El =!!!:! Foreign News by the Cambria. SEVEN DAYS LATER yR4OI,EtIit,OPE I'm v. AmitAiltA L ,islOernitini 10. . . • The Cambria arrived at Boston oh Saturday morn ing. The'wires not working between Reston and' New York kept us in PhHadelphie'froni ieceioinj; the news until yesterday. ' POLITICAL SUMMARY.—In relation to the extradi- • ', ion of the Hungarian refuges from Turkey,.tho at titude assumed by. France and England has placed the Czar on-the Herbs of it Dilemma, and he having to other alternative thatito (lola or cense bullying has -chosen to pursue& more,'pacific course. It was repor ted in Paris, on the 25th of October, that the French Ambassador at St. Petersburg had forwarded de spatches to his government, intimating-a change in the 'determination of Rossia•as regards its disagree ment with Torliby. Upon the subject of extradition so far from forcing matters to extremities, Russia has expressed itself anxious to settle the dilterences quietly, :provided no warlike interference writ% threatened on th t c part of England. The same ru mor was prevalent at Vienna on the 21st., TORKBY.—The change of creed by Hem, Dettatid ski and others, is cotitirmel The English squadron has left the Aolribtic for the neighborlinnti of the Dardanelles, at the request of Sir Strnilford Canning.' An Austrian fleet, consisting of frigates and brig., is under sail for the Dardartelle. At Sebastpul there -was a Russian fleet of twenty-six vessels, anti only four hours sail from the mouth of the Bosphorus.— The Turkish fleet is anchored across the Bosphorus ut its narrowest point, to defend the passage.— The Turkish army in Wallachia, commanded by Oinar Pacha, hail been ordered hack to Constantin ople. A French fleet, cousiting of sixteen 'vessels of the line, t%vofrigates and steamers, with 8000 men and 600 guns,•is• under weigh fur the Dardan elles. The Deutsche Zsitnng has letters from Constan tinople_of the Bth rust., announcing the arrival in the Bosphorus of a British fleet of oh:cry:llion. A, salute of twenty guns waslired by tit. trusts in icn or of the'British Hag. AUSTIM—HUNGARY.••••it is said that llaynan has resigned his post, in comovence of the Emperor hat Mg ordered the exertion to be .topped. Ile cow .plained bitterly of his authority being disregarded by Ilose who shot Barfly:11)y, it Ii n tug been his ex - preh:: order that he should be banged. According to the reports from Pe-th. the crown of ILl:lvry is now in England, whether it was sent by Kossuth.— Szermere pxrcuted this commission fur Kwstitb. and this enptains the rumor-that Szermere had robbed Kossuth of his jewelry: en the afternoon , of the Wall inst. a courier arrived at Pesth from Vienna, _with orders to stop butcheries in that city. The 'organization of the Austrian army is going no with great activity. A nephew of the unformunte Bat la yany has been forced to enlist as private hussar iu nn Austrian regiment. Dembinski's sister and broth er-in-law were arested in Cracow on the 17th. They never interfered in politica. PRUSiSIA .—The Convention between the courts of Austria and Prussia, was ratified an the 13th instant et Vienna. The exchange of acts of ratification, took place on the day following, Winnethe John, announced his intention'of resigning his office as soon as the other German governments had as sembled at the Convention. One hundred and sixty officers of the Hungarian army are expected to ship themselves at Bremen for New Orleans. •Roars.—General Cucchi has resigruid his rank ai Lieutenant Genertil of Roman army, on the ground that he had engaged to servo a constitutional prince afill not an absolute government. Much exeile ment prevails in the city. Several young men have been - arrested for singing Marseilles Hymn in the streets. Instead of oinging, people now indulge in prose recitations. Pluculds with enormous letters of death to the infamous Priests—death to the Red Triumverste, cover the walls. Several attemps on the lives' of some French officers. NAPLcs Avn SIC/,.Y.—The violence of govern ment was on the increase. It was reported that a 'regicide association had teen discovered, in which 20,000 are imPlicated. An attempt to arrest the -prince of San Giacoinn, produced such an impression in Naples, that the Shop dors were all closed and city deserted. A special cmunission, selected from the Judges of various tribunals, has been appointed to try the hundreds and thousacds of political of .fenders by whom the,pristiners are now tilled. Two American 'frigate., the Independence and euttiberland were in port, under the command of CommOdore Morgan. FRANCI3.—The leading features in the week's de bate indite Assembly has been the adjourned /dis cussion cif - the-credits for the Roman expenditure, which it was thought would Involve the rerignati.n and change of the ministery of ,France. Eighteen of the June insurgents have been tried Miring the last few days at Lyons. Disturbances of a • serions nature took pltce Itheinis On the `4lst: Lord Normanhy has had frequent correspondents with.the President, ivhich has occasioned a jealously on the Tart of Tillers who says that the French honor, and Feelings are made subservient to foreigners. - M. 'De Persigney, who was sent to Vienna for the re 'cueing df Duc.De Beichstadt, to have them placed - along side those of Napoleon, has returned tinsuc• cessful—thel'mperor flately refusing. It is stated that the Sultan has granted-to Lamartine gratuit otisly, an intense tract of country sit mded in a fertile plain, within aft w hours journey of \Smyrna . ENGLAND.—Lord Dudley Stuart has published in the Daily News, alt appeal to the mothers, wives and daughters of England, calling on them to fur nish a home for ko.suth, and to extelid to him a wel come becoming the British race, a ho are the friends of freedom. • 'The lion. Abbott Lawrence, was Introduced to , the Queen at Windsor Castle, and presented hie; cre dential,. nothing cirirrtereat'occarng. The country is in ;the same* diatrattobstate. Ker. 'tiers and assassinations are prevalent. NOTLIINO THCF. ESUT--.CAL1F0P.1414. --- The Texas Gazette alludes as follows to the gold found in Wichita, in that Slate: , These descriptions of the Wichita gold tre more •glittering than those we-read in oriental history of the Oton-Tala, or sea of stars, at the source of 'Whanglo, in Thibet, - If one half elf those tales,, were true, the philosopher's stone would he no len •g,Or it desideratum, and our 'negotiable , notes would -bo-niade payable in eagles an I eaglets instead .cows and calves.. But, alas! a person wheat home knows the precise locality of these hidden treasures, tints, 111011 ping to the place, that they all vanish into air like enchanted castles. The Wichita pld, whenever gazed upon, as if touched by a magician's wand, Iraq the peculiar quality of becoming imme diately transmuted into (Mel. In short, it is noth ing but nn ignis firtus that , •leadA to bewilder, and dazzles to blind." We happen to know this, for we Irtnitthe.p/elsues of going all the way, under the scorching rays of summer sun, to have a peep at this gold: and when we nrrived at the place where it tone, we found it was not "tintr,"and nor person tt ho will find it there, - Mauna the aid of ;Idaho's lamp, is welcome to our hat. , • • Izis gold la all a ileptlog show, that throws (Web light 'won the cornea; • The, reeks above, tint (Wks below. al vtcnrut thine. deceitful glow; 'l,7bere's nothing true but—California. 'A runny Fv.t.t.ow.--A gentleman from Cincin nati, who hod just arrived in - California, writes to a friend, un'follows:— "1 could hardly sleep last night'for 'laughing. believe I got a snnose towards n.orning, but awoke laughing--everything was an decidedly and execs pively funny. I saw a Mormon boy near us in five ,minutes wash nut a pan full of earth from which lie got 84 worth of gild. H 9 puti hie hand in his pocket and pulled out a lump worth about El4o which he found twd how before. He had been there four weeks and bad washed dut aa high as ff 79 day.." Wise 'Pilimare, a daughter of.the Vice President wif the United. States, recently received an appoint. -went as tencherin one of the ppblic schools of Mir.' fain, and is now" acting in that capacity. flow striking an illustration of the synipathy of our re publican institutions!--Buff. Adv. • •A* a further "striking illustrationmithe,simplici -I v of our:• republican institutions," . the, Advertiser might have announced that a lirother of Mr Fill mere has received en appointment as lighthouse keeper, end thet a nephew of Mr Fillmore has received' an 'lstipstiostment its the itelitstt department, and 'that a atuFin at Mr Fillmrite has also received an appqint 'mem of lighthouse keeper, all in this etate.;—Detroit Pregs Interesting from New Mexico. From the National . . ;\ We have beep favored with e copy of, the follow' ins interesting letter to the Chief of the Topographi %calltureatt: SANTA Pie, Nnw Mnrio t Sept. 28, 1849. .Si; On the 14th of Auguatli hal the honor ,to submit my maps and report of the route from Fort Smith to Santa Fe; and also to enclose an order .from Lieutenant Colonel Washington, commanding" this department, directing me to accompany him in an expedition to the Navajoe country. This expe dition has been effected,. awl, as:l think, with im 'portant results. A treaty has been made by which the Navajees acknowledge the right of the govern, moot of the United States to establish military posts, 'lndian 'agentiOs, and trading houses among thetn;, nix and mark boundaries between themselves and others; interfese-in andscontrol of their political relations with neighboring tribes; and in -general exercise all that losterieg care which it has been in 'thehahltot. exercising ton tads the Indian tribes bordering the States. Io addition to this, aknowl e of the country has been obtained in regrrid to friertlitiessvontes, Mountain passes, geologicallorma- Ilona, soil, 'timber, plants, ancient ruins, end ancient inscriptions which cannot but be ttf the highest value to geography and history. The expedition consisted of artillery and i . .fantry, '(regulars,) volunteers, Poehlti and Mexican militia, and, ineinsive of employee.; in the rioarterimater's department, numbered probably about four hundred men. It started from here on the, t Gth of August. and returned on the 26th of September. • The route taken •Wlts hence autt!hwarilly, via Santa Domingo, to Laney.; and theixe, in general terms, north of west, over and through a series of arroyas, canons, mesas, and mountain passes—localities and names unknown to scienrai--to the mouth of the renowned canon of Chain°, (pronounced Chity-e.) the termina tion °lour march westward, and the place where the treaty was negotiated. The return route lay more southward's, and wits by the way of the Pue blos of 'Zuni and . Lagu tut to Albuquerque, and thence to this place! The whole distance to the month of the canon of Chaille front Santa Pe was, by the out ward -route, 979 miles; by 'the return route, 307 mites. Total length of march, 586 miles. All along the route we met with objects of inter est: but what probably excited more than anything else, was a series of ruins in the canon of Chacco, which, doubtless, from their locality, appearance, and numbers, are the veritable remains 'of the Aztecs of the 12th century; the locality of which, en the authority of some of the maps, Humboldt has' ascribed to the-vicinage of the, very spot where they were found. These ruins are of an exceedingly in terestink-charaeter, both on account of the mechan- ical skill and taste which they display, and of the undoubted evitlettee which they furnish of -having been erected at a very remote period. The Indiana of the present day know nothing of them, except that, according to tradition, they were once inhabi ted by a people which came from the horth; that Montezuma W. 113 'the governor of this people; and that after liviu n here for a period, they dispersed— some east wardly towards the Rio Grande, and others southwardly towards the city of Mexico. Hach pueblo is a single structure, covering - in some instances as much as two acres in extent; dis covering in places, by the still standing walls, four stories in height, and containing as many as three andlour hundred rooms. The main waits, plain surfaces throughout their whole extent, on the ex terior, arc very nearly three -feet thick at base, and retreat on thelinside by a series of stuali.jogs from bottom to top; thus lessening the thickness gradu ally from the bottom upwards. The whole struc ture is built of a beautifully compact lamellar sand stone; tin: inner portion of this kind of stone, and of clay aorta r• and the outer portion faced with pieces of rectangul ar ' exact ness, nd so thin th. t three inch es may be considered as their maximum thickness, and three quarters of an inch their least. The gen eral appearance of the face of the building, at a lit ' tle distance otr, is that of a magnificent piece of mo saic work. Another object of interest which the expedition ha enabled us to see, was the far-famed canon of Cha ille, which has ever been regarded'as the stronghold of theNavujoes, on account of the immense depth and Macessibility of its walls, and the impreg,nubM fore which it was said to contain. The idea of the existence of the fort we are now enabled to explOde; the security which it is capable of ~,, to the Navejoes, we find has been overrated; leityttie depth• and sublimity — of the Canon, no fur from having been ton vreally magnified, we are now tre/to scknowl edge, very mock surpassed our expectations. This canon will be regarded us ono of/he prime objects of curiosity our country affiirds, and will ever com mand the attention of the geologist and tourist. A third obiect of interest which the expedition has brought I) light,- is the exis:ence of a rock, of inagnificont proportions aid of fair surface, upOn which were found inscribed, in some instances, id beautiful and deeply engraven characters, thetiames of a number of persons of raids and of distinctium4n connexion with the dates of their passing by the lo- cality; and some other incidental allusions to occu pation and history. One of these dates reaches back as far as WOG, and there are a number of oth ers in this'and the succeeding century. It is not at all improbable that these inscriptions may be found of value in the s uggestion or establisinent of some point or points in nor history, and as such are to be regarded with attention and interest. 'for similes of all these inscriptions I have had token, as well as drawings made of every important object of 'lmmo curiosity, and plans and dra wings made of all the principal ruins which have come under our observation. A fit't map. giving all the.positions of our several catrips,latitudinally and longitudinally, the accidents of gronnil, the locatitiea of the several objects al in terest and curiosity, as well as a full report of the route, ruins and •inscriptions, to be illustrated by sketches token on the spot. I hope to be able to tur nish•for•the use of the gmernment in the Cqurso of one or•two menthe. Another matter of interest which has been volved by the expediting, and which I have come near for getting,`but Which probably stands foremost in point of value, is the belief that we have hit upon a mid= die route between the southern detour made by Col. Cooke, from Santa Fe, and the northern one,'called the Spatthill traillroute, said to be equallylong. is very-certain, that from Santa Fe, to Zuni, a dis tance oft:ear two hundred miles, rind in en , almost direct courso to the city of the Angels, we traversed a well watered, well wooded, and pastured route, which with very little labor, can be made an excel lent wagon road. And our guide, Carravalial, in formed me that from Zuni, which stands upon the Rio Zuni a tributary of the Coldrado, running gen orally a tlirect'western course to the Colorado, and which lio.hits followed down to its mouth, from VAII. Into the Colorad ), by the way of Rio Zuni, the road is equally precticable for wagons, and abounds in the nocessary'rptantum of wood, geass and water.— If so, and the route can be us favorably extended from the Colorado westward to the Pacific, of tAtich I have very little doubt, there is no question but that a wagon mite hes been obtained which cannot but shorten the distance to Sari Francisco at least from three to four hundred miles, if not more. 1 had with me in the expedition, to assist me in my duties, the two brothers Kern, both of Whom were with Col Fremont in his last expedition. And it was fortunate that my party was so 'constituted; for with them I was enubied to keep up the tiapootr rary-of the route pursued by the troops!, and at the sare time , separate myself for one and two days to ether 6om the command, to explore the ruins and remains Of which I have already mademetition. Enclosed I have OM honor gulorward tvcopy of anlnrder this day received 'from •Colonel Washing 101i. The recontioisance which this order requires wi I probably emplopme:fer ten or twelve days; but in:the mean time, my assistants'will continue to be engaged upon the maps and drawings of theexpedi tion of which I have already made a cursory report.' am, sir, very respectfully, your obst.serv't. J. 11. SIMPSON, • Ast Lieut. corps Top - . Engineers. C 1. 3.1. A BEIM Chief of Corps of 'Top.'Ennineers, Was:b. 1 P:41.0179T.—A Baltimorean, who left home .-on . busis nesi a few days since, returned borne oho night sootier thin was- expected. and was horrified, on entering his wife's- chamber ?, to find another person In lied with her. Al'tlio Othello in hint was aroused, 'and he bent the In fruiter unmercifully before he discovered that it was his ultes sister.' . . • l'wo young Indians from (ho 'Onondaga tribe, h a ve beim received into the preparatory .department of the Nis , York Central College. Crit; i)3.?1t1,.4...01)5trutr. En lE. A. SATURDAY- AIOIIpING. ,NOVEP.IBER 17 1849. PITTSBURG AND ERIE RAILROAD.—We aro pleased to Moo that this project is receivoil with favor by tho people along tho proposed route. Meetings. embra ciug much of tho entorprize and wealth of thekounties or Mercer and Lawrence, hero beou held, and abundant assurances given that we shall, a no distant day, say within Oil liro of the charter ; have Railroad connection' with the .illio at Pittsburgh. Tho l proceedings of theme winking, tre , svould purplish with pleasure, as requested. 'but as it has happened that they hove appeared in all three of oar eotomporaries before thercame under Our notice. 1 wo deem it quite unnecessary to fill our columns with matter that has already obtained such publicity. Our friends in those counties can rest asSured. however, that Illm moasuro will find a warm advocacy at our hands.— We-believe t h e road can be built, and will bo built, nett that it.liko alltailroada, will prove a pprofitabto invest mient for capital, and or great benefit to tho region of , eepuntry through which it will be located. , lOUlSLAki:ltgrUllitiTtS TAYLOTl—Lotairt •naje redeomedl Taylor's beam State has wheeled into line with the half dozen other States tliat :aided to'place him in dm:Executive c h air. but have since repudiated his Administration. BY telegraph we learn that Louis iana has given a 'round 'democratic majority of , Two Thousand Flirts numb od, 'electing a democratic qcworn or, &v., Ar..c. Viiireis' the "unkindest at of all." As the whig papers aro so profuse in their commendations of the Administration and rely with such couradmice upon Gal. Taylor's popularity to carry it through in the last extremity. when nothing olso can save it. we trust they will give the, result in Louisiana their immediate atten tion and let us have the benefit of an explanation from each and every one of damn. ALL that. Loutsaxrasi .M ICU [GAN RIG Ii T. 7 -The Do tnocracy of Michigan kayo covorod themsolves ,with glory. Thinking to on trap a sufficient nueabor of bomocrats teisocuro his elec tion, the whigs nominated a notorious radical Domocra lc fro° Boiler, named Littlejohn, and wont it blind for spoils and victory. They "could'ut coma In," howoYer, as big John Barry heat Mr. Littlejohn clour out of his boots! Majority from 4000 to 6000! WISCONSIN RIGHT TOO!—Following upon the track of Michigan. Young Wisconsin }Ma made a gallant charge upon the Taylor camp. and elected the Demo-' erotic State ticket by a majority ranging from VOUIL TO 'YE% THOUSAND, and increased our majorities - in the Legislature, Tho Milwaukee Commercial Arkerthrer says: "It is impo,sible to conceive a More overWhol rv.ing rebuke to the whit clique slid its abolition coadju -mrs than this. They have pursued the Domodratic cans, kiillatos with the bisects calumny—reiterated the most groundless charges against some, and in the entire eh sauce of all specific el 'sties, kayo resorted to still baser weapons—personal dis eirogunient." NEW JERSEY A/NIOST RIGHT.=The Newark Daily ihkerliscr givevtku fullowir4l us the roe It of (ho election for tho Legislotore in that Stith,: 7'l l . sem l te comprises nineteen in 'tonere. of ir(nich the wI igs have len—just a minority. In the Douai+, of fifty-eight mem bers, the whigs have hirty.throo, including the Passaic Assemblymen, who wero elected on Union tic obi, ono being an old whig member, and dio other Said to bo a wing—which gives a majority of uino on joint ballot.— 'Flo whig majority on joint ballot )ast year was twenty five—viii five lathe Sonate—flouse twenty. The pop. tiler vote is decidedly Democratic. It is in this manner toot the whig State of Now Jersey sustains the proscrip tive administration' ', left' NE%V YORK Jcracy ofthe -State wo had rea -1 son to anticipate last week. his l tead cot being routed horso, foot and dragoons, as we thou supposed wo were, tho battle appears to be a drawn ore—neither party hay jug much to crow over. Had tho j union boon complete in the city, there would not have heen ft vostagoot whig ory loft in Alm State. As it wiat, the ticket appears to 'have been cut by both Om Hunkers and Barnburnors to such an extant that it did not receive as largo a vote as Gen. Cass. last fall. TllO highosit Whig 'will not hove' two , thousand majority in the State, and it is very proba ble that three and possibly four of tho eight State officers elected aro Democrats. Tho Legislaturo is .probably Whig on joint ballot by a enroll majority-, _ _ _ • P. S., The Buffalo Courier of of Thursday says; "The result in Delewaro county, where', we have a majority of ZOO. Ridetres tho oloetion of Slersrs. Jowitt, Chatfield Follett. and Clark, the domocrtic candidates for Judgo o' the Court of Appeals, Attorney Goners], Canal Commis- Blotter, and States of Poison Inspector, being that portion of the ticket which was supportod by thu Anli•Renters, end thus thrown ahead of the residue.". MASSACHUSETTS.—As the old darkie said, ^blessed ainilent as 'spects notliu, for they sha'nt bo dis eppointed,“ so we ore not disappointed in old blue light, Federal Massachusetts. - It has gone wing as us ual; though the Governor failsof an election by 1200.- Inroietted by tho Legislature, which is.whig of ccranni, She isjoined 'to her idols—lot her go: • VIRGINIA.—The simeial Woollen for a member of Congress,to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of H ar i. A. Newman, hi said to have resulted in the choice of a Whig. If so. it is a Whig gitist. MISSISSIPPI SPEAllf.S.—MississipprhaS edded'her yokel° the general condemnation of the Administra tion! The gallant General Quitman ie elected Govern or bee involving majotity, and the telegraph. which nov erreports*Dernacrtitic gains except When compelled to, says we have elected all the members of Congress. which Is a gain of owe.' GoNE TO CALITORirA.—Carit. Wm' W. Dobbins. of this city. left on Tuesdailist for California., Ho has al ready a brother there, and as there aro quite a number of-ctio trio•boye beside, in that cormtrk, he-will be quite at home in that far-off land. Success attend them all. REWARDED AT LAAT.-41011.,WALTER PORWARD, l L ie said, hos meoitied his reward at Inst.—that is, irthe cab inet noes trot think bettor Orit 'before his commission is mndo OM. 'as 'they ilid in two other instances. after the General had signified his 'determination to give tirn crumb. ' He ir now sold to have' received tho eppoint• wont of Charge to Denmark. No refer the render to an interesting letter from Lieut. §norsorr, for A numbrr of years stationed in this city, from Santa to. Elie numorons friends will road it with pleasure. ' D"' We do wish the "Metropolis" would come regu lar every week, or stay away altogether. We got ono about once a month, which is just enough to set our tooth omen edge for the nest number,, when lot it comes up mussing. We have cut out a number of its continued articles for publication. but never' Imo been fortunate enough le get the whole of any of them. For instance . . "The Wtitehman's Story." was deeply h interesttitg, and w e cal c ulat e dly topy it, but never got= bdt two parts. Can the• Editor send us the ballance? . "O'NOT Welall • Dou.sn,"--The nowe from therm- Hrttory Daniel . Webster said ago; "not worth a dollar," brought bythe Empire City, will be iliund .deeply inter esting. 13esides the one milion of reflttationa of 'the "'Clod-liko's" sage seisertitin quoted above. the political mews cahnet but be gratifying to all. It cattle, • the long 'mooted question ',as to slavery, and gives assurance that ihirand of domagoguelsm is nigh. . . . ~ i Tatilicsatarna.—The GoVernore of the thirteenth/ilk •and the Mayor of Washington City. have act apart natty cf thanksgiving. In New liontpshiro sad North Caroli na it was fixed for the 15th inst..and in Maino,Vorinount, Massachusetts, Rhode Jeland,' Connecticut, New York, N o w him', Porney/vanio, Maryland, Ohio, and WOOS ington City, fo the 29th inst. In Florida It was b o ld on tho let inst. { 11= Wo wore no little amused lately With en article of one of our uhig cotainporarles, under the imposing head of "TarifT Facts," in which the writer gosi on to argue. in the gravest "snooper Imaginable. that if we had n tea', high enough—that le. a sprotecitve tariff'," like that of wo presume"—we should build up'"in every-calmly in the Union." a' second "Lowell. 'Om 'great Minorite turing city of Massachusetts;" and thus. tho farmers of every county would have a "home.rnarket".liko that of the aforesaid Lowell, which, ho says,"atinually consumes thirty-six thousand barrels of flour" besides "more than one million pounds of starch, equal to 5,000 more bar rots" of {ho Caine commodity. "Add thdroto," ho Con tinuos, "the quantity of beef, pork,: lard; poultry, butter, eggs; fruits and vegetables consumed by a •poputation of 35.00050u15. and we can form awesilmato'of tho advan tage it would ho, to farmers to have such a market in every county in the Union." Presuming all this is put forth in sober earnost—that tho writer really and candid ly intended it as "Ttirill Facts,"L-we cannot do less than trout it in the same candid manner. Tho first in quiry, then, that arrises to our mind is, where the popu letion is to come front to build up these second "Lowell. in every county 111 the 4/Moe—front what source the la borers aro terepriug, to compose a body of "35,000 souls," all -consumers? According to Wstr.say, ono of the clearest and best writers, on political economy iu tho country, "Legislation of"-the kind advocated by our co temporary, "cannot increase the !tcual number of labor ers The number of laborers:is 'to the number of inhab itants. Legislation has never boon supposod to havo any power to create men." It being evident, therefore, that "protective" laws do not furnish la Solution to this inqui ry by "meting," we must look further for the source from whence this writer is •to procure his "35,000 souls" to populato a manufacturing city "in : evorannty in the Union," and thus create a "home market," Ho may say that "protective"-laws will induce laborers to como from other countrios. But is this - so? Do such haws govern immigration] The best answer to this, may be found iu thu fact that immigration is now more numerous, under a revenue tariff. than it was under the protective laws of '42 and that iminedistoly proceeding Clay's compromise bill. The deficit, therefore, cannot be sup plied front this source; and hence the only reSOUTCO loft is other branches of industry. To roduco the effect de sired by our cotemporary, other bra mites of industry must contributo a proportion of their manther—how much of a proportion the reader will very readily understand by considering the number of counties in tlio Union,. and then taking it for granted that each county is to contain a manufacturing city like Lowell. Wo think, after ma king this calculation, all will agree that our cotempora rio's "Tariff' Filets" are somewhat fallacious, if ,his vilob) Hcbeino is not actual an. But again, our COIOIII tln buittliug, up of mantic if built up by stimulating. of '42, tend to calumet) till mediate vicinity, and faith, this tio? if it, k, why WWI lower tinder the bill of very seneibly when the . tari marketing was much ch doubt much whether the b from giving milk, or hen: from laying eggs. But the whole argument is proved fallacious from the fact - that, in Pittsburgh, The greatest manufacturing city in the West, “flour, beef, }writ, ard, poultry, butter, eggs, fruits and vegetables." too .rtuch fuser than they aro in our own markt.), vithst*,ma tufacturinp, does not exist to any considerable extent7pr. it - if well known that all kinds of produce is touch higlicrlloAe than it is at Bu ff alo, Cloveland or any of our lal e cities; whoreas, wore tho theory of this writer 'true, tf l iey ought to ho much lower, because our manufacturing population is not as large as either of them. But againt after having created, on pa per, a manufacturing city of "35,000 Houl os " in *•every canary in the Union," the writer then says: • "Instead of sending to England for our manufactures, we 'would thou have thorn at our floors, and instead of seeking iu England a market for our flour only, wo would have at home ti niarkot for every product of the farm.— By' this the farmer would savadiot only the cost of trans portinghis flour to market, but :tlio charges 'of - tlio com mission merchant and profits of the speculator. • Besides this, ho would keep at home the immeuso sums of specie annually sent across the Atlantic to ply for our importa tions—for bo it remembered, our exportations of dour do not pay for our importations of manufactures; and the balanco must ho paid iu specie." The first of this argument depends upon the creation ofthettwainfactarinz•citios-of "35,003 smiles" in "every con My' ink Union,"land us wo have shown pretty clearly, wo think, that such creation is impossible, it ne cessarily fella to the gretind, consequently it is not ne cessary to examine it. The next, however—that the "far mer would save not only th 4 cost oitranoorting kisflour 1 1 , to markt) , but the ,. charges of the commission merchant. and profi a of the speculator"—is tho most profound prop osition in olitieal economy, wo think, we ever saw. It is certain v a new idea'that the man who raises a thou 'send bus ors of wheat and takes it to Now York, or a market, ays the "transportation, charges of the commis sion merchant, and profits of tho speculator" who buys it—instead of trio consumer who purchases it at retail of the speculator. Such a Consumer would certainly bo a lucky dog; and would soon get rich, while the poor fer nier, we opine, would go home with loss in his pocket than when he started. We rather think the author of this strange proposition would find that, shonid ho pur chase a hogshead of sugar, the cost of "transportation," die "charges of the commission merchant," and 'the "profits of the speculator," all would come out of his pocket, instead of that of the sugar planter in Lonisinna. But it is useless to argue this point—tho fact is coif evi dent that it is the consnmer, and not the producer of n given product, that pays the charges cosequont upon its delivery at his door. •Hero, then, is another "Tariff Fact," which is nothing more nor less than a ft - 111aq.— Amid it is not the last of its kind either, for what but a fallacy is the assertion immediately following it that wo aro annually , drained of an "immense &um, of specie" "to pay for our importations." For rho year 1848, ced ing... Juno 30th, a year not of famine in Europe, but of abundant crops, our exportations excezded our imporia lione by the sum of $2,713,6971 The idea held out by this writer, that we export nothing but flour, is also a fallacy. Our exports inclndo cotton, rice, tobicco, corn, meal, and ail kinds of prolUsions, as teal as flour. Tho "Tariff Fact" implied, if not actually advocated by this writer,•that to become wealthy we, as a nation, ought to buy nothing abroad, and consequently soft nething,—for we cannot sell where wo will not buy,--.is also another fallacy. No nation can become wealthy without produ cing mere than iVeonsuntes. If wo buy of no one, we sell to no one, consequently we will not produce more than we exchango at hotno with the manufacturer for what Ito produces; and Is t the manufacturer consumes what rho producer raise and Oro producer - wears out what tho manufacturerAnOkes, the whole community, in the end, aro tio bettor olf than they were at the com mencement. Thin doctrine, stripped of tho•garments thrown about it. In the shape of "Tariff Facts," is noth ing more nor less than to assert, (to use the language of the author wo have already quoted) "that the wealth of a nation is the result of its consumption, and not of its production"-that tho hand of the prodigal, and not that IA the diligent; makoth rich, and thatimiustry and fru gality are the sources not of wealth, but of poverty." 'But we have said enough, we presume, to show that what thd advocates of high duties pat forth as "Facts,"• aro not Such, but fallacies of the thinnest kind. , 0, Tug lhorrg.—The Editor of the Carlisle Democrat, says, "Licking a wife under certain circumstances may be excusable." 0. the bruto. to talluof excusing a man for licking his wife under any circumstances! We hope his better-half will lick him, under - all circumstances, until he -repudiates such heathenish doctrine. ErWo,learn from the Gazelle that tho merchants of this city I ave agreed to close their stores at 8 o'clock in the eveni g. This I. a goOd move, and if it could be followed 'clearing the streets at a mach earlier hour. of the sco'• of saucy. rowdy. half-grownboys, that infest Thom, the rovonsont Would be €omploto. Ily hordoring upon tho Utopi porary takes it for granted that muting towns, and especially r"protoetivo" laws lilts that prico of produce in their im ed all over the country : la all 'Linda of produce much an it is now. We rocolleet of '42 was in existence, our ,per than now, and yet we of '46 has prevented cows WONDERFUL Diovor EltY. wonderful dierverr. with lb rnercial. we preempt', that provoking irre'gularities iu lb Hobble, who has been Ist A al for the last 25 years. is r. good democrat. Isn't this a Major Hobble is' tho head o has no more to do with the Editor of the Gazette—not a tle strange that if Major tiob should not have boon irregul. Editors inwn't manhood too say they want:his place to re a-Whig, and honco they ado ing policy of accusing him o be guilty, if ho would; and upon - the bungling Woad of it Department. Will bomobo medal, •fitantifactured from bag: A Ituteen.--Ono of tho m. serpent upon the near appro! Congress, is to tho affect tin hers of h Congrees, of both p, though moderato Free Sail' on the members of the Leg convouod in Deceruber—th muting to Congrova a form I to' h er of that portion of tho the originally ceded to the object of this movornont is. ( jeetof slavery in tho distric By taking from Congress a fruitful theme of sectional I and , an untold amount of tir in tho transaction of public of success lies in the no-pa ter of its origin." NOT ALON E.—Wo are ur embarrassed by our subserd their dues. for instance, which boosts plains in good round terms ling:tents. It says: "Del tho vitul importance to our sum which, composed of should be in our hands to of our ustublishment, you %I duty, so seriously incenvet, feti . gably. and cheerfully Now, we supposed our city subscribers, 'lived like a pi what it was to be entharra•, contingent expenses of" principle, wo suppose, ‘.l` shall feel more contented subscribers, as well as Itis over." Gonstv's LAW% BOOK. in embellishments and coj "Secret," and .•Tlit , Gew sotint.,‘, and a spirited ltkel for the Election," is a spi a story by T. S. Arthur. smaller engravings of lac( dresses; cottages, W. Gilmore Simms. Min Greenwood, Mrs. Oultes.l ull of which will amply soon enter its fortieth troll fection an it can be. L. For $3 50, however, wo Observer for ono year. as the volume commence Chem aro besides a number of and crotchet work, fashions, e., &e There are articles by s Leslie, Mrs-Osgood. Grace , Smith and 'warty fifty others, • ppy perwial. Tho "Book will ino, and is'now a 5 near per- A. Godey, Philadelphia, $3. will furnish the Book and the 'ow is a good time to subser,be, a in January. Ihingten correspondent of eie "1 would suggest to those who formia soomthat they wilt be am r departure until after the Prosi ports of the Secretaries are given elm a flood of light on the affairs ern that information of the most possession of the Government • ago the plaus- of California and 1101,u os.—'rho Wa New York Courier nays: contemplate going to Cal ply paid by delaying the den's mossago, and the tothe public as they will ot i the Pacific coast. important character is Which will materially chl Oregon adventurers." ho New York Tribune gives an I - these tiro disting,uished whip TAYLOR YR. BOTTS,- acount of the meeting at Baltimore, as follows "Mr. Botts said:—' tion because Harry Cl ercsidoney.' •1 don't r plied the General, 1 was an ignorant old n which may be' very oVorybOdv know IL' " I etteretl,l cppesed your notninft y was my first choico for the ed fault with :,ou, Sir, for that.' t you kept telling-the peoplo that an, and not fit for the'Presideney, but ) don't think von should let .Nor We yithoi thQf tough, We imagine, vote (or him, withou cLbas been found out full soon those who were green enough tho aid of 'Lats. Tho Commerrii. lT says, "Gen. Ta)lor never bias !plane language." This is cer those parts, and loads oue natu it was that told Capt. Bragg to grape," and then, witnessing the a the "Cortainites," joyfully ex give 'em hell. d—d 'em." 'give h--11, d---4 'ern" cries of Taylorisin a little over a imm—nover uses p rlinty nows to many in lly to enquire who- ' give 'em a little morn u Met tiro grape had up c aimed, "that's, right, we recollect right this ' ems ono of the partizal )lear ago. Wtto•ts 110—Some ho Gon. Bowman, c mild think they woul formal introduction baa a very •rough hnsolfi. and although odc, according to dra idont that the haplo not) thus, will not 800 I of the Whig papers want to know the Bedford. Gazette, is? We ;. know hint by this time without tho hands of his cotempotaries. lid ready" faculty of introducing he•manner is not altogether ala 1 ving-room etiquette, it is pretty whigiing who forms his acquaint * forgot him. • Raw A ItDED.—Tayle m l ernbers of Congress. Crawford, whOtould party last fall, has ree di or in the Treasury appearsio bo partial to repudiated Wo so that J. W. rarrelly, of dt goi a ro-nominntion from his ived the; appointment of Gth Au eportment. HZZfftt VETRIK !s, Esq., late Deputy Socretayy of id recently Superintendent of the Inclined Plane, died at tho dolphin, oh Thursday morning of ,cap of but three or Min. days. the Commonwealth a State road to avoid th chant's Hotel. in Phil. MA week, after an ilh Pq. shell make hone! penstibloprerequeitos absence of either of th; ciont cause for remove .ty, capability ; and fidelity, iodis e the bestowal of office; and the se qualities shall be deemed sufli l.—Tagioes Inaugural. Joszprit Jusr.cr , S Trenton. reitiored by i Mercer county. N. J.. Taylor. last fail. 583 Tarytor pledges. • Mr. of blillcreek. n., late Postmestor of the city of t• on. Taylor, was elected Sheriff of by 53 majority. The county gave tijoilty. A good commentary on . is a brother of Mr. John Justice EXCEEDINGLY SMAL Wall a flourish of tilt' ghony county balm to per, Esq, this editor of prosecution raises ob sporebinande during was reported by P. ; by Mr. Harper a card POTATOKS.—WO gOO it announced' pets, that the grand jury of Alio aid a truo bill against Lecky Har m Morning Post, for libel. This of the report of General Taylor's is visit to that city. The speech i : Templeton, and Was prondunced 1 atur o and a forgery. —A whig exchnnge says the Iron s to ho in a flourishing condition. is growing very fast. Some thirty a persons constantly arrivo to Or 1, to ho 26 miles long, has been A miles ate under contract, which 10 feet. Tito town corporation of -a believe, to those mechanics who itt any britnch, upon the ground. A ••TARIFT 'Piker' region of Ohio appoa The town of Frotiton houses aro going dp, .. 1 chaso lots." A 'Karon commenced, and save induclea a tunnel of 1 1 fere lots•gratuitomly, will manufacture iron A single men is eis tho free, unbridled,ho over-worked donlimi t ! Well, that sounds can't help inquiring • prdirio" would come ovor-worked Jonkoyl 'easily told from the marriod one as zo of the prairio is from the poor Carefte. Inning fine fora bachelor; but one •• hero the "frce, unbridled bona of frorn, if it were not for ibo "poor ITIso Gazelle has made the I help Of the Buffalo Com te reason of "the fr,quvnt 'nails," is becausa Major i i.istant Post ftlasfrr Geni t !Wined—Abe Major being- n wonderful discovery truly! j the contract Bureau. and let i very of mails, than the it! Besides, is it not a lit io was the cause, the mails r before? The fact is. these qh to boldly come out and -ard some,Fitz-Warren-of t the underhanded snook that of which ho could not which is justly chargeable at now bunglingly managed y send them both a leather the butt and of nn old mail- ny rumors now afloat, con. Lelt of Om normal session-of ^t •'amerel•prominont room nice, including u loading, , from the West, aro urging slaturo of Maryland—to be propriety of Maryland pro- I request, for tho re-cmion district of Columbia, which Federal Government. The o removo the agitating sub from tho national councils. his care and rosponsibility, oxasporation will be silenced, le and heart buntings saved rusinei.!i. The host prospect tv, or rather all-party ammo- aioDe. n wears, in being cr's neglect to pay promptly is Model American Courier, is 60,000 subscribers, coin of the injustice done it by de. i mplant Reader, if you knew comfort, not luxury, of the Lours end others' pittances, root the contingent expanses i .ould - not, by neglectnintr, your ioneo us, who labor so Mt:- If instruct and amuse you." colomporary. with his 60,000 g in clover," and never knew od for menus to `•meet tho is "establishment ." 011 111t1 niiin misery loving cony," wo I hereafter, trml:»g that -tld will talus tho hint en "foric \ ! , I ,;,:ir December, is tins:mat ,;:: rich Lacks. Tho former are the Rebuke," two beantiful tnez ess of Mrs, Jos. C. Neal,"Af- ed wood cut, in illustration of ALL SORTS OF PARAGRAPHS FANNI FORIKSTER his all Other • •bird' • in her "Indisa nest." and at the Inst areoula4 was (I,,ing lEr The Reading Cotton Factory II to go on. Yho corn. 'puny will be orgeniied on the 17th, and the work will Vo commenced this winter. TT The, Queon r of Naples has bean delivered Ef a pi n _ etas, who boa been batized by Pius IX. Ildr names number thirty-two. ID' Pleading al the Bar. A loafer trying to Persuade a knight of tho toddy-stick to trust hint for a three eta t "nip" Er The first dirorce in Minefins territory• has in,tbe tn made by tiro !Agit;lawns—that of Lowis Lararmnio from Wa-kan-yo-ke-wing. an Indian woman.' (La' When a ratan beeontes attached to a'woinan who iN greatly his superior, it is no longer said that he fell is love; but that ho- climbed up in lave. Er Fireman's T;iz C u pidl7 end his torch—the only ineendiai y that can kindle a fltitOo which tho ongine, cannot quench. ELT Nino tnilea in' twclve minutes have been accom plished on the Hudson River Railroad. The tram fur Peekskill now stArt front Canal street. N. Y. fLP The ;antenna of death pasee,il iu Canada, on Lewis Macs, for rape, has been cotumuted to imprisontnent for life. A majority of the Goverturient are apposed to cap. hal punishment. re Two citizens of St. LOl.llll wero about fighting a du el a few days since, but the wounded honors of the com batants were healed beibre Any damage was done. The green-eyed monster is said to have 'instigated The • (1 - 3' A Yhig writor says that it sometimes seems to him as if he had a,dim recollection of- having existod on globe at some former period. Very likely—ho probably 'existed as one of the tories of 17 I 6 . Err The Winchester ItepuGlicais tell, of a lilac duld at that town, which having strayed away front its tme, was found in the yard, pleasantly engaged in tickling with aiiwitch a very savage looking snake. ,: -- l -- Cr "The most dangerous kind f a bat that hies at ti4i,; is a brick bat." So soliloquize the editor of the 1, 00 ,.. ?I f vile Journal, as, returning fro a midnight debauch, he found his head too heavy for hi heels. j i In' The New Orleans Courier given an amusing de scription of a "Whig" barbecue lately held'in that city. i "The noise and confusion" we e intense; all occasion ed, of courso, by the overflow o lined spirits. [Er Nerer say die. An English paper has the followin: "Neither birth, marriage, sicil l nekis nor seasofs, art known to editors in this country; death itself is do apol ogy. They may die, but the paper must rime tut." irr Worse and more of: it. Thu Spirit of the Times Rare "During the month of October last, Gayer or Johnstoa pardoned serer of tho rift - ors l a tely convicted Does tho Net require a commentary 'i Er II Him Again. The Lorhlon Ifenil4l c• tad States "the non-r-h o gioun Ton." The thinks to become a "religions nation" we Groat gritain, and hare itspioirs estahlishm:, its crushed masses, its Ireland. and India GU" hem larnal Turk. It is rather a reversl tunes 0f..13em that ho should hire renounce! ity and turned Moslem. : To Faye his life he his faith, and to save his head ho has becoi with three tails! su. Blackwood's Magazine has reason why the Canadians are' dn.contented "they havo nothing in their pockets, and what ia,wom, they are afraid if they go on much longer as they are de ing, they will POODba without pocketa tom" IT A' preposition has been sbrnitted to the Kentucky Convetifion, having for its object the eupnressiou of the prnctico. of dueling. It proposes to prohibit all persoro, both. priiteipals and 3:o'eessaris, who may hereafter Li engaged in duels, from holding any offieo in the Corn. monwealth. ri A 'Sirs. Ellis has been hoaxing the people of Cincin nati, by representing iterself.as the author of "The W'o• mon of England," tt.e. She succeeded in raising !net $5OO advance payment for a periodical alms said she was about to issue in the East, and decamped for the South. O' Miss Mart• George. the insane it moan wlo escaped from the almshouse in Sanbornton, N. If., was retied, af. for twenty-three days absence, rore:-ed up in the hiyir the barn, where it is suppoet.lshe had be en all that tare. without food, except .parliapa.. a few apples. Sin had a razor in trjacke';:, .The cultivation of the 'tea-plant by Mr. 11111e3_ Smith, of Greenficild. S. C ? has proved highly ,uccees• fut. Several specimens of the green and black vartttie , are in bud. cad will bear fruit ne.:•.2 year, Tritra Mr Smith expects to pick tea and prepare it for use aftrr thE Chinese method. G 0 - * The Forsyth, Ga., Boe, on the 19th ult. sa)s, that e negro girl, owned by Col. D. IV. ("oilier, aged about 16 years, had her head nearly severed from her body. sauva five miles from that place. - by a train of care. :he rra discovered lying with her head acrees the track, but tot late to prevent the occurrence. icji" A snake hunt, of rather a! novel descrip.ion, took place lately in Clermont countyi' Ohio. One Omni-And persons participated in ity and it pccupied three 'dap, di^ whole of which was a contiriued peen° of revelling ens festivity; and what is most ringdlar, some at the hunters found snakes in their hatsi k , CCP A largo band of counterfeiters have been arrested is Cooke county, Tobnessee, who hdve O . porated there, an! in the counties helo. Ter years, upon a largo and.dnr• lug scale. Moulds, materials, end a quantity of bye coin wore Captured, and several elite leaders were cam• milted to jail. In attempting to arrest others, Mr. Hui; a deputy sheriff, was shot, and i. l not expected to lire. Er American Enterprise in Paris. Colt, the "revolver,' has thought it proper, in these revolutionary inner, to otter his invention to the French government fie is in Paris, and has had several interviews with the 3lini,te: of War, and no doubt will procure a large order for then shooting irons, for the French army. CD" Seventy-two tons of Lehigh coal. from the neighbor hood of Philadelphia, was received 4t St. Louis on :1105- day last ria the northorn route to Chicago, and these through the ,Illinois and Michigan canal and down do Illinois rver. This is a now foature of trade. The Texas papers publish a very ept~• correspond ence between Colo Mel lames Gatlsdch, or South Caroli na, and Gen. Sam Houston, t i mo of the Texas Senators- Col. G. charges Gem Houston with ufratornizing and ea operating with Benton and the other frog soil abolitionist in their nefarious desiins," and the latter in his eplY , gives tho Colonel "particular Jesse." QT Arrirat of Emigrants. An oflici4l statement list just been made out, showing tlio number of passOnget arrived - at Now York from forjeign countries, during Iht period of six years. ending 39th September last. The aggregate is on million one hruircti and fifty thousart and fire hundred, a number cfplal to n14:3 resident poids: lion of the city nearly three itimes, over. Ireland. In; Germany. of course. are responsible for inure than the now comets. rEr cot Miss appears to be a! tensible gentleman. Al Washington tho bitter whigi complain '•that, big k r Bliss tho d—d lecorees would be swept out a little 14,:er• and that somotirnes ho interposes to save a poor otliet holder, on the ovonr tieing turned out by Ewing or Collr mor.' to storm With his helpless fatuity.'? cm A committee of Boston gentlemen have prortred short pamphlet, addreesed to the peoplo of California n•'= Oregon, and designed to impress upon them the ;Ivor' tako of a railroad and telegraph to San Francisco. argumont is mainly aimed at the constitutional o bject our t o measures of public importance—and they are b rl ' convincing and practical. MEM oston I'u,, ust fcl vr. nt,h.s lab r to thA to Chrt MIMS a a Paths 'corerPd t , s EMI
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers