THE COLUMBIAN, BLOOMSBURG, PA TKIMDAIVS ASPHALT LAKH. CI HTOM9 OF THIS isrssiAxs. CTlllXO TriU:ilCl'I,OST3. 2 i in i us: An Account of the Trallic in Spurious Paintings AMERICA THE MARKET Method of a Scrrrt Synillrnto of Vrnlrrs KxpnM'il lii-t(rlc-s TIi:it Turn Out Fraudulent Pictures Miiny Sblpped to Tills Country Trick to (iivc Ak'I Appenrniu-o. A curioufl nnd Instructive account ' tho truffle In Kpurlo-is worlis of ' as conducted by the most expert 1 piactlced hands In Paris, Is con-'Uc-d by M. Ch. Frnnohe In n re- :.t lsstio of the Rovue Internal ion des Fabrications. As tho article dc;:ls Inrpoly with thf ao-cftlled denlc:- expert, a few words concerning the qualities and functlong of that important person al" may be necessary to elucidate tbf facts gathered by M. Tranche and mnke their BlRnlflcnnce clear to American readers. To boln with. It must be understood that the gov ernment does not, as many aro apt to liolleve, hold Itself responsible for tho nuthentlelty of tho articles Hold lit the Hotel mount. The official nuctloneer (cotninls-salie-prUcur) may be, and frequent ly Is. Iirnorant of art and all things rel"ted to It, nor docs bo concern ti: self with tho Appraisement and vr'iiK of the Roods sold: that tasli Jill's to the lot of the expert who Is chn.,1 n by the seller for his own lt r,: r,t and tho protection of tho MiMi't-s. It Is the expert who com-ji'-s ; lie catalogue, presides at the ;.-..'. and estimates the value of the various articles. The discoveries of M. Franche hov tV.at there exists and has ex isted for many years a kind of se cret svndlcato of the more profli gate dculor experts, whose object ts to monopolize the trade In works tit art and not only to countenance, but actively to encourage the pro duction and propagation of fraudu lent imitations to serve their own oris. "Controlling every event at the Hotel Drouot, the 'dealer experts,' " swys M. Franche, "are In a position which enables them to Instigate the elziire of pictures by pronouncing them spurious, and so they declare their vigilance by discrediting such as do not bear their stamp, thus achieving by ingenious If Ignoble "enns a practical control of the sale ' the works of art." "sro (s a typical example of the hods employed by the dealers i.purlous goods: '. he proprietor of a shop In Paris .!ng procured four landscapes by . o-. ot, Daublgny, Diaz and Th. Jtousseau hired a good copyist, who, In return for a comfortable lodging Hi the country with a salary of $200 a month, undertook to make twenty-five copies with slight modifica tions of each of the four canvases. In ten months the task was finished x the satisfaction of the employer nd the hundred pictures were sent to this country and sold at a high price as originals from one noted ollectlon or another. An Important consideration In uch cases Is the necessity of Imita ting the patina of old pictures with mrtificlal cracklings and so forth. Tarlous methods are employed with this end In view. Saffron bistre, black coffee and licorice are favorite applications as a preliminary to varnishing. Soma add a fatty oil to the varnish, or a mixture of bitumen, yellow lake and red ochre, which gives It some thing tho appearance of old varnish. In doctoring palntlngB which are wholly modern, the following pro css Is held to be efficacious: The painting Is first varnished with white of egg and then powdered -over lightly with very fine cofTea grounds: on this preparation is . spread a thick coating of paste, -which Is dried before a hot fire, and then superimposed by a second and finally a third coating. After an hour or two the canvas Is cleaned with a sponge, and an ex cellent result Is often revealed, though failures are not by any mean a uncommon. In successful oases the white of egg produces an excellent Imitation of the crackling of old varnltih; the coffee stains re semble the damage done by filet, and the action of the paste on the pigments Is not unlike that of time and exposure. The application of a little yellow nrnlsh qualifies the canvas under ta-eatment to the rank of an Old Master and In eight or ten months time It will be In a fit state for ad mission to the Hotel Drouot. It hould be mentioned, by the way, Hi at experienced dealers always em ploy old canvas and old stretcher. New York Sun. Too Much Perfume. The fastidious woman with an acute dense of smell came out of the telephone booth gasping for breath. "You surely ought to get some ft-esh air or a disinfectant In there," he remarked to the drug clerk; "your last patron was a very highly jt turned person. That odor of white rose made me quite 111." "No, that's not exactly It," ex flalned the clerk; "you tee some body spilled some awful smelling fluff In there this morning and the nly thing wa could think of was to sx-attor some perfumery around." "I E60," said the fastidious lady, but on tho way out the couldn't ifcelp observing to herself, "Just Ilka man, of course; a woman would bva washed the place out and uaed Udnfectaat," Queer Mining Carried on In West In dian I'.lnml. This Ttlnldnd lake of pitch nnd tho ltprniutlez lake In Venezuela r-.ipply the bulk of tho nsphalt of commerce, says a writer In tho New York Man. lirlghton has no claim to oht cm.'c aside from the bituminous 1 it"h that nature hero semis bttb W'.tiT up from tho bowels of the earth. Tho lake Is about n quarter ot a tulle from the steamship pier. Nearby nro quarters for two hun dred native workmen, n refining plant, ofneos nnd quarters for the half doeii Americans representing tho company, and that Is nil, ex cept for the fierce tropical sun eter nally beating down, nnd the sharks that play In the harbor. Hut ns a natural curiosity and ns a co.umerclal enterprise tho lake Is of absorbing interest. Imngliie a bugo p.sphult plaza of more than a hun dred acres, softened by tho sun, overrvo'.vti in spots with weeds, cov ered niter a rain with pools of water, !:i'l yo:i have the famous pitch lake -a big black semi-solid pond of ns;. halt, with a surface fairly firm . ihI apparently placid, but in reality t:u .-ichorous and eternally In mo tion. A roan. 1 the e l-res runs a tramway vl!'i an endless cable hauling the loaded r.-.rs to the refinery and brtuv'n;: the empty oaes back riciiin. Along this liii", where the pitch Is hardest, nil the mining of tbo product Is done? the black v orkmeu dIg!:i"-S H nut w ith pick an 1 shovel. !t is necessary to shift the scene of operation only along tho line, never toward t'ne center, as in two da;., tinn' t!tc slowly moving viscous n. ass o." pUrh continually flowing from the ce nter has refilled the ex cava.Ioas and made them ready for the workmen again. Kvery day the rails of the little tramway are lifted and tho slowly sinking ties moved a few Inches one way or the other in order that the railway may not en tirely disappear in the bottoirUss ooze. Bottomless It may well be called, for soundings have been made rn'!! with no bottom at 140 feet the pi,- . and sounding apparatus have b.;--;, crushed and swallowed up, to be disgorged months later. The mining of the product Is lowering the level of tho lake at the rate of about six inches a year. The center of this huge volcanic crater Is the source of supply. Here wo see the pitch, boiling up in al most a purely liquid state, spread lag out over the lake In dozens of streams, gradually hardening and Imperceptibly flowing toward the boundaries In an attempt to find a level. It is horrible to contemplate the thought of being caught by this aw ful black quicksand and relentlessly entombed in its depths. Not long ago a negro workman heroically of fered himself for an experiment de signed to ascertain how long it would take for a man to become en engulfed in the pitch. For more than an hour he slowly sank until only the upper part of his body remained In night and then his companions, In a burst of cruel humor, made us If to leave him to his fate. His vociferous appeals for mercy melted their hearts. Planks were thrown out over the pitch, ns they are used in rescu ing a skater who has broken through the ice, and after an hour's hard work the victim was once more free and happy. The lake Is a valuable source of revenue to the Island government. An export duty if $1.25 a ton and a royalty of 4 0 cents a ton, by the terms of the concession, put nearly a quarter of a million dollars a year into the island treasury. The entire concession is about 2,000 acres, and asphalt is found throughout the whole locality. The land Is fertile and some of It is now being used with success for the cultivation of fruit. Tho possibility of exhaustion seems remote the Venezuelan lake, although ten times tho area, is but thirty feet deep. Its surface Is submerged iu water, rendering the extraction of the product more diffi cult, and a forty mile haul to the seacoast adds much to its cost. For the preparation of paving nnd roofing materials the Trinidad va riety has been found the better adapted, but the purer Venezuelan article is used largely in the prepar ation of varnish. Danger attends the shipping of the Heriiiuilez pitch in bulk in the holds of the steamers, ns the slightest list to one side or the other tends to cau.se a disas trous flow of the pitch to that side. i l'lioiie Mouthpiece Abolished, Consul Mahln of Nottingham re ports that tho suggested transmis sion of disease by telephone mouth pieces has led the British General Electric Company to devise nn in strument iu which all danger is avoided by simply abolishing tho mouthpiece. Tho receiving and transmitting apparatus in combined in a small metal case, shaped like a watch, which is held continuously to the bar both In speaking and listen ing, the transmitting microphone be ing made so sensitive that It becomes unnecessary to concentrate the sound waves on It by the aid of any mouth piece such as la ordinarily used. Mounted on a handle, with a speak ing key, the new arrangement is ex actly similar to tho combined re ceiver und transmitter, except that there is no mouthpiece, and the speaker, at) It were, addresses him self to the world at largo, Instead ot talking Into a trumpet-uhaped orl-flce. Teiv Important ('liiinges Have Ta ken Place in Twenl j-rio Years. The Russia of thirty years ago, with all Its primitive wnys nnd tra ditions, Is the Kussla of to-day. U is true thnt there has been progress, but It has been on the old lines. Thero has been a continuity nnd evolution, but nowhere radical changes nnd new departures. "Tho marriages of the Russia peasantry aro arranged under tho influence of economic rather than sentimental considerations," says Sir Donald Mackenzie Wallace. "In this, ns In other respects, the Ktis Blnn peasantry are, as a class, ex tremely practical nnd matter-of-fact In their conceptions nnd habits, nnd nre not Inclined to Indulge In sublime, ethereal sentiments of nny kind. Tho wife is taken as a help mate, or In plain language a worker, rather than a companion, nnd the mother-in-law leaves her but very little time for Idle dreaming. "In the primitive system of ngrl culture in Russia, the natural labor unit consists of n man, a woman and a horse. Therefore, when a boy be comes nn able-bodied laborer, ho ought to be provided with tiro two accessories necessary to complete the labor unit. To procure the horse is the duty of the head of the house, and it is the duty of the 'female big one' to secure the wife. "When a yqtitli arrives at the age of IS he Is Informed that he should murry at once nnd a wife Is selected for him. The horses nnd brides pre not selected because of their beauty, but for their physical strength and rapacity for work. The bride takes nothing with her as n dowry except her trousseau, but sh brings with 'ier a pair of strong arms. "As a rule the peasants do not re spect the priests. While they have a great reverenco for the religious ceremonies, they do not respect Uio priests. This is due to the fact that many of the priests extort money from the peasants, rofuslng to per form the rites, baptism or burial. Ono can hear them saying: 'Tho priest takes from the living and the dead.' "The peasant household Is a primitive labor association, of which tho members have all things In common. When a home Is bro ken all the adult male members sare equally. "The Mir, or Village Community, Is very much as the peasant household - a labor association on a, larger scale. In both rases there Is a com mon responsibility in one case for all the debts, and In the other for all the taxes and communal obligations. There Is a Village Elder, who is the ruler, and all Important communal affairs are regulated by the Village Assembly. The households compos ing a commune farm independently pay Into the common treasury cer tain fixed sums. "They cannot mow hay or plow the field until tn Village Assembly has passed a resolution on the sub ject. If a peasant becomes a drunk ard, every family in the village has a right to complain. A peasant cannot permanently leave the village with out the consent of the Commune, and this consent will not be given until the applicant gives satisfactory security for his actual and future liabilities, which Includes taxes nnd dues for passport while he is away. If a peasant wishes to go away to work he cannot do so until he has permission, which serves as a pass port during hts absence, and he may be recalled at any moment by com munal decree. "Until in 1903 there was a com mon responsibility for taxes, but this was abolished by the Emperor on the advice of M. Witte. The allot ment of land, Is one of the most Im portant events in the Commune, and often the allotment proves to be a burden, instead of a blossing, bo cause It entails responsibilities and obligations. "Woman, ns woman, does not re ceive much consideration among the peasants, but a particular woman, such as tho head of a household, Is entitled to speak, and speak freely on all subjects directly affecting the household under her care. "The towns of Russia, as a rile, are Insignificant. This Is to be at tributed mainly to two causes the abundance of Innd tended to prevent the development of Industry, and the peasants who learn trades are not permitted to settle In towns perma nently. "Russian commercial morality Is carried on very much on the same principle as English horse trading. If a man wishes to buy or sell he roust trust his own knowledge and acuteness, and If he gets the worst of a bargain or lets himself be de ceived he has no ono but himself to blame. "The majority of the people of Russia belong to the Russian Ortho dox Church. It has played an Im portant part In the national history In relation to the Orthodox Church, as a whole, the Emperor of Russia is nothlug more than a member, und can no more interfere with Its dog mas or ceremonial thun the King of Italy could modify the Roman Cath olic theology. King Edward's Lucky Number. King Edward's lucky number Is 9. Roth his parents were born In 1819; he was born on a Slh; tils marriage took place in the year '63, which numbers added the one to the other nu.lt e 8; his reign commenced in 1001; he wns to have been crowned on the 27th, which figures added to gether make 9; and he was actually crowned on August 9. London Taller. Hopes Filler! nlned for Professor Von liebllng's Theory. At the International Congrei for tho Cure nnd Prevention of Tuber culosis, three new remedies were proposed. The remedy of l'roi'cssor Von Hehring bused upon "the Im pregnation of the living cell of tho organism with a substance" which he calls "T. C," obtained from tho irim of tuberculosis," found tho most favor among the most prominent members of the congress. The substance "T. C." Is neither R serum nor n vaccine." Professor von Reining proposes 'a keep the Ingredients of his now fa mous "T. C." a secret for some years, but he Is ready to explain his tr.eth- 0 Professor von Re-bring. od to everybody, as he has already done to Dr. Coax and Professor Metchnikoff. of the Pasteur Insti tute, and will leave it to specialists to apply It, without, however, disclosing the elements. Professor von Reining expressly states that he was misrep resented as aying that tho motive for his keeping secret tho formula of his remedy was in order to profit pecuniarily by it. "Such nn Idea," declares Professor von Retiring, "Is absolutely without foundation. It would lie premature and It would be the cause of untold mischief were I now to disclose the formula of the "T. C." which has not yet been ex perimented with in the case of hu man beings, but only with lower nnl mals. Tho younger physicians nnd scien tists nre enthusiastic in their convic tions that the Orman professor will fulfill the predictions made in be half of the "T.C." Doctor Albert Ro bin believes that "a portion at least of Professor von Relir!ng'3 remedy comes from the milk of cows render ed immune against tuberculosis by means of long treutment in an arti ficial culture medium." in regard to the prevention of tu berculosis, two distinct currents of opinion manifested themselves in the congress the (ierman idea of mak ing the sanatorium almost the exclu sive weapon against the malady, and the French plan, based upon pro phylactic methods of preservation by means of healthful dwellings, sa lubrious schools and wholesome con ditions of life. The trend of feeling in the congress was that, although the sanatorium remains for well to do classes the best means, of treat ment, yet the expense of organizing nnd maintaining these establish ments is too great, und the same amount of money might bo more ef fectively expended in other ways. It is with this view that M. Cassimir Perler and M. Leon Rourgeois sub mitted to the congress a resolution, which was unanimously adopted, urging the legislative bodies of all countries to authorize the sanitary boards of cities of more than 20,000 inhabitants to arbitrarily expropriate dwelling houses or buildings that in the unanimous opinion of the boards are dangerous to the health of the inmates. Lanterns .Made of I'isli. The puffer or swell fish ha3 the power to distend itself with air into the shape of a globe. Japanese div ing in tho Hawaiian Islands make of the skin of the big puffer found in Hawaiian waters un odd and gro tesque lantern. When tho skin of tho big puffer hns been first, removed, while it is still soft, it is stuffed out to its full size, in globe shape, und so left to dry. Tho skin is not much thicker than paper and translucent, brown on the upper part and gray below. The fins are preserved and dried sticking out from tho fish, the tall being perked up at an angle. A circular opening is made in the back of this distended fish skin, through which the light can bo placed, and In which is set horizontally a hoop or rim by which the lantern can be suspended. Such a lantern made of a big puffer's skin may bo a foot in diameter crosswiso und fifteen inches in length. New Source of Starch, In a bulletin of the .lamaica De partment of Agriculture II. II. Cous ins, the government chemist, states that the high percentage of starch in the cassava makes the latter more valuable than tho potato as a source of this substance. Tho cassava is al so not subject to the fungoid dis eases prevalent In tho German pota to fields, from which a large propor tion of the starch now sold lu Great Britain is derived. Tho cassava sea son is unrestricted, and this gives a further important advantage over the one crop u year potato. Mr. Cousins apparently believes that the manufacture of starch from tho cas sava can be done so i heaply that th German potato starch will be driven from the English market within a vui'y short time. AYepctable Prcpnralion For As -similn t ini5 Itic Food and Hcgula -ling llic Stomachs and Dowels of Promotes DijMionCruvrfiir nessnndnost.ConUiinsnfiiluT Ophim.Morpliinc nor lineraL 'ot TiAli c OTIC . afOlJOr.W. TLPtTCHKH Jlx Xhih Mir .W -nur.M Jifrmmf -V fari,utlrtcda ftrrm StJ - lliftftvp'WM HOW. Apr-rfcd ftVmcdy forfonstipn Tiim , Sour Slomarh.niiirrlioca Worms ,( lonvulsions .Kewnsh ncss uul Loss of Sleep. Facsimile Si'tjnnlure or NEW VOUK. 31 EXACT COPY OF WRAPPER. 2 Why Buy HcClure's? McClurf's Magazine Is bought pud rend In homes not liecuisc it U n tiiaca zine, tint beetit'se it is the magazine. Why '.' Fl IW1' TH K I'KICK. It eewts but one dollar a year. or le than ten cents a number, for over thirteen hundred two-column pages of reailing matter. This amounts in actual bulk to twenty-live books costing anywhere from a dollar to two ponars a volume. ISKt'ONJ) IJL'ALITY. The reading matter Is written by America's lead ing w riters the best short story writers, the best writers on timely articles, the Ik-M writers of important serials, such ns Hcliuiv.'s Keminiseetiees or linker's Railroad articles. T1I1KI) TIMKLIN'KKS. The reading matter in McClute's is not onlv good; it is not only entertaining, amusing, instructive nnd inspiring it is also about the subjects In which you unci all Americans aro most interested at the time. .o subjects in the next twelve mouths are going to lie mo important as the question of railroad rates and rebates unci the question of life insurance. Itotli of these questions will lie discussed bv authorities in nn imntirlinl. careful. interesting wuy. FOCKTH-ITS CHARACTER. children, hut at the same time, there is uiigiii. ma. reuci ji anveiiiMiig pages are HcClure's in your home is Intended to work only year's subscription, or leave un order at new subscriptions for 1IKMI. S. S. McULUKE COMPANY, 47 East 2anl Street, New York. You can eur-i a tfood Incoron by taking up tlie business of securing subscribers for McUlure'B. H Is ch-ao and self-respecting a publication any mun or woman would like to represent. The pay 18 US cents f.ir eacli It. 00 suUrhorlptloD, In addition to big cash prizes for the best worlc. Wrlto lo-diy lor full piirtlctrars. Codv'a Horses All Killed Wild West Chargers Destroyed to Prevent Spread ot Disease All the horses belonging to the Wild West show of Colonel William F. Cody were killed at Marseilles, France, last Thursday. Although the government veterinaries had certified that glanders had been en tirely eradicated from the stud, Col. Cody and his partner, James A. Bailey, decided on the radical meas ure in order to ally the fears of the farmers regarding the spread of the disease. The saddles, bridles aud other articles of the equipment, as well as the clothing of the stable men, were burned and the railroad cars belonging to the show disin fected. Colonel Cody is now in the United States engaged in pur chasing a fresh stud. Boy Wanted. A boy sixteen years old with fair common school education is wanted at this office to learn the printing trade. Full particulars as to work and pay will be given on applica tion, tf . m - That Little Pain in Your Back threatens your Kidneys. If al lowed to go on a little while you will suffer throughout the entire system. Take at once Dr. David Kennedy's Favorite Remedy. It is the most certain cure known for the treatment of all diseases of the Kidneys, Liver and Blood. Write Dr. David Kennedy's Sons, Ron dout, N. Y., for free sample bottle and medical booklet. All druggists $i.oo. - CAN YOU IIKI.IKVK VOl'K SKNSES? When two of them, taste and smell, hav ing I 'ten iinpuiKil it not murly ck-stioyel by Nasal Catarrh, lire fully restoiei l.y l-.l)'s Clenni Hiilin, tail youiloulit tluil tliis remedy ile.scivts all lliat has Ijccr said of it by ihe ihiiiisrunlii wliiini il has cured ? Il is iqiplitd iliieelly to the iiiiqms.ii;cii and lieiim its liealiiij; work at once. Why not (jet it to. day? AM diiiL'cists or mailed bv 1.1 v Pros.. I 56 Warren Street, New Vork, on receipt ot 50 cents. For Infants ran J Children. The Kind You Have Always Bought Bears tho . Signature. of In Use For Over Thirty Years M THI OCNTAUft oMN. NCW TOM OITf. McClure's Magalne is not edited for never n lino in it that any young girl us clean us us euuoruu pages. Magazine for good. Send $1.1)0 to-dny for one your book-store. December frit with There are some women who seem to lie perennially cintliful. The crown daughters aie companions as well a- ehildien, and the color in the mother's cheeks, the brightness in her eves, the roundness of her form, all speak of aliouiKling litallh. What is lier e cret? She is at ihe middle aye of life when so many women ate worn, wasted and fad.-i1, nnd yet time has only ripened her charms. The secret of this matronly healui and beauiy may he told in the brief phrase, Dr. Pierce's Favorite Prescription. The i-cneral he.ilth of oin in is sj Ultimately re'aied to the local health of the delicate womanly organs, ihnt where these are diseased, the whole body must suffer. "Favorite Prescrip tion" dries the deltlialin drains, heals ul ceration and inflamation, cures female weak ness and imparts to the delicate female or gans natural vigor and vitality. Women who have lost their health and their lieautjf have been made "ro'ust and rosy cheeked" by this matvelous medicine. Even a scene-shifter may be shiftless. Tot) Obristtuas Dinner In spite ol ihe fact that the word dyspepsia means literally ba I cook.it will not lie fair for many to lay the blame on the c:ok if they beuin the Christmas Dinner With little appetite and cud it with distress or naus-.-a. It may not be fair for any to do that let us hope so for the sake of the cook I 'I he disease dyspepsia indicates a bad stomach, that is a weak stomach, ralher than a bad cook, and for a weak stomach there is'noth big else equal to Hood's Sarsarparilla- It i;ives the stomach vigor and tone, cures dys pepsia, creates appetite, and makes eating thr p'casure I', should hi. REVIVO RESTORES VITALITY Made a 111.11 M the 'WV11fCK.of M& xrcixjNoxx xixjiviinirx" produce! tho above result a In 30 clnys. It seta tiowerf ully and quickly. Cures when all other CalL Vouug men will rogain llioir lout uanliood.andold men will recover their youthful viuor tir ubinj 1U.V1VO. II quickly oil J surely ruttortiiK'ervuut cess, Lost Vitality, Imjiotcncy. Niplitly Emission Lost tower, Fslllnn Memory, Waitl-i Piloses, aud all effects ot eulf-ubiiBa or oici fcua.al i .. ltn-rctlon, wklch unfits on tor study, bimliiemi or inarriwie. II Dotonly curesuy otartitmtit thor. it ot uiaetsn.bul lsaret nerve tonloiiu l blood builder, bring It g tick the pink glow to ralo t-becks stal re storing tue (Ire of youth. It wat.lt olT InEOuttf snd tonsuroptlnn. lnsiiit on having ItCVIVO.M other. It can lis carried in vet pocket, by u1'' fcl.OO per rsckago, or six tot SJQ.OO, with a tojJ written Rnarantee to core or rslolsf Mi9 lllillcy. ll.iuk and tl.lvlsu fvcii. AilrtresH MAI MEDICINE CO., For Sale by Moyer Bros,, lllooiiihburg l'a .VtiV kJ tnm Lib.
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