Report of the Post Master General, This document is a long One, and 'interesting from the importance of the departmenttia which it refers. We have room only far an abstract. The post routes in operation ,within the Unite 4 States, on the 30th day of June fait, We're 163,200 miles in extent, and the anntindtransportation of the mails over them was 41,012,579 miles, costing tiit2,- 448,766, as follows, to wit:— On railroads 4,3:17,400 mhz. bost'g 8584,192 In stearnboati 4,385,800 " 0 ' 202.019 Agencies connected therewith : : 54,063 In coaches 14,555,188 cols. cost'g 796,992 J 0 other .modes - not specified 17,7.44,101. " And in iiilditlon-thereto, fur foreign ••• Ns mail service • 100,500 The table of mail service for the year ending the 30th' of June, 1848 made up from the. state of the service, as it stood at the close of the year, exhibits; as compared with : the table-0f:1.847, - an increase in the length of, the routes in the United States of ,9,- 390 miles,'andttn increase on the amount of noun! transportation of 2,124,080 miles; but a decrease in the cost of transportation of . $12,145 There is, however, an increase in the cost of agencies, to be deducted, of Leaiing a UnlaniT of oavinz in the cost of our inland mails for 1843, as com pared with 1547, of But the cost of foreign mails, which appear for the first time in the tables of this year, in And deducting from this the sming above stated 4 Leaves an eXCCS3 of cost fur ISIS ot er 1847, of if 964 6 .5 For this we have 2,12-1,680 miles more of amtii transpurtation of our inland mails, and the convey ance of on- loreien mails every other month, a dig tance of 3,600 miles, and back. On Ist July, 1815, the annual ' transportation of the mails in the U.. ,States amounted • to 3.5,634,262 tyti I Oil the 30th 1846, to 37,398,414 Increase in service over the preceding year 1,764 145 On 30th June, 1847, ajn'td to 38,887,899 Increase over preceding year, „`s' 1,489,485 OnNth June, 1&18, arn'td to 41,012,579 Increase over preceding year 2,124,680 Total increase for the 3 years . 5,378.310 • But the cost of the service tva le.ssend,l 43 111,A3:•- 'On Ist htly, 1345, it stood at Ou 30th June, 1840 Reduction from the preceding year (.)n 3Uth June, 1847, it btu od at Reduction from the pre ceding year On 30th Jude, 1818, it Etmut at Reduction from the pre _ceding yelir Total reduction of cost in the 3 years Er;15(i,738 This . is exclusi%e of the foreign wail ser‘ice per formedln the last yea r. The operations of the three years show thatj the mail service hos been anv.menteo fitteen per cent., and its cost dt the same time diminished 15 7 19 per cuff. The results of the mail lettings last sprin', in the middle section, will add to the sea ice of the current year. 658,07 It:14'8 more or annual transportation; while it makes a reduction from the Cost of the year ending June 30, 1818, or 61,674 . The limber of mail contractors in the service (hi ring the last year was 4,017, and the immhe. of lu i - cal and mail agents and mail messengers 248 con nected with the service on railroads and steamboats. The number of post offices on Ibt July last, .wtts IG,I i 9, beim! an increase during the year of 1,013! /he ournber of offices established was 1,309. The number discoritititte , l :296. The number of poArnasters,appointed during the year was 1,121. Of this number 2,169 were mf) l ,- Yi?,iiiteendelnorangill,ent`;LriF,TrisAVAlVA 184 in can Bites of officer-, 197 in consequence of removals, 3 in Consequence of expiration of corn missions w hi c h were not renewed, 11`in consequence of commiss ions renewed, 5 in consequence of becoming Pre,i— appointmentg, ,308 in com.equcoce o f Iwo , oflices. The number of appoint:11011(4 ;Dade bet wee 0 the 4Th of March, 3815, auJ Ist of July 1818, was 13,597; of Allis number, the remm ale were 1,598 ; the balance were made in consequence of rc s igoa. tions, deaths, change's of the sites of the offices, or the establishment of new one,. The act of the 17th 1818, direct ing the accounts of post ina,lers from the Ist J4tota ry, 1817, to he readjmded, and that they be allowed their commissions by the ter instead of the Year, has been executed, and the flint of t4,112,t113,44, has been pai4 to 5,136 post . The gross reterme of the year endin47, on 30th June last, includincr $.300,000 appropriated by the I oitli See. of the act of 3.1 .\ larch, 1817, fir the post ages of the government, and the I.:liter sum of $lB,- 739 collected from and belonging to the accounts of ' , receding years, amounted to :,•? - 4,371,077. This sum exceeds that of the preceding year 8425,181. being an increase of 10.77-100 per cent: and-ex ceeds therinnnal average of the nine years prece thntr the Ist July, 1815, The later, postage, including the 8%200.000 ap propriated as above stated, amounted to $3 550,301. exceeding that of the preceding, f5c:295,761, being an increase at the rate of 909-100 per cent. The newspaper postage for the rear, amounted to i.,t767,331, making an increase of $1:11,17-1, which c c.c equal to 19 30 100 per cep'. The following table exhibits the ret en Ups. inch:- cling the $200,000 appropriated for the postage of toe govomment, a 4 well as the ex:Rnditures from Ist July, IS!3, to 30th June, 18,18: • RLv. For ytili ending lath June, 1.41, 63,1-7,19 D 4151,293,. :h , )11, 91 3,991.31 n A " "1N 1,171.111 4,149,t,,04 The following extract exhibits some of Secretary Johnson's opinions and recommendations, rotative to his Department: , , nasT.—Letter postage should embrace ail writ ten communicatious,'ut.der seal or not, and each healed packet or package. This class is composed of Prate confidential communications r often cup. tuining articl2s of value: partalittur moreoi".individ ual than public interest, requiting more duct in their prc , ervation, more labor in stamping, packing and enveloping, than printed matter, and are always for %% anted under lost and key; and should : therefore. be charged at a higher rate. A uniform rate of five cents, fur each half ounce or fraction tin ler,\ . and another rate for each additional half ounce or Irac• ttou under, would be as low, in the opinion of the undersioned, as they could be -made, conristently with the principles above stated. Ft:cc/sm.—Newspapers. This class has always been esteemed of so notch importance to the public., as the best means bf disseminating intelligence generally among the people, that the lowest rate has always been applied, for the purpose of encour aging their circulation. heretofore, the ehar a ct ha. been tnade upon each paper, without ,regard to, weight, which is unjust to the publishers, as well ns, the public: and there is no satisfactory reason why . they should not be charged by weiirlit; as well as' letters and other sealed package.. - This would lead to a disenntinnance of the practice of depositing newspapers in the mails before they are dry, which renders them more liable to injury, acid theirweight i 4 greatly increased dampness of the paper. . A uni form rate, pf one cent noon each ounce or fraction, under it, would be more jist, and probably yield as much ret enins as the present rates. Tnino:—All other * printed matter, nr whatever nature or kind, Rhnnld be retell with double newspa per postage. Letters containing articles of Value.. upon the application of the writer, 'should be rein= hoed, and a receipt taken for the delivery, and triple letter postagoch!rgetb The ridicitlons recommendation with regard to new - b.-pope/A; wits ezeitirti smile among those enga ged in„wowed . h9w ignorance of a manor of ilitibt practical importinee, may render ilb:orri the grittlest , spe s eeletioeq. If neviimin`pers stwold he kept - in publication offices until they are dry, the'y'woMd . be it:verity-four hours behind tin a, in reaching distan t a.tlisCiittere, and ttl ,aoe:tin it times for rtitl conger period: At prevent we retell - a -the. -751,500 7,910 $3,235 100,500 MEM E? 2,905,504 2,716,673 $183,8 , 31 $2,453,01 e 263,672 tt,' , 2,448,766 OEM Washington city and Baltimore ripen, for instance, friquently drimp (On the fire*: Post *Ater' General daubs thitipractice* . forivarding then} so ihould:We discouragtal; ana,that the sheets shoOld be hung 4p to dry, betoba4dilipatched akm lint readers. • "I' CULIPoRNIA—GOLD Lieut. Loeser, U. S. A., arrived here yesterday in the schooner Deademona, from Jamaica, with.de snatches from Gov., Mason, of California, to the U. &Government. Lieut.' Loeser left Monterey in August last, for Puyta in Peru, which place he made in forty days. He came thence by the way of Pananta and Jamaica to this city. In company. with , Lieut. L, came-David Carter, who went out to California in the etriployment of the Governatent,.early itt the commencement of the war. From the latter.we yarn that there vitas, no excite ment in California except that preducekby the re ports from the gold regions of the Sacramento and' its tributaries. The mania for gold digging .had reached such a length that it was difficult to procure workmen in Monterey except at the most extrava gant wages. 'Desertions had taken place from the. United States forces, and from the - marine to ruck an extent that the U. S. Alit Ohio had to supply men to take the sloop Warren lower down the coast, out of the way of the infection. From the latter vessel a boat's cred deierted, in open day light, fur the gold regions.. Company F, 31 Artillery. and the dragoons left at Monterey, had suffered little from desertion, but the citizens generally had gone pff in 'Search - of the pre-_ cious Lieut. Loeser brings over with him specimens of gold obtained in the valley of the liacramento.— Sume of the !deceit are the first found in the coun try, ` The extent of the gold region has not been ascertained, but the ore has been found in a territo ry 160 miles in extent and 40 in breadth. Mr. Car ter-thinks that many of the accounts of the great abundance of , the precious metal -in the region in it hieti it is found, are exaggerations, but that it is recovered in large quantities k absolutely known.-... Ile informs us that the ore is procured at some risk and with great labor, yet that it must abound in the country, considering, the quantities brought to Mon terey; mid the 'imperfect means employed in separa• ling it, from the soil. The tract of country constituting the gold region is a level plain. Whether the particles of gold have been washed don n from the moutattrins.er heaved up by volcanic force, no one knows, but the latter is generally believed to be the trite theory. Mr. Car ter has himself seen drops of virgin gold, weighing, two ounces, and there are those who assert they hate met with it in bulks - of grtm ter weight. As yet, all attempts to employ capital in procu ring gold have r esulted disastroikly. Those who have organized a company to collect the precious, .metal have lost their outfits, for the persons hired fir such a service invariably lento their employers and set up business on their own account—taking with them the impiety:otos entrusted to them. The gold is not confined to the beds of the rivers, _bin t everywhete nithin prescribed' limits it may be had by digging op the earth arid -washing the soil from the metal. The elfect produced in California by this new . course of, wealth has been any thing but beneficial to the colony, or advantnp,.eous to the public service. The New Pork volunteers, as soon as they were disbanded, repaired to the gold region, Cul. Steveil son with them, and every article of merchandise, food or clthing., had risen in value to an exorbitant extent. The epidemic was universal. The crews of whale ships and other commercial vessels bad deserted fur the enchanted region, as well as the enlisted men in the Culled Sates service. Motley in coin, which wns plenty enough for all purposes before gold was discovered, hail growti so scarce that the duties upon imported goods could r oot be pni , l except by hypothecated "dust." Those who'could not procure better means of collecting gold, wandered off in its (west with tin pans, bock. ets, and whateter else could be used to separate the metal front the earth by washing.—X. - 0. Picay une. A IVtiontrina SPOiLlah—A curious affair tame off vn Sunday night, in the tipper part of tho city, and as the matter may conic legally before theauthori- Wil . pi t e e ttilir l i l t e a n oll l n f lifi"g r p#ti Alga% %% e l s (*) hale been Married on Sunday night to a young lady. the daughter of a respectable mechanic. A select party were in attendance. to witness the nuptial cer emonies; and were gay and joyous, until the cere mony was about proceeding, when the mirth was checked by the sudden entrance of a female, with a child in her arms, who rushpdi up to the intended bridegroom and claimed him as the father of the child. For a few minntes - all was consternation.— The iyming man denied lust he had seen the woman before, and said slie was derange t il. The father was indignant, and fur a time kid didinnt know which to believe, wheal the offerr was ended by the female pulling out a Daguerreotype likeness of the nice `young man, and, exhitit Mg it to hiln, said. "You don't know melt you t give me this in New burgh, when yOu said you'd marry me." By this ti me the young lady who had n e arly been made the victim of a scrinndrel, was taken, insensible, from the room. The father was !Ilium sending for the police when, upon looking round, he found that the fellow bad left. The matter ended for that night, and next day the female whom he had ruined, made complaint before the anthorities i to compel the f, - low to take care of her child.-:-.Veto lurk Star 2.701. nit.' 0:77 The New Orlent); Lieka' l says of Genera! TAvOrti—t•Oiir most fervent desire is, that his administration may prove, like that a Monroe, an era of moderation and political harmony, durintr n Inch the people will be left to pursue their own happiness and prosperity, free from any governmeal rdptions and p tical Shout] this d+r be gratified, we lieleive that_the morti-• fi c arion and bitterdess of defeat, now an keenly felt by many of onr people, will give way to feelings of content and sat isfaed ion. The distinguished states man and patriot of Michigan has reason rote proud of the vote lie has receit cd,from his fellow-citizens; ,se uho hare so %% firmly supported him, may he con-do:ism-Fs of having given their votes ,r of one who, whether in lace nr out of . office .!t•er ocupy a distinguished postitution in the o f hi s Count ry."— nti.lll) enjoy in fovi nmft rxr WANTED.—The Philadelphia North AMP of Saturday, publishe's n letter from Monterey ilia: which We infer from the initials was !I by the Rev. WALTER Cof.rox, the Alcade city. Ills suggebtions in reference to a mint !serving of the immediate 'attention of Con- ere aro now about 3,000 persons at work in 104. They average, at the very lowest Com m, an ounce per day. each.man.,' This makes regent of more than a million a month, and amity will be doubled in three mouths. This ow goes to Mazatlan, Peru and Chili, where lined, gnd !ocom s a hart of the currency of 'countries. it is lira to us as the tnetalic four circulating edi tm. it can be secured `only by a mint, and one should be sent out ith * There is atipresent Inn very little gold i. • ifornia, and the consequence is, this grain Fold here for lib the ounce.. ,It has been 11 by aseAsnplettraterson, and proved to be 23i good.ehuatist, tit refore, be worth at.our mint double what it is sold fur here. ['curly 1E CHOLERA AT NEW ORLEANS. [Corrolspo'pdar.ce of the N.. Y. 4,3un.] ret-to-inform you of the.arrivalvfn hark with gase>t•itf the cholera on board. nig vassal ark ..t,ilcia Fiela, Capt• Rich. It appears e-sailed from New York for. Matanzas, and to Constadt, up the Baltic; on her' return, I at Bremen, taking 100 passengers, sailed for rleami. On heylntssage across the Atlantic, I re' Amen/ is the thut sh thence stoppe, New 20 or more of her passengers, five having rice she mode the Bahama Banks, and she has sick at present on board. The cases exhibit ,symptoms of the disease during its ravages ; and many who died et set. on board the _ _ .he died si several all the in 183•; oboi,e did not liro'rtiore than • six hours after Ihe ap . arence . ofthe - These sots I have iearrt roan the officers of the ship I happened to be on bo d the boat that, towetthernip (comma, .and ; 4114-s„ qlr PPPori4 l l l itYlbc•knoWin'-. • • i ottrri iu bane, Nitiv ORt.gfoio. Nov. 29. MINERIAL. WEALTH OF CALIPORNIA. ' -i_. ' - . _ .. .. ~,.. ! --, ,i Tte tnr;iti;ry t?l• Califlniee' s tbe acquiiition - , - - - ef lihichby'ilielllgred - Sintel waiiio vigotnOsty iiiid iteri rnestly , !ipprd by soine;,andtalded by„ottteis a* liarently. IYrfs it appeat* tofitesent abatis fora =dangertnii sectional cgifation, stint nowlitginifing i? to attrac t ouch of the public attention. The stn.- iies that first reached lie of, the; developementeof its mineral wealth being made untler its brief and par tial American occupation, have been derided as ex aggerated and fabulous; but the later Atennts, from official and well authenticated sources; have inure than fully confirmed them. ,- . . . .. , Front these accounts, the fabled El Dorado is as nothing, compared to the gold. regionsi of Alta Cal ifornia, and tile - 'Pattolean'strettm a-mere Mild putt; die, to the fUn Sacramento. The tract known a 4 the "gold region" is said to extend on' birth aide:? of the mountains, known as the Sierra Nevada, and to embrace a surface larger thauthe,istate- of New Ytirk ! Thia is all, with the exception of one small tract, on the public hinds of the territory, end their value has been estimated at a thousand millions of , dollars . 1 Such are the -reports made to _the•War and Nivy Department,by the United States efficerti. The, mines <if iplieksilver are said utmost to rival those of gold in richness, and extent. . The Ca iftirnia Star states, the discovery; of the gold mine tit hate 'thus been made : Somertiine last spring, in openinga ditch to Start a mill wltich they had I built at the betid of the Sacramento, Messrs. Marshal and Ilenneit found some pure gold that the c o irrent had deposited under it. Immedi ately this began to attract the attention lof the neighboring people.' Further search for th) preci ous Metal was made, and with such success that in a few weeks, alino..t the whole ptipulation 'turned otit to engage in the work. Says the Star : "There are about 4011 whites and a few Indians who have engaged in the labor of the mines. The city of San Francisco, which then contained a poi,- elation of 'about '2OO bouts, is entirely deserted—on ly twelve Ziff fifteen persons remaining there. In a part of the Mine culled the 'dry excavttion,' no other instrument is needed but' a string butcher's knife to dig the gold from the rocks. In ofher places, aslinOtiorgia and North Carolina, the mach inery is very simple for collecting and separating it. The gietaest number, hoWever, use nothing but an Indian basket, in which they place the mud, and shake it until the gold settles to the bottom, and the dirt passe out through the,sides in the form of mud dy water.l" , t • A letter in our hands; - from a prominent source at Washington containa_the following intolreining informatit., . . . "A cot munieation has been received within a few days front Col. Mutton, in relation to the'success of the mild Searchers hi California, that makes as tonishingldevelopements, which would be incredible if not vouched for by him, who visited the gold re gion incredulous of the rvports_ %tidah he received front it. Ile thinks the quantity exhaustless, and that the arneunt which will be gathered there would pay the expenses of the Mexican war one hundred MIMI OVCI! -"The rate of compensation to common labor re is from one to two ounces per $l6 or 32. The region is many miles in extent. The beds of the streams anti gullies are fullol it. Ile estimates that front thirty to sixty thousand dollars worth is gathered daily, and success fearfully augments the passions of the people.' All the necessarit.s and many of the luxuries of lite command most eshor bitant prices. It is estimaied that there are now four thousand engaged in this pursuit, and the whole country lel flo n wing in an overwhelming tide to this real EI Dorado. • "The ships in the harbor of Son Francisco are deserted by their crews. No inan's services can be obtained without en enorm o us price. He says that an officer's pay and emoluments ore not sufficient to procure a servant to attend him. In his opinion, it would be impossible to prevent the desertion of the troops•. His force is greatly reduced by that cause. One of the dragoons obtained a,forlough for twenty days. He went to the'gold country and was there only about ono week, and returned with $l5OO worth id gold—a suni notch larger that he will re ceive front government if he serves out his enlist ment live 'years. "The Indians constitute the principni;.part of the 'sharers. Owl their eavuullitiog.ia eutiroly eltanged....- 111 Stead of being content as formerly , with only a ~, . rhrsv seek fine clothes, and nay boor mons prices for them. Everything is incredibly high. Aunt. is $36 per bbl.• Col. M. ment• an, instance where a hot( of Seidlitx powders, which cost one Shilling, was sold fur an ounce and alai( of gold, $24. Col NI. eoys "The Principal store at Sotter's Fort, that of• Brannon & Cu. has received in payment for goads $3.6,000 worth of gold fruit the Ist May to the 10th of July. Other mer Chan's have also made exten sive sales. Large onninfties of 'grinds • were daily sent forward in the Mines, as the Indians, heretofore poor and depraved, hove saddettly become consumers of the lux ! uries of life. . The greater part of the farmers and ranchero's have abandoned their fields to go to the mines. This is not the case, however, with Capt. Sutter, ' who is carefully gathering his wheal estimated at 40,000 bushels. Floor is already'worth $36 n barrel and will be $5O. Unless large q >ninnies of bread stuff reach the cniintry, much sulfcring will Occur ; but as each man ia now able to pay a Jorge price, it, is believed that me t .: chants Wi,ill bring from Chili nod Oregon a plentiful supply fur l the ensuing winter. " The ip ost moderate estimate I could obtain from men nequinte I with the subject, was that upwards of 4000 r ten were working in the gold district, of %Omni mnre thait half were Indians, and that from tit,3o 000 th $50,000 worth of gold, is daily obtain ed. " Many Persons, it is said, hove collected in one day, in gold of) the pore;t kind, frum three to eight bun ffred dollars each, and for many days together from seventy-de to one hundred dollars a day. Solid lumps of gold have liven found equal to $4OOO, in value. ( f course, thin is not general, but yet . it- is said thathe mean proportion is so Well determined, the, when a min does not collect with facilitythir ty or forty dollars ,a day he moves' with his basket to arothe • place. Four t honsand persons thus en gaged, allowing fur loss 'of time, - and such as are women ati(l childien, would at -least produce one mince of k old per day, oinking an aggregate product of 4000 o nces, or $64,00 per diem. In view ,of such a state of things, the California writer may well exclaim: " As to ttie future prospects of r iCali• fornia, it4rogress will be no rapid as to astonish the world. Its on•lvalled mines of goliWiilver, iron lead and quicksilver, together with its delightful climate, and its unexamided richness oft soil, 'will make it the garden spot of creation." - 1 Such is California-91Mb is the oindemnity for the past' l and the prospect fur the future,) which the American administration, in maintaining unsullied the honorl of the notion, Ims, after a brilliant and glorious war, acquired for the benefit of i 'die whole .country. 1 It is difficult ,o conceive the value of thin acquisition. Even if the gold shall provelo be less abundant,! the fertility of:that region, will invite em igrants l ittler, and the facilities which,. a regular line of st rimers from New -York to San Francisco, presents, iend by which passengers may reach Cali fornia in a'month, will increase and invitb it beyond any prese t calculations. - ABIER'ItAN INVENTION3.—Amongst o great variety of new in, entions exhibited•at the annul fair of the American' Institute in N. York the Tribune notices one that is very-curions.cnd yet ample. lt,is "self lump-lighter," which is thus described: i•What won't ingenti!ty - accomplish) Mere we have an invention by which lamps or candles may be lighter at any moment of time by a clock. or a pull of a ord. If attached to an alarm •clock,'a light mai be produced at any hour., In cases where people wish to rise at a certain ,unusual time of eight all liat is to he dme is to set: the,elock and wake the connection of the lamp-lighter "all"right" and then i lwhen the hour comes a round you have a tamp alre dy lighted at the same time. Certainly very convenient. When not desired•to beeonnect ed with a clock, Wean be attached to a cord termin ating-it t7tne place near the bed, like a - bell pullom that it is only tiecesary to pull the cord to produce a light previous to rising. It is designed alseto be attached t o the bell bangerof a front door.'tbat pul ling the bell instantly makes a Heal° see . krin the ball,'or any other part of the ItoutOr The juimintors is Mr. Alexander Ben nett of this , City." _ a,". said a tender hearted slarker; , Pone . , all dead; 'fodder. one too:: 'Frald to ti ) you of bir• I MEE! NM Mli THE WEEKLY OBSERVER; MMI=SI SAT lIRDAY NORNNG, DEC E MBER I 8; ii3;l4, WfIAT WILL DE . Do: The all absorbing topic_ among the politicians, Editors and letter writers in the country, is the future course of the President elect. The r "ultrs" whige. led on by ,hl3 North Ans'erican. and that ilk of _papers and politicians, will be satisfied with nothing short of carrying out the 'ultra" measures of the whig party to the fullest extent. 'With them a National Bank and the repeal of the Con:. stitutional Treasury, are absolutelr necessary to, set the lifeblood of prosperity coursing through the veins of the• body politic. To keep that blood, tfitis set in motion, healthy, a protective tariff', after the'moddleof that of 184 must ho administered to the patient; and after this, if ho s hould still, appear drowsy. and inclined to an ,asth metic cough, a Bankrupt Law. fashioned after that of Fillmore memory, must 'given as before. On:the oth er hand, the Taylor men, who are_ not "ultra, whip," enter their protest against any such course of treatment— ' they prefer the homeopathic system, and will not listen at all to the patient's being subjected to "large doses" of "ultra whig" measures. With them a National Bank, a protective tariff"; or a Bankrupt law. aro synonymous with political 'suicide:- They say let alone the tarifrit works *ell enough—give; us no Bank, and if the Inde 'pendent Treasury law, is imperfect, amend it,,but do not repeal it.l This is tho languagreof the Journal of Commerce, Now York Mirror. and other original Taylor papera, whose efforts in the old General's cause are well known, and more likely to be recognized by him than any of his elerenth-hour supporters, like the North American, Trib une, and their echoes through the country. When we add 'to this, the evidence which is furnished daily of a disposition on the part of his original supporters every where to throw overboard the old whig lenders and their principles, and set up for themselves, we are tempted to believe that this much celebrated-whiz victory, will not turn out exactly the victory the "ultras" bargained for.— And if the newspaper gossip relative to the cavalier "rough and ready" manners he treats tho "ultras"-who bore him with their advice and applications for the "loaves and fishes," - are true, then indeed will our whig friends have a "good time of it.," not only in regard to the spoils, but their measures also. For instance, the Journal of Commerce tells a story, upon what it states to be reliable authority, which if true, would seem to show that tho General is determined not to "lend himself to party schemes," and no mistake. It says an over zealous whig wrote to him very ,urgently 'recommending that Mr. Clay should be consulted on these subjects, (his-fu ture policy, cabinet, &c.) and stating that the writer had also written 'to Mr. Clay in regard to the matter. ;The old General enveloped the letter and sent it back to tho writer, without comment. No doubt ho has been encum bered with'advice as to his public course, and that he-will pay as little attention to it, as it deserves. In this state of matters, the question, "what will the now President do?" becomes of deep interest to all classes—to the "ultra" whip, because if ho does not come up to their idea of a whig President, and use his power and patronage to car ry out their old and obsolete. but still cherished ideas Of political economy, wo shall hear such swearing and cursing as the acts of John Tyler never called out. To the "moderates," who see in such a course sure political death, and consequently are ready and anxious to seize the present moment to get rid of the- name "wide and its dead s weighte, and form a new party, because upon "his course all their hopes rest. To the Democrate.' be canse they well know that if he does not "yield himself to party schemes," and blindly follow the lead and' di rection of . Clay,,Corwin, Greeley, dr, Co., lie, and his in dependent supporters, who aro tiled battling for the thread-bare theories 'of monopolists, will be as surely driven into their ranks 'Lathe day arrives. For our own part, what, we have scarcely a hope that Gen. Taylor Will DO slink,' to stand up to hie pledges before the election,' surrounded as he will be at first by whigery in its most e mond ready. enema tie be able to do sot - to defend him with as It warmth against the sure attache of those who have elected him, us we would have defended Limn C. 154 had No been elected. We go for principles and measures.—tho principles and measures, with ono,or gwo exception of Vie present administration— and if therremain undisturbed for the next four years Oen. Taylor will be entitlejl to more of the gratitude of the A'morican people than ho had )(Ought twenty such battles as Buena Vista. Ts. Taylor has it in his pow er, if lie possesses the re' nisite qualities, to become es popular with the masses as Gen. Jackson. But will he do so? The qulstiou is one of deep import, which time alone can solve. ICT We sometime siuce,saw the name of JA?ies Oss ttw, of Meadville. suggested in the Crawford pensocral, for tho post of Scargent-at i Arms of the next House of Representatives of this Mate. We thought we recogniz ed in the name an old brother typo, and intended, ere this, to have given the recommendation a hearty ender sal, but "circumstances.' prevented. That Mr. 0. is well qualified for the post he solicits, we have no doubt; we trust, therefore, his claims will receive a favorable con-' sideration from the people's representatives. • Oy Courist.—The Whig papers, great and small. "Tray, Blanch and Sweetheart." are down on the Mes sage of President Polk, like a "thousand of brick." One fellow who claims a groat deal of independence, candor and wit, gives it as hi■ decided opinion' that the message is a "humbug." For our part, we know of no one bet tor capable of judging a "humbug" than this satno "in-', dependent" editor, for among the small humbugs of the age he is entitled to a premiun; hut in this case, the thing to be judged, is so far above his comprehension, that we lIIIItIt be premittod to differ with him. Another, who has but ono idea, and that "free - dirt,'' gives it as his decided opinion that the President wrote all that part of the message relative to the Tariff and a National Bank, for the purpose of—what think you, reader? Nothing less thou the establishment of slavery in our new territories! Wo have seen people jump at etrange conclusions, but this leap in the air beats Sam Patch's last. The whigs prop er, or perhaps we should say "ultras," do not Itke it, be cause it is so long—covering the entire subject of our do mestic and foreign policy, and because he presumes to recommend such' measures as ho deems best calculated to promote the welfare of the country.' We recollect be fore it was Veceived some time, these same gentlemen were making themselves very unhappy, because it was rumored by some of the wise letter-writers at Washing ton OM the President wonld recommend nothing. A grumbler will be suited with nothing, and our opponents, in regard to the message. are very much in each a posi tion. SocrnE. E Mr. Lot Irvin, proprietor of the furnace at West Greenville, .Mercer county. hanged himself at that place ou Tuesday night of last week. Pecuniary embar rassments arc said to have lid to the conunission of this rash act. Mr. I. was a brother of General James Irvin, of Centre county. How IT , IKA, Dove,—The Boston Times, says that when the news of the• lateselection began to reach that city, one of the money lords, there exclaimed, in the ex uberance of his feelings—.of have disbursed this season at least.ammuos or am.t.sas ituthe4coal regions of Penn? . sylvania, every dollar of which wassexpended in snch'a manner as to help the whigu to accomplishthis glorious triumph?" If this btitritit;,B, is not .to be wondered at that the Federal vote of Bottaylkill county !mecca in creased fifty por.cem.since 1814. UNITED STATE! MIVAL OFINCNSIII GOING AllllOlO,-1I is stated that ComModore rozhall A. Parker. Con-mend ors Dupoot,Ruchananand Barron have received furloughs from the Navy Department. for the purpose of proceeding to Europe. to organize the new navy recently created by the feder9l german government: Commodore Parker Is to have rink of admiral. lisd his colleagues, it is stated, that Of vice-MiMitstl.: *Os' .the coiresponding :Pei and Par►oolo _-THE MASK THRpWN.OFF. ' Th'reexciteliiiiol4 of the electlen le scarcely over. and the eticcessful party have hardlt had tints to fejt:dm:be fore the maeltfit thrown off, and the piople of the North, who listened to their humbug pretensions of opposition to slavery in the new territories. are told by Gen. Taylor 1 himself Ojai if they "attempt to interfere with the Ave question," ho is "for drawing the sword and throwing away the scabbard." -The following letter is conclusive ou this poitit: Nercurz, Nov. 13, 1818. lion. A. G. Brown—Dear Sir : As nil parties concede that Gon. Taylor 14 elected Provident, I hasten to inform you that ho is thrown of all disguise, and conceals no opinion. S. S. Boyd, who you know to be radical on the slave ry question, and who often says that Stephens' position is ~b suril, called pinelain and myselfone side yesterday, add told,us that "ho had that day spent seine hours with Gen. Tiiylor, and that he was right on all the points, and', without speaking of the territories, the old gentleman distinctly and earnestly declared that when the North attempted to interfere with the slave 'question, he was for DRAWIND THY. SWORD AND Tither NO AWAY THE SCA RBA RD. ' About this, Boyd says there is no 'mistake, and ho does not hesitate to pronounce " Old Zack" perfectly sound. Of all this you may rest assured. What change other influences May.make in his mind. I cannot say, but his Southern friends, who hear him talk on the 'subject, say he is not the man to give up an opinion deliberately fortried. " He willgo with the free States on the tariff and in ternal improvement questions, and with the slave State« on the Free Soil quest.on • * • • • I • - "Yours . truly, F. L. GIAIROR.NE.' Now, is not this a beautiful !evolution of the opinion of a man our whmig friends hell up as st,"free soil" can c . ditlatel Was - there ever; a more transPareat htimbug perpetrated upon the people than the election of Gen. Taylor us the friend of "Freedom," and the "advocate" par-excellence of "free soil." Verily, but there will be a reckoning day with the Smiths, Ashmuns, Corwins, and small-fry orators of the p9rty. when these unofficial opinions of Gen. Taylor, are put forth as President. .CONTRADICTED.—The reported murder of Major Sin ger, wife and•sieter-in-law, is contradicted. The °flair Was said td have occurred previous to tho 10th inst., but a letter has been receives it St. Louis, from the 'Major, on the 11th inst. • Er Weise by th• Pittsburgh Post. that one ANI nr.w N. Bstraty, who that pisper says formerly resided in this county, was arrested in Pittsburgh - for Passing counter feit city script. FUN VtIONG THE PI CTSI.II , BOI/ EUITOR! - he Pittsburgh Editors are having's "good time" of it, in fixing out Gan. Taylor's appointments. Not long since the Journal nom inated*Major for a place in GC!). Taylor's cabinet, whereupon the Gazette nominated "Old Whitey" for some post of honor. This,•as "done in sport" by the funny deacon. The Journtl, soon after recommended JOSIAH RANDAL!, Esq., for Attorney General tinder Old Zack, upon which the wag of the Democratic Post, says he presumes the Gazette. not to be outdone In the businers of Cabinet making. will duly nominate the General's ne gro overseer, to some distinguished place at Washing ton. Go it, whiggies! TT The Auburn Daily Advetriser, Whig, says that ev,. ery colored voter in that city, tive in number, voted for Gen. Taylor; end the Albany Journal remarks that •'there is little danger that colored electors will mistake their duty on their friends:" , So much fur the ••big Anus" and "little Amts." &c. of New York. ENOUGH roll ALL PRACTICAL PIIRPOSIM—The whiz majority on join-ballot in the New York Legislature is only one hundrell and sii. This is sufficient for all prac tical purposes, 11 1 . e should say, and is a beautiful illustra tion of the axioin — of "united we stand, divided we fall." EXCZLI.ELT.—Amo,ng the latest schemes contemplated by the cotton planters of South Carolina, is the establish ment of a bank in each of the cotton states. to enable the grower to hold his crop until it can be sold at a fixed val ue. It is p - roposed to advance money, on this faith of cot ton. This is excellent—the banks ot.llsoon hold not on ly the cotton, but the plantations. **GO . IT mina... ■uu ker. l'imau."--The Philadelphia Son, the nneire-orgaa, this., throws down the gage toe the . "nitres." There is mideutly a "jolly row" hi prospect. “We smell a jolly row among the old hunkers, and our blood is on.Gre to let loose the true grit Taylor men up on them! Tho oioitern wing of the State Muse is not more pure than the !cu. , / was, and needs Taylor reform as nitwit. iSo come on; we throw-down the gage, and dare any ultra Whigito take it up: Set the people moving, and there will be such a racing and chat , ing, in, around and abort that"wieg of the State House, as has never been heard of since.tho celebrated race, of Johnny Gilpin." Gobv.v's LAnY's Bousi.—Among the many light peri odicalii which haver appealed to the public for support, none have haett more _successf l u I than Godey's Lads is 800k...a work combining en many attractions ass.) be al most irresist:ble. Its contributors have been and are among the most agreeable story Writers of the country, and to this fact, perhaps, more than any.other, is its great success atributable. The number for January has al readymade its appearace, and is truly a superior one. It has a number of elegant engravings, a plate of the fash ions, a piece of music, and the usual Variety of entertain ing reading matter. - COMFORTABLE.—By the exemption law passed at the last session of the Legislature cifiN L isconsin, a comforta ble little property is exempted from legal liability. The law goes into operation after the first of January. The Madison Argus thinks it a reasonable estimate to say that in general one thousand dollars worth of personal prop erty is covered. Add to this forts• acres of land with all buildings and improvements thereupon—or a village lot not exceeding one-fourth of an acre, with _like improve ments—and no limit as to value, and an estimate can be formed of the aggregate amount of Property to which le gal liability will not attach hereafter, unless wo except the privilege enjoyed by debtors of mortgaging their.re ahri•. Tr Imagine the effect which President 'Polk's mes sage must have upon Gen. Taylor, as it breaks'in upon his studies in politiCal economy:! While perusing this long and able - manifesto of our,affairs, this masterly vin dication of the democratic policy and administration, this triumphant record of, gigantic steps in our majestic march to greatness, the modest old soldier will repeat to himself a thotisand times, his doubts of his capacity for the exalted duties so soon to devolve upon him. God grant that, the politicians have not led the penpo into a great mistake! There is no mistake in our iustitUtions, and -it is democracy only that has the patriotism and the power to'guido the Union onward. THE .Got.o REGION.—We call attention to the copious extracts hi another column relative to the Gold region of California. We will next week publish the official re port of Col. Mason relative to the some. It will bo seen thatthe facts are equal to the most sanguine reverts first received, and that this "barren and worthless ,acquisi tion," as our Whig friends sneeringly stigmatized it, is one vast mine of gold, quicksilver. and other 'valuable minerals. These accounts will stimulate the : cupidity of universal Yankeedotu, and ere a twelve-month wo shrill see her hills and valleys yielding a -stream of golden wealth that wit! astonish and electrify the world. Thi s . too will settle the slave-question without legislation, or agitation. To our young men, we say co—the field is inviting:end With proper energy fortunes can be made in a short time. ED' We see that a company' is forming in ißuffalo• for AO Gold region of California'. It is to be baked on the principle of a joint-stock and Mutual insurance compa ny. Each member is to contribute a certain -amount of capital, and !mitre his share of the proceeds, without re gard to s sickness or other accidents. An excellent ar rangeMent. TY' Senators Benton and Butler • have becine recon ciled to each other.. Benton. on the day of the meeting of Songress. advanced. the correspondent of the Journal of Commerce says. and offered his hand to Sr. Butler; which was accepted... , ~.. ~~ paragraphs for trye ftlitton. LT Cincinnati is getting to he a nice place. Three men entered a house in that city. the other night, and knocked down a Mrs. Miller. Hei husband had gone for the watchman and returned to find hie wife bleeding on the floor and his furniture destroyed. CD" We learn that a commission has been aptioi ote d by the government, com.isting of three from the nary and three from the army, to procee d Immediately to ei e Pacific, for the purpose of founding dockyarks in our ports iii Oregon and California. Other duties of a kin.. Bred nature will also devolve upon the commissioners.— Their histriictions will be clear and explicit, so n o t o e . vent rivalry and insure the completest harmony and ef. ficiency between the representatives of the - two seteicee in the important business,' entrusted to them. The exp o . dition will probably journey overland. Tho Memphis Enquirer says it is contemplation to establish ono or more Cotton Factories in Memphis. Q 7 A Teller of the Exchange Bank. of Boston paid out on Saturday, on a banking check, $1,,000 for $lOO. The man who received the, money has not yet distovend • the mistoke. GrE4ERAI. Tayton.—We learn from good authority, s the Cincinnati Atlas, that General Taylor does cot expect-to-leaire home fur Washington till the latest hour pOssible. He must be in -Washington a Atari time pro. vfoint to . tho 4th of March. It is prsurned he will leave Botisit'Rougo about throe, weeks previous io etc(' that lie viii he in Cincinnati one nighti A piAui l rer. Frrnacr.—Labort—'Why map of idle. ness, labor reek( d You in the cradle, and has nourished your pampered life; Without it, the woven silks and wool upon 3 our balk would be in the silkworm's nest and the fietces in the shepherd's fold. For the meanest thing that ministers to human want, save the air of heaven, -- man is indebted to toil; and even the air, by God's wise ordination, is breathed with labor. It is only the 'drones who toil'not, who infest the hive of activity like masses of corruption and decay. The lords of the earth are the working men, who can build or cast down at their will, and who retort the sneer of the "soft-handed," by point ing to their trophies, whereyer art, science, civilization, and humanity are known. Work on, man of toilt thy royalty is yet to be acknoweldged aaiabor rises onward to the highest throne of power. Work on. and in the language of a true poet, ho "A glorious man! and thy renown shall be Born by the winds and waters thro' all time, While thero's a keel to carvo it ou the sea From clime to clime, Or God ordains that idleness is a crime." (Er Timothy Whelem, an Irishman, was shot dead ea the 2-Ith of Oetobir. near Fort Gibson, Arkansas, by Charles Griffin, a Cherokee. The murder was debber• ate, wilful and wahout provocation; but the murderer was drank mil' General Ca.Rs is to deliver the annual address on on .i2;2(1 of December, before the New Digland Society of Detroit O' Eliza Sherwood, a little old woman of 65 years has been arrested in New York for picking pockets, sod !coat' purses and pocket-books were found in her mull. SIIALSPEARE FRENCIIIFIED.-A French , an, who. aspired to do the leading parts in an Englith theatre; gave the folloixing *lin specimen of his ability to play Richard the Third: Now is de Winter of,dam uneasiness, Made i And de Of de I Dead I ave Dam I And, As I w into hot wedder by York's little boy. s vot you call de son of YotEt;) S dark cloud which stick at top salt.se, in de bottom of do_sen uricd But as for me, ohs! e bump upon any back—l ov i e l i andy lea-149 unfashionable; and— or all dis de dant dog bow wow , st,rne, alk bv him." 1 A religious editor defines mtrthfutneas to d f:Mlence of hell; prepared by the &ref old of him whoiliinks it?" Amaiabla crea• PI TASANT be •'the refill i to poison the Piro. q(•.. , --Three years ago Zachary Taylor was tme. lle fought a few battles successfully. rots the destiny of the Notion. Bow en to our yo Jig men: It speaks a language Junderstood '•Never mind your grarotnant s. boys; sour constitution or latta. Only .mat system, and become good pugilists.- In übstitute the rifle and the bayonet forth" hich nature h tidow ea) -ystu. Po dna, and reatness lies fully open. The brave ever ailed; the man of blood before the civilian! "Beneath the rule of men EN . COURAGI unknown to and now con, connieing not to be or nrithroeti brace the an due sertsezi s arms with w the path of ! before the le the pen. is mightier than the scrord!- 7 ch-enchenter's and! Itself nothing! sorcery from th• master hand Entire'y gre! Behold the al But catchingl to Cirstsrs,,and to striker To paralyze 1 The loud ea It breathleni! Take awat• t e sword— oared without it' , Btatea can Gel inc MAN that doth no paper take, rudning two dollars once a year, 'ill never a goat husband make, remiss his wife can never know what Is l ip• world, and his children will Tery, ignorant ing on in the. appear e is rather too long for good jingle. but the roc. the Ilst moral is so , I, hanfin London 'rocontly entered at tan! !I ri" A men tom House the mienl du them to be u with 10 per c ', them toi au cli, es des ned 700 worth or watches and proposed to r :pay y.l The government officials onapseting, der-valneit took -them at the appraise meat. .nt, authorized in such eases! On sending . 1 1 they Wert found to be Peter Funk watch= o 'doubt for the Now York' market. - . •5 FO) YVCATAN.—The hark Florida, sailed • rleans on the L'E'th ulh, for the 'port of other instalhnentof the Yucatan Battalion, : r. Col. George W. White Lt. Col. Be . McDowell, Capta. Mace and Tobin, ill .ride. The number no in-the field or on els. is about 800. VOLUNTEE from New Sisal, with a 370 in numb sanenn, Ma' left in the FIB aboard of vest ames Taylor's (of Ky.) will disposing of hie te,:was lately rejected by the County Court on for probate. Yet it is said thatlio!digs ilte among the heirs. They have emancipa , forty in number. Thie.riged and children (17 Gen. inmeneo es on presentat Lion will ens ted his slave are provided T. , —1• o c l ip the followiugfrom tho 1 ,. /; z i titnn:--Mr. R. G. Kyle left somo apples at w days since, that ho informs us are part Of p that grow on the same tree this year. This imo we ever heard of a similar cirsual• BEAT TH sippi Jocks, our office a tho third cr is tho first stance." YOETRT.—' • Whet n - beautiful place exclaimed a little'boy. ••Why do you think tie father. ••I3ecauso." said he. alluding If enaito in the floor aro so beautiful." CH ILDIIO heayeti is:' so?" asked the stars. " ated that Gen. Taylor haa Bent in his Tellg• ajor General commanding the Wostirn ar• '•flect on - the AM of February. Er It is s nation as 1 11 my, to tako us' A Cunt: ron CIIOLICKA:-Dr. James MP. :on at. the_reckbarn House Asylum, Ent , has !dud chloroform in ten cases of volig . with complete - success; sin of the patients etly recovered, and four being convalescent., Cticonor resident sit .! states thath . nazi chide having pert.' AL Dirrintsci.—A clergyman of a c ountrl d his clerk- to_ give notice that there would in the afternoon, as ?le was "going to elk .ther The clerk, as aeon as • as ended, coiled , out„ "I am desired to gill) ere, willbe ni Service this afternoon, as Mr. A MATER village &sir, be no servicl dare for an l the service notice that t L.le going II Bulsver's
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers