2 CAMERON COUNTY PRESS, H. H. MULLIN, Editor. Published Every Thursday. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. ?'er y»ar f*J ( paid in advance 1 W ADVERTISING RATES: Advertisements are published at the rate of •ne dollar per square forone insertion anil lifty cebts per square for each subsequent Insertion. Rales by the year, or for six or three months, •re low and uniform, and will be furnished oo application. Letrul arid Official Advertising per square, three times or less, 82; each subsequent inser tion 60 cents per square. Loral notices 10 cents per line for one inser •ertion; cents per line for each subsequent consecutive Insertion. Obituary notices over five lines 10 cents per line. Simple announcements of births, mar riages and deaths will Vie inserted free. Business cards, five lines or less. 55 per year; ever live lines, at the regular rates of adver tialng. No local inserted for less than 7o cents per Isaue. JOB PRINTING. The Job department of the Putt's is complete »nd affords facilities for doing the- best class of work. pAimcui-AR attkn i ion paid to Law Printing. No paper will be discontinued until arrear ages arc paid, except at the option of the pub li»ber. Papers sent out of the county must be paid for in adyance. It is the extremist who brings a theory or a proposition into disre „ ... pute. He has no Fault* of tlie 1 power of calcula- Extremlat. tion und mt]e gplf . control, and, recognizing no limits,Tie never pauses until he either kills the of his idea or makes it swallow ■the world. When he picks up a re form movement he works it more real injuries than it suffers at the hands of its enemies, says a writer in the Housekeeper. In polities, medicine *nd religion, he strives to cover the whole ground with the narrojy tenets of his belief. He divides humanity into wise men and fools, according to whether or not they accept his proposition. He is the patron of fads, and no absurdity is too empty to meet with his approval. Fanaticism is his trade-mark, and excitement his ■whole existence. His ideas about ways and means are vague and in definite. He is continually engaged in the effort to tenr down forms and institutions, painfully established by the experience of others, or to force tipon an unenlightened race his own interpretation of real progress. Evo lution is too slow for him. Agitation, ridicule, persecution, are his means of hurrying nature. What somebody else has taken years to accomplish he believes strongly in his ability to complete in a day. He is always .sow ing seeds of discord and discontent. He is pessimistic about present con ditions, and positive that nothing but liis panacea can restore society to its normal condition. More general attention has been di rected to the increased instruction in Agricultural commerceand busi ness than is being Education. , , given by the uni versities to the new courses in agri culture. But the latter are being de veloped as never before, says the Chi cago Tribune. The agricultural pa mpers tell of the improvements in com bining practical with theoretical knowledge. There was mention some "weeks ago in one of them of the de mand for university educated farm ers for responsible positions in ex periment stations and also on large ranches, whose managers appreciate 'lhe advantages of scientific agricul ture. One evidence of this growing .interest is found at the University of Missouri. That institution offered a •summer course for teachers and the attendance lias exceeded the expecta tions of the most sanguine. In sev eral counties in Missouri agriculture ilias been made a part of the public (Schools' courses and is treated in the tsame manner as other studies. It is receiving as much attention as mathe matics and will be made a require ment, and no pupil is judged thor oughly equipped without a knowledge of modern methods of agriculture. hat teachers may be fitted to give such instruction the Missouri normal schools are adding agricultural peda gogy to their curriculum. The idea is a good one and is of special value in the agricultural counties. It is told* of the head of a large newspaper in a western city that he las his five-o'clock tea regularly. The paraphernalia consists of a silver tray, silver tea caddy, silver kettle and Dresden cups. The office boy brings cream at the appointed hour, ar ranges the service on a handsome in laid tabouret and lights the alcohol lamp under the silver tea kettle. Then he retires, and the editor brews the tea. They tell in New York of a wealthy citizen, name not given, who for 12 years past has been importuning presi dents of the United States to appoint Sum to office. He assures each occu pant of the white house that lie will under no circumstance accept. All he ■wants is "the privilege of refusing," as be wrote to President Harrison, but so iar no chief magistrate has cared to take him at his word. The time has passed when any old slothes that a traveler might possess were accounted good enough for an ocean voyage. Indeed, the dressing of passengers 011 some ocean liners has recently become so elaborate that per «h>d.s looking for ease and informality are alarmed at the rapidity with which ■the former idea® on this subject are changing. THE ISSUE ALREADY DEAD. Cliere Hemnlna Little of Interest to the People la (be "Antl-luipa rial liiu" Screed. It is not safe to say positively that "anti-imperialism" will not interest the people next month or month after next. No man can predict with cer tainty which way the shifting cur rents of popular thought may run and what the political topic may be which will engross public attention in Octo ber. "Anti-imperialism" has been adver tised extensively. It has been intro duced as the paramount issue of the campaign. But the only persons who accept it as such are the frainers of the Kansas City platform and the ed itors who fill their columns with eu logies of that platform and gold dem ocrats who are anxious under some convenient cover to get back into reg ular standing in the party find in "anti-imperialism" an excuse for their return. If that excuse had not of fered itself many of them would have seized on some other. They have voted for democratic candidates ex cept in 1896. They feel more at home in that party than in any other. From it alone do they expect political pre ferment. But while many of the gold demo crats are passing over this "anti-im perialism" bridge to Mr. Bryan, few republicans of any consequence are following them. The silver repub licans of 1596 are proclaiming that free silver is a dead issue, and are re turning in companies and regiments to the republican camp. The alleged "imperialism" of that party does not deter them. It is said, quite correctly, by a paper which favors neither Me- Kinley nor Bryan that "there are as yet few evidences that any large number of votes will Vie attracted to Bryan 011 this ground of anti-imperial ism between the Alleghenies and the Missouri river, while farther west, where the expansion sentiment has al ways been strongest, he seems likely to lose rather than gain by his atti tude concerning imperialism." Nor are the rank and file of the democratic party itself in the least ex cited over this "paramount issue" of the party platform. It is not an issue of their making. They, like other Americans, have no burning desire that this country shall give up terri tory it has won in fair fight and "en small" itself. This hue and cry about "imperialism" was none of their rais ing. It was invented by their leaders, who have long been in search of some campaign cry to take the place of "10 to I." Those leaders, unable to find a satisfactory issue among those which interest the people have manu factured one. and have been toiling thus far without success to interest the people in it. Their failure to do so is not surpris ing. Their assurances that their Phil ippine policy is based on the Declara tion of Independence and the rights of man do not conceal the fact that it is n cowardly policy, based on deceit. Mr. Bryan contends that Americans are not so competent to govern Fili pinos as Filpinos are to govern them selves, and also the white men living in the Philippines, and the white men's city of Manila. But the rule of action of Mr. Bryan's party in the cotton states is that white men are competent to govern colored citizens without their consent. et the col ored men of the south are better qual ified to govern themselves than are the Tagals or the members of other tribes in the Philippines. The difference between the repub lican Philippine policy and democrat ic policy as gingerly set forth by- Bryan is so slight that the ordinary voter is unable to perceive any impor tant difference. The administration is endeavoring to establish good gov ernment in the Philipipnes. The nec essary prerequisites is the suppres sion of armed resistance to the au thority of the government. The demo crats object to that as government •without "the consent of the gov erned." The first thing they propose to do, however, is to establish "a stable government" in the Philippines. They do not say that they have ob tained or intend to ask for"the con sent of the governed." nor do they ex plain where they get the right to es tablish "a stable government" for Fili pinos. If the latter claim the right to do it for themselves it will be neces sary for Mr. P.ryan to suppress an in surrection before he can make a gov ernment. As the first thing to be done, whoever may be elected presi dent, will be the suppression of the Philippine insurrecton, the general feeling will be that Mr. McKinley should be allowed togo on and finish a necessary work he has iiegun. For these and other reasons the "anti-imperialist" issue has fallen flat thus far. The voters do not take kindly to it, nor can it be forced on them if they do not wish for it. Poli ticians may press issues 011 the vot ers, but the latter will accept only those which attract them. Four years ago President McKinley and some of his advisers strove to mill'" the tariff "the paramount issue." The voters would not have it. Free silver alone interested them. It was something they could understand. This abstract question of "iniiierialism" does not ex cite them. Should it fail to do so dur ing the coming month tne democrats may feel obliged to drop it. anil in de spair fall br».-k 011 "Ifi to 1." It will not be a w'/ininy issue, but the public will limit".stand it and will meet it squarely.—Chicago Tribune. the anti-imperialists had he'd their convention in Xorth Carolina and the natives were permitted to read the speeches we might have a race war which would be more serious than Aguinaldo's guerrilla rebellion light at liouie. —Milwaukee Sentinel. CAMERON COUNTY PRESS, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1900. WHEN WEBSTER DAVIS SPOKE Then up rose Webster Davis And nodded to the roars, Anil gave his helpless hearers His lecture on the Boers. Then he sang to "Old Hundred" In plaintive melody: "Oh. William Jyan Brennings Is: the candidate for me. "No, no! I don't mean Brennings— I suffer from the heat— Eut Wennlng Brilliams Jyan— I'll save him from defeat. "For with him as our leader Our march shall never pause. Hail! Jllliam Bryning Wennans And his see-frilver cause. "Hurrah for Oom Kraul Puger, Who has our sympathy. And Willing Jynam Brennans, Who'll march to victory!" As on and on he rambled The delegates would screech: "It seems that Debater Wavls Has kopjes In his speech." —Baltimore American. M'KINLEY HAS KANSAS. Senntor Slum p Sfiyft That anil Many Oilier Wi-Klirn StutPM Will Sure ly Oo Itciinkllran. "In the far west the republicans will lost- none of the stales they carried in IS'J6," said Senator Shoup a few days ago, "while the democrats certainly will lose Washington. Wyoming and Utah, which they carried in 1596. The republican majorities in California and Oregon will be increased, and there is a good fighting chance of carrying Idaho and perhaps"Nevada. Bryan will surely lose Kansas; Illinois). Michigan, Minnesota and Wisconsin are surely re publican, 100,000 republican majority THE PARACHUTE ISSUE FAILS TO OPEN UP. liVN %*./ #SL i- z * J, J7f/ '/tne"At>/'* ' 'ouFna/' And Billy Bryan Is Bound to Get Another Hard Fall in Consequence. being' claimed in Illinois; in Indiana there promises to be a ciot-e and deter mined light. *•'l in- situation with respect to the German vote has been thoroughly looked into by the republican managers at Chicago, awl they say that no se rious disaffection exists, and the loss from that quarter will be small. In Idaho the leading Germans are all sup port ing t lie republican ticket earnest ]v. "In the far west the money question will niat enter largely into the cam paign. The democrats will try to keep it alive there, but they will not be able to do so. in view of Bryan's speech^of acceptance and the obvious purpose of the party to push it aside in the east. Therefore t he question of < xpansion. or imperialism, as the democrats term it. will be given most consideration, and the democrats will not have public sen timent in the west with them on that isisne. The people who live in the ter ritory which was acquired by this gov ernment from France or from Mexico are not opposed to expansion. They know the same sort of opposition made now to expansion was made to every addition of territory to the union, and that every argument of the opposition has proved false. Moreover, the west more than any other part of the coun try is benefited by the expansion policy of the administration. "> DRIFT OF OPINION. tETßryan's oratory is to run in a dif ferent groove this year from what it did in 1896, but it will be the same old stuff.—San Francisco Call. r/Mr, Ha nil a is not well. But he suggests that the public take a look at the other fellows when he gets through with them next November.— ')etro't Free Press (Dem.). (trßryan objects to a standing army, but favors an American protectorate over the Philippines. He has not ex plained how the latter could be main tained without the former.—» San Fran cisco Chronicle. ICT'The visible supply of go'd in the teasury and banks of the I'nited States isover $(>00.000.000.and the go'd exports, due to money loaned abroad, have no effect whatever on the financial situ ation.- St. Louis Globe-Democrat. O'Senator Stewart, of Nevada, is not quite so thoroughly convinced as he used to be regarding the sincerity of William Jennings Bryan. He has dropped the any-issue-to-win candidate and will vote for William MeKinley.— I Chicago Inter Ocean. CAN'T i'OOL THE FARMERS. lloomerN Are Xot Milking Much llruduny with Their "Var nmuuut la* tie." The secretary of agriculture, Mr, Wil son, says that on his' recent tour of the \w-st he found the farmers deriding the free silver agitators and repudiat ing the anti-imperialists. .Many west ern farmers' once thought there was merit in the 10 to 1 idea, but time has convinced them that its adoption, would have done infinite mischief. They un derstand perfectly what imperialism is. They say Aguinaldo was an imperialist when he proclaimed himself dictator, ordered the massacre of all Americans, killed or spared as he saw lit and nmr dered his'< nemies' when he pleased. The C'hinise empress and Prince Tuan. the western farmers say, are imperialists, for they do what they please without const it in ional limitation. This is the substance of -Mr. Wilson's report on politics a® he found it. The western farmers'thoroughly un derstand what a republican govern ment is. and would resent in a moment any attempt to overthrow the repub lican government they enjoy. They de manded that the imperialist .Spaniards be driven out of Cuba, and sent their sons to do it. They indorsed the presi dent's action in meeting the responsi bilities arising in the Philippine.™. They know that when their sons- put down Aguinaldo they were suppressing im perialism. They educate and support missionaries in China, and want them protected. The farmer boys, now, as always, are read" lo help protect Amer ican lives and property anywhere in the world. When they come back from putting down imperialism in Cuba, in Luzon or in China they cannot be de ceived by the pretense that they have been engaged in an imperialistic effort to destroy the republican government of the I'nited States. But the Bryan campaign iso not an effort to deceive the farmers alone. It is an effort to deceive the whole Amer ican people—to convince them that the president has embarked upon a policy of which he never dreamed, and that the simple maintenance of plain Amer ican rights in thePhilippines and China in some mysterious way threatens' the existence of republican institutions here at home. The Bryanites have so low an. opinion of popular intelligence that they think such a deception pos sible. "They only waste their breath," as Secretary Wilson pertinently says, "who imagine that our people are so ignorant that they cannot understand the difference between republican gov ernment as we have it and imperial ism as we do not have it. Those west ern farmers will r.ot waste a moment on a proposition of that kind. They know what imperialism is, and they know what republicanism is." Mr. Wilson's statement is so plain ar.t hard that it seems indisputable, and we are inclined to believe that it is.— Chicago Inter Ocean. A Tested IMSUC. The issue of imperialism and mili tarism was practically tested in lowa in last year's election. On a normal division between the two parties in 1897 the republicans polled! for gov ernor 224,000 votes in the Hawkeye state. Two years later, in defense of the American policy of expansion, iliey polled l 2.1C,u00 votes, an increase of 12,000. In 1897 the democrats of lowa, in support of the regular prin ciples of the party as understood in that state, but without any reference to imperialism or militarism, polled 104,000 votes. Two years later, with t lie "paramount issue,''which the na tional convention has since adopted as an effective vote-getter, they polled 178,000 votes, 10,000 less. What makes the comparison of utility is the fol lowing: Both elections in lowa were for the same office, governor, and the candidates in both elections were the same, Shaw being the successful re publican nominee in both years, and White the unsuccessful democratic nominee in both years of comparison. —Ji. Y. Sun. THE DELICATE FLAVOR. I'ntqnr Method of a Frenrh Chef Who Made a Moil I'alulnble Salad. . At one of his famous little dinners a prom inent professional man of Washington was greatly pleased with the salad, as were also his guests. Evidently it was partly meat and partly vegetable, but the flavor was new, distinct and undeterminable. This was so faint that one guest declared: "It's not a taste at all; only a smell." At length some one suggested, says What to Eat, that the chef be asked for the recipe, upon which the host remarked: "My man greatly dislikes being asked for recipes. On this occasion, however, his van ity may overcome him if we tell how greatly we have enjoyed the dinner, and the salad in particular. At any rale, we'll see." The Frenchman soon appAred. and was visibly affected, not to say elated, by the compliments. "Eet gif me great plaisir," he said, "to tell how I mak ze sal-lad. Eet ver' seemple. I haf ze laitue jrrange ready, an' J haf ze meat chop vcr' fine an' dry; de celeri I haf chop ver' fine, and I haf ze pomine de terre, ze patate, an' stan' a leetle an' dry; zen 1 mix zem up. Zen 1 mak' ze dreesseng mayonnaise; madame, she know, i half all ver col' ready as ze feesh ees self. Zen as ze sal-lad ees to serf, I tak' une tete d'ail, pardonnez moi, one leetle eloaf of ze gar leek an' neeble him in ze mouth, so' an' breathe gentle, ver' gentle, on te sal-lad. Zat gif eet ze flaveur del'cat." Might Have Saved fSOO.OO if he had only tried Palmer's Lotion sooner. Mr. 1. J. Sullivan, of Terre Haute, Ind., wrote: "I cannot find language to express my approval of your Lotion. It has cured me of Pimples and Scrofula of the beard of thirteen years' standing, after spending over s'-'OO with different doctors without re lief." Palmer's Lotion Soap possesses all the medicinal properties of the Lotion arid in eases like the above is the only Soap lit to use on the face. Jf your druggist don't keep it, send his name to Solon Palmer, 374 Pearl St., New York, and receive free pamphlet of testimonials and sample of Lotion or Soap. The fact that money does not make the man seldom worries the man who is trying to make the money.—Puck. More Cheap Eirnrnlima to Colorado. Special Trains, one night out to Denver, Colorado Springs and Pueblo via the Great Rock Island Route, will leave Chicago Au gust 21, Sept. 4 and 18, at 4:45 p. in. On these dates excursion tickets from Chicago to Denver, Colorado Springs, Pueblo, Glen wood Springs, Salt Lake City and Ogden, Utah, will be sold at rate of one reguiarfare plus $2.00 for round trip, return limit Oct. 31, 1900. Tickets also good on regular trains. For full information, berth reservations and beautiful book "Colorado the Magnificent," sent free, addrew John Sebastian, G. P. A., Chicago. A light henrt is a blessing, except, perhaps, when it results from a light head.—Puck. There is no harm in the mighty dollar till it becomes almighty.—Ram's Horn. That Hoy Again.—"Papa," said little Wil lie Askitt. "Well, my son?" "In the days of kings and knights and nobles did they have to put postage stamps on their shirts of mail?" —Baltimore American. Don't lie afraid of a school teacher. A young man called on an Atchison school teacher, and, in explaining some previous neglect, said: "If I'd a knowed you wanted to went, I'd a came and took you." And she married him, in spite of it. —Atchison Globe. "Isn't it wonderful how a man's memory is stimulated as lie sinks for the third time, in drowning?" "Wonderful, indeed! I was just reading of a well-attested case of a poli tician who upon sinking that way actually remembered the pledges he had made to his constituents before election!" Detroit Journal. "This," said the modest young author, "is my idea of the perfect short story. 1 submit it for publication." "H'm!" replied the ed itor, glancing at the manuscript for the fiac tion of a minute and handing it back, "your idea is decidedly original. Good morning." —Philadelphia Press. According to the returns of the British board of agriculture there were only nine cases of rabies reported in 1899, whereas the corresponding numbers in 1896, 1897 and 1898 were 438, 155 and 17. respectively, in dogs alone, while in other animals no eases occurred in 1898 ur 1899, but in 1896 and 1897 the numbers were 22 and 36, respectively. Two more frescoes are about to be added to the interior of the Royal Exchange, Lon don, to commemorate the mayoralty of Sir Alfred .1. Newton. The subject of one paint ing is the sealing of the Magna Charta by King John, and is the work of Mr. Ernest Nonnand. The second pictures the presenta tion of doles of bread to the poor in the days of the great Dick Whittington. Mrs. .Nor fliand (Henrietta llae.i is the painter. I i AM'Qctr'blc Pi\ paiv.tion !'''rAs ~v ; simulating the Food andßegula- S j Lug the S toinachs and Dcwc Is of •p Promotes Digestion, Cheerfu- || ness andßest.Contains neither *sk Opium, Morphine nor Mineral. m Not Tslarc otic. m _ I! /leapeafOItIArSAMUELPITCHSR y ® Pumpkin Seed*- sflx.. Venn ft *■ /jKJ liixke'Lf Scltt— I pjKj W+' Vi * in Itfrtf*Semd- M Cfajtfifid Sugar rWE IfSt iorrjr+rn /laivr. ! jraj Aperfecl Remedy forConstipa- K«l Vion, Sour Stomach, Diarrhoea ® I Worms .Convulsions .Feverish- \?m [j ncss and Loss OF SLEEI". \M Ij Facsimile Signature of :j XKW YO1?K. H -<1 I EXACT COPY OF WRAPPER. Iffi I.iinr'a Family Medicine. Moves the bowels each day. In order tc be healthy this is necessary. Acts gently on. the liver'and kidneys. Cures sick head' ache, Price 20 and 00c. The story about a prisoner sealing a 25-foot wall isn't as ti»hy as it sounds. Probably the wall was built of rock fish.—Norristown Herald. KIDNEY TROUBLES OF WOMEN MUs Frederick's tetters Show How Sh# ItelU-d on Airs. Pinkham and Was Cured. j "Dear Mrs. Pinkham:—l have a J yellow, muddy complexion, feel tired j and have bearing down pains. Menses ' have not appeared for three months; i sometimes am troubled with a white i discharge. Also have kidney andblacfc j der trouble. 1 have been this way for a long- time; and feel so miserable I thought I would j write to you and see if you could do me | an .v good."—Miss Edna Frederick, [ Troy, Ohio, Aug. 6, 1899. " Dear Mrs. Pinkham : —I have used Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Com pound according to directions, and can say I have not felt so well for years as I do at present. Before taking your medicine a more miserable person you. never saw. I could not eat or sleep, and did not care to talk with any one. Now I feel so well I cannot be grateful enough to you for what you have done | for me."—Miss Edna Frederick, Troy, Ohio, Sept. 10, 1899. Backache Cured " Dear Mrs. Pinkham : —I write to thank you for the good Lydia E. Pink j ham'sVegetableCompoundbasdoneme. j It is the only medicine I have found | that helped me. I doctored with one of the best physicians in the city of New York, but received no benefit. I had been ailing for about sixteen years, was so weak and nervous that I could hardly walk ; had continued pain in my back and was troubled with leucorrhcea. -Menses were irregular and painful. Words cannot express the benefit I have derived from the use of your medicine. I heartily recommend it to all suffering women."— Mas. Mart Babshingeb, Windsor, Pa. fitting, economical w —. SS shoes lor progressive £3 men aro tho W. 1.. fy ** Douglas $3 and §3.59 LaA Pa shoes. I'erfect shoes JBHiM p* that hold their shape 1 aud fit until worn out. _SVt **"' 4 Over 1,000,000 satisfied jS&ms mi Si! J. '. .« do yon t0 T A \ \ss for slioos when you II ,2,, \c\V;tn buy W.L.Douglas If „ ,T- nr . X'Vshoes for s:{ and i< h A $5 SHOE FOR $3.50. A S4- 3KOE FOR S3. The roiil worth of oar S3 «n«l •h(M*a compared with other .nukeu l» M to 'S.'i. W« *te the large*! makers and retailer* of tnen'a s'{ and ♦ : shoes in the world. We make and ecll more 9 i nnd S3.AO ahoea thun auy other two maiiu- Xa'turern jh the Lnitc'l Stater- Having the largest $3 and t 30 shoe. business in the world, and a perfect system of manufacturing, cnaMte lie to produet higher grade oau shoes thau c-a be had rlsewherc. r r«l E K K \ SOX moreW.L.Douglas |3and S3.AO •hneaore sold thananvothcrmnke is heeauacl'M EY AKK TIIE BEST. Your dealer ehould keep , them i we give one dealer exclusive sale in each town. Tnke no Hiihatitut«»! Insist on having W. 1,. Douslas shoes v.ith name r nrl price stamped cm bottom. If your denier will net git them for you, send direct to fartorv, enclosing price and 2'c. extra for carriage. Ftate kind of leather, nizc, and width, plain or cap toe. Our fchuiH will reach you anywhere. Catalogue Free. W. L. DOUGLAS SHOE CO., Brockton, Mast, llnlul) UeH»ert<i C:i n be made with I'urnham's Hasty Jelly con. Delicious jellies from purest ingredi ents. Dissolve a package in hot water and | Bet away to cool. Get a package at your Grocer'* to-day. There are six flavors: ! orange, lemon, strawberry, raspberry, peach, j wild cherry and the unflavored "calf-afoot" | for making wine and coffee jellies. XM.INOIS FAIUIS FOB SALK IN IKACTS of 40 to. 4«U ACKES. (i. W. FITHIAN. NEWTON. ILL. For Infants and Children. - ■■■ S-Thg Kind You Have : Always Boyght Bears the / , Sigiiature^^^p fy Ja» In rft X Use \}f For Over Thirty Years TMC CINTAOR COMPANY. NCW YOKK CITY
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers