. , mmg enough, god That to wield its' ireSollirees it uceeFitfully in ie., and t•-pee fall) in war, more Iwo er ehonld be strate.l twits hand-. This ittere.l,4l puler the) did not seek, lin lo the lettltonate nud preseribed mode—an amendment ,•:,...iitittion — but by CONSTRecTION. The, sass . tZtwetinnenta • 0, 1 (10 based upon different orders 'of .socirty, and no . ..muted no to thrall: the Whole power of nation, into the bands .1 lot ‘sho taxed and contrrlled the Warily ,11110lIt respaistLili stralid. aoureit ol the strength of nations in, • to that arrangeownt they f,retlsted. There it m 4 :11 , something fascinating in this lux dir„play 0 „,1,,,,h,r order Who dross their NN rail from ;• 11 of the lii.. tuitiollionu. The author.. of this systen drew !.1 hlettS Orpolitir rev:lt:ln) from %%hat they had is itilueqed ill rp . , panic WWI) 11,..t. mat Itrita tug • 'l' hey bud mess en) the enor ,,o,celitrated in a file hands and hid seen the of oVer-run establishments of an ari4todracy %%inch tan b) the re-trim ise-sofimy. They forgot to look don n upon cla,c , of the t:ttulish population, upon n linen da ply Will el , 1.11..0 IV great. eitablt 4 hilletint the) so much adniired, here .oidported. They failed to perceive that the scanty Kali clad 04 . catiieu acre oat only in abjeet poverty, but r. '-mull In of oppremstle city nude for the benefit of ,laiseri ho Te ve objects of the care of the gov ot. It us a< not pOgsible to reconstruct cadiety in the 7, nited • m - upon the European plan—here there was a written er,n,ti-• .1 11 in or,ters and titles were notrccognized or tolerated. ' as therefore des calemlated, if !HAAB to withdraw pert: er gradually and silently from tlw states of the people, and by Vollgiflttlioll' to approvimate otsernmeol to I:titopeall inihmlitliting all aristocracy AIM for that of order and titles. reflecting upon the diasinnitarity of- ottrinsti :v..na, and the condition of our [people' and those of Eu ,, the conceived tho vain idea of building tip in tho , Statcol a. system bitnilar hi that which they ad : d abroad. Great Britain hatl'a National Bank of .. ..capital, in Altos° hands was consontrated the motto and financial powors of the nation; an institution „ilea almost kingly power and exerting vast influence All the operations of trade. nod upon the policy of go vPrnment itself. Great Britain had an enormous di 14, and it had become a part of her public policy agard this as a •'public blessing." Groat Britai n ba4 ) A reArictive policy which placed fetters and burdens :fa de, and trammeled the productive industry of the ;3 1. of the nation. fly her combined system of policy, :elm!!lords ?Mil other property holders, were protected e i enriched by the enormous taxes which were levied )11 tho lAbour of the country for their radvantage. -Imitating this foretgn policy, the first stop in establish : the new syntein in the United Staten was the crention Nntional Bank, not foreseeing, the dangerous poWer ]countleNs evils which such an institution might en upon the country, nor perceiving the connexion which de:dgned to form between thollank and the other ,nches of the miscalled '•American System," but feel. , the embarrru.sments of the Treasury and of the busi- thecountry conacquent upon the . war. some of ' ..utte•inen who had held different rind sounder views „ f , induced to yield their scruples, and, indeed settled ,anotio3s of its unconstitutionality, and to vivo it their a r.cnon, ns an expedient which they vainly hoped might e relit 1. ;; sag a most unfortunate error, as the subsequent his and th u d catastrophy of that dancerous and corrupt o.ation l'oivo abundantly proved. Th. Bank, and its ~p,rsas branchos, ranpried into the States, soon hro't of tho actiye politicians ane intluencial men in dif -I;tsections of dee country' into the relittiomof debtors K, CUJ dependents upon pecuniary favors; - thus ditlii ...l,Jriizhout the inosq of society a great number.of „casl. 61 cower and influence to give tone t o public su s aed to art in concert in cases of emergency.— tr power of such a practical engine is do linger spi.culation, haying keen displayed in !miner but most signally ?11 tho political strukgles 143'2-3 and 4, iu opposition to tho public will r pre ,itei; hi a fearless and patriotic President. 3to the Wink was but one branch of the new system. debt of wore than —120,00,000 exitted;ind it iiigt to ho do:rinsed that any of the authors of the new ax d.l not regard its payment usseatiat t,o tiro ,r pro-. l ••rit: but IL/I,ul it pan its continuance 411 mitt evil. Wilde the debt nxistcd, it furnished iii cent and evident rendered taxation to the amount of the intoiest, eNceedittg it], WO,- 1 operated to harmenv with the next blanchqf the .t spite in At Ijiell Was s high pi utective Taritt This to to anotil bounties to favored dosses 'and particulath :.•-a.zs at the exzPOUNP cf all otlisrs. A proposition to I,zlv , whole people fur the purpose of enriching a low. (LI zoo monstrous to be eln:ly made. .4eachrtn s e was, :relate set under the pl.tusitle , but neltisit e pretext DielSUre to "protect borne industry.r and many of .r were, s for a time, led to belleve t tliat alas which Rlll ll f e ll upon labor, was fur the benefit of the la eh(' raid it. ThiS branch of the System invol'Ves -ir.s.-rt hip between the government land •thefavered .-tes—nte former receiviac the proceeds of the tax lin oui on articles imposed, .Lind the bul - the increased • t of ciutlar articles produced at home, caused by .'I tat. It is obsion that the positimi to be received Vie favored, would t% a general rule; be increased in - .yortiou to theiticrease ul the late rate's of tax, improv .-wil thiniuished as these rates were reduced to the rev -.e •tandard required by the wants of ;the government. ',i.txteszeguired to produce a sufficient revenue for the Array expenditures of govertiment, fur necessary pur ,v, were not likely to give to the private partners in pro tits sutlicieutio satisfy their cupidity; and m, a variety of expedients-and protcats were resorted r the purpose of eitlargiiig the. eXpepdtteres, and ..rby.oreating a necessit) for keeping up a high pro- Tariff: etreet of this policy, was to interpose reiatreatrie - tion upon the national course of thn busi and trade of 'the country, and to advance the inter of largo capitalist and monopolists, at the expenses of .t great mass of the people who were taxed to increase '•ir wealth. . I Anaiher branch of this - systent was 'n comprehensive nrr of In'ornal inlfirovc in ent. capithlo of . 131dt:finite Arge moot. and sufficient to swallowjup as many mil as could bo extracted from tiro Juroign neierce of tho country. l'his wits ri convenient and niljunct of the provactlvo 'rand: It was to bo -.7...sealisorbent'of uuy surplus which might at any accumulato in the Vrea•ritry, and of tho taxes lovica lin. people, not for necessary revenuo purposes, hut ae. avowed object of airording protection to tho favor- ;claws. . I Auxiliary to the srme end, if it was not an essential :: of the system itself, was the achetue which at a la. • pried, obtained fiir distributing the proceeds of the -s of the public lands among the dlllbrent States.— ' t-r expedients were devised to take money out of the 'tiara.," andreventi its coming in from any ‘ other ..ree than apr fectiria ono. Thu authors and support -lathe systam were the advocates of the largest expeu i iris, whether for necessary or useful purposes or not, • ,:u.e the larger the' expenditures (ho greater was rho • .-‘t for high Cocos, in the form of protective duties. hest, Boverfil measures were austatned by popular .i.s and plausible arguments, by vhicli thousands •re deluded. The batik was represented to be an in --nsable fiscal agent for the government; was tikegna. • "t i hanges, and to regislant and furnish a sou s cur ' i always and everywhere, of uniform valuaa. 'lite ht..; tariff was to give employment to " A'ffierican --- at advanced prices; was to " protect home Indus and furnish a ready market for the fit titer. Inter • uprovetnents were to bring trade'on to every 'neigh -9d—enhance the value of every man's property.— '• distribution of the Lind money was to enrich the ~ finish their public works, iilant schools throughout •c. borders, and relieve them from taxation. But the ,'.hat for every dollar taken out of the Treasury for '•nhas-ts, a murk larger sum was transferred Innis the :tits of the people to the favored classes, was hontinu i tied ealed, its was also the tendency, if not 'the ulti i.- ili Sign, of the system to build up an aristocracy of al.ll, to control the inasselof society, and monopolize •Jiel,tieal power of the country. Li.e tel. oral brattclit4: of - this system were so intimate '"nded together that t in their operation ouch austained ..trenvhcn, d the others. Their joint operation was 1.,1 new burdens of.taxation, and to encourage - a large l'i' reseed arid wasteful expenditnre of l üblie money. .i.i.a the interest of the batik that the revs nue collected. . the ilkbursements made by the gove:r uncut should 1 r;;•., btcatise being the depository of tl 0 public 1110 ' r :'.h.. larger the amount the greater would bo the batik '4. It aas ',!:" interest of rho favored classes who ' , nr.eltH by the protective Ord?, to have the rates ' ll Proteetion as high us possible, because the higher ' saes the greater! their advantage. It was the inteL '' ' Vic people of all those seetions and localities which '-hil t9 T I. betictitted by expeaditin ea for internal iiii ..,:lents, that the amount collected should be as large ' 1 1, 1 , ?..-1 . -that the sum disbursed might also be the far- States being the beneficirries in the distriliction .:, land money, had an interest in Muting rates of tax . . - Y , l by a protective tariff, Fargo enough to yield a suf .4 Fel eau° from that stititi4 to meet the wants of the ‘:tantent without disturbing or taking from them the - , 111d, : b , , , that each of the branches constituting the i ii i had a common intermit in swelling the public ex " r"• They had a direct interest ill maintaining the , : . ' 44 unpaid. and increasing its amount, because .7.41 d produce an annual increased drain upon the ~: at) to the amount of the interest, and render Rug ._ ,Ictatei necessary. The operation and nceesaary 7 it the whole system were to encourage large and ~ t a , , g , : t i tLxenditorta, and thereby to increase the üb -4t at t ' h r. and maintain a rich and expensive govpern -1;,, ".I. ll so of a taxed and impoverished people. _p,l,:::::si.,:e4 that this scheme of enlarged taxation and nerve, -: hail i it continued to prevail trust soon have .sires to" '':- ge‘ernment of the Union, inrended by its , a plain, cheap and simple confederation of I.os. iiiiittdo,-,.., ...,,,,, a 1 .,,. ,t; titer f or common prole tion, and charg .,,, w pteific ditties relating clue yto our foreign . intos (.011,0 1 , d.t.dil empire, - depr ving the States ..: ir friq' ..:,ntr,,, in r ' ° ./rlglits, and the people of their fuat power the adminisiration of then government.---, '-%la marine' r the whole forum and character of the Go i:zhoelit,t_ would be changed. net by an amendment of , , .utution, but by resorting to ari unwarrantable • ZMltllati7 . 1 Ti''t ( construction of thatNinstrument. '' ind irect mode of levying Ole taxed, by a .1). On Mikrts, prevents the mass of the people 41.1 e'llib r . e addy preceiving the amotintl they pay, and • 4 'd (lie few, a hi, are thin! enriched, and 4 tech 1 ° ) lett] the political power of the coon f' to, Ocetve and deittile them, she the taaas a direct levy upon the people, as is the cane in the Ststes'; this could not occur, . Tifelwho'rrerte n was res:sted from its incept' ian o by many of our ablest statesman, soma of whom doubted its constitutionality and its expediency: while 1 others beleived it was, in all its branches . a flagrant and dangerous infraction of the Const itution 1 . • Tha i t a National Bank, a proiective Tariff, levied not to raise the revanue needed, but for protection merely; internal improvements, and the distribution of thelproceeds of the sale of the pliblic lands,- are measures without the warrants of the Constitution, %%mild, upon the matorest consderation, seem to be clear. 1 It is remarked that no one of those measures, involving such momentous consequences, is author ised b any express grant of power in the Constitu tion. No one of them is "incident to, being neces sary and proper for the exorcise of the specific power's" granted by the Constitution. The author ity under which it has been attempted to justify each Of them, is derived from inferences and con structions of the Constition, which its letter and whole object and design do not warra t. It is to be Conceived that such immence power- would have been left by the farmers of that Cons itittion. to is mereinferences and doubtful coratructinical Had it beeh intended to ennfur them on the Federal Gort4mment, it is but reasonable to ca nclude that it wohld have been done by plain and inequivocal grantS. This was no: done; but the w role struct ure of which the "American System' consisted, was rearid on no other or better faun atiun than forced implications and inferences of po ver, which its authors asSumed might be declared b construe. i I Lion from the Constitution. 1 But it has been urged that the nat anal Band, ; which constituted so essential a branch f this com-, t bine.' system of. measures, was not a rew measure, t and that its constitutiomtlity has been previously i sanctioned, because a Bank had been chartered in . 17J1,; and hnid receked the o ffi cial 'signature of I entertaht,the•solemn Conviction, if the internal President Washington. A few :facts will show it - provement branch of the "American Syistem" the ju i st weight to which the precedent should be b not firmly resisted at this time, the whole series entitle, as .bearing upon the question of constitn- o measures composing it,,will be speedily re-estub tionality. . liihed, and the country will be thrown back from its Great diversity of opinion open the subject, exis- present high mute of prosperity which the existing ted iii l Congress; It is well known that President policy has produced, and be destined again to wit. Washington entertained serious doubts both as to [iss all the evils, commercial revutsious, depOes the constitutionality and expediency of tha measure; done of prices, . and pecuniary embarrassme ts, and While the bill was bpfure him for his official ap- through' which we have passed during the last 25 proval - or disapproval, so great were those dolitits, v nrs. . that he required "the opinion in writing." of the To guard against consequences so ruinous . is an members of hit Cabinet. to aid him in arriving at a o iject of high national, importance, involving the decisqm. HIS Cabinet gave their opinion, and were c iitiimed prosperity of the country. divided upon the suliject—Gen. Hamilton being in 1 have felt it to be an imperative oblig'almn l to favor :11 . , and I% r. Jefferson and Mr. Randolph being .. ithhold my constitutional sanction from tw bills opposed to the constitutionality and expediency of ‘, bleb had pared the two houses of congress, introi the 'Bank. It is u ell known, also, that President vng the principle of the internal improv went Wat•hington r tained the bill from Monday, the Idili, b ouch of the 'American System,' and cohtlicting in when lit was p esented to him, until Friday, the 35th t leir provisions with these.views. of February—being the last moment permitted hint by the Constitution to deliberate,. when he finally yielded to it lis reluctant 'assent, and gate it his signature. It. is certain that es late iis the-211 of February—being the ninth day after tho bill was pre.ei:ed to him—he had arrived atm) Satisftetory conch;,sion: t - tr on that day he addressed a note to Gen. Pam;lton, in u hich he informs him that "this bill. was p.esented to 1111. by the joint Committee of Congress at 1 o'clock on Monday, the 14th inst.," and by rerpteg his opinion "to what precise period, by legal Inter 'mullion of the Constitution, eau .the Pa:swept retain it in his possession," before it be come 'a law by tho lapse of ten days." If the pro )er construction was, that the day on which the bill was presented to the President, and the day on which Isis action WtbS had upon it, were both to be counted inclusive,-then the time allowed him .within which it would be Constitutional for him to return it to the lion•e in which it originated with his objections„ , S ou!d. expire on Thursday the 24th of February: Gin. Hamilton, on the same day; returned en nn- suer, in which lie states: "1 give it as my opinion that you have ten days, exclusive of that on which the hill was delisered to you, and Sundays; hence, in the present case, if it is returned Friday, it will be ill 'time." By this construction, %%hid] the Pre t-ilent adopte,l, lie go'ned another day for delibera tion, and it wnot uiil the 25tleof February that 1 3 he signed the ill: thus all'ording conclusive prof that he had at \ east obtained his own consent to sign it, not without a areat \and almost insuperable diffi culty: Additional Nglit has been recently shed up on thr Et:rides doubts Is hich lie had on the subject, tn aoo iting it one time to a 60miation that it was his dnty to Withhold lia eppproval from the bill.— I Tills is found among t ie manuscript papers of Mr. Madison, authorized to be purchased for the use of the. governmant by alt Act of the last session of Congress, and now foil the first time accessible to the pehlic. Prom these papers, l it appears that'Pre-, sident Washington, while he yei held Ike Bank bill in 114 bands, actuall.il requested,Mr. Madison, at that time a member of the House of Representativea, to prepare the draft oil a Veto Messagefor,him. Mr. Madison, at his request, did prepare the draft of such a Message, and 'sent it to him on the 2lst of February, 1791. A copy of this original draft in Mr. Madison's own handwriting, was carefully pre servefi by him and is among the papers lately pur chased by Congress. 11. is preceded by a note, writ ten oh the same sheet, which is also in Mr. Mudi son'alhandwriting, and is as follows: - H • FtifIRUART, 21; 1791. "Copy of a paper made out and sent to the Presi dent at his request,'to be ready in case his judgment' shoul l d tinnily decide agailiet a bill for incorpora ting a National Bank, the bill being then before ilim. At ong the objections assigned'in this paper to the 91, and which were submitted for the conside ration of the President, are the following: 0 Pubject to the bill, because it is an essential principle -of the g overnment that one p iwer not de legated by the C'onstituti )))) cannot be rightfully ex ercised; because the power proposed by the bill to be.exercised is not expressly delegated, and because I cannot, satisfy myself that it results from any ex plebe; power by fair and safe rules of interpreta tion." . TI e weight of the precedent, the Bank of 1791, and the sanction of the great name of Washington %%Inc!) has been so Often invoked in its support, and greatly weakened by the development of these lactsl The exrerimeut of that Batik satisfied the country that it ought not to be continued, and at the end 01 20 years Congress refused to re chaster it.. It. would have been fortunate for the country, and saved thoesands Ir6rn bankruptcy and ruin, had our publiC men resisted the temporary pressure of the timesApun our financial and pecuniary interests, and refused to charter the second Bank. Of this the country became abundantly satisfied at the close uf its 20 yearslduretiont as in the case of the first Bank, it also ceased to exist; undOr the repeated blows of Psesideut Jackson it reeled and feel, and a subsequent attempt td charter e similar institution was arrested by the veto of Preilident Tyler:. - Mr. Madison, in yielding his signature to the charter in 1816, d:d co upon the ground of the res pect flue to the precedent.; and as he subsequently declared "the batik of the United States, though on the efiginal questien, held to be unconstitutional rd ceived the executive signature." It is probable that neither the Bank of 1791 nor . that: ;f 1816, would have been chartered but Or the embarrassments of the Government in ite.finanCes, the (Irangement of the currency, and the pecuniary pres+ire which existed; the first, the consequence of the war of, the Revolution, and the second, the consequence of the war of 1812. Both Were resor ted to, in the delusive hope that 'they would resore publiccredit, and - afford relief to the : Governni ent, and to the litieinescof the country. 'Bose of our public men who opposed the wg - de "AMerican 'System" at its conimencentent, and throtighout its progress foresaw and predicted that it was frught with incalculable Mischiefs, and must result in serious injury to the best interests of the country. For a series of years their wise counsels were, unheeded and the system was established. It was soon apparent thotits practical operation was unequal and unjust upou different portionsjof the country, and upon the people engaged iu different pursuits; and all were equally, entitled to the favor and protection of the government. It fostered and elevukd the money power, and enriched the favored few by taxing labor, and at,the expense of the many. Its effects was " to make the rich richer and the poor poorer." Its tendeney was to create distinction's in society, based on-wealth, and to. give to the favored classes undue control and-away in our government. It was an organized money power; which resisted the popular will, and sought to shape and control the• Public policy.. . Uiider the pernicious workings . of this combined system and measures, the country witnessed alter nate 1 4easons of temporary 'apparent prosperity; of undue end disastr us commercial restilsions; of un precetlented.fluct ation" of price, and depression of the great inter sta of - agricuiture, navigation, and couvrierce; an general pecuniary suffering, and'of final bankruptcy of thuusaddsi After s severe strug gle* more than half %century, the 'System was fi nally .overthrown. . The Bank has been succeeded by a practical sys tem of finance, conducted and contehlled solely by the government; the Constitutional currency has been restored; the public credit maintained-unim paired, even in a period of foreign war; and the whole country bas - become satisfied that banks, na tional or state, are het' necessary' es fiscal agents of the government. - Revenue duties have taken the place the protective tariff. The. distrihotipn of 'money derived from the sale of public lends'. have been abandoned, and the corrupting systenrot in ternal improvements, ills hyped, heel/eon. effectu. ally chCcked. I It is not doubted, that if this old train t 4 measure", designed to take'wealth from the many end bestov it the upon few, were to,prevail, the effect would ite to change the entire character uf the government. 'One only • danger remains,. it is the sodircOons of t" hat branch.of,this system, which colisistsln i inter nal iMpruvements. holding out as it does, induce ments to the people of particular s'clions onnlocal ities, to embark the government in them, tVithout_ stopping to calcTilite - the inevitable consequences. This branch of the system is so innately combined and linked - with the otherii, that, as surely 'B3,a de fect is prodoced by an adequate cause, if it bellresus ltated and rivived, and firmly established, it retyli d no sagacity to foresee that it will necessarily id speedily draw after it the re-establishment of _a atinnal Bank. the revival of a Protective Tara, e Dvitribution of the Land Money, and n.liot only e postponement to the distant future of the pay out of the present national debt, u•ti its annual in crease. This power, conferred upon the President .y the e natitutiun, I have on three occusiuMc - dini, g my: at ministration of the Executive/ department- 4.1 the hovernmetit, deemed it my duty to exercise; and on I'is last occasion of making to conlys Ean nrmul c immunicatinn out tliC state of the Mon, it is not deemed considerations inupproprinte to review the principles and eionsiderations nhich have governed my actions. I teem This the more necessary, because, of er the lapse of nearly sixty years since the adoption of the constitution, the propriety of the ercise of this undoubted constitutional power by the President, Idas for the first time been drawn seriously inignes tonby a portion of my fellow citizens. Th,. con s t itution provides that "every bill which shall have rinsseii the house of representathes 'and i the rennte.' s i tali, before it becomei a law, be presented o the President of the United Status; if he nppro 'e lax lALL sign it, but if not liu shall recur it with his n.kjections to 'that house in whic4i it shall hutie ori. Mated; mho i shall enter the objections at la ge in t heir journals,faild proceed to reconsider it." _ . The preservation of the constitution from infrac tion, is the Presidents hikhest illity. Ile is boned In discharge that duty. at whatever hazzurd of inicur rieg the displeasure of those who maydifreilwith I int in opinion. Ile is bound to discharge it I s well 1) his Allot ions to the,'People who have elotb id him 1 , with his exalted mat, as by his oath of office, -Inch 4 I e may not disregard. Nor are the obligations of e President in any degree lessened by the p threvcl- nce of views difthrent from his own In one or both him ses of congress. It is net.aliiiie •qtasty and in• tunsideraie" legislation that he is required to check t if at any time congress shall,, after oppartly tull deliberation on measures wh ic h he deem sub-. vet si ve of the 4onstipaion, or of the vital intersts of he country, it is his solemn duty to stand in the freach and resist them. The President is bu Ind to pprove or disapprove every bill which paisefs con • reds, and is presented to him for hie signature The onstitution makes this his duty, and ce cannot e f ts ape if lie would. Ile has no election in de ;ding. upon bills presented In him; he must' exerc'se his wn best judgment. If he cannot approve, the con• titutiun commands him to rettirn the bill to the .ouice in which it originated, with his obje4tions; ind if lie failed to do this within ten days (blindays • xCepted) it shall 'become .alaw without his higna.. UM. 1 Right or wrong he may be overruled by a two, thirds of each house, and in that event ti becomes a law without his genetic - et. If his Lions-be not thus overruled the subject is i oulti paned or is referred to the states, and the pen their consideration and decision. The Pree power is negative merely, and not affirmative can enact no law. The only effect therefore, withholding his approbation of the bill pas, Cungres lased by congress is to suffer the cc laws to remain unchanged, and to the delay ioned is only that required i to enable the StatM -the people to consider and ict :upon the sithP the election or public apt ts who shall shy wishes and instructions, - Any attempt-of the dent to yield his Sanction to measures whit he not approve would he'a violation of the, spirit! Constantino' palpable end flagrant; and if sti ful, would break down the independence of th ccutive department and make the President t by the people and clothed by the constitution power to defend heir rights, the mere instrutf the majority of Congress'. A surrender on ht of the power with which the Constitution hi vested his office, would effect a practical alti of that instrument Without resorting to tt scribed prices of amendments. With the motives or conviderations which may induce congress to pass any bill, the President coo have nothing to - do. lie must presume thein to be nS pure as his own, end look only to the practical effect of their measures, when compared with 'the' Constitution on the public good. i But it has been urged by those who object to the exercise of this undoubted Constitutional power, that it assails the representative principles' and the capacity of the people to govern themselveS; that there is greater safety in a numerous representative body' than the single executive created by the con._ atitution, and Chet the executive veto is a "one man power," despotic in its character. 1 To expdso the fallacy of this ohjectiu n, it is only.necesstayao con j ; eider the frame and true charecter of w it. system.— Ours is not a Onsolidated empire, butcortfodera ted Union. The States, before the adoption of the al) ------ constitution, were co-ordinate, co-equal, am ate, "independent sovereigntiess and by its rai they did not lose that character. They•clo federal government with certain powers served all others, including their own sotee to themselves. !They guarded their own 1.'14 States, and the !rights of the people, by tli limitations which they iticorporat d into fede stitution, whereby tee different de artments general government were checks pun each That the majority should govern, is a getter ciple, controverted by none; but i ti ey nnet , according to the cgristitution, and not scoot an undefined and unrestrained diScretion, ti they 'may oppress the minority. Happily for themselves, the people, in tyaming our admirable system of government, were conscious of the infirmities of their representatives; l l aled, in delegating to them the power of legislation, they have fenced them around with checks t guard against tne effects of hasty action, of error, r com bination, anc of possible corruption. Error, selfish ness, and faction hale often sought to rend sunder this best of checks, and subject the. government - to the control of fanatics and sinister' influences; butt their efforts have only satisfied the People' of the wisdom of the checks which they have imposed, and of the necessity of *serving them •unienpatr 3 ed. The people of the United States are ,not find to the fact that they. may do temporialy ;misled, and thit their representative% legislative and executive, may, be mistaken, or influenced in timer motion by •liiipreperittr' motives. They hero thereforto flatlet% 1. ./ ~ ed bet .een themselves and the laws which auty be Passed , y their public agente. Various *resoluta lions, s ich as assemblies, Senates and Governors in 'their 'several States', a House of. Representatives, a Beast. and a President of the United States. The people en by theif — own direct agency make no law; n r can the House of Representatives imme diately •lected•by . them; nor can the Senate; nor con but together, without the c.mcurrenee of 'the Preside t, nr a vote of two-thirds of butb Houses. The ue theory of our system is not to govern by 'the acts or °crises of any one set of representatives. The Constitu ion imposes checks upon all branches of the Go vornme t, in order to give time for error to be corrected, end delusion to pass away; but if the people seulo dosin into a firm conviction different from that of their repre sentatives they give effect to their opinions by changing the public servants. The checks which the people imp- Bed oii their public servants in the adoption of the consti tion are the best evidence of their capacity for self go vernment. They know that the men whom they elect to public stations are of like-infirmities and passions with ihhinsolves, and not,to be trusted without being restric tied by co-urdinate authorities and constitutional limita tions. 'Who that hoshVitnessed the legislation of Con gresa fUr, the last thirtp years, will fay that he knows of no instance in which measures not demanded by the public good have been carried? Who will deny that in the State Governments, by conibinetious of individuals and sec tions, iu derogation of tbe general interest, banks have been chartered, systems of internal improvement have boon suggeatod—repreesing their growth and impairing their energies for years to come. Alter so much experience, it cannot be said that absolute, unchecked power is safe in, the hands of anyone set of representatives, or that the capacity of the people fur self government; which is admit ted in its broadest extent, is a conclusive argument to prove the prudence, wisdom; and integrity' Of their representatives. The people, by the Constitution, having comman ded the President as notch as they have commanded the legislative branch of the Government, to exe cute-their will. They havessaid to him in ;heir con stitutionovhich they requirehe shall take a solemn oath to support : 6 if Congress pass any bill vt hich lie shall not approve, be shall return to the House in which itkihall have originated, with his objections thereto.' In withholding frOtn it his approval and signaature, he is executing the will of the people constitutionally expressed, as much as the Congress _which passed it. No bill is presumed Ito tte in ac cordance with the popular will, until it shall have passed through all the hands of the government re qiiisite to make, it a law. A bill passed by the Hints° may be rejected by the Senate, and one pass ed, by the Senate may be rejected by thelliouse. In Peal case both houses exercise the yens power on the other, _ • 'Congress, and each house of. Congress, hold tins der the {Constitution a check upon the President, and he, by the power of the qualified veto, a check 11}101I Congress.) When the President, recommends measures to Congress, he avows in the most solemn from his; opinions, gives his voice in their favor, and pledges 'himself in advance to approve them if pass ed .by Congress. If he acts witheiddue considera tion or has been influenced hy improper or corrupt motives,—or if .from any other cause, Congress, or either - hi:testi of Congress, shall differ with him, they exercise that veto upon his recommendations, and :reject them, and there is no appeal from their decis ion but t o thepeople at the ballot box.. These are 1 proper ,checks. , None will be found to object to I them, or to wish them removed• It is equally.im portant that the constitutional checks of the execu tive iipon the legiilative branch should be preserved. If it be said that the representatives in the pops- 1 lar bren'cli of Congress are chosen directly by the people, it irsanswered, the. people 'elect the presi dent. If both houses represent the state and the people, So dr*p tire- presidentsyrrie periititfiiiCrepre ,s,ef i: t i i s , e i t u t', ther aesceueatievhe memberdeparrm e o n f :t ti t i l e te le t g v l i t s o l l a e ti p y e e o d p e le . partmeni represents portiona of them. The doctrine of restriction upon legislative and restrictive power, while a WO! settled public opin ion is enabled within a reasonable time to accom plish it ends, has made. our country what it is, and hes opened to us a career of glory and happiness to which all other nations have been strangers. In the exercise of- the poiver of the - veto, the pres ident is responsible i.et - only to an enlightened pub lic._ ,epiniets: but to,the :pc:oplo of the =whole T u lin _who elected him, as the representatives in the leg islative breeches, who differ with him in opinion, are responsible'ter-the people of particular states or .I Isis's. .'Oe the r:roeident the exercise of this pow er would be to repeal that prOvisicin of the-constitu tion which confers it, upon him. To charge that its exercise unduly controls the legisistive ss ill, Is .to complain ofthe constitution itself. If the presidential veto be objected to upon the grotto(' that) it checks and thwarts the public uil i l upon the same principle, the equality of represent. tion of the States in the Senate, should be stricken, nut °lithe Constitution. The vote of a senator from Delaware ha. equal 'weight in deciding upon the most important measures, with thevcne_of a Senator from NewlYork, and yet the one represents a state containing; according to the existing apportionment orrepresentatives in the house, representatives'of of but one thirty-fuurth part of population of tha n other. 1 . By the constitutional compositiob of the Senate n -majority of that body from the smaller states repre sent leis than one fourth of the people of the Union. Them ere 0 states; und'r the existing , apportion-_ ment of re resentation there are 240 members in the house of. representatives; 16 of the smaller states are•represtiled in that house, by but by 50 members and - yet th senator i e•from those states constitue a majority u the'senate; so that the President may recommena measure to Congress and it may re ceive the u nction and approva l of more than I,lthree quarters of the bootie of tepresentatives, and of all the senators from the largo states containing more than three fourths of the whole population ; and yet the measure may be defeated by the vote'u f the sen ators front the smeller states. ' None, it is resum ed, can be found ready to change the organization of the Senate on this account, or to strike that body practically out of existence, by requiring that its ac tion. shall be conformed to the will of the more nu merous branch. pots of be bill objec post- le fur .idente He of his l ed by •istiug tuccos 's and ect in their Presi• can? of the coos's o ox- UM wish I l ierit of i s part, , all In- Upon the same principle that the veto of the Pre- • sident should be practically at (dished, the power of the Vice ;President to give the casting vote upon an (-qua' division of the Senate, Eitunild be abolished al so. Thel Vice President exerci}es the veto power as effectOally by rejecting a bill by his castitig vote ns the President dues by refusing to approv e s r sign it. 'I he, power has been exercised in some install-I ces by the Vice President, the most important 0I which was the rejection of the . bill to re-charter the, Bank of the United States in 1516. It may happen that a bill - may be passed by a large majority of the (louse of representatives, and may be supported by the Sentors from the lurgest states, and the Vice ii Preside° may reject by giving his vote with the Senators from the small states: and yet none, it is presumed, are prepared to deny to him the exorcise of this,power uneer the constitution. 'But it is in point of fact untrue, that nn act pass ed by congress msconclusive r evirlence that it is nn emenat.en orthe popular will. A majority of the whole rnimber elected to each house of congress con stitutes a quorum, and the majority of that quorum is competent to pass laws. It might happen that a quorum of the house of representatives, 4unsiating of a single member more than half of the whire T num ber ele cted , might passe bill by a majority of a sin gle vote, and yet in that case a fraction more than one fourth of the people of the United States would be represented by those who voted for it. It might: happen that the same bill might be passed by a ma jiirity of one of a quorum of the Senate, composed o f Senators from ,thr 16 smaller states, and a single senator from a sixteenth state, and if the senators toting, for it happened to be from the eight of the ' smallest of those Statei, it would be passed by the, votes of Senators from states having but fourteen Repreientativee, end containing lees than 1-16th of the whole pbpulation of the Union. This extreme case iisstated to illustrate the fact that the mere passage a a bill by aongresais no conclusive esedence that those who passed it repre sent the majority of the people of the Union, or truly 'reflect their will. If such an extreme case is not likely to happen, cases that aproxi mate to it are of constant occurance. At ialelieved that not a sing! law has been passed Once theadoption of the con stitution upon which allele members elected to bet houses have been present and voted. Many of the most important iota _which bare passed Congress have been carried liyA .close vote in these houses. -Many instances of this might bei given; indeed our our experience proves that many off the meet Impbr , tent acts of congress arefestponed to the last days, , And it ten tts the last hours of. sr sesslorCerhea.thek ration l e pre- Leepar doption bed the nd re einnty, his as 'e very fel con of the other. al prin govern log to hereby . , . are,diaptised of in the house, and by houses exceeding the number necessary for a quer 'Besides in'the moat of the states the me the lower House are chosen by pluralities a majorities of all - the voters in• their reepec tricts, and It may bsppen that a majority' house may be returned by a lees aggreget the people than that received by the [inner' If the principle insisted on bo sound; then stitution should be so changed that no bill come a law unless it is voted for by membe j venting in each house a majority of the itv pie of the Union. We must remoddel our w. tem, strike down and abolish, not only the check lodged in the executive branch, but in' out and abolish those lodged in the senate thus practically invest the whole , power o ment in the majority of a single assemblYi ity uncontrolled and absolute, and which ma desi °tic. To conform to the doctrine of th majorities to yule inbependentof the checks Rations of the constitution we must revoluti whole System. We must destroy the con al compactlby which the several states a form a federal Union, and• rush into con. which mnat end in monarchy or despotism. advocates such a proposition, and yet the maintained, if carried out; must lead to thi Otte great ohject of the constitution in c upon the President a qualified negative ups gielation of congress, was to prevent minor injustice and oppression by majorities. Tit: of theirrepresentation in the senate,and the er of the President in congress, are guarani the smaller states hie that their rights wi pected. Without these guaranties, all their, would be at the mercy of majorities in con presenting largerstatee. In the sinallera er atlas, therefore, ',the preservation of t and its exercise upon proper occasion dens is of vital importance. They ratified the (inn and entered into the Union,' securing) selves an equal representation vs ith the in the Senate, and engaged to be bound by tution, framed by congress, upon the expre, tion and none other, that they should beam' the President or past, Isis objecti ins to the notwithstanding, by a vote of two thir houses. Upon this condition they have al insist, as a part of-the compact to which' their assent. A bill might be passed by congress, against the will of the whole people of a particular eta c, and a. gainst the votes of its senators , and' its reeresenta tives. However prejudicial it might be to the inter est of such state, it would be bound by it, if the Pre sident Should approve it, or it should be passed by a vote of two•thirds of both houses; but it h a a right 1! to demand that the President shall exercie his con stitutional power, W and arrest it, if his objection is a gainst it. If he surrendelr this power, or fail to ex ercise it in alcade where he cannot approve, it word make his fornitil opproi al a mere mockery, and word be 'itself a 'violation of the constitien, and the dis senting state would - become bound py a liw which had nut been passed according.to the sanction of 0 1 constitution. The objection to the exercise of the veto power is founded upon an idea respecting the popular will, which, if carried out, would annihilate suite saber eignty, and subs.nute fur the present feral gov eriu a consolidation directed by a Irate osed nu (11, tnerical majority. A revolution of the lgovernMent would be silently effected, and the states would be subjected to laws to which they 11 never given their constitutional consent. The supreme court of the United Ste en is irons led with the power to declare, anSI has d eclared, i, seta of congress, passed with the concurrence Of the sen• ate end house of representatives, and the approval of the President. to be unconstitutional end ' void; and yet none, it is presumed, call be found who will be disposed to strip this highest judicial tribenal under the constitution of this acknowledged ower—a pow er, necessary alike to its independence and !the rights of individuals. , For the _same reason , th at the a ecutive veto should, according to the doctrine mintained be , rendered nugatory, and be pra l cticllly expuuged i from the constitution this power uf,th u cairn should oleo be rendered nugatory and be eipunget, because I it \restraiues the legisative and exesutixe will; and because the exercise of such a power by the court may be regarded as being in conflict with the capacity of the people to govern t4eriselves.— In , deed, there - is no more reason' fo striking this „tower of the court-from the coriatituto l n than there veto of the Pre ident; because is that of the qualified veto the decision of the court is final, and can never be reversed, even though both hou i set of Congress and the President, should be unanimous in opposi tion to it: whereas, the veto of two third of both houses of Cogress, or by_the people s tltlipolls. f jlt is obvious that no preserve the sys ern estab 1i hed by the Constitution. each of the rend mate branches of the government=—the ..:rcerative, the Legislature mi l d the Judiciary—must bI) I ft in the exercise of its appointment powers. 0 t e Execu tivd or the Judicial branch bo derived of -p wer con, ferred upon either, as checks on the L gislature the preponderance of the totter will becor s dispro portionate and abigrbing, end the othi•rs impotent for the accomplishments for which they ‘ ere stub lished. Organized, they were, by the cr, r i stitution they harmonized together harnarunirieslY for the public good. If the Executive and !the I odiciary shall be depriVed of the conetituti real ' pdwers it vested , in them, end of their duo Pr 14.tions, the e uilibrium of the system must be 'd stroyed, and censolidation of unchecked despotic povier exercised by majorities of the Legislative bran h. ! . The exedutixe, legislative, Judicia Ireticla consti-• tine a separate, coordinate department of the gov ernment; and each is independent of the others.— And the performance of thi•ir reOtetive duties under the constitution, neither can, la its legislatve action, control others. They etielil act upon their several responcibilitiee it, their respective spheres; bin if the boctrine now me ntained be correct, the Executive must become pr cticallY subordinate to the legislative, and the judo iary rotas become sub ordinate to both; and thus the who l e power of the government would become merged in a single de partment. Whenever, if ever, this ,shall occur, our glorious sysiteml of well regulated Self government wiil crumble into roiei-4er be sue eeded, first by anarchy, and finally by'nnoearchy o despotism. I ern far rem beleiveing that this doctrine is the sentiment he American peoplt; - and during the short perio w ich remains for he to administer the execut, ve ' department, it will be my qim to maintain it independence, and discharges its duties of either o the ether - departments, of government. - The power of the Ee,ecutives as exercised by the first and moat ilium atious of my predz.ce , serre, and by four of hie succ risers who preceeded me in the edministration of t e government, it is beleived in no instance prejudie ally to the public interests, has never been exercises . No President will ever de sire bunnecesearily to lace his opinion an opposition to that of Congress: he trust always exercise the power reluctlantly, end only in cases when lais convictions Franke it a matter of stern duty Which . _ he cannot er•cnpe. Indeed there is more danger that the President, from the repugnance he must always feel to come into collision with Congress, may fail to exercise, in cases where the preservation of the Constitution, or the. public good may demand it, than he will exercise it unnecessarily or wan tonly. During the period I have administered the Execu tive Department of the Goyetlutnent great and im portant questions of public) policy, foreign and domestic, have arisen, upon hick it, was my duty to act. It may indeed be truly said that my admin istration has Wren in evntful times. I have felt most Sensibility the weight of the high responcibil ity devolving upon ate. With no other object the the public good, the enquring fame and permanent prosperiment of my' country, I have perened the convictions of my own best judgment. The impar tial arbitrament of enlightened public opinion in the present and the futur will determin how far the . public_policy I have maintained, and the measures e t..t. „ I r trd with public:presperity at home, aid to elevate or epress the estimate of our national. charaCter aboard. "- I . Invoking the blessing of the Almighty upon your deliberations at your preaent important session, my ardent hope ie that in a aphit . of harmony and , ii concert, yo may be Bided to wise resole; and:such as may red wn to the - happiness, the honor and 1 glory of ou beloyed country. -JAMES R. POLK. TOW, December . 14 lEt 4t). , , . liWAstuso • gAePrS" *riskimpittiar VA littie ,m, unbars of id not by ive dia of'that Vote of Ity. Polk, , I t1;1110 time the r, sego burg even . (We mud but i wo Ban pay , 1 ZaC lane' gins, ...-111:11 110 C "fre havr Iv "1. der ft disca ' neyv, ence. dee th fe indiv the ' x they ' ontril 440. eau and rocKtioatT u es . p4d,ak.bi E WEEKLY OBSERVER, ERIE. PA, TURDAY MORNING.DECEMBE4 9,1645. = s Missaez —The last Prinual wiser of President occupies our coluinns,-thi week, to the occlusion of rt every thing else, Of course, we have not had to read it carefully, much less to comment upOn it— *dor can do that for himself. • Law/km:no vein Pilasssoi,—The President's Me% commenced boing telegratihed to Buffalo, via ritte- • / and Cleveland, on O'Reiliy's line, on Tuesday i ng at 6 o'clock, and at rho time of writing' this. ;uesday evening) was not finished.- We would have arrange/ gents to have obtained a copy that way. t coat ino6l dimes thau we could afford to pay. When ,htain a General Banking Law. with four or fivo / in town, and the people learn to appreciate and for such expenditures, we'll telegraph all "Old i 's" messages, both written and verbal. Not within the recollection of the "oldest inhabi was there ever such a time for mud in "those dig ' Tho "sail" is "free" to all intentifand purposes much so that we guess Van Buren himself could find Use to grumble on that score. At all events it is so I i " that it makes a much bettor "run" titan be did. Did the parties permit we could JutrOdu.ce this week to our readers the names of a large nutither of ladies who esed t he celebrated Remedy, which has become so complete._ lite people's medicine" Vitughti's Vegetable Lithentriptie re. The Indies we refer to have been sod:A.lw for ye.trs co mplete derangement of the system, weak back, and spinal es. weakne..s of the kidneyii. pain in the region of the kid no appetite, headache, and in short led a tow:Table citet ng the Remedy set forth ass core fo all tieraartmeisis of ale system, they procure.' it, and on er its influence. every dual ache and pain cool:Med, a heaithy tone was given to tole system, the irregularities of which were remedied and ' , covered. This is the greatest remedy, this Vegetable lath tic. Mitture, ever compounded. Mere lis evidence enough of See mg adyertisateent columns for Vaughn's Great A mai ! entedy. Callon Agent and get Iratoph:et. • i v ,ISTA TS BALSAM OF WILD!! CIIERRY.—We have• r i hot unfree gently called attention to this article in the col , sof our paper, and we have done so With the full confidence 0. was a hOod one, and descry itin the Patronage of the public. have had a chalice tO witness its effects upon some of our ds, which in addition to the high cubit:limns passed upon it r brethern of the press, not is paid puffs, but in honest can stemente, from aving derived a benefit themselves, makes e iroua of advisii g all those who have occasion to resort to a c y for pulmoim y affections, to avail theinselva Of it. We ir n e too much couti once,in the proprietors to be believe they I thrust this or any o ther medicine Upon the community, un t ley had full faith in its efficacy—in confirmation cf s•hich I oprietors offer a mass of testimony from the nipst lingoes ade routes. Neither would they be understood as sayink 'lila will always cure consumption after it is seated, although Blom fails to relieve tbn worst eases—but at this season of the r almost every body is liable to a cold. which if neglected will I to fatal result bytaking this medscine, we doubt not many s may be saved.—/Veto England IVashisigtoaiatr. Roston Jams. 917. , 7:7 See advertyetnent. •fl Adniinistratoris Notice. TTERS 7tESTA.II4:NTRY on the estate of John Sisron. ate of McKean dec'd., having been granted the subscriber, c Is hereby given to all persons indebted to said estate to make rigout payintint, and .those hming claim against said estate r igout th em ataperlyi authenticated for settlement. le, Dec. 0,-161W. 6t30 , JO3IIPII BUbK, Adirer. node, to pr: Erl Stray Oteor. .. . C 74 E . 1 l a o r ti ed ie . e } t e icLo i s i u n re s o t f ee tt r m . vi su i t h i s i c s r o ltr ne r a s l s io ,h l: t t e th o e n I t 4 h t e h to o p f 11 9 7 r i c , i h s head and end of his nose, also. some white on his belly. No artifi cial ;larks. The owner of said Steer is requested to come, prove tool ay. hg and take hiin away. GrpeneGee.e It, ISIS. 3t3a GO. W. BONNEJ.L. cuzzazo-azzopu.: r .1 r heab'e Scientific Irork, upon the subject of Gestation and Child Ara, by R. O. Geiessea, M.D., late of Paris, just publred in NM t'on's by the Bather. ' I Price Twenty-five Cents. 91 litsi WORK contains recently discovered information upon a subject of the highest importance to Married Fer i sons, or thos? contemplating Marriage. It will be found ol special value to those whose mein% health or other, c iteutlistanees, do not permit then) to increase the num iser of their family, great inconvenience, suticrinc, or perhaps risk of life. ' A method of as Ming these troubles and dangers at will. (flatly discovered by a celebrated French Physician.; is fully corn nunicated in this work, so that any persou may avail blinsslf of j at once, without cost. The tae, ns of prevention. here set fortl are therefore trithin the reach of ail. The process is new, safe nf.ill able, convenient, simple, and cannot injure the health of the Tom delicate. Finn tins clandeetinely (unfit ribine etieetfiator ~... , elandeetti..... ~.iitle, _........ei name) pub liidied an linitnl3 , 3l. (Leming the cu,ne title.) which Lesides omit ting 1 liE 3106 T ,/eAI•OO.TANT POP.TIONS I Of Alt, litlpPa Ule,,credtilous .Out t tlC • T is n the , Ono I?olinr. - price Is I ' Turontv-five Conte Tor the Genuine, cul , '. and 'eomple e Work. C niesof this 1 close ei velork will Le bent in a elope, single letter postage to any part of the United States. fur Lw .nty•Gre cents bent, pos• paid. to Dr. It. C. tieissner, Vox 215 ii, ohice 127 1-2 Liberty Street. N. Y. • ' • D.—.No Bookseller allowed to sell ttats work a , . Dee. 9. Fat?. Banner Motel for Bale. 'riff: above:tamed valuable peern stand, formerly known as the 4 !.Danner Hotel,' situated nn the corner of Trench and Fotuktil Strp Erie, is offered fur stile on reasonable 'terms. The stand has a used for dlotel pirposts Mr many years, and is favorably kilo vu to the public. 'rlie buildtligs are conant/ .. dious and hare ereiy cons en ience i, nec,sary for such an estahlt hment. If not sold, by.the TJtli of February. the premises will be eased on favor ably, terms, - ross'essjon to 1,2-git en on the Ist of April next. 1 CALERA ITllet & LANE, Eiie. Dee. 0.1'.',16. 3t*. Atty's. tor A. Farnsworth. owner. • • SODA BISCUIT. FRESH stiply of Spencer's (Buffalo) Bola Biscuit. justrc ceived and rsaleat No. 1, Perry mock by id. May 11% eta. TA W. MOORE. zoonlze & ---- C oaks, W. tchos, Jewelry and Fancy Goods, A 1 E now being estribileil at the old established stand on Stale li Street, nearb y opposite the Eagle Hotel. F one very recent and large purchases in New York City, of the dm cyst styles of Goods the public will now have am opottunity of t• evving the tairtstsr and sear aasortnictit •in their line et er brot l l it to Erie. Ili t e mechanical branch of business conducted by the propri etor,: particular attention win be paid to the repairing of fine Lev. er. Cylinder. Duple =, Chronometer and common Escapement W clues. The most difficult Watch ntirte executed In the best linitted and workmanlike manner. ff'ltry acknowledge with tha kfuluess the caressive patronage.thus far in this department, analthough some of their neighbors say they - will do work a lit tle heaperothe public may understand this, that their work shall be one better than they can do it, or no charge for the job. With fair .1 . es pric and strict attention to business, it is• reasonable to ex pee a contisned — rfrid increased patronage. Erie. Doc. tlii:49. I 29 NOTICE. Ti t IfF. Members of Engle Fire COmpany \o. 2, are equeated to in...et nt their Engine House. on Monday evenin , December 4th at 7n'clock I'. M.. for the purpose of electing t he Presiding Otilcers p of mild Company. for the ensuing six months. nod trans ning other huNigiess of Importance. A punctual attendance of the itendwrd ta requoited. Per Order, k rie, Dec, 2, 1E45. J. D. JAM'S, Sec'y NOTICE: LL persons indebted to the subscriber for, Clothing, Dry Coeds. &c., are requested to call and settle on or before the It of January next. I must have money. mid if it is not forthcoming. 1 st take legal measures to collect nit demands. I tie, Dec. 2, Pit?. n 22 • •. MOSES KOCh. Look at This. , !JOSE indebted to toe. n liege accounts ale over three months I sta4ditig. arc requested to call and pay on or before the first anuory nett, or their lACcoutlts and Notes v. ill he lett with R. low.' Esq, for colleetion.i I speak as to wise inen—judge E ay. I D. S. CLARK. .rie, I cc. 1, 16-19. 0t7.9 --- , No Joke. -AfLL flowing themeelves Indebted to the subser iber, by n ote o, book account, (special contracts eieepted) are requested t— eai a and ivay on or before the let day of January nest. or cost IN 11l be, wide; without respect to persons. li, wird to the wise is sulli c aqui.. I H. CADWELL . • • 'tie, Nov. 20, 1819.. 00 Wantod. 710 N of good flay. and a few cords _of wood. wantedi at this office. • • Dec. 2, ,Iqs3. Iflour I 'lour I pour II 50 881.5., Superfine Flour, jug received, and for sale-BS cents cheaper than at any What cstablislunerol in the city. at No. 1,! 'erry Block.. tr. W. MbonE. i ecr:l4 tsv. ell Beware of Pickpockets. . , r 11F, Pubsc rib. r has pur Muted the 1 aunt - right of Joeph Col- Mti's celebrated Pocket Cafe. These rockets are so con s cud:tato haille any attempt on the part of a thief to open thew. 'I Iley are too well known to requi re further detail Men who have bank notes, or any % imports t papers to carry about them. mhst at once see the advantage phaving this aparatus inserted iultheir coats. Call In and exame this article, everybody. , G. II KEE..VV., -. Fria, Pee 2. 1818 1 -- tlna29 ; . A COMPLETE Muffs and Roan. PLETE assortment of Muffs and Boas may be found. l cheap, at • WRIG111"2 CORNER. pee 2. - " • :M I Bonnet Goode. E.C'D by Express, a good selection of assorted uncut Velvets. • assorted atlas, all CO!Orp; rept. and uncut Bonnet Silks, no ted ft lbho .&c . nll of which will be sold very cheap to 11111- ers, or tot o ratail trade, at tr lilt: HT'S Colt N kat rbee a -i_• TAKE NOTlCE.—'Phase indebted to the itbscribtr in any way. will plense pay on or before the fired of January neat. i hope this notice will be strictly °Lamed. and costs saved. SMITti JACKSQ:cf. - Dec. 2, isle. - ' .' 29 . ------ Now and Wrest' Groceries. TUla Subscriber has just received 'a fresh supply of wet and try family Groceries; also, wines and liquors,, dye stuff., nails and Mira, which he will sell wholesale or retail, cheaper than ever, for calkc. 2. or country produce. ' Call and Lee. De W F '''... - 444eptracnr*. , . .„, • 21 riOrFRE.--20 liati Rio, tot immlueo. CuiSii"..Laintira awl Java ilk Code% tor 'aloe caper :nen elsewhere, by rtie bag or les/quan tiy, by Will. F. RINDERXECIFF. .. 29 T 1 2413 . - 10 thesis 01 and Young Hyena Teas allo,a superior article of Black Tea, at • RIRDERNECHT , S. IDee.‘ll, I GA "VS.—New Orleans, Nortoltlao. Havana, Loaf. PulvOryked. ) and Chained sugars', fox who/ 0010 or rota" , bi Dee. t F. BINDEAN CWT. 3 . another name)
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers