Buchanan received 174 elec toral votes, John C. Freemont 114 and Millard Fillmore 8. H. Bessemer invented process of making steel by passing cold air through liquid Iron. Known as the "Bessemer process." 1857. Jan. 6—Free state legislature In Kansas dispersed by federal troops. March 6—Dred Scott case decided against plaintiff by United States supreme court. Sept. 11—Mountain Meadow massacre per petrated near Cedar City, Utah Thirty families practically annihilated by Indi ans and Mormons. 1858. May 11—Minnesota admitted to the union Aug. 2—First street deposit boxes for let ters used in Boston. Aug. s—First Atlantic cable completed Oct. 9—Donati's comet attained its greatest brilliancy. Oct. 9—First overland mail from San Fran cisco reached St. Louis. Time, 24 davs 18 hours. ' 1850. Jan. 4—New senate chamber occupied Feb. 14—Oregon admitted to the union Oct. 16—Government arsenal at Harper's Ferry seized by John Brown. Oct. 18—John Blown captured by govern ment troops under Col. R E Lee Nov. 28—Washington Irving died at Tarry town, N. Y., aged 76. D ?,°r- 2r John Brown hanged at Charleston. W. v a. ' 1800. May 18—Abraham Lincoln nominated for President on fourth Abraha^w ELI AT. MOWE and Stephen A! Morn July 9, 1819.-Pled Douglas 12 elec- June i, 187.1. toral and 1.375,157 popular votes. Dec. 4—President Buchanan in annual mas sage to congress said southern states had no legal right to secede, and government no power to prevent secession. Dec. 20—South Carolina seceded. 18(11. Jan. 9—Steamer Star of the West with reenforcements for Fort Sumter tired upon by South Carolina troops from Morris island and forced to retire. Jan. 9—Mississippi seceded. Jan. 10 —Florida seceded. Jan. 11—Alabama seceded. Jan. 19—Georgia seceded. Jan 26—Louisiana seceded. Kansas admit ted to the union. Feb. I—Texas seceded. Feb. 4—Confederate congress met at . Montgomery, Ala. Six states repre sented. Feb. 9—Jefferson Davis chosen president and Alexander H. Stephens vice presi dent of Southern Confederacy. April 12—Port Sumter fired upon. First gun llreil by Edmund Ruffln of Virginia. April 14— Fort Sumter surrendered. April 15—President called for 75,000 troops. April 17—Virginia seceded. April IS—President proclaimed blockade of southern ports. May 6—Arkansas seceded. May 21— North Carolina seceded. June B—Tennessee seceded. July 21—Federal troops defeated at battle of Bull Run. Nov. B—Confederate envoys Mason and Slidell captured on British steamer Trent, by Capt. Wilkes, U. S. N. 18(12. Jan. I.—Government suspended specie payment. Feb. 6—Fort Henry. Tenn., captured by Gen. Grant and Com. Foote. Feb. 16—Fort Donelson surrendered to Gen. Grant. March 8— U. S. frigate Congress and U. S. sloop-of-war Cumberland destroyed by confederate ram Merrimac at Hampton Roads. March 9—Battle between Monitor and Merrimac at Hampton Roads. April 25 Admiral Farragut occupied New Orleans. May 15—Department of agriculture estab lished. May -"—Homestead act approved by the president. June lit Slavery forever prohibited in the territories. June 26-Juiy 2—Seven days' fighting. Army of the Potomac retreated from before Richmond July I—President approved act for build ing railroad and telegraph line from Mis souri river to Pacific ocean. July -I iix-President .Martin Van liuren died ai IJndenwold. N. Y.. aged SO. Aug. 19 Sioux Indians attack frontier set tlements of Minnesota. Sept. 6—Confederate forces crossed the Potomac Into Maryland. Sept. 16-17—Confederates defeated at An tletam. They retreated into Virginia the following day. Dee. 31—West Virginia admitted to the union to date from June 20, 1863. i soa. .lan. 1 President Lincoln issued proclama tion freeing slaves In confederate states. They numbered about 3,120.000. Feb. 25—National currency secured by U. S. bonds provided for. May 10-Stonewall Jackson died. Wound ed May 2 at Chancellorsvllle. July 1-2-3—Confederate army, numbering 82.000 men, defeated at Gettysburg by federal army, numbering 73,500 men. July 4 Vlcksburg surrendered to Gen. Grant. July 25—Samuel Houston. Texas hero, died at Huntersville, Tex., aged 70. Sept. 15 President Lincoln suspended writ of habeas corpus. Sept. llt-20—Federal army defeated by con federates at Chlckamauga. Nov. 23-24-25—Federal army under Gen. Grant defeated confederates at Orchard Knob. Missionary Ridge and Lookout mountain. J so-J. March 10—Gen. Grant placed In command of the federal y j\-i i.jMt.oi.ri ' I'.Yn I, t: , blVdicd* Born Feb. la. I*o9 -Died May 19 Nathaniel April is, 1865. Hawthorne di e d at Plymouth, N. H., aged 60. June 19—Federal cruiser Kearsaree cap tured confederate cruiser Alabama off Cherbourg, France. July 16—Gold reached the maximum. 280 per cent. Sept. 2—Atlanta captured by Gen. Sher man. Oct. 31—Nevada admitted to the union by proclamation of president. Nov. B—Twentieth presidential election. Lincoln and Johnson carried 22 states; Mc- Clellan and Pendleton, 3; 11 not voting. Nov. 14—Sherman's march to the sea be gan. Dec. 21—Savannah captured by Gen. Sher man. 1 8«5. Feb. 18—Gen. Lee placed in command of all confederate forces. March 3—Confederate debt disowned by act of congress. March 18—Confederate congress adjourned sine die. April 9—Lee surrendered to Grant at Ap pomattox. April 14—President Lincoln shot by J. Wilkes Booth in Ford's theater, Wash ington. April 15—President Lincoln died at 7:30 a. m. Vice President Johnson took oath of office as president same day. April 15—Military Order of the Loyal Le gion formed. April 26 J. Wilkes Booth shot In barn near Bowling Green, Va. May 10—Jefferson Davis captured by mem bers of Fourth Michigan cavalry at Irwlnsvllle. Ga. May 13—Last battle of the war fought. Federals defeated by confederates near Palo Pinto, Tex. The total number of enlistments In the federal'service were 2,859,132; total number of engagements fought between the two armies 2,261; in the federal army the total loss by death was 279,735; the confederate government existed 4 years 1 month and 14 days. May 22—Southern ports opened by proc lamation of president. May 22-23—Grand review of federal armies at Washington. Dec. I—Habeas corpus restored in north ern states by proclamation. Dec. 18—Thirteenth amendment to consti tution declared adopted by the several states. 1800. April 6—First post of grand army organ ized at Springfield. 111. April 9—Civil rights bill passed over the president's veto. May 29 I —Gen. Winfield Scott died at West Point, aged 80. July 24.—Tennessee readmitted to the union. 1.507. Feb. 9—Nebraska admitted to the union. March 2—Military reconstruction act passed over president's yeto. May 13—Jefferson Davis admitted to ball. June 20— U. S. acquired Alaska from Rus sia. Consideration $7,200,000. Extent, 577,390 square miles. 1808. Feb. 24—House of representatives voted to impeach President Johnson. May s—Grand army instituted Decoration day, designating May 30. May 26—President Johnson acquitted of im peachment charges. June I—Ex-President James Buchanan died at Wheatland, Pa. June 22—Arkansas readmitted to the union. June 25—North and South Carolina, Ala bama, Florida and Louisiana readmitted to the union. July 28—Fourteenth amendment to consti tution declared adopted. Nov. 3—Twenty-first presidential election. Ulysses S. Grant, 214 electoral and 3,015,- 071 popular votes, and Horatio Seymour 80 electoral and 2,709,613 popular votes. Dec. 25—Amnesty proclamation granting unconditional pardon to all concerned in confederate rebellion Issued. 1800, May 10—Union Pacific railroad opened for traffic. July I—Soldiers' national monument at Gettysburg dedicated. Sept. 21—"Black Friday." Culmination of financial panic in New York. Gold quoted at 162V4. Oct. 8— Ex-President Franklin Pierce died at Concord. N. If., aged 65. Nov. 24—American Woman's Suffrage as sociation formed at Cleveland, O. Dec. 10—Wyoming gave women the right to vote and hold office. Dec. 24—Edwin M. Stanton died at Wash ington aged 55. 1870. Jan. 26—Virginia readmitted to the union. Feb. 9—Congress authorized the establish ment of the weather bureau. Feb. 23—Mississippi readmitted to the union. March 30—Texas readmitted to the union. April 9—American Anti-Slavery society, after existence of 37 years, dissolved. March 30—Fifteenth amendment to con stitution declared adopted. June—Ninth census taken. Population, 38,588.371. July if—Georgia readmitted to the union. July I*—First through car from the Pa cific readied New York. Aug. 14— Admiral David C. Farragut died at Portsmouth, N. H.. aged 69. Dec. 16—Colored Methodist Episcopal church in America organized. 1871. Jan. 16—Supreme court decided legal tender act of 1862 constitutional. March 3—Act establishing Centennial ex position at Philadelphia passed by con gress. March—First civil service commission ap pointed. Oct. 8-9—Fire destroyed 20.000 buildings In Chicago; 98,500 people made homeless; loss, $192,000,000. 1872. March —Strike for an 8-hour day, In volving lOO.uuu men, MT' three months and " Sept. 14—Geneva trl -I'/! der of electoral GW ROBERT I LEE yotes divl(l ,.,i as Born J;.n. 19 107 Died follows: B Gratz o.'t. 12.18,0 Brown. IS; Thomas A. Hendricks. 42; Charles J. Jenkins, 2; David Davis. I. Combined popular vote of (!re< Iv and Brown was 2.831.079. Nov. 29—Horace Greeley died at Pleasant ville. N. V.. ag< d 61. Dec. 12 Edwin Forrest, a tragedian, died at Philadelphia, aged 68. IS7JI. Feb. 7—"Trade dollar" ordered and silver demonetized by act of congress. Feb 27 (Jakes Ames, of Mass., and James Brooks, of N. Y., censured by congress for connection with Credit Mobllier. May I—One-cent postal cards first issued. May 7—Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase died at New York, aged 65. S< pt. 20— Panic on New York stock ex change; txchunge closed; reopened <ov!' 19—William H. Tweed convicted in New Vork; sentenced to 12 years In the penitentiary. 1874. March 3—President's salary fixed at $50,000. March B—Ex-President Millard Fillmore died at Buffalo, N. Y.. aged 74. July-Oct.— Grasshoppers Infest Western and Northwestern states. Aug. 28—Rev. Henry Ward Beecher ac quitted of charges preferred against hltn by Theodore Tiiton by a committee of his church. „ , _ Oct. 15 Lincoln monument at Springfield, 111., dedicated. Nov. 19-National Woman's Christian Tem perance union organized at Cleveland, O. 157.-,. May I—Whisky frauds exposed. Loss to government in levenue stamps, $1,650,000. Julv— \lexander Graham Bell constructed lirst successful telephone. July 31 —Ex-President Johnson died near Jonesborough, Tenn.. aged 67. Nov. 22—Vice President Henry Wilson died at Washington, aged 63. 187(1. May 10—Centennial exposition opened at Philadelphia by Pres. Grant and Don Pedro 11. of Brazil. June 25—Gen. George A. Custer and 276 men massacred by Indians under Sit ting Bull near Little Big Horn river, Montana. Aug. I—W. W. Belknap, secretary of war, acquitted of impeachment charges. Aug. I—Colorado admitted to the union. Nov. 7—Twenty-third presidential elec tion. Hayes received 185 electoral and 4.033.295 popular votes: Tilden 184 elec toral and 4,284,265 popular votes. 1877. Jan. 17—Joint congressional committee agreed upon a plan for counting elec toral vote. Electoral commission ap pointed by this commission awarded 3 disputed votes from Florida to republic ans Feb. 9; vote of Louisiana to repub licans Feb. 16; vote of Oregon to repub licans Feb. 2.1; vote of South Carolina to republicans Feb. 27. July 16—General railroad strike began in Pennsylvania against reduction of wages. It lasted three months, spread throughout the eastern and central states, and resulted disastrously for the men. Aug. 11—Satellites of Mars discovered by Prof. Hall, of Washington. A'-g,29—Brigham Young died in Salt Lake City, aged 76. 1878. Feb. 28—Bland silver bill passed over the president's veto. June 12—William Cullen Bryant died In New York, aged 84. July 10-15—Yellow fever epidemic began at New Orleans. Dec. 17—Gold down to par in New York, first time since Jan. 13, 1862. 1870. Jan. I—Specie payment resumed by the government. Feb. 15— Act permitting women to prac tice before the supreme court passed. July B—Yacht Jeanette sailed from San Francisco on voyage of arctic explora tion. 1880. May 31— League of American Wheelmen organized at Newport. June— Tenth census taken. Population, 50,155,783. Nov. 2—Twenty-fourth presidential elec tion. Garfield received 214 electoral and 4.450,i21 popular votes; Hancock 155 elec toral and 4,447,888 popular votes. 1881. June 24—Secretary of State Blaine notified American ministers at European courts that anv attempt to guarantee neutrality of Panama canal would be considered un called-for interference. July 2—President Garfield shot by Gul teau in Baltimore and Potomac depot at Washington. Sept. 19—President Garfield died at El beron, N. J., at 10:35 p. m. 1882. March 24— Henry W. Longfellow died at Cambridge. Mass., aged 75. March 25 —Edmunds law excluding big amists and polygamlsts from holding office passed. April 27—Ralph Waldo Emerson died at Concord. Mass., aged 79. May 13—Lieut. Lockwood and Sergt. Brainard, of Greeley expedition reached S3 degrees 23 minutes 8 seconds. 1883. May 24—New York and Brooklyn bridge opened. June 14 —Verdict returned of not guilty in Star-Route case. July 19— Strike of telegraph operators be gan at Pittsburgh. Pa., and spread throughout the country. It involved 67,000 men who asked for 15 per cent, in crease of wages. Lasted 30 days and was successful. Sept. 9—Northern Pacific railroad finished. 1884. May 6-7—Firm of Grant & Ward and Marine bank failed In New York. May 14—Financial crisis occurred In New- York. Nov. 4— Twenty-fifth presidential election. Cleveland received 219 electoral and 4,- 911,017 popular votes; Blaine 184 electoral and 4,848,334 popular votes. 1885. Feb. 21—Washington monument dedicated. First foundation —jprrgg s ton was laid Hp America fronj Bal ' a 2 e mlle^. d 'opened nCL glm u3 on AMT Q ct 29—Gen. George Born April 27, IMS —Pied McClellan died Julys?, 1385- at Orange, N. J., aged 59. Nov. 25 Vice-President Thomas A. Hen dricks died at Indianapolis, Ind., aged 66. 188(1. March 6—Knights of Labor struck on southwestern railroads. May 4— Anarchist riot and Haymarket massacre took place in Chicago. Aug 31— Charleston, S. C., and other south ern points visited by severe earthquake. Sept 4— Geronimo. Apache chief, surren dered to Gen. Miles at Skeleton canyon, Arizona. , , Oct 12— Disastrous gale along Texas coast destroyed 250 lives and left 2,000 people homeless. Oct. 28— Lioerty statue la New York Uai> bur unveiled. Nov. I* Bx-Presldent Chester A. iviihuf died at New York, aged 56. Deo. 20—Gen. John A. L.ogan died at Washington, aged 60. I.SH7. Jan. 29—Mexican war pensioh bill ap proved Feb. 11 —Dependent pension bill vetoed. March 22—First Interstate commerce com mission appointed. Aug. 11— H. S. Ives & Co., New York orokers. lulled; liabilities, J20.000.000. IHHH. March 23—Chief Justice Morrison B. Walto died at Washington, aged 72. Aug. s—Gen. Philip H. Sheridan died at Nontjult, Mass., aged 57. Sept. 12—Act prohibiting Immigration of Chinese into united States approved. Nov. 6—Twenty-sixth presidential election. Cleveland received 168 electoral ard 5,540. - 329 popular votes; Harrison 233 t.ectorai and 5.439,853 popular votes. I5M>. : Feb. 9—Department of agriculture created as executive department. Norman J. ! Coleman appointed llrst secretary Feb. 12. I r eb. 20—Act to create Maritime Canal com- I pany passed by congress. Feb. 22—Dakota territory divided March B—John Ericsson died at New York, aged S6. : April 22—Oklahoma opened for settlement | and city of Guthrie established. May 31—Disastrous Hood at Johnstown, I J a., caused loss of 2,142 lives and property to amount of $9,G74,'105. Oct. 2—Pan-American congress organized in Washington. 1 Nov. 2 North and South. Dakota admitted to the union, i Nov. B—Montana admitted to the union. Nov. 11—Washington admitted to the union. Dec. 6—Jefferson Davis, confederate presi l dent, died at New Orleans, aged 81. 1800. Jan. I—Horatio Allen, first, locomotive m ; gineer In United States, died at Mou | trose. N. J., aged 88. April 2—Australian ballot system first in troduced into United States at election in Rhode Island. j July 3 Idaho admitted to the union. July 10—Wyoming, the 44th state, admitted ] to the union. I July 14—Act authorizing purchase of 4,500,- | 000 ounces of silver per month and for coinage of 2,000.000 ounces per month un- I til July 1. 1901, passed by congress. | Oct. I—McKinley tariff bill approved. .Oct. 6—Polygamy abolished by the Mor : mons. I Dec. 2S—Battle with the Indians at Wound ed Knee. S. D. IHOI. Jan. 17—G°orge Bancroft, historian, died ! at Washington, aged 91. Feb. 13—Admit a. David Dixon Porter died I at Washington, aged 77. I Feb. 11—Gen. William T. Sherman died at i New York, aged 71. J March 3—lnternational copyright act ap | proved. : March 21—Gen. Joseph E. Johnston died at I Washington, aged 84. Aug. 12—James Bussell Lowell died at j Cambridge, Mass., aged 72. ISO 2. j June 4—Secretary of State Blaine resigned. ! July 12—Cyrus W. Field died at Ardsley, i N. Y„ agi d 73. I Sept. 7 John Ureenleaf Whittier died at I Hampton Falls. N. H., aged Sa. ] Nov. S Twenty-seventh presidential elec tion. Cleveland received 277 electoral and 5.556.53" popular votes; Harrison, 145 electoral and 5,440.216 popular votes; Weaver, 22 electoral and 1,122,045 popular votes. ISO.'t. Jan. ll—Gen. Benjamin F. Butler died at _____ Washington, aged , f " rr V' Burn in Montpullur, Vt., i"try r< K " Pee. 25, 1*37. March 2—Act to com pel railroads to use automatic couplers and air brakes on all cars approved. April 12—American Railway union organ*- ized at Chicago. May I—World's Columbian exposition opened at Chicago. Aug. 15—Behring sea court of arbitration, reported. Right of U. S. to a closed sea denied. Oct. 2—Destructive storm on Gulf of Mex ico caused loss of over 2,000 lives. Oct. 30—World's Columbian exposition, closed. Total number of admissions, 27.- 529,400. Nov. I—Act repealing silver purchase law approved. 1804. March 25 J. S. Coxey's army of the com monweal started from Massillon, 0., for Washington. April 23—General strike of mine workers throughout the country against a reduc tion of wages. It involved nearly 200,000 men, and was partially successful at tha end of two months. June 26—Sympathetic strike ordered on all western railroads by American Railway union. It lasted two months. Jun» 28—Act creating "Uabor Day," first Monday in September, approved. Oct. 7—Oliver Wendell Holmes died, at Boa ton, aged 86. 1807». May 20—Supreme court decided income tax law unconstitutional. May 28—Secretary of State Walter Q. Gresham died, aged 63. Oct. 7—Wm. Wetmore Story, American sculptor and author, died in Italy, aged Dec. 26—New tariff bill passed. IHOH. March 2—Cuban insurgents recognized as belligerents by concurrent resolution of house and senate. June IS—United States and England.agreed to arbitrate Venezuelan boundary dis pute. July I—Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe died. aged 84. Aug. 17—Gold discovered In Yukon district of Alaska by Geo. McCormack. Nov. 3—Twenty-eighth presidential elec tion. William McKinley received 7,107,822 popular and 271 electoral votes; William Jennings Bryan, 6,511,073 popular and 17$ electoral votes. ISO 7. Jan. 11—Arbitration treaty, betwean United States ar.d England signed. July 7—Dingley tariff bill passed. June 16—Ha wailan annexation treaty signed at Washington. Islards formally annexed July 7. IMOK. Feb. 15—Battleship Maine destroyed In Ha vana harbor by explosion; 266 oilicersand men killed. April 20—Spanish minister. Polo de Be made, given his passports. April 21—Minister Woodford left Madrid. April 22—Blockade of Cubaiv* —ts began. April 23—President calls for '125,000 volun teers. May I—Spanish squadron destroyed at Ma nila by American squadron under Com. Dewey. Spanish,loss, 400; American loss, none. June 22—Gen. Shatter with 6,000 troops» landed in Cuba^ June 30—Uadrone islands seized by U. 3. ship Charleston. July 1-2—Battles of El Caney, El Paso and San Juan fought. Spanish driven back ti> Santiago and siege began. July 3—Spanish squadron destroyed off Santiago. Spanish loss, 600 killed, 692 prisoners. July B—Philippine republic proclaimed by Aguinaldo. July 17—Santiago surrendered to American army. July 25—Geo.. Miles landed In Porto Rico with American army. July 26—Spain sued for peace. Aug. 12—Peace protocol signed. Aug. 13—City of Manila captured by Amer icans. lISOO. Jan. I—lsland of Cuba transferred to Unit ed States by Spain. Jan. 6—Peace treaty between United States and Spain ratified by senate; vote, 57 to 27. March 30—Malolos, seat of Filipino govern ment, captured by American troops under Gen Mac Arthur. Dec. lft—-MaJ. Gen. Henry W. Lawton killed In Philippines. 1000. June—Twelfth census taken; population 76,295,220. Sept. B—Galveston. Tex., practically de stroyed by West Indian hurricane; loss of life esttmated at between 5.W0 and 8.000. Sept. 17—Strike of anthracite coal miner# In Pennsylvania began. Nov. 6- Twenty-ninth presidential elec tion. WUUatn McKinley received 292 eteo» toral veU» William J, Bryan 156. 3
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers