r, ~_ ...! INTERESTING ACCOUNT OF THE LAST DAYS OP. JAMES K. POLK, EX-PRESI DENT or THE UNITED STATES. Correspondence of Now York Herald. • NASHVILLE, Juno 16, 1849 Yesterday, at twenty minutes before 5 o'clock, I'. AI,, ,Tames L. Polk expired, at his residence in this city. . Mr. Polk has suffered .from diarrhea, an his way up the Mississippi river from New Orleans, in March; but the attack passed off, and he reached this city in good health. A few days lifter his ar rival, he moved into his new mansion, a stately ed ifice, which had just been completed and furnished in a style of combined elegance and taste. His es tate liesin the very-heart of the city, on an emi nence known - as Grundy's Hill; having been the home of. the Hon. Felix Grundy, from whose biers Mr. Polk purchased the property. Having taken up his abode here; the ex-presiderit rave himself up to the improvement of the grounds, and was seen every day about his aiding and directing the workmen he had employed.. - .now overlooking a carpenter, now giving instructions to a gardener, often attended by Mrs. Polk, whose ex quisite taste constituted the element of every im provement. It is not a fortnight since that I saw him on his own lawn directing some men, who were removing decaying cedars. I was smith with his erect and healthful bearing, and the active en ergy of his manner. which gave promise of long life:. His flowing gray locks alone made him ap pear beyond the middle age of life. He seethed in full health. The next day, being rainy, he remain ed within, and began to arrange his large library; and the labor of reach ing books from the floor and placing them on the shelves, brought on fatigue and slight fever, which the next day assumed the char.: acter of disease in the form of chronic diarrhea, which wa9 with him a complaint of many years' standing,, and readily induced upon his system by any-over exertion. For the three first days, his friends felt no alarm. But the disease baffling their skill (and for skillful physicians, Nashville will compare with the first cities in the Union) Dr. Hay, his brother-in-law, and family physicians for twenty years, was sent for from Columbia. But the skill and experience of this gentlemen, aided by the medical talent, proved of no avail. Mr. Polk continued gradually to sink from day to day. The disease was check ed upon him four days bef.ire his death, but his conatitution was so weakened, that there did not remain recuperative Onergy enough in the system fur healthy reaction. He sunk away so slowly and insensibly, that it was eight hours before he died, after the heavy-death respirations commenced. Ho died without a struggle, simply ceasing to breathe s , as when deep and quiet sleep falls unpon a weary man. About half an hour preceding his death, his ven erable mother entered the room, and kneeling by his bedside, offered up a beautiful prayer to the "King of Kings, and Lord of Lords," committing the soul of her son to his holy keeping. The scene was strikingly impresive. Major Polk, the President's brother, was also by his bedside, with other mem bers of the family. • Upon the coffin was a plain silver plate, with these words:—J. K. POLK, BOW( NOVEDIBER,I79S, DIED JUNK IS, 1849. The body lies in state to-day. The noble draw ing-rooms are shrouded in black, and every window in mourning with black scarfs of crape. The tall white columns of the majestic portico facing the south are completely shrouded in black, gis,ingt a solemnly majestic and_ funeral aspect to the Presi dents mansion. The funeral took place at four o'clock this after noon, masonic ceremonies being' first performed in the drawing-room o6r the ii - 6dy. I saw the body besfore it was encoilined. The features are in noble composure. Death has impressed upori them the seal of.. majesty. In his life, his features ,never wore that impress of command aid intellectual strength that seemed now chiselled upon their 'Mae ble outline, lie was habited in plain suit of black, and a copy of the Constitution of the United States was placed at his feet. Before being taken to the cometry, the body was hermetically soldered with- in a copper coffin. Prom the . house the funeral cortege, which wee very large, all place's of busii4ss being' closed by order, of our good whig mayor, proceeded to the Methodist Episcopal Church, where after services performed by the Rev: Mr. Mck error), it was con veyed to' the camel ty, Wowed by a vest concourse of citizens. The body was deposited in the Grundy vault, temporarily; but it Will soon be removed.to a vault on the lawn of the ex-Presidential mansion, where a willow now gtauds, and over it will be erected a stately marble cenotaph; thus the body of the President from Tennessee will lie entombed in the heart Of its capital. Mr. Polk, by will, the evening before his death, gave the lawn to the State, is perpetuity, for this purpose. Mr. PKllr" sent for the Rev. Dr. Edgar, of the Peesbyterunt church, seven days before his death, desiring to be baptised by him. Ile Bald to him impressively: "Sir, if f had suspected twenty years ago that I should come to my death-bed unprepared, it would have made rue a wretched man: yet I am about to die, and have not made preparation. I have mit el en been baptized. • Tell me, sir, can there be nay ground for a man thm, situated to hope?" The Rev. Doctor made known to him the assurances and promises of the gospel that mercifully run parallel with man's life. Mr. Polk then remarked, that he had been pre aented from baptism in, infancy by some accidental r,:currence, that he had been several Limes strongly inclined to be - baprized during his administration, bet that the cares and perplexities of public life IMrdiy gave him time for the solemn preparation re quisite, and so procrastination had ripened into in action, when it was now almost too late to act. In his conversation with the Rev. clergyman, Mr. Polk evinced great knowledge of the ,'scriptures, which, he said, he had read a great deal, - and deeply reverenced, as Divine truth; in a word, he was, the oretically, a Chistrian, The conversation fatiguing Mr. Polk too much fo r him to be then baptised, it was postponed, to take place the next evening; but in the interval, the ex- President recollected that when he was governor and lived here, he used to hold many arguments with the Rev. Mr. McFerren, the and pop nlnr MelhOdist_minister of the place, his warm per sonal and political friend, and that he had promised him that when he did embrace Christianity, that he, the Rev. Mr. McFerren ' should baptize him. He, therefore, sent for the Rev. Dr. Edgar, made known this obligation, and expressed his intention to be, baptized by his friend the Methodist minister. That day, the venerable Mrs. Polk, mother of the ex- President, a very pious Presbyterian lady, arrived from her residence, forty miles distant, accompanied by her own pastor, hoping that her distinguished son would consent to be baptized by him. "Mother," said the dying ex President, taking her affectionately by the hand, "I have never in my life disobeyed you, but you must yield. to your son now, and gratify my wishes. I must be baptized by the Rev. Mr. McPerren." Ills mother, as she is pious, did not hesitate to give her contest; and in the presence of the Rev. Dr. Ed gar, a n d the Rev. Mr. ➢Sack, of Columbia, the ex- President received the rite of baptism, at the hands of the Rev. Mr. McForren. Mr. Polk has died worth about one hundred thou sand dollars, the bulk of, which is settled upon his amiable lady; who, it is to be hoped, will long make this city her abode—an ornament to its society, for flail lips di, praise her." Nosi, Tag CHOLMIA DISTRICT.—It is Spinet% lint remar kable that the ravages of the cholera in this city are almost wholly confined to , a district included be tween Randolph street on the south and Chicago Avenue on the north. South of Randolph street there hare been few if any cases. North of Chica go Avenue the same exemption from the diseaqee-x -ists. Ora the Lake shore at the north side the dis ease has prevailed to ,9 . 4renter extent than might be expected; and it is thought to be on account of the slaughter houses situated on the sand, and which taint the nir in that vicinity.- The lake shore on tne south side has been nearly free from the disease but %tot Denwrat. `"' &MOOT ON Ex-Pausinnwr Put.K.—The Hon. • Geo. M. Dallas has been chosen, arid has consented, to prof ounce the erilogium upon the' life and char acter of the late President of the United States, James K. Polk, before the Democratic citizens o Philadelphia, who are about making a suitable de monstration of respect to the memory of the diatin guished let:eau:4l. • • (GOLD PROM CALIFORNIA. ARRIVAL OF The brig Ida, •apt. Faulkner, arivdd at this port from Kingston, Yemaica, last evening, making the trip in sixteen days, an uncommonly short passage. She brings no news of any consequence, but has on board twenty passengers, six from' Kingston and fourteen from Chagres; the latter having crossed the Isthmus of Panatna, and taken the English steamer to Kingston. We have conve and Captain Hoye at the Franklin 11( The passengers h with them, and th not exceed e 50, 01 that sum sad with Mr. George McDougal , the former of whom is stopping use, and the latter at Jones' Rotel. i l ye a few thousands dollars each . . whole amount among dues 00, and probably w ~,rd not reach 4 1 , who is from Indianapoll , Indiana, five years in California; where he self in large mercentile and other i turns to the States with the !limi t lately joined him in California, s there until he goes back, which l itnedigiely , The golden country place for ladies in it.i present state. :wish , shown by Mr, McD., a I, mixed with quartx, weighing a ght pounds, awl containing about pure metal. It is a most beauti- Inl9 found about six inches below "Dry Digging," about twelve it er's MLII, Between the Spanish &lane. The specimen was sent McD., by lieut:,Woodr.)p,M. S. ‘, is of New York, and is designed no or the institutions at Washin- Mr. McDoilgal, has spent the last ' has established hr operations. He r ly of a brother wh ' and whom he leav he intends iloingl he informs us, is no We were court, lump of native gal few ounces over of' live pounds of the ful specimen, and the surfaCe at the miles south of Sut Fork and the Stan' in the care of Mr. Navy, to Mr. Mor for the cabinet of ton. !foyer, who is fromZew Bedford trading, on the Coast of California ronia and the isandi, for a lung bring his family, he informs us ly obtain employment en vessels between San Francisco and Pa a•4l in the navigation of the hundred dollars per month, We met Captai, and who has been and betwten Calif time, comes horile that he could read as a sailing' maste nama, at $lO a day Sacramento at five; I this, however, to support his expenses out there) and they had society at that. lie leaves his I returns. It took nearly a family, (such are th neither comforts n family at home, an lemen refeered to ab we, give the cults of the country, (hearing its 13ociety) and the certain (lances by those who go there, provided inselve:, are willing to work and Invienieces. Both of the gent / most glowing aced high charges and . of making fortunes, they will behave th, to put up with inc,! correnpondent Cuorier Lind Enquirer, writing "„ April 30, 6:lyl4:—The excite- A &melt. Zia of thy New York from San Jose, L. ment in Lower C. is scarcely lesd tl Mexicans hnie left arol in most of the have nearly all dell being driven to Uft sion that they g ill San Francisco. A, ifornia in relation to the mines lan in the States. Over 7000 Lower Gdifornia fur the. mines, owns on the Gulf shore the r en rted. fior , 4es and.ptilis are II icr California, under the impre - bring fr .m 300 to 500 dollar in Vost of the emigrants intend t• - on rptim, and the emigration from , e \Vcs'tern States of Mexico wilt it the linite'd States for (11Q, cum- ding nn the San J this iection and th far exceed that fro ing year. from Durango and Chihuahua ostly settling on the Gila river, who desire mining on the Gila . disparity of their numbers and . leans. 15000 stand of English I sent to the mouth of the Gila I the rumors are that it is the xican government to contest the imissioners in relation to the in the whole of the rich mines on 'butaries. That such arms have [le point up the Golf is certain. ssels freighted with the muskets The distance from St. Joseph's 'in San Diego, is variotislt esq ' aria at from 15 to 10,000 miles. torrect estimate of distances ex- Those emigratin (Chiawswa.) are and the Americans are disuaded by th the fear of the - Me. mudiets have been from Mazatlan, an intention of the M action of our Co boundary, and claii the Gila and its been shipped to sot! I saw one of the vi ready for sailing. to San Franci-co, mated by the Mexi They can form no cept by day's trace 10... ---Just this side of ,Plaint file r 1; the contractor for the Little LF: Mr. \Vin. Dom• Gro !npany, is engaged with a num ling,4Jowit a hill to tho depth at a order to avoid a carve in the Miami Itailroadco her of hands in cut about eighty feet, i he track ,freight road, and to make - week or ten days t te), l / have been busy digging down another strio serer I 'pet in width, and had reached a depth of thirty-fir e or forty feet. On Thursday afternoon, while 'A r. De Groff was standing upon this. plateau, he als alarmed by a rumbling sound, and looking upwas lie saw a large portion of the bank breaking away, which must bury him under neath if he rentaindd on the spot. lie was near. the brink of the pbaea s and saw that his only chance of escape was to ju op down the declivity, a distance of fifty fire feet—a quick as thought his resolution was formed, for he was in a situation that did not allow him time to swap horses and he made the leap, allighting fru-twain lv upon some loose sand, unhurt. To stop there moil i have been death to him, fur the land slide came rut ibling and thundering clo.e at his heels, and he had to do some pretty hard run ning to get out of ti i ho way of the falling earth. ft was not only a most thrilling perilous and position to be to,' bat it was a most miraculous escape. Not more than one ma out of a hundred could have made that jump.—Cincinnati Times. A PART Or TtIRI: Whig press was ne t in its reception of President. When honesty by experie join hands with on worthy search for 1 ranks and as boldl resort to slander a 1 1 their own, i iifamy The late National its sentiments a whereveran his pen to proslitu Boston Bulletin. !t. SYSTEM:TiIe character of the ver more clearly exhibited than kir. Lippard a recent letter to the a man IA ho has learned their die ce, and is too honest himself to i or more of them in their un 'hinder, but boldly leaves their tells them what they are, they lld 'defamation to hide if possible. rent the sight of the world.— Whig kept up this tirade and e echoed all through the land r cipled writer can be found with e the privilege of the press.— {VAT.—Tire Abbeville (Ah) Ban 'Mowing account of storm in than boy w•as blown away, and has A-Boy BLows A ner furnirbes the district, in which not since been ben "We regret to 11 another severe stor portion ofl our distr in various places. Ilarshall,i we are t it, as als4is grow the loss, by this g+i nine years of age, and, AlthOugh ddi two eiitir (hos, h tarn that nn Friday, the 18th inst. of wind passed over the lower ict, doing considerable miwbief The plantation, of Mr. George Ad, has been seriously injured by "ng crops; It the saddest parLis ntleman, qfa negro boy, some who was carried otrby the storm. Lent search was made for him Ihas not yet been found." COR/OVS S that a short time sr in Buffalo, N. Y. 'New Orleans, ran master's coming him to the South, celve wages for hi' writing agreeing arrested by a warr 00 due him for pa., fendant (I)r. Stone ince, and defraud acquitted at once, the rights of parti to the local laws when - contracts w. CASE' IN TORONTO. -It seems ince a slave named Brown, being tvith his roaster, Dr. Stone, front away into Canada, and on his fter him, agreed to go back with provided lie could in future re 's labor. pr. Stone gave him a o this,.ana' the same night was rlit from the slave Brown, for 85- •t services, on the ground that de i) was about to leave the Prov lin of his debt. Dr. Stone was on the ground that in such cases /s must be determined according f the country in ivhich they lived re made. . I MIR LA Caoss.—A most revolt ace at Prairie La Cross, Wiscon . A difficulty arose about a raft ned Cameron and another named ter was struck by the former with ad, inflicted a frightful and fatal yards repeated the blow 4 breaking places, ivho soon after died.— !fearing, was severely wounded. • diately taken into custody.—Chi- MURDER AT Pa ing murder took p sin, a few days ag , between a man na, Allen, when the la' an axe upon the 111 wound. Ile'afteri Allen's leg in two Another man into Cameron was imm cage 'Journal. Cet SS 1.78 M. Cta C. M. Clay and t of Turner rushed whereupon a eon out a moment's assailant, thrusti our readerearea also procured a p i the one he had et, moment was epee Cincinnati Comm,' I's Sorr.—ln the recontre betwOn r. Turner, we learn theta brother o the rescue, stabbing 11r. CliO, .1 Mr. Clay, aged about I with 'liberation, rushed on his father's g a large knife into him, who are is since dead. The little hero stol for his father to kill Turner, bbed, but the father, who-for the hless, heeded not his iroportuitiels. i mid. . 141xico. - -Olir regular files of Mexican papers, j zonsiiting of El Siglo, El Universal, Le Trait it Union, 4-c., from the metropolis, to the 2rl inst., 'and El Arco Iris, from Vera Cruz, to the Bth inst., both inclusive, canto duly to s had yesterday. To the ample extracts we made from those of similar d'dates,' which reached us on Friday, and which we publiAlted yesterday, we add the following addition. al hero!. Measures of so stringent a character have lately been adopted at Vern Cruz, that they Will effectually prevent smuggling in future. A letter appears in El Sigb of the 2d inst., ex orting the Mexicans to. work the mines of Sonora, which the writer represents to be *still richer than hose of California. Portions of that State, of great extent, arq..placers or gold deposites of extraordina i.y value, on which lumps of gold are eccasionally found 116 ounces in weight. Ei Siglo urges the government to originate the enterprise of collecting gold in Sonora, to be applied as a means of retriev ing the affairs of the republic. The Apaches pres ent the most formidable obstacle to gold digging in Sonora, as they hold a great part of the State as a species of hunting•ground. The population of So nora exceeds 150,000 souls. Don Julian de,los Reyes, governor of San Luis Potosi, is said to bo very disaffected to the general government,. and is charged with a design to pro nounce, with a party formed of a coalition between the Puros and Monarchists. The government is authorized by Congress to make a contract for the construction of a _railroad between Vera Cruz and the capital, and thence to the Pacific. [Who will be willing - to undertake the job?] The Mexican papers complain loudly of the scan dalnus impuMty with which smuggling, is carried on across the lino of the Rio Grande. Not only American, but European goods are brought intothe republic in large genntities. dlrco Iris contains an article on Santa •Anna, in which the luckless ex-dictator is charged with 'the design of returning to Mexico, and of resuming his lost power. Timis he is said to contemplate by recruitingleight hundred or ono thousand men in the United Stales: who, tinder the preteXt of goit i g to seek for gold in California, will be permitted 1 . ) hind, armed, somewhere on the coast, Here they are to facilitate the disembarkation of Santa Anna, who will then make a pron.neiwnealo, overture Herrera's grivernment, and re-ebtablinh himself &c -rater. The eight hundred or one thoti4ntnt Amer icana are to be retained by Santa Anna ns his body guard, and by their help, and that of the ;morns and the IllOrtarehists, he will succeed in enslaving the nation. Fuil!e! The legisla'ture of San Lids Potosi has been called together in estraordloary SeSADili 10 take in t) consideration the vital qm,tiou of the insurrec tion he S'ierra Gordo, nhich is devastation. that State, and which will inevitably ruin it if it be not speedily terminated. Two thoudrid nmskets have been purchased• to arm the national guard of ialNeo, at the exorbitant rate, us the Siglo calls it, of ell) each. MoamoN ITirms.—Among the news brought by the late:a rri val trout the Salt faits is the subjoined : A winter's hoot by rival parties of 100 mon.each, has destroyed about 700 la olt es and foxes, 2 wolver ines, 20 minx and polecat, 500 hawks, owls and mag pies, and 100 ravens, in this valley and %icinity. On the return of a portion of the Mormon battal ion, through the northern part of western Califor nia, they discovered an extensive gold mine, which enabled them, by a few days delay, to bring sufficient of the dust to make money plenty in this place for all ordinary purposes of public convenience; in the ex change, the bretherun deposited the gold dust with the the presidency, who issued bills, or paper cur rency; and the "Kirtland Safety Fund," resigned, tis to par with gold. On the Ist of January last, Jo he.smith, uncle to the prophet Joseph Smith, was ordained Patriarch of the Church, holding the keys and poWers thereof, some as Father Joseph Smith and All the vacancies in the list of Twelve Apostles were tilled on the 12th of Febuary last. In the former part of February, the Bishops took an-inventory of the breatistuffs — in valley, when it was reported . a little more than three fourths of a pound per'day, for each soul, until the fifth day ofJuly, and considerable was known to exist which was not re ported. As a natural consequence, some were nearly destitute, while others had an abundance; the com mon price of corn, since harvest, has been two dollars some have sold for three; at present titers is none in market at any price. Wheat has ranged from four to five dollars per bushel, and thought not to be bought at present. it is expected there will be a good supply for seed another year. For the past SINKING OF LAND.—Some twenty miles below Ocala, the land for a considerable distance bus been gradually sinking, for a length of time; in places, the tops of the tall pines have entirely disappeared, and crystal streames now flow whet() once the red man's knife glittered in the morning beams, and the startl ed buck bounded in fear at the crack of his rifle.— But this is a Florida pecimiliarity, and is daily illus trated in some one or other of the penninsula. The country is continually sinking; no elevations aro formed, save by the depression of a stretch of land our annals record no earthgnakes, no agitations of nature to create a mountain, or even a simple hil lock, the subterranean conducts, with their swift and ceasless currents, are ever wearing away the soil, and the crusty surface, unable to sustain its forest burden, plunges with the mass to unknown depths in an abysses be low.—Florida Argus. ISTHMUS or TEHUANTEPRC.—Two gentlemen, as we learn front Mr. Hoffman, who has just returned front Vera Crux,- lately took an excursion across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. They left Gnasacuoloos, in the vicinity of Vera Cruz,. on the Gth May and performed their journey, fifty eight leagues of canoe navigation, and thirty seven leagues on horseback. They reached the shores of the Pacific, bathed in its waters, and returned to Grutodicnalcon on the 24th. They Were eight lip in returning, having stopped two days at Tehuantepec, distant about five leagues from the Pacific. These gentleman, Messrs. James and HOY, state that the ex 0en .4 0 in curred in crossing the Isthmus is thirty dollars at the most. They fur ther informed Mr. Hoffman that small boats, 'draw ing from twenty to twenty-four inches of water can run on the river nine or tell months in the year.= The cost of horse hire, from the head of the naviga tion to the Pacific coast, will not amount to more than $lO a head, each passenger.—Xs 0. Pic. Dot llunz YOUR FRIENDS IN A Hurtar.--The St. Louis Union of dm :10th inst., relates the fol lowing:, Sumo time during Saturday a young woman, it was thought. died of cholera. The friends of the family sent for a brother of the deceased, who was at the time in the country, and made preparations to bury the body on Saturday evening; but on the ar rival of the brother, he insistod on keeping the re mains Midi Sunday. About 12 o'clock on Saturday night, while the brother and friends were erig,aged in the "wake," the young woman recovered from her .trance, sat up and gazed with -surprise upon 'the scene around her, and is now a well woman. We have no cause to doubt the correctness of this strange statement. A GRHAT SPEcuLATioN —The best speculation in California of which we hare heard, was that of a loafer who stole a hen,_and invited four returned miners to dine upon her, at the reasonable rate of Wier:ch. In preparing the hen for cooking, our loafer found in her craw two ounces of gold. After partaking freely of the hen, the loafer found the fol lowing to be the profits of the transaction: For four guests at ehl each, $2O; for two ounces of gold found in the hen's craw, s3J—'Petal profits of the hen, 852. A NAvaATir FELLOW.--A Man named James Hart, formerly a resident of Virginia. eloped front Cincin nati a few days since, with a girl calling herself Cath erine Gragg, leaving behind a , destitute wife. It appears that Catherine, the good-for-nothing jade, (as Mrs. A. called her,)had_been paying particular attention to Mr. Hart for some time, and at last ran away with him. It is said that ho is being oaarried back to old Virgina." LAWYERS AND hincunta cs .—T he New 'York Mir= ror, in a last number, says.--- , ‘The bar is no longer the resort of the ambitious youth of our country,— Thamechanical departments nre beginning tube pre ferred, There are now 2J liberal educated youths who are serving"their times as ship l weight4 carpen ters, &c. In a few years the United States will have the most accomplished mechanics in the world. The union of a substantial education with mechanical skill will affect this. . frit Wttittil Ohstrutr. ERIE, P A. fATURDAY MORNING, .JULY 7, 1849 Canal Commissioner. We have the pleasure of announcing that the Democratic State Convention, which met at Pittsburgh on the 4th, nominated on the 2.4 ballot, JOHN A. GAMBLE, Esq. of Lycoming. for Canal Commissioner. We have only room to say that a BETTER SE. LECTION COULD NOT HAVE BEEN MADE: 1 THOUGHTS ON THE FOURTH. Another anniversary of the natal day of our indepen dence has passed and gone. Tho;Ciclo of old Father Time has witnessed but seventy-three such, and yet what changes has not our country aeon. But a lifo time in the history of man, but the brief years of childhood in that df a nation, and a people who, when they threw off the yoke of oppression, and declared the immutable truth, that all men were created free and equal, numbered bet three millions, now boasts her twenty; and from a few scattered settlements along the Atlantic coast has stretch ed her arms and now embraces the shores of the Paci fic. Then th 6 banks of the gloat rivers of. the west, and the mighty chain of laketi upon whose shores millions of freemen now till the soil, or engage in the various me chanic arts, worn peopled only by the Panther, or the still more fierce and dreaded Savage. Whore now the steam whistle and paddle are echoed from to sherd, or the clatter of _the busy manufacture reverberates among the hills, the one creating and the other trans porting the products of civilized in6n's ingenuity and labor, naught was then -hoard but the lo of the Buffalo, or Om quick stroke of the red-man's paddle. Liberty, prosperity, and civilization have walked hand in hand, - and, as if by magic, the rod man and his forest home have given place to populous cities, beautital villages, and cultivated farms. His bark canoe, where is it? The placid rivers and broad lukee upon svliose waters it gli ded before his practiced urns are still , hero, but its place is occupied by the majestic steamer and the taper masted nail beautiful schoner or brig: Canals, railroads and tel egraphs have contributed each their share towards this wonderful change. But the lifetime of titan has accom plished this, but the result betokens rather the lifetime of a nation. If we have. -accomplished thus much in our ; brief existence, aided alone by the iisdoincfable enterprise ; and energy of the Angle•Ainericen rkce, protected and a festeied by Our liberl tustitutbins, what may we not complish in the' future with our recently acquired territo ries peering their flood of goliLinto our lap? The mind may fancy, but the reality ulone will ( tell the tale. But while we contemplate this gratifying pielure, post -and perspective, wo should not be unmindful of the struggle between monarchy and republicanism, now go- Ing on in the old world Franco kindled the flame, and set tile example, but unfortunately chose, the shadow in stead of the reality—grasped the name of 4_ er greatest ' man, and has been betrayed by the poison-jay who wears it—We mean Louis Napoleon! What will be the result I of, this treachery to the cause of republicalksin time alone can determine. We fear it may throw Franco back into the arms of inonarch,y.—that the people', disgusted with the hollow professions of such false friends, dill seek in the arms °lsom° "citizen King," the cllains i hey so nobly spurned from thorn in the revolution of Irehrnary. Bat while wo look upon this gloomy picture, where all should be bright, the booming of cannon and the smoke of battle are wafted on every breeze from the imperial city of Rome, proclaiming that thorn too a people nro struggling for their rights—that the Rom'ans havo again income Ro mans in fact as well as name, and although mho armies of France, which should have been the first to protect, are the first to strike, they will fall, if fall they must, with their feet to the fee and with orcu,c.in s itictrliands. That the Romans shall triumph over foreign invasion, and the temporial power of the Pope, should'bo the prayer of every American. But tho republicans of Franco and of Romo do not alono claim our sympathy on this;the natal day our own freedom. The gallant Hungarians, under Kossuth and Beta, aro bidding dofianco to the allied arms of Austria, and Russia, and have so far proved themselves worthy o f tho boon for which they are striving. May the Eagle of liberty poarch upon their standard, and the cause of equal rights triumph over despotism under whatver name or guise. ..THE MESS►OE Binn.".—This is the very appropri ate title of a new musical and literary paper, to be pub lished in New York, the first number of which has been on our - table for some time. The paper is to be issued twice a month by M. T. Brtocsr.tnerra & Co. at_ the low price of $1,25 par annum. Being no profesior of the "divine art," ourself, we cannot of course speak of the musical department, but its literary selections and con tributions are of the highest order, - and wo presume the other is of equal merit. That such a paper as this is designed to be is much needed, we think there can be no question; and hence that it will be liberally sustained' we cannot doubt. 0. D. Spofford is the 'agent for this city. STEAMER Fssuical.—lf any of our _readers desire to visit Buffalo, or any of the port.; this side, we recom mend them to the Steamer Fsentorr, Capt. Evstrs. Tho daily line to Buffalo, of which she forms a part, is a great accommodation to this section, and should bo patronized by chose having buoinewa between the two places. Wo had the pleasure of a short trip on her tho other day, and we found every thing right. The Captain was attentive. the Clerk accommodating, and, as to our friend Wricox, the Steward, every body knows be is ono of the best fellows "out." A pleasure excursion on board of her as fur as Barce lona or Dunkirk, and return upon the Diamond, would bo just the thing for ono of these calm days. Them is a beautiful chance to dance on her upper dock, and we know of some that would like to improve it vastly. Who seconds the motion? FATAL ACCIDKNT.-A eon of Mr. George Weston, of Le Bona township in this county, fell from an apple tree on the 22d ult., and broke his arm. On the 28th, in company with a brother seine years older, he went to ‘Vaterford to have it dressed, and on his return, when about half-a-mile from that village, the horsO took fright, and started to run. The elder brother, who was walk ing by its side, caught it by the bits but was unable to controll it, being thrown against the fence with such force as to breako his hold. Titus free, the horse started on a run, with the boy hanging to the stirrup by the foot. Ile was dragged in this manner some twenty rode, when the girth of the saddle broke, and he was left in the road dead. CELEBRATION AT EDENBOIIO.-A largo celebration took placo at Edenboro on the •Ith, tho procoedings of which were handed to tte for insertion. In order to allow our hands'to celebrate that day, in common with our Ed enboro friends, wo were compelled to push the papal ahead so far in the fore-part of the week that We could not find room for them. They will probably appear in the other throe papers before our next issue, but if our friends in Edenboro desire it, wo will ro-publish them then. Will Jtey let us know? Oro Zscx COMINO—Wo _learn from our exchanges that President Taylor will Wive 'Washington on his tour to the North; about the middle of August. He will pro ceed from Baltimore to - York. end from 'thence visit Lancaster, Harrisburg, Chamhersburg, and the Bedford Springs, Hollidaysburg and Pittsburgh. Ho will then pass through Ohio to Clevelanj. where he will embark for Buffalo; and will boat the l ow York State Agricultu ral Fair at Syracuse on the 10th.'' From Albany ho will proceed east to Boston, and after visiting the Capitals of New Hampshire and Maine, will return south via Pro vidence, New York and Philadelphia. his purpose being to reach Washington about the close of September. rr We regret to !earn that the Chores is on the in-- MUM ill Buffalo. The reports of the Board of Health average about 2.5 comes a day, The .deaths,,bowever. do not Frerage On 5 per day. ILT The Observer makes allusion to the decided oppo sition of this paper to Gen. Jackson sixteen years ago: The editor of the Observer was then a mere stripling boy, but where wore kis polititical sympathies and parti alities? They were against Gen- Jack:son, and with the Whig party, and so continued to ho until within a few years. He retired one evening a happy, contented, conscientious Wh g—he arose the next morning a scowl ing, bitter. turbulent Democrat., What wren ght the sud den change? Alt: thereby **hangs a tale." We will not wound our neighbor's feelings by detailing it. Lot it bo forgotten, and with it the mentors of the editor's Whiggery. ,He must pardon us for this once incidental ly "resurrecting" it.—Gazette.- ' - Although somewhat crowded for room, we cannot forbear copying the above, that our readers may see how beautifully its author practices the doctrine he preaches. It was but a few - weelts ago, ho was very much shocked at our "personalities," but now we - I find hint not only attacking us personally, but to do so, traveling back to the time we were fourteen years old, and all because we said last week it did not look well in a paper that indulged in so mush personal abuse toward Gan. Jack son to be quite so ready to whine at Democratic censure of Gen. Naylor. It is true that at the time referred to, we were "a more stripling boy," and it is very probable that our cotemporary was in the same predicament. IVo be noire it is no uncommon occurrence that moo, now-a days, are at one time in their lives, "more stripling boys" at least we have heard of no process whereby they light upon "life's &hey scone" full grown men. Be that as it may, however, what it has to do with the Gazelle's abuse of "Gen. Jackson sixteen years ago," is beyond our comprehension. Perhaps the acute mind of our cotemporary can discern it, but we - cannot. But this "personality" hating Editor says that at fouurteen years of ago our "political sympathies and partialities" "were against Gen. Jackson and with the wing party, and so continued until within a few years." We eer, al nly must have been a precocious youth, _what' our "political sympathies and partialities." at fo . urieen are now deemed worthy of newspaper comment . .lt is not often the man is held responsible for his opinions at fourteen, but as I our neighbor appears to wish to hold us to them, we will not plead the baby act, or any other (La, to escape the just responsibility of either our opinions or debts. But it is duo to the "truth of history" to sot our eotemporary tight, even in this small matter, calm:tally - as ho duals in nothing else. He forgets that sixteen years, ago, there , was no such party as the &lig party in Erie County. It is only a little over nine years since time writer of this ar ticle himself hauled down the old Anumasonic flag from the Editorial head of the Gazette and substituted the whig flag, by direction of the then junior Editor. The files of , the Gazette will show this fact, to the study of winch, or something clse;this imported scribbler !Ltd better devote a little of his spare , time before lie agrtin presumes to write of the past. Ai to our once acting with. the wing' party, every body in this vicinity is perfectly aware of the fact. It is no secret. We had a right to repudiate a political connexion formed through ignorance of the ; principles and measures of that part, and wo exercised it. But that any such course on our part was the result of personal disappointment, or from ally motives other than a thorough -conviction that the policy. of the whi m ; party, when they avowed any, was detrimental to the best interests of the masses, wo brand as a fitisehood, and the individual that utters it as a Liar! Our disaf fection from the wing party has hoon the constant the me of every scribbler who has had charge of the Gazette fu r the last six years—ft has furnished anonymous wm•iters and stump orators with material for abuse—but a s w e well knew that without something of the kind they would be bankrupt, we have never had a dispo , ition to quart el with them about it, and we have only it lit 1,1 to it now be cause, as it is a personal matter, wo wished to exhibit the hvpocracv of the Ga:el,fe's constant harping on per sonalities. COMING TO TMEIR STNSIN.-1 , 1 noticing the organiza tion of the Company to construct the railroad from Budit lo to the State Line, and the advertisement to let the con tracts on the road from the Line to this city, the Iforri.s - Tcbgraph quotes the assert's,: of the Cleee'and Herald that rather than fail in extending the road on to the Ohio lino through the mu/as/mess of their Leg:alatme, ''the people of Erie county would secede from the etato of their adoption and return ' to their natural mother, New York," makes the following sensible remarks: "We do not believo that the people of Zrio count• contemplate any such thing. :And we aro confident that they will he able to form any connection with railroad projects that they may desire. Illiberal measures are but short lived; and the Jog in the monger policy will find bat few advocates, as public opinion becomes enlighten ed and expanded. Erie will have a railroad as soon as she will find the money to make it, without asking favors. We are glad to see by this that the papers in the inter est of the Control railroad are coming to their senses. Tho road across Pennsylvania at this point will be built, and the. people at the Eastern end of the State may as well allow it with a good grace. as to continuo to make asses of themselves 'as they have heretofore done. That portion. of the state has acted the dog in tho manger po licy towards the north west just as long as the north west will submit to it—and now that we have the cards in our own hands, backod up by New York and Ohio, it is certainly pleasant to knmt, , ''that there is a slight disposi tion to allow us to 'play out our Nand, and take the stakes, without a resort to force. AmoTaxa "Emma Pusitsuev."-:-The asperities of par ? ty will certainly be obliteraed under the Admlnistration of our "no party'! President, was the constant promise of the most ultra whigs during the last canvass, and there worn sortie really sensible men short sighted enough to believe it: We wore not of that number. We did not holievo it, but we certainly did hot expect the pledges Gem Taylor voluntarily gave to "proscribe proscription," and introduce and ern of "good feeling" in politics, would be so shamefully and publicly violated in the per sons of sonic of our country's most glorious defenders.— Among the late "enemies" Gen. 'Fa)lor has seen fit to "punish," is the gullfant Major AVGIME DXV).7.AC, Charge d'Affairs, at the Hague, in order to "reward a friend," ono GEORGE For.somx, a rod-mouthed Natie a American of Now York. The Ohio Statesman sa)m Ma jor Davezac, the minister thus recalled, is a foreigner by birth, but has lived in the United States seine fifty years. In the war of 1812, when New Orleans was menaced, Major Devezac, then a resident of that city, rendered signal service in rallying the French population in its de fence, and at the battle of the BtholJanuary, ho acted as ono of Gen. Jackson's volunteer aids. In 1814, when addressing a political meeting in New York, a . young whigling in the crowd xrid out that the speaker was nothing "but a 0.--t1 foreigner." The words were heard, by Major Davizac, and turning to tho two legged puppy that interrupted him, with that gentleness of manner, which ever distinguished him; ho mildly replied that, though by birth ho was n French man, yet ho was an American citizen, "for the laws made mo so in 1003, and in 1815 1 was re-batized in fire And blood at Now Orleans, when defending my adopted country from the attacks of its invaders." Such is tho man Gen. Taylor has removed front of fice, for the purpose of rewarding a partizan of the Na tive American faction school, as his successor. To send a man holding such sentiments as the Natvists hold, to represent the" American character, and to look after American interests in Holland, is nn outrage and n libel 'on the institutions of the country; for the ono idea of "Nativism is, that is is the p%co of a man's birth, not in telligence and virtue, that fits him for station. 1:11* The Editors of the Fredonia Censor and James town Journal are bragging about tho size.ef strawberries sent to their respective offices. They toll some barg e stories, but both agree , that the fuirt is delicious when 'smothered in cream.' Notwithstanding Cholera walkoth abroad upon every breeze, we do not know but that a dish, such as him of the Censor brags over, would tempt us to bravo its frowns. theonot LIPPAIll). Esq., of this city, has accepted the invitation to deliver the Anniversary - Oration on the 15th of August, before the Norwich University, Vermont.— Phila. News. Is it not strange that so "contemptible a fellow," As the News and the rest of tho Whig press represent Mr. Lipp since his letter to Gen. Taylor, should be se isCted for such an occasion? Yen, verily,' it 3ttnugli 31htts in 311.1%xit0 1 .-3fln. 6. Correspondence of the l'aie obrerrer. Duttisno, February 14;1849. A littlo after three I foil into the stream of people that wore flocking to ace the sport, and after walking to the eastern extremity of the city, was admitted by a s3ntinal to the arena. The houso is circular, about' a hundred feet in .circumference, and built of stone; a circle of (dor:tied seats run around the wall, for- the convenience of spectators, occupying about twenty feet. The•lowest of these seats is about eight feet from the ground—then. coulee a spaco of about three foot and then another wall uhout seven feet high, with threo or four doors. This last encloses the performers. Soldiers Wore station ed throughout to enforce order during the perCorm mice. When I entered, they were puting a poor animal through the last torments. His eyes were glaring with madness. tho blood flowed from — two or more wounds* and 1 could seo ho kept up tho unequal contest with much dif f iculty. The band gave out its slow .atralh'e, the performers goaded him with arrows, fluttered their red flags in his oyes, at which ho would make fruitless passes with his horns, until arrived at the propsr pitch of despair another performer with his red flag and armed with a straight sword steped before the bull. which rush. ed upon him. Now commenced a series of skilful min- oeuyei ing on the part of the envordeman; the enraged crea. turn rushing upon him, wheupieking his opportunity, he ran the sword in to the hilt. The audic:nee, who up to Vile' tint), had boeu hold in suspense, now clapped their hands ' - and otherwise applauded the performer. The siimal's throat Was cut. Sour mules caparisoned and hitched abreast, w•oro brought in. and with great pomp and ceremony the carcass w,as dragged out of the arena. 1 had now an opportunity of looking about upon the spectators. They wore of all ages and both sexes, quite evenly mixed. and I should think not less than eight thousand, mostly of the very elite of the city. Ladies in llishy satin, gentlemen dressed ala-mode-de-Paris, and °dicers strutting in their gold and silver lace. Taking it altogether, I think it the best dressed assemblage I have seen in this country. The bustle end the cry of cake sellers ceased and tho audience settled down as a lit- ile sido door opsved and in rushed another bull, shaking his horns, and ripo fur the tight. I iinpposo the poor devil was tortured in some way previous, to bring him to this humor. The performois on hprseboelt, arnied with the lance, scattered about as he .entered, but ho sat- istied hilth,elfl,2, to:thing the first pass at a fellow on foot Tn,,,e gentlemen, though very expert in torturing Mr Bull, are extremely chary of their own bones, and when . the charge was made, the footmen scaled the wall in no time, the bull after them. The ammil ran around the narrox space I hare mentioned, until a door' artfoli fixed, minMtml hint ba k into the arena, when he ride a p.isi at a horseinlit. 'But .this time the charge was met, tile hoc, pined tile shoulder, but the bull gored the 113r,e horribly, tipiet him, and- by a mere chance pa.,:14 over thoAttler without wounditig, him. Here the audience clapped. After another pass or two the •,iearsmen got the advantage. and he no longer wou ld rush u p ol them; then the foot commenced cir cling around hint with their banners; arrows upon which cat paper was fixed in fancy shapes, were stuck into in. One act wliich was much applauded and which seem , d to me quite dexterous, con,ieted in :ai,rcling around the maddened animal, and at last by stepping directly over his horns, plant an arrow with a guilt star upon it, in his forehead. But the time wore on until the creature was ready for the . swordsman, which was performed much es 1 have before described . it. With slight variations from the above, two more animals wale sacrificed to the curiosity of the crowd. and when the filth one was about to ni Ike lira appearance, the chief of t'iti performers gai•u notice that any gentleman in the house might now have a chance to try his skill. This piece of eeurtesy if slighted by. your humble ser vant, was not hem may others, for more than a hundred dirty fauns jumped into tie ling; each with his blanket, Mild' flourished about the afFighted bull in such a man ner you would have sworn they had bran trained to it from childhood. Aleantitno there had been an Indian fight performed botwecw the 'Hoek Camanches and the juve tide soldiery, which though rather childish, was a very natural atThir, inasmuch as the Indians whipped the troops and Carried otF a woman—as usual. Perfectly satisfied with the bull-fight, I left before the conclusion of the fun, and crossing into the *pi nto i n front, I found a large crowd of people uticovered anion their knees. A carriage with a small escort of troops c wse passing which seemed to be the object of their respect. Not wishing to insult the superstitions of the people I took ofl my hat. but was much surprised when on enquiry 1 found it was the bishop that was in tho , cutriage. and be fore whom the besotted people ,were grovelitig in the dust. It was well perhaps that I paid him the courtesy of uncovering, for on another occasion I omitted it and was hailed by a young man, who applied the term "caberoni" (an opprobrious terms }•nonomoua with horse thief,) for the omission. The American army never w.,e here, our baytiots never gleamed in their faces, and consequently they know no toleration. Close to the am- pitheatre, is what is called the ..Alemeada," a heron ful grove of cottonwood trees, covering some night or ten acres, a portion of which is walled in; seats are fixed conveniently, walks tastefully laid out, and hedges of rose bushes planted about. I sauntered through this till dusk, occasionally a 'pedestrian or two would saunter through, but save myself and a man whose business it seemed to be to water the plants and keep the walks tidy, very few seemed to appreciate what seemed to me a great luxury. I Flasks been there several times since and the same loneliness prevailed; the rich have their carri ages and horses, for the country air, and the poor are too busy, begging and stealing. In the evening 4 resigned the sports of the cock-pit for saunter in the main Plaza. This is r..ther a handsome place, planted with a row of small trees, and surrounded' by very nice buildings, particularly occupying ono side, called the "Portales." In this is kept the government tobacco store, for you probably know this article is a:mo nopoly of tho government all through Mexico; in short I 1 believe ii is ono of tho sources of revenue in all Span ish Islands and dependencies, which accounts "for the milk itt the cocoa nut." Under the portico, in front . of this building, numerous gentlemen lay asleep. They had just eaten their three daces worth of beans and tortillias at the market, and were now snoozing in their blankets us happy as pigs. Passing to the' opposite side of the square vve,were soon enveloped in a crowd of beggars, I should think two hundred at least. Va T rious busters were posted here, with orangas, plautans, &c., besides various drinks to vend, and along the pavement on either side and in' from t, our indigent friends had placed them selves, to bo convenient for the change. Then• begged ftmonsly oil their knees, and - it seas hor rible to look upon the lame, tho blind. even idiocy and insanity was there. The spectacle was and is a great, reproach upon any community. Numerous persons were prominading the streets, and damsels came • gliding by iu the pale moonlight as merry as birds=they were used . to the beggars,. I must not lead you to believe there is no humanity in this place, for I have heard of varioutt opulent persons who distribute rations among these creatures daily. Presently the clock struck nine, and a Yew moments afterwards; on one cornet of tiie plaza the clear notes of drum and trumpet burst upon us. It was tatoo, and the guard was paraded. On our way home, we stepped into a colTee-houso for refreshments. Oppo site our table was another, at which sat some men in the gaudy uniform of the "lancers" lane of whom said, "bon are you," as wo entered. but thinking him some Mexican, who had picked up this expression, we paid no attention to him; at length says ho "how goes times," and forcing himself upon us, we found hint to be a lire Yankee—a very moan one by the way, for be lied de. serted from Col. Washington's command while sn.rottle to Santa Fe, and had the bare-faced impudence to re late the whole circumstance. After this we retired to our quarters perfectly satisfied and thoroughly convinced. that it had been "a proud day for America." As I have before stated. this placeis about two hun dyed and fifty miles from the port of Mazatlan, on the Pacific, from which and the city of Mexico it formerly received its
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers