THE COLUMBIAN, BLOOMSBUisA i Methods by Which They Avoid Duty on Alcohol. DISPLAY INGENUITY. Hollow Beam Containing Gallons of tha Prohibited Article Funeral Wreath That Concealed Pure Alco holCleverly Hidden Tank in the .roof of a Cart. i .I'ohol without a iloubt Is the ar- t o most often smuggled through the h m of Paris, and this is due to the .. i (hat the tax upon It has steadily u .'iascd during the past few years, j ...iiii'dlly, Increased taxation means higher profits on cc ;.trabaud goods aud therefore quickt;.s the ingenuity of smuggling. Under our very eyes, writes an of ficer of the Paris custom house In the Scientific American, theaw men an nually pass thousands of gallons of valuable spirits into the city, where It Is readily disposed of at nigh prices , to makers of perfumes o to liquor I dealers, who use it for adulterating their goods. Yet we keep a sharp watch on all who pass through the gates of the capital. None can enter until he satisfies us thnt contraband articles are not hidden on his person, no vehicle is admitted until it haa been thoroughly searched and every j ca.k of liquor must be declared beforo the owner Is authorized to pass on. Nor can auy one question the se verity and conscientiousness of tue inspection, as the men under my or ders have a share in the proceeds of the sale of any alcohol seized at the barriers. At given periods this is sold by the municipal authorities, one half of the receipts going to the city funds aud tho other half to the octroi employes. These men are not over well paid, so they look forward to increasing their Incomes by extreme vigilance In capturing smugglers. I can assure my readers that it is i well worth while to smuggle alcohol into Paris. The dues on each liter or . quart amount to four francs Id cen- j times, say 86 cents, fmagine the profit to be derived by any one who succeeds in smuggling several thous and gallons of alcohol a year. Among the thousand and one methods em ployed by smugglers some very curl- 1 ous ones have come under my obser- vitiou during the twenty odd years : tat I nave been connected with the -r ice. In the warehouses of the : jt.d de Ville are stored all sorts of . ;euious smuggling apparatus. They ) so numerous that quite a museum ;uld be formed, were it not for the ljr of teaching dishonest men how to ' defraud the government. j For several months smugglers dis guised as as stone ma-sons carried ! wooden beams through the gates with- j out our suspecting for a moment that they were hollow and contained large quantities of alcohol. But the fraud ' was eventually discovered by pure ao- ! cident, as nearly always happens. One ' day, just as the last man ot a squad ' pased the barrier with a cheery "lion- Jour comarades," he stumbled over a ! stone and fell headlong. Fearing that ' the man was hurt, I darted forward to . help him to hid feet, and had no sooner done so than to my utter as- I tonishment he arose' with astounding rapidity and made off, leaving the beam behind him; moreover, his com- ' panlons also took to their heels. The reason for their flight was soon appar- ; eat. From one end of the beam there : oozed a thin stream of liquid, which I instinctively detected as alcohol. During a period of more than six months the customs employes at the various barriers at Paris saw two men regularly pass before their offices carrying a very fine funeral wreath. Naturally they never asked them to pay dues on such an article as that and never suspected for a moment that it contained 40 litres of pure alcohol. The smugglers took every precaution against discovery, avoiding for in instance passing through the same harrier twice running. However, the trick was eventually discovered by an officer who insisted on examining the wreath and found that it contained a tla interior, filled, of course, with the valuable spirits. Among the many smugglers whom I have caught red handed there was one man who disarmed suspicion for months by his pleasant manner. He would uome up most the friendly way Imaginable, shake me by the hand, . wish me bou jour, ask after my health and talk for half an hour at a time k.n4 . I - . .1 , ... ... buvui .1113 iiewB ui me uay. All mis time his vehicle was standing at the gates, a vehicle which we little sus pected contained no end of untaxed alcohol. Apparently his cart was filled with bee and cider, for which he always paid. One day, however, he was caught. A young employe who bad never seen him before was alone on duty and Insisted on ransacking bis vehicle. Nothing save the casks of beer and cider was to be seen and be was about to 1 " the man pass when a drop fell on .as hand from the roof of the cov ered cart He looked at the spot of liquid, smelled It and at once detect ed that it was alcohol. In the roof of that vehicle was a cleverly arranged tank let into the woodwork, and in addition to this hundreds of litres of alcohol were stored under the driver's seat. i 0. TIIK HOOF OF TIIK WOULD. How Mr. Workman Climbed to m Peak S.t.lMO Feet Hlxh. W'Ml.i li n Qfii nt twin rl v M .nil (III HI IIIJ VI II - III 1,1 VIIU j Quarter of a million persons have swarmed over the Alps during one I season, their during feats appear as n.Pt) child pla'y compared vltli tho remarkable exploits of nu American woman on tho roof of the world -tho Itlnialynn peaks. .She, Fannie Mul lock Workman, and her husband. Dr. William Hunter Workman, hailiiifj from Worcester, Mass., succeeded in sealing a peak more than 23,00 foot high In what Is known as tho Namkin ranks of India. .Mrs. Workman gives an interest ing account of tho sensations experi enced dur'ng the ascent, says the Pittsburg Gazette. In the Hlmalyas, those mightiest of mountains from every conceivable viewpoint, there are no villages or hospices within a few hours of fio summits, no shelter huts for break ing the Journey, no corps of guld s. The mountaineer must go, self-provided, into the ravage and trackless wastes surround the cloud-capped giants which tempt ono to scale or fall. Tho preparations? Coolie de mands at Darjeellng are rather mi;.? nlflrent in comparison with thoso elsewhere. Our coolies, under a sir dar, wore to meet us at Chla Hanjan, fully equipped, and extra supplies were to be sent up to be in the upper part of Slkkim to meet us after wo had passed the mountains. We reached Askor Nullah village without accident, and starting from Mr. William Hunter Workman, there at 4 a. ni., gained the foot of the pass, 12,500 feet, at 10.30 a. m. Our coolies begged to remain, but were refused, and at a height of 13,000 feet several of them collapsed with a mountain sickness and rent the air with their walllngs. Despite our care of them, we were compelled to bivouac at 15,800 feet on a nar row, wind-swept ledge. It was a grewsome camp, with room for only one small tent. At 4.30 next morning, with the mercury at 26 degrees, we broke camp. The ascent was shary and dangerous, owing to the uncertain footing directly over a valley 8,000 feet below. Twelve hours of hard climbing brought us to the rope bridge span ning the river before Askole. Askole had been called tho end of the world, not Inaptly, the designa tion applying to seven villages scat tered throughout the remote valley. The Blafo and Baltoro glaciers, for exploring which Askole is the starting point, are said to be the largest glacier outside of the Arctic regions. Our plan was to follow up the former some forty miles to its origin at Hlspar pass and return to Askole. The only European who ever crossed Hlspar pass was Sir Martin Conway, in 1892. For tho benefit of those who may not have ascended to altitudes above 16,000 feet but who are dreaming of the attempt here are my experiences for what they are worth; As good a bodily condition as possible is, of course, desirable, to enable one to combat successfully the facteur majeur In high climbing di minished oxygon as well as to en dure fatigue and tho extreme cold of such regions. On the march to Askole I experi enced much greater difficulty In breathing at 17,000 feet than later nt 20,000 to 23,000 feet. The ad visability of passing a month, if pos sible, in valleys 11,000 or 12,000 feet up and in mnklng experimental tours is obvious. My pulse at 17,000 feet was 90; near the summit, 23,000 feet, 110. I cannot Bay I ever slept Boundly above 16,000 feet, and above 20,000 feet my rest was often disturbed by difficulty in breathing. Attacking the last stages of Koser Gunge my gasp Ings for air were extremely labored. I do not endure severe cold well at any altitude, and at this great height found the chill and numbness produced by the Icy wind bitter to bear. I recall no mountain sickness whatever, though the unprecedented nnd continued exertion, both on the ascent and descent of this peak, nat urally used me up considerably. But no lameness resulted, and the fol lowing day I felt perfectly fit and feble to attack another mountain had K PMR PfgeajajrjL. mm ii mil ruTrnniwro imu'O nnvc fir nro .ir m fflfiiujiimriiioto.ifiHiio uniour mm We Make $00,000,000 a Year Out of Nothing. TO ACCOMPLISH THIS We Turn Sawdust Into Sugar end Al cohol We Make Clothing From Pine Needles Derive Perfumery From Street Offal and Heavenly Aiure From Old Hoofs. The value of products annually manufactured out of materials which thirty years ago were thrown away as waste today amounts to fully $500, HHi.OOO a sum equal to nearly seven limes the annual production of gold in the t'nlted States. Sawdust was for years looked upon as an absolute waste material, says Moody's Magazine, and was either dumped Into a stream if flowing water or thrown Into a heap where it could be conveniently disposed of. During the last few years a process haa been disc overed which has given sawdust a value greater than that of solid lum ber. Iiy the use of hydraulic pressure and Intense heat the particles are formed into a solid mass capable of being moulded Into any shape and of receiv ing a brilliant lxilish. The only ma terials used are sawdust, alum and Slue. Imitation marble can be manufac tured from a mixture of sawdust with ivory waste, waterglass and glue. In Norway acetic add, wood naphtha, tar and alcohol are produced on a com mercial scale out of sawdust. Factories have been erected in thl3 country and in Europe for converting pine needles Into forest wool. This is used for mattresses and furniture, lor manufacture In hygienic articles an.l for such things as uuderve.Us and chest protectors. The principal line of sawdust rerun destined to be la the production vZ Etigar and of alcoliol. It In i .u. l '.cully pure cellulose and easily tuuv' (.ibil into those products. For many years bituminous coal operators threw away slack as waste. Later it sold for five cents a ton. To day It commands at the mine 7." tcila a ton, or within five lenta a U;u el the price of run up r.iir.o coal. The Increase is due to demu-.id io:n ing from makers of cement, run.icily they bought lump coal nnd pulverised It Finally one of them experimented with slack and found it satisfactory and cheaper. He Is said to use liO tons of slack daily. Each large packing establishment now has Its long list of by-products. The products of the gray brain matter of calves are employed In affections of the nervous system, sucn aa nervous debility, nervous exhaustion, St. Vitus' dance, mental disorder and iusautty. The blood of the slaughtered ani mals is congealed and manufactured Into buttons and is also utilized In the production of albumen for the use of the calico printer, the sugar refiner, the tanner and others. The bones are used for a score of different purposes, being manufac tured Into knife and toothbrush han dles, chessmen, combs, backs of brushes, mouthpieces of pipes and various other articles. Black hoof3 are used in the manufacture of cyan ide of potassium for gold extraction, and are also ground up to make fer tilizer for florists, grape growers and others. Among the other articles manufac tured out of the former waste pro ducts of the abattoir are glue, fly paper, sandpaper, gelatine, isinglass, curled hair, bristles, wool felt, hair felt, laundry soap, soap powders, gly cerine, ammonia, bono meal, pepsin, poultry food, neat's foot oil and a score of other products. The annual value of the by-products of the pack ing industry, all of which are manu factured out of what was considered a waste material thirty years ago, la approximately $200,000,000. Prior to I860 cottonseed was usually hauled to a remote place to rot or dumped into a stream of flowing water. Out of this product, then deemed a nuisance, there was manu factured in 1900 by-producta having a value of more than 42,000,0O0. More than a ocore of products are today manufactured out of cottonseed, including butter, paper, fertilizer, cot ton batting, cattle feed, soap, lard, cottolene, crude oil and salad oils. John D. Archbold, vice-president of the Standard Oil company, is author ity for the statement that for the last ten years more than one-half of the profllts of the company have been made out of the manufacture of Ly proilucta. The company could throw Into tne ocean every drop of refined oil as fast as It was manufactured, and would still be able to pay hand some dividends to its stockholders simply through the sale of its by products. The choicest perfumes which are placed upon the market are obtained from oils and ethers extracted from (lowers, but there are many other oils which are artificially made out of bad smelling elements. OH of pineapple Is best made by the action of putrid cheese or sugar or by distilling rancid butter with alcohol and sulphuric acid. The esentlal flavoring substance of the vanilla beau as well as other es sences are manufactured out of coal tar and the oil of cloves. Science Says from 55 to 62 He Loses Courage INSTANCIES NUMEROUS Duller, Mcthiicn, Tjron, Xnpoleo.i and liojost vensky Are F.xnniple After 02 Man Is Tnitwir(!y Agnln FiikIInIi ;riirr:.!-i ': Blundered In liner War. Is there a brief period in- every man's life, who has pas:icd the p'ce of flfty-flvc, nnd tint reae'vi sU'y two, when the heart and bri.ln ie fnso to respond to crises, and fn'ftl errors, Impossible at any nth r po rlod. are committed? A foremost Kngllsh ibvtnr sav;i so, and he fortifies his aivu;n .it !:li Impressive Instances. When this condition nfiVct then, bits.nesH nun nho.v Irresolution n'ul suspicion without rca'-on, stntoswvn nia!;e Inexcusable blunders of pol icy, soldiers commit the most glaring nib'akes which cost battles, and '.icl'ors lose battleships, while trusty rall'-ond engineers run past slgn.ila and cause disnstrous'wrerks. After the danger mark Is passed, .ho Folldlty and co:i:-orvat lsni of old i- como to the rescue, and tho to bnlt Is seen In men of extraordinary preservation, like Olailstonc. Ilivn, So. tor Hoar, Verdi or Gen-itl Roberts. It Is a fart, however, that tn-ny instances eoom to bear out the l.lo.i of the Kngllsh doctor. In 1S93 occurred one of t'ie fa mous naval disasters of history. U did not happen In time of warf.-re, an.l yet it resulted in th'j wanto:i waste of almost 500 Uvea. This wns the collision between the warships Campordown and the Vic toria, during manouvres of tho IC1.3 llsh navy. Admiral Tryoti, nn ho.iorod vet eran, was In command of th" fi- ct, and stood on the bridge of his f!a;j chlp, tho Victoria. Tho Camperdown, n ship with a. ram. came around with a sweep, rte scriblng a curve that would have bft plenty of room had the Victoria turn ed in right direction. But incompre hensibly Admiral Tryon gave an or der which sent his ship In exactly the opposite way. Camperdown and Victoria came together, nnd the ram of the formr sent the Victoria to tho bottom. Admiral Tryon stood like a statu-; on tho bridge, nnd made no effort to escape. It was the virtual suicide of a brave man, who at tho end com prehended the lives his blunder had cost, and dared not live to face tho reproaches that must be his. Tho surprise of the British nation equalled its grief and horror. "Why did he make such a mis take? He, an experienced officer, who had spent his life giving orders, and had never blundered before?" No ono could answer, but the new theory explains, Tryon was B9. The antics of Kojestvensky dur ing the Russo-Japanese war would have been ludicrous but for their se rious result. He blundered seriously in the battle of the Straits of Korea, which resulted In his capture and overwhelming defeat at the hands of Admiral Togo. But this was less mysterious than his unprecedented action, which hns never been ex plained clearly, of firing into a fleet of harmless British fishing smacks, an action which narrowly missed em broiling Russia In a war with Eng land. Nobody denied RoJe3tvensky's bruvery, his Judgment was the of fender. Perhaps an excuse may be found for his in the fact that he was more than fifty-five, but had not reached sixty. When Weyler was In Cuba his of fendlngs, his brutality and his cu rious utter inability to Judge a situa tion made him the most hated and pcorned man of the decade. But nov in Spain he has grown till his ser vices to Alfonso are genuine and pa triotic. Can it be that pnssln;? be yond sixty-two has wrought tho de velopment? Before he reached tho ago of fifty five Napoleon III. ranked as a gallant soldier who had done valiant service tn the Crimean War. While consid ered selfish and vain he had shown dl-tlnct powers of diplomacy and was regarded as a strong mun. But in the seven years betweeu the ngo of fifty-five and sixty-two he committed a series of unparalled fol-ll-s finally culminating in his suici dal forcing of a war with Germany, an act which threw his family from tho throne, ended monnrchy in France and sent him to England to die In exile. The English generals who com mitted the blunders in the Boer Kngllsh war were men between the ages of fifty-five and sixty-two, the Bullers and the Methuons. Those who went to the rescue were curiously either above or below the fatal age. Thus Lord Kitchener was at that time less than fifty years old and Lord Roberts, tho much loved "Bobs," was getting close to oveuty. It was this pair who ended h most humiliating condition of af fairs for Rngland and stopped the lioer successes. Dowey, past the danger mark, beat l.lontljo, in the fatal zone, at the but- llo ot Manila, aud ho similar in- ktauceg might be luuJUidied. Tlio Kind Y011 Have Always In use for over 30 yours, and fflf'Jt 801ml supervision ulnco Its infancy. 'AcACVi Allow 110 nnn todccelvo von In tlit.4. All Counterfeits, Imitations and " Jiist-tts-jrond' nro hut Experiments that trlllo with and endanger tho health of Infants and Children Espcrlcnco against Experiment. What is CASTOR I A Costoria Is a harmless substitute for Castor OH, Pare goric, Drops and Soothing Syrups. It is Pleasant. It contains neither Opium, Morphine nor other Xarcotlo substance. Its ago is its guarantee. It destroys Worm nnd allays Feverishness. It cures Diarrluea and Wind Colic. It relieves Teething Troubles, cures Constipatlou and Flatulency. It assimilates tho Food, regulates the Stomach and lJowels, giving healthy and natural sleep Tho Children's Panacea Tho Mother's Friend. GENUINE CASTORIA ALWAYS Bears the The Kind You Have Always Bought In Use For Over 30 Years. Doctors In 1600. vu :i:!t injury read from a gray lit tie bL'k: "A c;;.v.!i made of the right horn of a r.'.m ci.ias the headache if it he on the right side of the head helng combed with it; of the left horn for the left side." He smiled and resumed: "The cough is easily cured If the party troubled with it spit three or four times into a frog's mouth, but It must be Into the mouth of the same frog. You can keep her alive In a little water." The antiquary's book was called "Culpepper's School of Phyfdok, cr The Experimental Practico of th3 Whole Art." Its author was Nicholas Culpepper, and the date' of its publi cation lt!23. Tor the volume, which was a first edition, the antiquary's price was 15. He read from the book the follow ing odd extracts: "To draw a tooth without pain, (ill an earthen crucible full of emmets or ants (call them by which name you will,) egga aud all, and when you have burned them keep the ashes, with which if you touch a tooth it will drop out. "Mark where a swine rubs himself, then cut off a piece of tne wool and rub any swollen parts wlih It, and it will help it, with the proviso, that where the hog rubs his head it helps the swelling of the neck, etc. "Shave the crown of the head of one that la sick and lay upon the shaved place rhue stamped with oil of roses, binding it on, and if the party sneeze within six hours after he will live; eivo not." Suisldes in British Army. The rate of suicide In the British aiciy la equal to 210 per million annu al! ; In the German to 550, and In the Aitfirlaa to 1,200 jier mlluon. ''.lOices for Paris Widows. Widows In Paris appear to bo -i'loit t.-'n times more easily consola 11' than widowers, says London Telegraph. Out of 1,907 derelict lad on whom statisticians keep an eye r.:'ter their husbands' demise, only threo were left still lone nnd inourn after eighteen months had passed by. Out of 2,270 widowers, thlrty Fcvjn remained nnconsoled, or had inough In ono go nt the lottery. Ono hundred and forty-eight had not the F,race to wait until the year was out to remarry; 628 did wait a year, but took second wives Immediately af terward. All those who married agi'ln had done It before three years had gone by. Apparently If a wid ower can wait three years ho Is safe nnd falls into the minority, which in this case was thirty-seven of those for whom once is enough. After di vorce, on the contrary, the ladles are iiv ib. mere shy than the men about cit ring the bonds again. Out of 717 v. ot.ien whoso marriages had been dissolved seventy-nine still shrank from trying the experiment again af ter nine years had elapsed. Out of f.5 9 men, 109 married again as soon ns they posBlbly could Immediately efter the decree became absolte. All those who did make a fresh siart In wedlock had done so within two ears from their divorce. Successful Ostrich Farming. Consul General William H. Michael of Calcutta is sanguine of great suc cess in ostrich farming in certain parts of the United States. Its devel opment In India is also promising, if found sufficiently profitable it will no doubt extend largely la thi country, Bought and which lint hern lias borne tho Mtrtiatiiro of has boon inndo under hi per- Signature of BAER LEADS FIGKT FOR THE RAILROADS. Reading Preiident Hat Prepared an Elali. rato Argument Against 2-Ccnt Fare Bill. The railroad companies are not going lo allow the Legislature to pa si trolley freight, 2-cttit fate nnd other proposed measures without a finht. George V. Bacr, president of the Reading Company, has pre pared a monograph explaining con ditions of the railway business. This will he presented to the Leg islature as an argument against the passage of a proposed 2-cent fare bill. The theme of the elaborate treat ies is that the Reading is actually losing money on its passenger ser vice. As prepared under the supervis ion of President Haer the statement goes into the railway situation In detail. It is said to be the most elaborate presentation of the subject from the viewpoint of the railroads that has ever been prepared. In short, it show s by statistics that the railroads cannot meet a flat rate of 2 cents for passenger traffic. The Pennsylvania, it is said, is co-operating with Ihe Reading in the appeal to ;he Legislature not to force the railroads to reduce fares. The Dunsmote bill, providing a 2 cent flat rate is up for final passage in the House tlrs week. A Wonderful Record. As made up hy improved and exact processes Dr. Pierce's Favor ite Prescription is a most efficient remedy for regulating all the wo manly functions, correcting dis placements, as prolapsus, antever sion and retroversion, overcoming painful periods, toning up the ner vts and bringing about a perfect state of health. It cures the back ache, periodical . headaches, the dragging-down distress in the pelvic region, the pain aud tenderness over lower abdominal region, dries up me peivic catarrhal drain, so dis agreeable and weakening, and over comes every form of weakuess inci dent to the organs distinctly femi nine. '"Favorite Prescription" is the only medicine for women, th makers ot which print their formula on the bottle-wrapper, thus taking their patrons into their full confi dence. It is the only medicine for women, every ingredient ot which has the strongest possible endorse ment of the most eminent medical practitioners and writers of our day, recommendiug it for the diseases for which "Favorite Prescription" is advised. It takes a woman a long time to come to the point, especially in sharpening a pencil. Pure Blood is a Defense. It means satety. A person whose blood is in an impure and impover ished condition is in the greatest danger ol catching any infectious or epidemic disease. Dr. Kennedy's Favorite Remedy is the mildest, safest and surest purifier of the blood, thus striking at the root of Kiduey, Liver and Bladder diseas es. JSi.oo at all druggists.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers