II Miii illioccltanp,,l3otitiro anb igtu39, 11UNGART: Correspondmice of the Newark Daily Advertiser. . • VitANKFont-ox-Tun-litatxtr., Oct. 15, 1848, As`i lungary at this moment draws a large portion of the world's attention, it may notbe 'utiles to glance at its history, to see when, and in whet manner, it came under the Austrian scepter, and what_ are its present claims to independence. If we look at the map of Europe as it existed be fore the destruction of the Western Itoritrin Empire, we shall observe that all that part of preset& Hun gary south of the Danube was includod in the Pa lmitin, while moth °l i the rive, was still in the exclu sive possession of thus° fierce i tribes;that about the "end of the fourth century, burst from their - forests• and,ture in pieces the dominions of the Crews.— About a hundred years later, towards thei cline of the fifth century, the whole of this country was in possession of the Lombards, except n very smell portion en each side of the Drav'e, which was held by the Ostrogoths, and still IMre the name of Pa nonia. 11.5'38, the Lombard', who had previously come from the banks at the Elbe in Northern Ger many, quit their new settlement on the Danube, at tracted by the richer lands of Italy, the north of which they secured permanently, giving it the name of Lombardy, which it bears at the present day.— The departure of the Lombards' iron, this region was:succeeded by the nrrjval of various Sclavonic tribes, who established themselves iti the countries now bearing the name of Hungary, Selavonia or Esclavonis, Sow,. Dolmatia, and other bordering 'territories; all, however, dominstel till the time of Charlemagne, by the Avers, a pint erful Asiatic pen ple, (commonly confounded with the Ilunos.) , mho' were allies of the Lombards, and to whom th e lat ter had ceded their possessions on parting for Italy. Chareletnagne overthrew conyletely the kingdom of the Avers. land the durerent countries above men tioned then became tributary to the empire of the Franks, tinder different Sclavimic prince_. A 4 early as this time wo encounter the I.3an applied to the governors of Crohtio, the title at the present day of the famous Jellachich. At the death of the great Cherletnagne, rind the consequent dismembet meta of the empire, and con fusion which followed, the Se.lavonia princes of the Danube gained their indepethkucc, which they re tained till the appearanc.e ou the scene oldie Hun garians, which was neak the end.of the nintir—ccn tury,eimultancous with that of the Normans in France. They came it is tiopposed from the bor ders of the Black Sca, though their origiuul home was'the Northern part of Asia, along the aides at the Ural mountains. They are of the same race as the Finns of Finland, and their language proves them closely allied in origin with the Turks. Fur half a century attCr their \ appearance, the Hungarians were the terror of Eur ope. Not only did they subjugate the countries on the Danubo and the Drave, which are at the present day dominion,• but they even rendered tributary the greater part of the German empire.- France mut I Italy were not exempt from their terrible incursions. But their victorious course was finally arre,ted by the German emperer, Henry Ist, who defeated them in a great battle near Mersehourg in 933. The ad vantage was followed up by the Germans, till in 1043 we find the Hungarian dominion reduced within the limits of Hungary proper to the present day. Aboutthe year 1100 it was again expanded . by'the conquest of Bosnia, Dalmatia, Servia, Escla vonia and Croatia, the three latter of which have adhered ever since with little interruption; till the rising cf the present rebellion under the Ban Jellach- The character of the Hungarians on their first -appearance was very similar to that of the Hunts who about four centuries before deVastml Italy un der the ferocious Attilla. This similarity was owing doubtless to a common Asiatic origin. They were both alike idolaters in religion, most barbarous in laws and manners, of warlike and roving habits.— The Hitimarians are described, even in the twelfth Cs ntury, after their conver:ion to Christianity, as 1 yet Hy . att etiidi tents. In 1521, the crown fell into,the hands of Aestria.by , marriage and there has remained ever Bike. While the Nubility have enjoyed perhaps greater freedom in Hungary than in almost.any other Euro pean monarchy, the middle claSses, the inhabitants atianti _......, iorming a lower chamber very sim ilar relhe British House of Commons. This lower chamber has graditallygrown.in importance till at the present day it may be said to hold in its hands the destiny of Hungary. The republican Rossuth whois now the must poular man id that country, is its most distinguished member, so that if Austria should be defeated in the present struggle, it is not the most improbable thing in the world that a repub lic will there be established. The first possession of the fung,nriart crown by the House of Austria, was tot acquired by the free consent of the nation in nec irdanee with the 'Cell atitution and custom of the cotnry. At the death of Louis 2d in 152 G, the vacant throne was claimed by,,Feidinand let, of .Austria, on the ground of his marriage with a Hungarian princess, but the Hun gnrians elected in oppoition to iiiin John of Zapsdye, count of Zips, and palatine of Transylvania. This gate rise to a war o !deli the latter called in the aid of the Turk who carried their victorious arms be neath the very walls of Viemia; but being there finally defeated, the Hungarians, left to themselves, concluded a treaty by which Ferdinand was to suc ceed Zapolya. This monarch, however, on his death, left a son Soho was proclaimed king, and the Turks were again appealed to. But this time the utifi.rtonate Hungarians found the Turks greater enemies than the Austria up, They seized on their own account of the greater part of the kingdom, leaving the rest. to FerAlimuul, who comented to pay them - for it an annual tribute. The Austrian emperors succeeded subsequently in driving out ihe Turk-, itt censider ation of which they required Ifinigary to make them the crown gereditary, t was done in 11387. Titus the wars between Aestrin and Turkey, which were provoked by Austria herself, in claiming un bjustly the crown of Iliing,ary, were made; the pretext rlier for atilt farther violating the rights ut that country. Laving asid: , the circumstances attending the acquisition by the Austrian Emper r of the lion garian crown, and admitting they.carne by it hi a pettedly legitimate way, this could not change, hut. rather aggravate the question at present at issue between the Austrian Einperor and Hungary. If the Emperor be the legitimate king of Hungary, so much worse than if his conduct be barbarous to his subjects. 'The question is not between Austria and Hungary, nut indeed properly between the Em peror of Austria and Hungary, but between the king of Ilungory and the nation of Hungary. There has never been any political union between the two countries, nor has liiiitehry ever ncknowledged its sovereign as Emperor of Austria. Ilungary'has at ways had its separate -Diet, ehtirely distinct from • the-Legislature of Austria. A S far -indeed 'e s the important parts of executive power are to cerned 1 H i - Hungary has been really governed -us an itegral part of Austria, that which the former has lalways . struggled against, and which it succeeded isil March last in destreving . by obtaining its own responsible . ministry. The Emperor then became in his • rein tions with Hungary, the sovereign of the -country,' altogether independent of his dignity as Emperor of Austria. As such-and no other the Hungarians are willing to acknowledge hi.n.. It will be seen from this u ith what reason the Ilungarien Diet required the presence of their monarch,in Ilengaiy to aid in settling the difficolties of the cofintry. Theet.ents of March last having obliged the Em peror to give his ilongarian subjects- the 'rights %thief] they had pret iously contended fur in vain, the Croatian affair has afforded him the kipportmlity of showing his real disposition. Without exami ping the cause of the Croats, which doubtless ' is in a certain extent very just, it is siifficient that. the Emperor made it only the pretext for attempting to. carry out his etch re-actionary designs. .If lieecon- - sidered the Croats in the right in rising for her in-, dependence, it would have been-au easy matter had he interfered at the outset, to have settled the ,mat-. ter. But no, he secretly Stimulates .the - .Crents to int•tide Ilungery, supplying them with money 'and ' war stores, and making pverything Work in their later.. The Create in Italy he causes to be sent home it bile he is very careful not to permit the re turn of a single Hungarian, lie everrwritee letters ofeneimmeeme n t to dellachich with his own hand. with pur!sze9 11,16 line polic till the rows neei within a te..v days' march of they Hungarian capital, I . =3 when tiA r tking the kjungsrians sufficiently humbled to submit to anythink et his hittid, and not wishing to see the Slaves nfJellachiclOoo triuMphant; for fear they might not be so easily curbed in their suc cess) he issues paternal addresses to the people add army, and sends a royal agent to put'art end to. hos tilities between people whom he lovea equally; and establish peace on the.primiiple of the, equality of the race, and the'imity of the empire.. This hedoes %%Mout at all consulting the will of the Diet or ministry of thingary,, thus treacherously taking away all the rights conceded in March I rat. But the nefarious plan is not so eerily carried out as tor. Med. The people of Pesti): tore to pieces in the street the royal commissioner on his arrival. the Diet declared traitor to Abe country arty one who should attempt to carry out the royal decrees; and t h e w h o l e population ii rising up in arms to make a desperate struggle fur, its Itherities. Yours Ste. C. C. 1, Fttom Tititas.—lly two or three arrivals :mai Texas, we learn that six companies of the 3rd In fant qv were encamped near Lavacca. The' Galves ton dews, says that the reports at Port Lavacca' were; that twenty-six persons had been killed by the Indians. The puldisherof the LavacCa herald had, j .for the time being, left his paper Mid joined n'scout int; party who went in pursuit of - the Indians The o' greatest trepidation prevailed amm the pea Indians and fears were entertained that the Indians would at tack and lire the town, but the arrival of Gpvern mem trolls contributed greatly toward quieting their arrekension4. , Yrom the Victoria Advocate of the 19th we - learn that ninny pers,ms aro disdosed to censure the Gov ernor f,ir nut causing the ranging' 'companies to be retainedin the service; it is stated, however, that he had or dered three companies- to be raised forthwith For the defence of the_frontier. Th.:" Advocate exposes the inefficiency of the in fantry fircoi•-, witic% the.. Unite,! States government inhuol stationing WI our frontier, to protect our Cit.- jZt us from the band of hostile savages. The Ad% ocate says that the Indians, after )3 !IMO, noon led several others, and taking n vast amount pri,periy, have escaped, and ara now most .iohaldy in their mountain homes. The Advocate learns from seteral gentleman from San Antonin, that a et of desperate men in that place—gamblers and discharged soildere—had col lected together to the - number of about 70, on pre-' tence of lighting the fudians, but with the real ob ject of robbing the Quartermaster's safe and stores, but Here prevented by th# death of their leeder, a man named Sears, who was shot by Mr. Wallace, o hose store he iro.le,into with a cocked pistol in tending to kill him. - Some of the party, after the death of their leader, revealed the secret. The Huntsville Banner announces the death of Col. Joseph L. Bennett,. one of the soldiers of the Texan Revoltition. He commanded the left wing at the battle of Sun Ja,cinto. Nmutnw Esc trn.—The Bing,ham Express of Mon day Noy;—On Saturday evening last Mr. Luke Doo little, a partner of Mr. l'ratt, iu Millvitle, while at work in the plaster mill, had hia.delt hand caught by a reps which was winding upon a horizontal shaft, about 8 inches in diameter. In endeavoring to extricate himself with his right hand, that also became entangled, with his loft arm broken and bent backwards around the shaft, made thirty-two revolutions with him thus suspended, his feet stri king the ceiling and the floor at each rcvolution.— The mill was slapped by the arrival at the top of the inclined platte of the car loaded with atone plaster, to which the,rope with whirl he become entangled wa4ttached. He remained in that painful position for Ida an hour before he was discovered. Mr. Doolittle has narrowly escaped with his life, and is very much bruised, but is quite comfortable, and will probably soon recover. A DRUNKARDS Somoqtr.—"lt would bee com fortable thing if I knowed just where [was bound for. Up streets got mixed with down street, and there's nu such thing as cross street at all. The moott's dross' r eyed, and keeps winkiu and bliukin, as if she had her eyes full of Macahoy. . Now, what am I'to 4 If I stand still. 'there's airiest pleasant chance of going to sleep 'stun hug. If I goes to stir, hang me if I know which way f ate travelite." WHOLESM.P. EXTKIIMIN •TION.—h was stated re . tr o,nv ia a talhair map. in., at among the wealthiest of Montreal, who have all been destorved by itnerverance. Their iwgregate fortunes, a few years ago amount ed to ti lt s' 300,000. Now they have disappeared en• tirely, root and branch, solely through the influence of intoxicating liquors. 110 had another list of fourteen families of various occupations, whose ag. gregate fortunes amounted to $1,200,090, who have also disappeared from the same cause; and another list of tine hundred and seAeoteen families who re sided in fourteen parishe,•, l finil ware:all comparative ly wealthy, but are n'l distroyed by liquor, ex cept remnants scattered through the States and else where. It is thus that intoXicating liquors destroy the human race. " Toe Dteruattricn.—The Roston Path : Finder thus notices an incident attending . the Water celebration: "The market men and printers were in the same di. vision on Wednesday, and as the procession moved through the streets a striking contrast Was noticed in the appearance of the two bodies. Those whose business it is to provide for the wants of the body were nearly all robust and hearty looking men, while the caterers for the mind exhibited marks of severe and exhausted moil, without a superbundanco of the "roast deef" A 4 the procession was passing through one of the streets at . the North End, some tone uhserved that the Typographical Society was nut very large.: "Nivel. min I," responded a ann of Erin. "they'e gut more intelligence than alt the rest." “lEDY - ARK ANSAS.--.The town of, Yellville, in Marion county, 'Arkansas, was on last Monday week the scene of a must terrible trage:ily. A feud exited between two families, 'Putts and Everett.— They encountered each other at a meeting in Yell ville, and the proceeding,: are de,cribed as follows: A man by the name of NVadkinS, of the Everett Marty, Shot down Jack King. At the sam&titne, Situ Everett fired at Sinclair and missed him: returned the shot, mortally wounding Everett. King's broiler was shot at by Bartlett Everett, the ball graziug his shoulder; ho in turn shot Bartlett Everett dead in his tracks.- After Sim Everett was shot, he gatheri.td a rock, and pursue,' Sinclair; but finding King who-hal been shut in tho beginning of the fi%ht, he turned on him and mashed his skull in ~„I,,,e k in g manner, and expired While in the act.- - King lived until Morning. - Wddkins was badly beaten. lie was taken into 'castody, but made his escape that night. Pos-riwmeus Jouttro.—An English 'miser, John r ee d ) , lately died in London, leaving the following will: "I etc and bequeath to my niece the flannel waistcoat I now wear. I givestultermeathAl each of my sister's grand-children ono of the earthen pots on the top of my wardrobe; finally I give and bequeath to my sister as the last token of affection .1 have always felt for her, the brown AT at the head of my bed.'` rhis disappointment of the le gatees when this strange will was read, may be ea sily imagined. The deceased was spoken of by all in a manner no way 'flattering to him, nod his sister, in a fit of anger, gave the brown-atone jug a kick, , which broke it in pieces, when &complete stream of, guineas poured out ( 1 . it, and the.genoral disappoint-, meat gs ye way to joy. E tclt hurried to:examine his or her legacy and the old black coat, the waistcoat, and the little earthen pots, were found equally well filled, the testator having only wished to cause an agreeable surprise: INTIFULNATIONAL POSTAGE..-.-ACCOITIin to M. Bnncroft'a new arrangement with the British gov ernment. the ratc , of postage to be charged on half mince letters sent in steamers of both nations, 'will be—lfor carriage 'across the 'Atlantic', 20 •cents; 'for delitery at the post ()nice 2 cents; wittier the inland transportation the rate.charged. for domestic lettere. So l that a• letter addressed at Liverpool to New Yo,rlr, and brooght by a steamer fro Liverpool to BoStoryivould be charged 27 cents of which 20 would be paid to Ilte•-steamer bringing • it; wh et h er , British orAmerican. .The act of June - 9.lth, 184 4 ; empowera . the Pont Master general to carry tbenew. arra ngeinent into operation, wit Witt waiting for further legislative action. We believe that the British government hive fur some tltne been willing to nettle the matter cin'this basis...lloBton 'liana eripe LATER PROM YiNATAN. The New Orleans Pic/vane of Oct. 29 says;—. The brig Tartan, Capt. Grey arrived yesterday from Sisal, having sailed the 21st inst. Among her pas genitors was Mr. David G. Wildiaormerly an olli. cer of the 13th U. S. infantry. Mr. Wilds left :Merida on the night of the 20th. He comes over here empowered by the Government of Yucatan-in raise troops with which to make head against the Indians. The design is to flap a regiment of Am ericans. There are &mut eighty Americans - now in adtbal i service in Yucatan, and 150. mere have gone thither under captain - White; but sluff regi ment of IA least 500 men is needed. With Mr. Wilds we have had i conversation up on the position of allitirs between the whitei and the (lichens. Of late the Indians have generally, been defeated in their skirmishes with the whites, but the latter are outnumbered and are unable to make any serious impression itpon their foes. Reliance must be had upon a better description lof force. From Merida, the capital, the whites are operating in five distinct lines radiating from that centre, toward the territory i,t the occupation of thu Indians, whose head=quarters and general rendezvous are Tlasuca, a town fur in the iiiterior. In The third and fourth divisions ate the Americans serving, of whom we have lately heard as being engaged, with great cred it to themselves. The city of Valladolid is in. the possebsion of the Indians. It is a place of impor tance, and formerly of wealth. The fourth division was pushed d t rectly upon that city, and had advan ced within sight of it by the route Of Izamel, Tun kax, Citax, Tlonsit and l'imy ,havino reached Pisev, the news of the taking of Yttscaba by the Indians arrived and tl o division was ordered to fall back.— Its Head-quar era at last accounts were Izamel, but a een.i lernbl. garrison was left in Tnnkan, an:Premix)). Thu last news is' that the Indians n the neighborhood of all these tow us, several rat oily's' to carry them, but so . They are so numer&ig that a re- were in f•lrce awl hal Ina& far hal failel pulse &sm. not dishe - arten them, awl they nre now threatening. .With r-killful: leaders, thoa. would overrun the.whote country at once. We learn frdm Mr. Wilde, the pro eat position of the troops on each line of operitions,'hat have given that of one only. Without continual refer ence to good maps, our rea:ers would not compre hend the positions, and would may be confused with the repetition of harlutrons names. The truth, upon the whole, seenut to ha that the tudians are in pod eession of the largest and fertile portion of the country. and that they will retain it until dispos sessed by a race tuperior to that which is now dis puting with them the dominion of the peninsula. L. Fit P:Ao - iir.-11the ' public history uf nterestiuln his dome:lie hintory Wails I,ll:tyr.*o this tiriti .flertion Irimi which useful lessons may 'Married to a - brain ifnl and accomplish- subjPeis 4)1 be learned. %%Mid MO fie his home all man coull ed lady, wilt; tenrit'binielf from the ties of domestic ieh for, h pursues bi 3 centre() over patltlt'.s4.prui- a llC'et 101 l Ail w.cupt tutitintains, to letiNe behind him contribute to the scientific knowledge The iron will of this adventurer is il- ries ail,' KIJ n name and' of his race. his late Sepal ture for: the plains and the histraied in On his way to Independence, one of MOllTlifilfia his childret died, and at that plue4t he bade fare well to his wife, who has jit,t returned to St Louis. The motive which impelled him to leave all the blandiplime its-of-society to roam among hostile sav ages, is On of those incomprehensible traits of lin • ter that have never been satisfactorily y metaphysicists. Fume may dazzle hot !adds anythitta to happiness may well be —Cincinnati paper. man cfmro , ann:yzeJ b whether it qneationed Tint Iry Camden, stitrtriiut I likely to r reform. Oil 'rue able to so., reeurrenc viou„ity •i Sunday, e prepared ing her in relieved b which ha sihility, bI her hand. since re tinned night, MI use of chi I of the nil . Monday, taken dri of the Spa ear. IROPIIOIIIA CASE.—Mrs. Burrooglo , of . J., who, for several days past, has been we a violent attack of hydrophobia, is cove., through the application of chic- day, she was Fo much'relieve.l as to be How a largo quantity of tniik, without a of the spasm with which 'late was pre ficted at - the mere sight of water. On 'erg attempt to swullowt the medicines y her physicians had the etrect of throw ' o --Ist the inhalation of Vilorofortn. The arm previously been very painful lost all sea , t Dr. Jackson cut the festered sore on and she was relieted by the di-Lchar2es ined its sensibility. The sympqMs con n alarming nature until late on Saturday en they were apparently overcome by the troform. rind she was able to sleep the rest ght. She continued to improve during /Ind on Tuesday was alino.d tempted to ok of water, hut the fear nf a recurrence Isms hawed a postponement for the pres- RAPH ey, reril by Office, ,:so ittim.—A man named Michael Shark ilog in Spriinr street, was arrested yesterday + Pkillip- , , and brought before the Police 0, no the charge of committing a rape on in of an interesting girl named Jane Miff friears of age, whoresided in his family,— 6. 0 n iiih t he t ook j a few drams of that "pat ilit'" tire:play writers speak of so eloquently to of Ittatt a existence, and getting extreme " he kicked his better half nut of doors, ,nv, opithe house went to the bed on which girl slept, dragginglier to his bed, and fl her to remain all Idea with him, and de 'cries ail I screams he debaoche I inn. per the most disgusting manner. The next e fiend, for man we canhot cell him, a:tempt :tine outrage, and had the neighbors not r heart-rending cries and pile ins •manns, to her rescue, the wretch would have again I , r to lie with him. Tongue cannot conceive :rage more palpable as I one' deserving so !punishmeia of the law's strong arm.— rinickerf?ocker, Intir nit. Magistr the !terse ph). i 1 )1 on Sind ent pub() an the ba MEI a , d lock' the little compelle i spire herd MM night, th' et! the s heard he and cam forced 11, of an out fully the .Itbang • AN In'Amous koN.—ln one of nnt English papers by the list Mail, we find u statement to the follow ing etre9t, which we think only finis its parallel in thtinimat 0181 chi Id reit of Kriug Lear, In the Tan ton ("minify c ourt, Mr. Combo applied fur the discharge of an ins ,!vent, named George ale, an oil man up wards of 70 years of age, who had been ,imprisoned eight years at the suit of his eon FredOrck Day.— The old mut stated that some years agnihe had sign ed off th . whole of Ilia property, of the vPlue of about .C.IOOU, t.) his children, and having given a note of hand for £5O, to Frederick, 'which he failed to meet at :he proper time, he was proceeded against, not withstanding that he had lent various sums to the son, any tinting in the whole to nearly 1:50, but of which no account had been kept. The result was that the unfortunate old' turun was thrown idto prix. on, where he remained eight years. His Honor, the Jodge, it umediatelyprdered the insolvent'ddiscliarge ithservin. that he ought to.,have had it eight yeara ago. . 1 CG' Captain Ottinger, favorably known ,npnn La-;te Erie as connected with the revenue service, has heel roJigned the duty of •earrying kits, &Teat the act of Congress passel at the last P (-Gs io n, for the preservation of life and property from ship wreck on the coast of New Jcrsy. We learn that Ca,pt. O is also directed to superintend the.construc firm of urf boats, rockets, Br.c., for the purpose of establis ing the means of communication between stranded vessels'an# the shorn during heavy gales, where i cannot be done with the means now in use upon th shores,—.2/briny Knickenpavr. Ttlarried, - at Barn-stable, by the Rev: John r ,„ Gates, . John Post r to Miss Sophia Units. If this n tch don't make n fence of the first quality, we s tid like to know what will..—Bristol Mirror. Th , incinnati - Disonich says: -We have heern tell' of rail; an tnrenl crooked they •trouldn't lie still. f the one in Tient ion'he Of this sort, it would take a pretty expert :fenceboilder to make w.Poat available.. We would be loth to stake high on-such a match. ll,' AN UNWORTHY SIMPIMID.--.RIPV. ',Me W. Wal lace hal been coning up queer shines in the Grand River country, !Missouri. The Chronicle says he claimed to be an authorized preacher of the Chris- Unwell' rch—repr..sented himself to be a widower— fell in' I ve with wrung girl just turned into woman madrthn t washgt of inquiring what i nner of man he lt turned out that he had. kalifs end children near ! Spencer, la., whom lie had deserted, When this information was received in a letter from the Postmaster of that town, Parson Wallace put out, and when last seen ho was between Cox's Mill.and tinneus, going it with the speed of a locomotive .—St Louis Republican, . ' 1 1 THE WEEKLY OBSERVER. PA:, SATURDAY MOOING, NOVEMBER 18, 1848 TO THE I' l l'T BONSOF THE OBSERVER , - By reference to our advertising, columns it will be seen that the partnership heretofore existing under the firm of Maws t't SI.O.tS, in the publication of the ERIE On- sinvsn, was dissolved by mutual, arrangement, on the Ith inst. The Books and accounts of the latufirm have been transferred to the senior partner, Mr: Durlim for settlement. He will be found, until Gem Taylor, or his Secretary, orders otherwise, in the Collector's office, in Williams' Block, whore those indebted aro earnestly re quested to call and make payment. Many of the ac conots have boon running for Iwo years and a half— many no: so long—but Mb new or old, must be - settled up. Those whO - haye pltid in advance will ha furnished with the paper the full time for which they have contract ed, so that no ono will lose by the change. It is scarcely necessary fur me ; upon assuming the sole proprietorship of the paper, to enter into au exposition of the manner it will be conducted. The past five years and-k-half, in which its Editorial department has been almost - exclusively under my control, is a sufficient in dex to the future. Hereafter, as heretofore, it will en (leaver to be a true expositor of the views and principles of the Democratic party. I believe that party right— ' I believe its measures best calculated to promote the in terests of die many, wahoidehdangering or encroaching upon the rights of the few. 1 believe its policY must and will eventually triumph, for it is the policy which, while it arrays neither class against class, nor Section against section, restrainsgo encroachments of capital upon the rights of labor—and believing thus, no reverse liko the election of Gen. Taylor, can 'sha'. zny confidence iu the ultimate fulfillment of the ;Imo mission of our re public, through theiinstrumental i ty of Democratic mea sures. In iity own short ' care er I have seen darker days for the Idetimeratic cause - than the present, for above and bcivond the horizon of whig success—high above the "noise and confusion" of whig rejoicing—l thilk can be discerned the sun of D.nnocratic ascend ancy shining out—the shouts of Democratic victory re vel berating even among the hills and valTys of protec tion-humbugged Pennsylvania. But a truce to politics. The readers of the Observer have- undoubtedly had enough for the present; and in future, while I shall, claim and exereiso the right of approving or condemning the measifres of the Administration the American people, in their wisdom, have seen tit to call into being, its col umns wine filled almost exchisively with such solve hens from the current literature of the day as R ill con tribute to interest, instruct and amuse its rendes. As a cotemporary very truly and justly remarks, a pure, hold, enlightened political press, is ono of the highest blessings of society.; a corrupt ono its direst curse. While it es pouses the cause of right, hoWevcr weak, and opposes the wrong, however powerful,;when it proves itself, supe rior to the temptations which distort the views of 'public men, and vindicates its right to judge their conduct by the clearness of its vision, and the perfect independence of its vi e ws—it rises to a dignity end importance which cannot but command respect. As a vehicle, then, of news, and a welcome visitor to the fire-side circle, no phis or expense which the extended willWalit, shell be F pared. Amid the din and 1 e1a. , 11 of a political canva .s even; the OBSERVER has al- Ways beenlpartially devoted to literature and news, and now that a four, years cessation has arrived, it shall not be my fault, if it does not become a more welcome guest to the lovers of light reading than ever before. I cannot close this brief announcement without return ing the grateful acknowledgments of the late firm for the very generous patronage extended to the establishY mom by its political and personal friends. We found it embarrassed, and the confidence or dm party and com munity generally, shaken in its stability on 'account of the numerous, change of publishers which had taken place. To regain that confidence and establish the paper n e^dh , ,fini fll*Pli "tt alt of pride wo announce that the heavy debt contracted in the purchase of all the old clahns against the. establish ment, is very nearly liquidated, and that ample means have been placed in the hands - of • the retiring partner to meet the balance, as well as ercry saw: indebtedness of the firm. These means, however, necessarily embrace a large amount of debts duo the office, and will require some little time to make them available. *hose indebted, therefore, will see the absolute necessity for an immedi ate settlemenl of their accounts. - Trusting that the same approving smiles 'of patrons and friends will be extended to me, individually, that have cheered my etnrts while connected with another, I can not but look on the future with the most lively anticipa tions of success. , . B. F. SLOAN. Erie, Nov. 17, 181 S. %Vilest: Pursitmly rs Ht:?—Now Chit "old Zack"'is certainly elected, the question arises, tyhoso President is he? It is almost equal in importatfc'e to that, "who struck Billy Patterson?" The Clev'eland Pfaindeafir says he certainly does not belong to die "Ultra whigs." Oh no. Old Zack would not be the candidate of any such men. He despises 'an "ultra whig.". He says ho is not such himself, an i d ho told the uliras if they wanted an ultra whig President "to. cast their votes for somebody olso than him." Ho received a nomination, first, by the "Native Americans," second, by the "No party party' , Maryland—third by the "Slaughter•house convention," • at l'hiladelphia—and fourth, by the "Slave-holding dem ocrat,. ofCharloston." They all have voted for him, and now whose President is he? We find but ono-parallel case on record, and that in tho Sacred History: A woman had seven husband, brotherfs;lthey all died; qnd the question which puzzled the chrlsdans in those days, was: "In the romrrection whose wife would she be?" It will take a wiser' man than now lives to toll whose President Comm. Taylor (or rather Tyler) Will be! A LEE tl/Y IN TUE FIELD.—From all parts of the country we hear of disinterested whip being out for the spoils.-- In Maki, Cleveland, Pittsburgh and .Meadville, the scrabble has already - commenced. Ide're the aspirants for the Post-olliee already number half a dozen, with a well-delined tendency to increase to an indelinife extent For the two Light-houses the names aro legion. Fo r the Posts of Collector and Deptity,.the - number already Wattled would fill all the vacancies which "Old Zack" could create in, a year with a Frank Granger gullotin, Verily there is fun ahead, of Which our readers shall be duly advised.. A PAcr.—Tho Domocracy have drove every thing be fore them at this election in the shape Of politicians, ex cept "free sellers." They aro n little behind, but the Whigs that arc %ridge but not "ultra,". the whip that-ar e "ultra,'' the Natives,' the "no party" men, the Taylor men and all, have run "old Zack" so far out of sight that wo really doubt whether he'll .knoto the half of them w h en he gets to the White Ileum A VAT.UARLE WORK FOR FiRMERS.—W. E. Howson & Co., have laid upon our table 4 most valuable Book, which 'every Fanner ought to possess. It is entitled "ToK COMPLETE PROI)UCE t REcitoRER," and shows at a glance the value, by pound or bushel, of all kindli of grain; also a "Ready Reckoner for all kinds of merchavi dim from) one cent to onto &Aar " "to which is added a tablo fo computing intoroat, tables for calculating the' price of Ifay,llio measure of wood and stone, the con teots•for cisterns, &c. &c." This' little work cannot fail to fmd a ready solo, as it fills a void among the useful works of the day. it VAR Bonv 1840 ANIS 1848.—1 n 1840 Martin Van Buren received twenty-eigh t ix trland sev en hundred and fi ft y-two votes for the Pr dency. in the State of MarYland. At the Presiden ral election just held, he urn's again a candidate, and in the whole State received but twenty-hro votes. la Delaware. Mr. Van Buren received, in 1840, four thousand eight hundred and forty-fout votes. The same stets now. gives him only serenty-fircvotes. 1-I+w are the mighty fallen: GEN. TAYLOR,ELECTED-ITS EFFECT UPON I=M=l The Democracy of the country"are defeated, but not annihilated! The principles , for which they have so gallantly contended are eternal, and although they may for a time ho borne down wish the cry of •`av - ailability," , Mopartyisin" and a "blind I dherence to mere military I .i renown," their recuperative ...Porgies must and will event ually cause ihernto triumph. The Democratic policy is the policy of the masses, and whenever their oppournts attempt to substitute others, then the re-action commcii ceS; and the itext of portunity they do not fail to rebuke them. Thisj was the (lase in 1814, and will be in 185th The aditilitti:tration of ••Tippecattee and T ) ier too," was One through which the measures of whigery •to the ful lest extent, with the exception of a b•iiik, wore carried out, amid the success of the Democriey in the subsequent canvass can be traced to that policy. But enough of this now—hereafter we sh6ll have ample time 'end opportu nity to discuss those points: our object at present in to examine the causes which have contributod to send the Democratic [ barque on an exploring expedition to the head of thnle waters so often traversed by our opponents —we men.o6Salt River." We had hoped for a different result—We trusted that the American people would once more. us in tittles past, endorse those principles and measures, under the benign , influence of which, this couthey has become what idle is. We had it right to expect because we had ou our Lk a - good cause, truth, justice, and sound policy. Our candidates, in pointof capacity and experience. wore so immeasurably above their opponents that a compari son was never attempted in the heat oven of poldical con troversy. Why then, has the National Deis crass, led on by two of tho most enlightened and talented States men this or any olln;r nation ever produced, been borne down by the popular will? As our cotemi+ary of the Pennsytrunion well says, ho who shall spocuyite upon the causes of this result, need employ vela' littqi argument to satisfy his owntinind, or that of his reader. A thou sand interests—each animated by its own peculiar desire —each instigated by its own peculiar grief— ire suddenly organized under tho banner of a hero wltuf , e indefinite pesitiOn was rested as an encouragement to those who , wanted but little, and whose conflicting op . nions could be respeeqyely taken to please conflicting for f tions. The great Democratic Party had olFended many bf these mffi in-, torests—some by failing to give the -oco—others by' refusing to comprom;se its principles—others by its bold repudiation- of detected traitors—and others still, by be ing made to appear its the foe of Certain enterpriser, for the special protection of which it is the fashion of oi'tr opponents to believe all government It is been instituted among men. Add to this hetcrogebeens combination, the populreppellte fo i e »Llitary klory, and ho geett how,vainly lhe.e odds was opposed the national Democracy. in the fierce onset of the, Arlie—begun in very delirium, and waged under the excitement of a thousand hopes and hatreds—the t - lag that has so long de fied the battle and the breeze, is temporarily lowered, and the eager and hungry legion: of a most miscellaneous op position, find themselves soddenly in possession of the government., Need we speculate as to the consequences of success thus secured! Need we aSSIIIIIO the otlice of a prophet rind point how and why this combinafol, like. a bundle of sticks When the thong that binds them together is re moved, will tumble to pieces. No, them is no necessity for it. Thel history of the four ears preceding the pres ent administration, will be the history of ,the next. The history of Tyler will be the history of TWylor. It is true the whig party proper may not quarrel with him for the same reasons that tliey quarreled ith Tyler, yet quarrel with him they will!—and not only with hint, but I with their allies! Again, Gen. Taylor comes into power under very pe, culler circumstances. lie has been represented at the North es the opponentaif the extension of slavery over tho territories of California and New Mexico. At the South ho was advocated on exactly opposite ground...— During his ndministietion, then, this question must be met, and one or the otter will be cheated. A bill estab lishing territorial governments in those territories will mast likely teas. I. _,u course, the ordinance of 'B7 land will necessarily be ve toed by the President. Mr. Polk stands pledged to ibis course in his message signing the Oregon bill, and what he stands pledged to do he will do. At•tho next cession the bill will again be passed with tl.e proviso. Will Gen. Taylor veto it? Ile dare nut do otherwise, end then where will the responsibility of its defeat lay? Whu will ba held accountaidu by the people? Will it not be the Curwins, Web4ters. Greeleys and Se.wards.o whigery! Will it not be Cie whig party North—a party that has wilfully placed a Southern slave-holder where ho can defeat the will of the nation—a party that is now rejoicing over a victory achievcd by one of the most stu pendous `•swindles" over perpetrated upon the people!-- Gen. Taylor's election, then, id destined to scatter the Whig party at the Noith to the four-winds of Heaven— it will ho the prima C 31113.3 of breaking up its organize don in the free States, and ridding New England from the curse of its dominion! We speak not as a preViet, but aus a reasoner from cause and effect. BM suppose (which is impossible) the promise made. ta the people by Northern Whig politicians, that Gen. Taylor mot in torpose his veto should Congress see fit to prohibit slavery in the territories, prove true? What will become of Southern whigery? Where will the Berriens, the Pey tons, the Joneses, the Prentices, the Coombses, and 1113 Hi[bards find an agyhun from the indignation or tho pee ple!l Where will even Gen. Taylor himself find a place secure from their reproaches! No, Gen. Taylor will have no desire to sign such a bill, and if hs,had, ho &ire not do it. fifs administration will ban Southern admin- istration—:usfriends, associations, feelings and interests ate all Southern. Can the Corwins, Nrehsters, and Greeters, of the Noith, hope to - catch his car under such circumstances? Tho idea is preposterous. int this.is not all Gem Taylor'l administration will have to contend with. His elecqn has been accom plished, as we have before said, I . nbination of all the factions known in 'the histor itics. Each of hese believe themselves pecul itled to all the , poils, and us all cannot be satisi lisappoiute•d will mmediately wage a War of rove fist him equally s fierce as tficy have agai .fit t ocracy. If the chninistration escapes this rock, oe more than was ever accomplisaed before by a federalist. Om Cass -41 T Honr..—The democrats of Michigan made no pledges or promises to their friends In other States. We have always suppose* tho Stato couldbe relied on for .5000 majority for Gen. Cass-..a Majority which -no other 'candidate could possibly obtain. It-is wtih the most sincere pleasure that we now record tho vote of Michigan, showing a majority of 7000 for the democratic candidate for the Presidency. No event,. save only his election to the Chief 'Magistracy, could bp more gratifying to 'Gan. Cass, or reflect greater honor upon him, tharythie. It is a tribute from his immediate friends and neighbors—from the men who know' him well and freely bestow their highest confide Ice upon hiM. The Ward in which Gen. Cass resides, the City of De troit, his County and his Stato give him overwhelming majorities. Our friends thronghout the Union will ac 'knowledge a weighty obligation to the generous and pa triotic peothe of Michigan, GEM. TAYLOR'S SECRETARY OF Wan.=-Tho Pittsburgh Commercial Journal says it belioves ' , that it is a matter of very general consent, that Gen.'TtVlor will appoint W. W. S lilies of the U. S. Army, to be Sectary of i l l War. No Valid objections can be made to swell elleic,- ‘; lion." Major Bliss is undt4stood to be, a Dem l oplir What will thel "ultras" think of such an'appointmor* i - --- (I:7' " We learn from the Gault,: that David 111cAHosier has been appointed Commissioners' Clerk. We think this an excelle n t appointment. and the only wise act we ever know the Commissioners guilty of. Mout—OUr streets aro flooded with mud—tho side-walks are covered with mud—the whole country is in the mud, and the mud is in the country; and to sum it all up, this is decidedly n muddy nrticlo. It is all ow. ing howeiter to the election 'of Gen. Taylor and tho suc cess of "free soil." GOOD Arivrer.—The Gozetto ad ! huts the patriots Ott, whig party who desirO to servo theiti court ry, and tau nt , on the 'Pods of viCtury, tot to 1,. - . In a hurry. In effect it tells-them to ..take . 011; thin., SionnrYt" end pr, tiently wait until - nest summer,end the: "go it go o d And strong." In this case our coterneorari gives weep ers l-. advice, and flout the signs of the tunes, we should jud o it waiynuch needed. I'm w:11 it:be horded—thaps the question? NVill our office Luting wbig.s listen to , t , , , , preaching of wisdom, and forbear to reach 'oat the ir hands to clutch th ) gol Ic e ft nit it hick if ey imagi, ', old Zack" is going to stutter broadieast from Maine to T el; as? 0. no, tito•t ..agc and potent lecturir on the viny e , off rbr, irtin-e—the wldg patriots of Erm are not ow e of such attar, end if the administration d' n't set the go o . title in mot:on Minn diatt It utter the -It [ i of March, ma, work 'i . and night until every ''rag ally 10-ico.fo-ca" . is dec, Mutated, yen may look out for n isy times, and as little it d swearing "in Flanders." l'or i earanee we know - is n christinit virtue, and uur neighbor dues well to presti it, but in this instance ho will unques onably hate hi, labor fur bi,i pains, to sly nothing of th kicks he will re ceive instead of coppels. Whig Oilier), eekers forbeae_ preposterolis! Dut s the hungry-hy4a forbear with' t h e ;smell attest% in his Wastrels'. idot the savage forbeer when impelled by revenge! Whoq they aro restranreell by honied js orthi, then will our cotemptirariee good athiCel ho herded iy those to about lie preac e 6: SI NUDI. 1 t Ns ut...—lii looking over an old file of the "Artie lorher,"( tr;:l?) we canto across the following par. ag.r/1.11 in rogar,l to the rage in this con try for out-of- d h t : wav nattiest lieve 7 ' to it+il la OP! , Inditid Tun Il r her Inlifnt itartin. 1 chilil Au, cal virile I Male H. ;t Notyo Ditto; an iiriii tipo children it fit t h9rni tip to the tt mei , or wale." 7 \Vhat rend:q.v. 0 1 nh3ve paragrip ti4l., ;8 the fart" Clat the American p , td the indiv tidal w:to.i:nmed his dtv i i ferson in pito'cf Ilex, to the fir ofT The lady wort the witi: of the ga4, - ino ' and lias di , d since •tO la written, 1 ISISZ of game John•tor Octobe r you to ..4:111 bo e•ralth nn ( dic Indi! co o l The we 000 CM iigti fur out•of-the-way names is peculiar, I ;va, i r ecmiltr—thritigh we may i flot rival the ttpae,, , itultylicity of the appellati ns bestowed 11 ,,,, z ,A it,,l. Many of our sponsori: I _titles are a15.6 4 .] i d.itilitb...ss heard of the pa i r .. o email wh o her cl,risty nod lielt.ebuli, becatuto it was a script ur . 'zo, it a noon who swore au, oath that hei j i r ,I be named 'I . /looms Jrfft,rson—qc course 11 on harlot! a bow but his last bora Was afi k. 7,1 his ma at iud . l l owning that man mini/6011,1Ln sttilN;ce. An ccentrit auctionet rtleaus, a rsnistencti his twin rhughte Ibid an, t a ge M4.'111111 by the rani o of Sockney, no 11 1 the batiks of tile Miami.' hasl designated li tt numerical rotation, commencing .with li as One Stieitnev, Two SOe!ciiey, and so ci., lifaut who is culled Five ticknev. No oil: ''stinguizbing 'nark is aillxed to male or; MET N A. 11.) ST:ILNTI ME ifickl4, pulteta and fat tend,greeting, By proel 4th, 1313, he sontenees at east 2:0 thou-am e spit. the pot and the gridiron. It'e knot find .4.hug4ter, yet the j e ol of die Conlin eanands that one day—and l that d 4 the 2:3d i be set apart for thank.ti-iying anil 11111 - er, a grgat and happy people he thankful—how y—unleas the savory sarell lof roast, stews rftune the dome-tic sanctuary. You can th. tpare for tour dootn—the fir has stone forth, 1 enet must he oh •yeil! By the by. ttlie al icronS patrons is going to f;sirnish:us with' ail chickens or tuekles to prove our toally t i that be on The 2:1(.1. Don'tlan speak ato:mei —shout how ca they pr broil, p fore pre hip E•r MGM GERM power I'emel ur victorious c °temporary of 010'Yr/ed.:AA tits soutewhat win Ned than we i.a . );.e the dt ass •+•ith b 0 IllUell philosophy. Ike undou d to see us shed an ocean of tears; and, as 1 s ,r be °tn. eager iu Id Ile is make a fool of ourself g - enerolly over. the sappointed in this any lioic; and. that is ion. We never saw ally thing gained grumbling or scolding . . What is dane call CEEZCI %% hini helped wing T h a .1I t : 11 what is passed cannot be re_plled—wad trty eau rojoico at the election of such, a we c nattily had'nt ought to cry. If th. ilur ....... t......3...1.4111 can • more, be prepared t g.ve hem another trig n l 8 fl we rejoiced iu n new wit at the'es ig friends; Int fo . rtunalely for our poeke;ts w. d any one . :ha^ wanted to be clothed at • this time. We are eat em sorry for this our w no' nse ern b to ma ing is ngainst our principles, and we wore a e suitable restitution°. Luck is oi ery Viing 47 1 bofor t •htio heat! hum, Gen, Taylor and "free soil". appears to e them in the South, while that '•notorious Ma i I:st," Ger. Lewis Cass, don't appear to hat) of. Good L)rd, - is'nt f.is world gi MII I•encssair.N.—Of thedhirky-fclur members o elected in New York, oatthe ith iast., jilt) have carried - 31—the Free: Soilerdli, mu! grc aliats tilar Th' in Nt emocrats Democrats have elected 1 member of Co w Jersey, and the Federebsteit, Tho Philadelphia "North American is very, • t whip in South Carolina for toting fog d Ritter. Poor Ulan, he'd be in a worse fix South should do the same. trtnt !or a whol D►! disap echo , 1 edlv Arromrp.n.—Onr Whig friends appear to be )'ointedhreause we'did not blabber like s 11-boy ovrr tha defeat of Gen. Com , expected to "see sights," but were cons ed in." .1,4 is not the first time they hat• :ed in," however, as the history of John Tyi s; nor the last, as the history of Ctn. IKE prov prol ! WELL. !"—The Bdstoil Nation can es the rag off tho bush," in the annexed shol ill. He sOrs.: tl• t istho duty of overy Christian, who has the the poor at heart, to render horn all the can during the coming winter. Ladies nlin • employed.cau .patch and mend old clothe .hing moth-eaten in their wardrobes_and ha for those poor creatures who - 'are daily In 1"1 " tal agr.i est of they basil are LI. read such wed biyth . We will lin hippo to ?peek e tattered g lave them mended. as inatty calls aro tnade by old, and young." If-any body wants to know w•herel our r ut infottu them that he left for Ohio at the (from Pennsylvania. Tho last we heard of rowing tri‘twOhio and Michigan, but ovule' hoarse.-I:rie Oiserrer. We port was tins; ur Rooster has beE. l 'n chanticlecring through sere . learning our Democratic Cocks how to cro: has, roused the Chapmans in Lake, Geaun Mc ina, Lorain and Cuyahoga where crowing 1 bee allowed since Adam was a colt. - But 31r.01 y ou viii observe that our harps which hare so 101 on t o willows hung, lave now to make Pon You. Oh—what a shamt ! No wonder all ch:c, cent' leave your State . All honest pep& otq • the . awe, and leave it alone to _Whiger;.--Y Piet idealer, ght glad aro we to learn that our old Ch alive and well, and doing such good service. kno 'ledge that the way the old K oyStiono has' IC her' 'eels is a Amite, and we don't blame the tin stiCk.'', But hold on Mr. Plaindealer more trial, and if we don't knOck the tery, we promise tcc be tho first to set the ex honest people," and leave the State. 11111 One chi• "an if people only know how it pains UR, they !e so many inquires about the result. I.ant, so it bent. LEGRAPIIIC Divint:Nn.—The Pittsburgh, C Telegraph Company declared a end on Thursday last, of 8 per cent: A company of stock holders residing in K -,na, Arkansas, Louisiana and Mississippi, 'zed themselves for the purpose of tnanuf n, at Cannelton, about 12(drniles below Lei capital Mock of the compatly is $500,000, o i nderstand ittloo,ooo' will now he put to use,. l I.pindles will be started. Its a curious misprint in a country papor. Ellis, the husband of a wcll•known authors . cd'es ••the husband of the • Women of En interest' ng at , ogle have jintile l l ighter Thorn 1 1 lice in tio world) Col. Davis, of M ove p , nrag,ral h 3 —"ft) all the to gobblers, Gorr illation, belt in!, !~ lose of I coati SE TEI I oubt• ern IT bean folly rill otance , re rkt isbirh e that , ttll ri , port gl .oter beat him hi tly his If, Drug, s 0 a Lerrer, g beta fora eosiblot 614 a* cr4" man A ‘ e ae• kcd P bird ° l o t I give 0 ! e ou tti ME •ould'nt i e rot cinaftti .reefif !mucky.' EMI cturiog isvillti which nd 10" ,isde nd.,l.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers