2 THE COLUMBIAN, BLOOMSBURO. PA Minn Uses to Which This Southern Staple is Put by Science. . U.S. GREATEST PRODUCER Egypt and India Are Growing Cotton, But They Do Not Count For Much in th Market White Men Are Forced to Do Very Much of the Tilling. There Is a world of Interest lu the Iture of cotton. It does not end re, for there Is something ahsorb ;ly interesting about every part of transformation, from raw staple .) the many attractive forms It .ii: before It reaches the markets. ' ..e bulk of the cotton crop Is grown i i the South of the United States, iigyi't la producing liigely, and India la trying to compete, but the South ern states control the market. The large majority of the 9.0(10.000 negroes In the United State owe their livelihood directly to this crop. They cultivate tho cotton that clothes the world. Of course, they do not' do all the work,, for the white man has been forced to do much of the tilling himself, as the negroes have grown so shiftless nnd "no-account." The ground Is broken thoroughly, then laid on In Ions rows of furrows. The rows are from 18 Inches to 4 feet apart depending on the fertility of the oil. Contrary to the usual rule, the rows must be farther apart the richer the soil. This Is because the cotton plant must have room to spread. The distance between the plants In the same row Is regulated by tho same rule, which Is directly contrary to that used In growing most other crops. The deep furrows first laid off ere to receive tho fertilizer that Is to stimulate the crop to a rapid growth, early maturity and a consequent early bursting of the bolls, so that the har vest may be over before lrost, as frost ruins tho green bolls. Fertilizer is used both as a stimulant and for food. Most of the Southern fields would not produce a profitable crop f cotton if not liberally supplied with guano or manure. Indeed there are years when thousands of farmers do not make enough out of their cotton to pay for the fertilizer. In the far South the cotton heminc to blossom early In June and by Ju'y 1 the fields are covered with blossoms. The third day the blossoms change slowly to a purple- red and then begin to wilt, soon dropping off, aving a tiny green bud that Is to )W Into a boll. ;'!ie cotton bolls swell rapidly an 1 ; i show tho lilies wheio the boll 1 be divided into fccIious wren It :es and opens. Cotton b-cjina to ii !it In August. The green boils ara mil of tightly-wadded cotton and cot ton need. This cotton iiir.,U; the bolls which then spread wide open as the warming sun cause: the cotton staple to expand further. Alt x a few days tbu locks of cotton are hanging lo.iso in the bolls. Hundreds of people go into tho fluids, with sacks strapped ever their shoulders, and pick the cot ton boll by boll. The cotton goes to the gin and is stripped from Its seed. Then it is packed In bales of 500 pounds each, hauled to town and sold. It Is com pressed, two bales Into one, before It Is shipped any great distance. The cotton reaches the mills In bale form. It is dirty and full of trash, but a cleaning machine soon combs out the fibers, and cleans them thoroughly. In many mills it is twisted into yarn, and then sent north to be made into cloth, but the South is rapidly becom ing a center for mills. It is quite a mill itself that is required to change the baled cotton into long strands of loosely-hanging lint. This is put on twisting machines and twisted into strands of thread. After the thread is twisted the weaving is begun. The spool filled with the thread that is to be the warp, or strong cross threads of cloth, is set tit the back of the loom and tho warp is arranged through certain frame-work which regulates the tern in tho weaving process. Afler the cloth Is out of the loom It passes to a mactune known as the brushing machine. This machine clips off all tho loose threads at the edges of the cloth and thoroughly brushes the cloth, putting it In as good condition as possible without washing. From the brasher the cloth goes to the following machine, which auto matically folds the cloth In the bolts commonly seen at stores where cotton goods are kept. The last machine is the baling machine, its work being that of baling up the bolts of cloth In to a bale somewhat similar to the one which cotton first entered the mill in. The coloring of the cotton takes place usually before the cotton i:i tarted Into any of the machines, but 1b sometimes done after the threads of cotton have been spooled. Next to the breaker picker, and ex clusive of the loom in Interest, is probably the spinning machines. Up on this machine at one time are hun dreds of spools whirling around with great rapidity winding the thread. This machine takes the loosely rolled threads of cotton fed to It, and by stretching them out and also at the same time twisting them produce the thread. Before they pass into tho loom proper each one of these threads must pass separately through a small hold er. If one of the threads should break this holder, which is held up by the thread, Immediately falls down and automatically stops the machine. Thus no cloth Is made with a thread lacking for even a short distance. MUST NOT LEAVE THE COUNTRY An Old, Unwritten Law and With Few Exceptions Observed. The president must not leave the United States even for a day. This Is an old, unwritten law which has been respected by all successors of George Washington, with perhaps one or two exceptions. This restriction Is not Im posed by statute. President McKinley emphasized his respect for this rule on his tour to the south and west. It wai unofficially announced that ho would meet President Diaz, of Mexico, Komcwhere near tho boundary of tuai sister republic. A controversy as to whether Mr. McKinley might properly cross the Mexican line, even for a few hours, arose. Early in May, when he visited El Paso, Texas, where he was greeted by President Diaz's per sonal representative, he expressed a desire to take a look into Mexico. From EI Paso there extends into Mexico tho International Bridge span ning the Rio Grande. Whether the president would dare to cross this structure or not was the question which members of his party asked one another. He did not. Ho went to the bridge nnd caught a view of the Sierra Madre. Half-way across the brid;;o was a line. Stepping over this wao putting foot upon Mexican territory. President Harrison had ventured as tr au this line ten years before. But President McKinley did not do so mi:eh ns place his foot upon the bridge. President Arthur was accus ed of violating this unwritten law in October, lSS.'l, upon a pleasure trio tc Al'-.vandrla Bay, Thousand Islands. His political enemies accused him then ol venturing across the Canadian line or a fishing excursion. Tho boundarj between Canada and New York ex tends to the middle of the St. Law rence river. President Cleveland was similarly accused. On one of his hunting trips to North Carolina he sailed by the ocean route past Cape Hatteras. His enemies contended thnt he ventured outside the three-mile limit. Accord ing to International law, a country's possessions extend for three miles outside Its coast line. Plying the seas farther than this is leaving home ter ritory. Tho president must not accent clft of great value from Inferiors In the federal service, but he may accent gii'ts from foreigners. Grant, McKin ley, and Mr. Roosevelt have received gifts from foreign rulers. Several gifts have been sent to Mr. Roosevelt for the West. Kansas City Star. The Czar In Proverb. In a recent number of the Paris Figaro were found collated some char-se'..Ti:-'!c Kus;ii:-.n proyerLs that re gard the czar and his position and fin.! ru'cl! current application: "When the v.ar spits into a dish. It br.vika into pieces for very pride. "The crown does not protect the czr.r from headache. "Hve-i the lungs of the czar cannot blow out the sun. "The czar's back, too, would bleed if it were gashed with the knout. "The czar even covered with boils 13 declared to be In good health. "When tho czar rides behind a hired horse every step is charged as a league. "The czar may bo a cousin of God, but Ills brother he is not. "The czar's arm Is long, but it can not. reach to heaven. "Neither can the czar's vinegar make anything sweet. "The hand of the czar, too, has only five fingers. "The voice of the czar has an echo even when there are no mountains in the vicinity. "The troika (team of three horses abreast) of the czar leaves a deep trace behind it "It is not more difficult for Death to carry a fat czar than to carry a lean beggar. "The tear in the eye of the czar costs his country many, many a hand kerchief. "When the czar writes verses wo be to the poet! "When the czar plays, his ministers have only one eye and the country men are blind. "What tho czar cannot accomplish tlmo can do. "Even tho czar's cow can not bring anything else into the world but a calf. "When the czar has the smallpox his country bears the scars." Trans lation made for The Literary Digest. Indian Superstitions. The Indian believes there are boa constrictors in the streams of North America, also that the South Ameri can tapir lives in North America. Ha calls tho boa constrictor the lste-ach- war-nayer, and calls the tapir nocas- oh-mer. Tho Indian believes he has a cure and preventive for rabies or hydro phobia. Ho also believes he can cure any snake bite on earth, from a ground rattler to a velvet tall or dia mond rattler. An Indian never was known to go mad from a dog bite or dlo from a rattler's bite, while other races succumb to the venom of a snake or go mad from tho bite of a rabid dog. The Indian, when in battle and fa tally wounded, believes that if his niedlclno man can reach him with his hitter medicine before he dies it will give him Instant relief and he will bn able to escape from the battle field. He thinks every man Is honest until he finds him out, in which event he lor.es nil confidence in him, and rover gi-ts over It. 'I'!: ; Indian never makes up after f r. ' M r tj oit with any one. He may rpwU to rn enemy as he passes, b.it ! ; with tho hatred in his heart.--Ev. ..!a, (I. T) Journal. ii lifts m: Compensating Sea-Cone Sys tem in Vogue on Cruisers. IDEA OF A LANDSAAN. Progress In the Difficult Naval Problem of Feeding the Bunker of a Moving Fleet Spencer Miller's Invention of a Marina Cableway. In the art of warfare on the high seas In its present highly developed state there are a thousand anil one vital factors that go with the impos ing battleships, the gigantic guns and the armor-piercing projectiles; but of all these none is more important than the matter of coaling the ships, and the truth of this statement Is readily shown, since it has been prov ed in every naval engagement since the time fighting craft were first fit ted out with apparatus tor steam pro pulsion and the dire need of obtaining a supply of coal during a crisis was rendered painfully obvious during the Spanish-American war, when Admiral (then Commodore) Schley sent to Ad miral Sampson the following telegram: "Coaling off Cienfuegos is very un certain. Having ascertained that the Spanish feet is not here I will move eastward tomorrow, communicating with you at Nicholas Mole. On ac count of short coal supply In ships cannot blockade them if in Santiago. I shall proceed tomorrow, 25th, for Santiago, being embarrassed by Tex as's short coal supply and our ina bility to coal In the open sea. I shall not be able to remain off that port on account of general short coal sup ply of squadron, so will proceed to vicinity of Nicholas Mole, where the water is smooth and I can coal the Texas and other ships with what coal may remain in collier." Many havo been the schemes evolv ed for a safe and practical method for coaling at sea, but the history of theso interesting attempts seems to date back only to 1883, when Lieu tenant R. S. Ixwry, R. N., proposed that a number of coal boxes should be built, each having a capacity of one ton. These boxes were to have air tight compartments so that they could not sink, find were to be passed from a collier to the ships by means of a line, when they were to be hoist ed to the deck, emptied and returned. This device was never tried, probably for the reason that it was deemed Im practicable, its operation being too slow and complex to meet tho require ments of fleets when in active service and it would hardly be needed at any other time. A marine cableway, however, pre sents obvious difficulties, for instead of fixed points by which the ro;-j nriy be kept taut there are the constantly moving boats, the mr.sts of whln'.i ac centuate the rise and fall and irl'iy.i rolling motions. Lieutenant II-U of the British navy was the first to i ro poso the transmission rope ni'-t.V'd. which he did In 1SSS, when he s in gested that tho Etern mast of t'io warship and foremost of the eViIicr be connected by a su'-p- n-h 1 c:'olo, just as though they were iraniovaV.; fixed nn land. Several other cable methods fr.'.l.iw- ' ed, but it was not until 180IJ that an actual experiment was attempted to pass coal between two vessels whll j at sea; this was clone with an tip paratus designed by Philip B. Low, who Improved upon Bell's idea, one end of the cable being attached to the deck of the warship Kearsargo and the other passing over a tackle block on the San Francisco where It was fastened to a massive iron weight. By this arrangement the motion of the vessels was counteracted to a con siderable extent. When it was desired 'to transfer a bag of coal it was hoist ed to the masthead, where It was at tached to the cable, when it readily traversed the length of the latter by gravity, the rope being somewhat in clined. But at least a beginning had been made, and In March, 1838, just prior to our war with Spain, Mr. J. J. Wood ward, a naval constructor of the Unit ed States navy,, with a prophetic in sight, submitted a plan to Secretary Long, which he recommended, and that had been drawn up for him by Mr. Spencer Miller, englneor of tho Lidgerwood Manufacturing company of New York, for an Installation to be placed on board a collier and by which the vessel could coal any of the warships of our navy in the open sea. Negotlons between the various par ties interested were long continued, and not until Admiral Schley had sent his famous telegram was the work of construction really commenced; but by this time the history of the Span- lsh-American war had been made and ! written; the lessons it had taught 1 were vividly Impressed upon not only ' our naval authorities, but those abroad us well, for experiments were imme diately begun In France, England and Japan. When the Spanish fleet did i emerge from the Bay of Santiago there were only eleven of our ships on blockade duty, while three other ves sels, representing an outlay of narly $10,000,000, were at Guantanamo, for- ty-five miles away, coaling ship. ' ; Tho full-sized apparatus was com pleted a little later, and the govern ment designated the collier Marcellus as the vessel to be equipped for the practical demonstration, but before this was done the equipment was set up on land, where it was inspected by many higher officials of the navy, i among them bolng the late Admiral I Sampson, Commander Rodgers and ' Naval Constructor Bowles. ' TO BOOM PERSIAN (TRADE. Intent of Gen. Mortexa Khan, En voy Extraordinary. General Morteza Khan, envoy extra ordinary and minister plenipotentiary from Persia to tho United States. The new minister succeeds General Isaac Khan, who was promoted to the Belgian embassy. Khan, who Is wealthy and lives In Terheran, Is enthusiastic on the sub Juct of increasing the trade between this country and Persia. He declares that there are articles manufactured In this country which could find a ready market In Persia, and at the same time Persia exports many things which would be welcome In the Unit ed States. He was met by the chief secretary of the embassy, Nevton Khan, Haret Mlriketlam, Perslnn con sul at New York; H. Keleklan, V. Z. M. Bayajlan, and Iterant Klretchian. Through an interpreter the general said: "The feeling In Persia for tho Unit ed States is good, and we look on her as a great and powerful nation with whom we desire an Increase of trade. In Persia It is felt that the friendship of this country for our own Is sincere and that she, unlike some other countries, does not cast covet ous eyes on our land. We want to see opened up between the two coun tries a great trade. Every year wo send to this country several million dollars' worth of rugs and carpets, but outsldo or this there Is but little exrt. Persia Is a great and grow ing country. Our export trade Is growing, and at the samo time the de mand for imported goods is on the In crease. "Most of our demands are supplied by Russia nnd England. Now, with our growth there Is a greater demand, and for goods which this country could Biipply. So we desire to see better trade relations between the two countries. The wares, art works, and fabrics are practically unknown in this country. It is the desire of Gen. Morteza Khan, through the Persian consuls, to make known tho different articles which Persia can supply, and so create demands and divert some of the trade which has been going to other countries. At tho samo time we want Persia to know more of American goods and gain an appre ciation of their merit and worth." The new minister Is a bachelor and comes of a noble lino. His father, tho late Hadji Mirza Dejorad Khan, was the first to Introduce European Ideas into the empire. Ho was also tho owner of tho first newspaper pub lished there. Gen. Morteza has been for years lu the Persian diplomatic service. ' The Mexican Navy. In these strenuous days, when the American navy Is advancing by leaps and bounds towards tho head of the list of Hie navies of the world, it is interesting to note the progress that is being made along naval lines by the sister republic of Mexico. James A. Le Roy, the United States consul I at Durango, In a recent report to this government, says: Recently two modern gunboats were added to the fleet which for the pres ent serves Mexico as a navy. These gunboats were built in the United States, at Ellzabothtown, N. J., and two similar gunboats are now in pro cess of construction at Genoa, Italy. Mexico has so far not acquired men-of-war, though she has In recent years devoted some attention to fortifying her coasts. Her fleet of gunboats is designed, however, principally for pur poses of patrol along her coasts, and to carry Jinall bodies of troops quick ly to those regions in the northwest province of Sonora and In the south ernmost territories of the republic, where uncivilized tribes still, from time to time, create disturbances. According to an article recently printed in the Mexican Herald of Mex ico City the Mexican navy at present consists of four small boats In the Gull' of Mexico and two In the Pacific, besides small patrol boats In south ern waters. The Democrata, the first boat bought by Mexico, of 450 tons displacement, is on the Pacific 'coast, and with her is the Oaxaca, an old sloop-rigged boat of steel about 1,000 tons, but of only seven knots speed, used as a transport. Tho two new gunboats bought In the United States, named the Vera Cruz and the Tam ptco, are in the Gulf; they have steol hulls, are 200 feet long, displace 1,000 tons, have shown a speed of about fifteen knots, and have two four-inch and other smaller rapid-fire guns each. The Zaragosa and Yucatan, 1,2-C and 650 tons, respectively, the former hav ing six 4.8-ln'ch Canet guns, are al so in the Gulf, and are used as train ing ships for the naval school, which was established at Vera Cruz in 1879. The Bravo and Morelos, being bult in Italy, will displace each 1,200 tons. There are sixty-five cadets at Vera Cruz, also an arsenal and small float ing dry-dock. There is a small wood en dock at Guaymas on the Gulf of Callfornla.-A-Washlngton Star. Chinese on American Education. This Is the opinion a highly edu cated Chinese official held of our edu cational btandards: "The schoolhouse and college In America, where the rising generation ought to be taught and trained In hu man conduct and manners, have now become mere Smithsonlnn workshops, where the pupils are taught to make money, or, as it Is called, how to get on, by learning the coarse jugglery of the hand called 'modern mechanical arts,' or the fine jugglery of the head, called 'law and theology.' In many American universities dentistry and chiropody, or the science of toenail peeling, are put on the same level with Plato and Virgil." Prof. J. W. Jenks. IIKIBBI; Characteristics of the People Russia Seeks to Subjugate. , THEIR LOVE OF LIBERTY , Marked Differences Between Their Home Surroundings and Those of the Russian Has Been an Ob ject of Contention to Russia and 8weden Since Twelfth Century. It Is not only as one of tho "little peoples" and little countries appro priated by Russia, but because of its peculiar political condition, that Fin land has, of late, commanded especial interest. Always a covetablo morsel, it lias given its ursine devourer In tenso uneasiness. Its fate still hangs in tho balance, with the great inter rogation ever present to the watching world, "Is It or is it not to be per manently absorbed by Russia?" Fin land, however, will never be satisfied until the rights of self government are truly and not nominally restored. When the Russian was foisted tip on them by their adoptive parent country, as the official language, tho Finns positively refused It for gener eral conversation. Tho government has now given up trying to compel its use, so that It Is only taught In the universities. Finnish is distinct from all other languages, though it is thought to have been used throughout the whole of Russia and northern Scandinavia. It Is said to be the most melodious survival of tho Tower of Babel. With sixteen inflections, made by as many endings to the same root, it la much more difficult to learn than the Rus sian. Broadly considered, it Is the speech of a nation of about three millions of people, not so many as tho dwell ers In Greater New York . Their land has an area as large as the Unit ed Kingdom, with Holland and Bel glum attached. It Is very accessible, readily reached from St. Petersburg. Stockholm, or Newcastle. Traveling Is cheap; railroads are good, and cars are comfortable; steamers are many, yet "SuomI," or the "Land of a Thousand Lakes," per chance of ten thousand, Is, as yet, little known. One reason why tho Grand Duchy is so little known Is on account of the peculiarities of tho climate. It varies greatly In different parts of tho coun try. In the south, where the longest night Is eighteen anil a half hours, the winter lasts seven months. In the north there Is total darkness for two months. But to the Finn winter Is the feason of seasons, tho Gulf Stream Bomewhnt tempering tho cold. Tho short summers, however, with the midnight sun to be seen In the Arctic portion for two months, are delight ful for travelers. The changes In tem perature, it Is true, are somewhat startling. Sometimes the thermom eter from intense heat falls below the freezing point In August on tho bog lands. Tha results to crops especially to barley are disastrous, and Finland is a vantage of famine. In one dreadful years 100,000 of the inhabitants died from starvation. Tho Finns are by nature an agri cultural people. Having been for such a length of time nomads tho raising of little crops, during halts, brought out their innate love for farm ing, and finally overcame the tenden cy to wander. Thus they have fol lowed the laws of history, the pre dominating class now being the bon aer or peasant owners of small farms. These they may have taken from larg er farms, in colonization, or may have been able to secure separately. In smaller plots between rivers. Then there are the torpares, or peasant tenants, who rent small sec tions of land called torps, which are parts of larger estates. Their rents are moderate, sometimes only a few days' work, sometimes a certain fixed proportion of a crop of grain. After these come the cottagers, owning lit tle garden patches, with, perhaps, pas ture for a cow or two, and then tho lnhyslngar, or lodgers, who seem to bo a species of traveling laborer, somewhat like the lumbermen, who are often found in our Northwest. Leaving out the Russian oppres sions, which at one time almost amounted to a scheme for serfdom, the general attitude of dominant sov ereignties to Finland, has been free dom for internal development. Great thought and effort have been spent towards economic progress. There too, is a strong democratic tendency; nobles are selling heredit ary estates to peasant farmers, who can make more of them than they, and more cheaply. These middle class people, as in America, often rise to prominent positions by force of char acter, educate their children at the universities, and aid the levelling pro cess, which Is fatal to feudal tradi tions. Any one now may own land of any kind, and the nobles have no longer the right to possess estates without taxation. Many of the most aristo cratic families, have, bo to speak, "gone into trade," establishing land companies and timber Industries wood pulp and wood paper mills. By these similarities in social con ditions, many of the Finns who have been taking refuge with us, are al ready Imbued with the American spirit. They make good citizens for us, but let us be generous enough to hope that the political state of their own country, "poor, little Finland," as they have called her, will soon be Buch as to enable them to live there In happiness, and develop on lines similar to our own. Maria Elmen dorf LIlllo. I . JAPANESE FINE ARMY SURGERY. Effective Discipline Better Maintained When Surgeon la An Officer. Major Seaman said that the Sur geon General of the army should he at least a major general. Without rank and prestlgo he said the medical officers of the army would bo unable to enforce the respect and discipline necessary for effective service. A lack of such rank and prestige was the curse of the British medical ser vice, which, In his opinion, is as far behind the Japaneso as is the Amor Ican. Major Seaman relates his observa tions of the medical service of the Japanese army during the Manchurian campaign. He said: "We are not to be compnred with the Japanese In medical and sanitary organization. They havo a medical director of their army who ranks as a lieutenant general. They have nix officers who rank as major generals. They havo ono who ranks as a brig adier general with every 20,000 raon in tho line, and they have tho power to enforce their orders. I was at Hiroshima last summer when 9.8i;fl men were brought from tho front. Of that number only 34 died. The vast majority of them got well and wore returned to the front. There were 1.10G brought to Toklo a great many stretcher cases and of that number not a single man died, although they were shot in almost every possible way. Six of them had bullets through the brain In different directions. Nine had bullets through their chests. Six had bullets through their abdomen, the point of exit and entrance being discernible In all cases. And they all got well. That wns because they were fed on n ration that is a rational ration, and they did not have their systems loaded with uric acid ,and other elements that excite Inflammation after Injury and cause death. "It Is much too early to sttmblt statistical proof, but from careful ob servation I venture to predict the records of the Japanese hospitals will show a large reduction In the per centage of mortality from casualties, especially In penetrating wounds of the skull, clust and abdomen, and In juries to osseous structures; Indeed, of every variety of wounds except per haps those of the spinal cord, when compared with the hlailstics of former wars. New York Herald. I Origin of the Deadly Yellow Peril. Tho discovery of yellow fever, ac cording to a student of tho disease In t'.iis city, dates back to tho first years of the discovery of America, when the disease broke out among the sailors of Columbus in San Domingo. But the first uui hemic account is of an epidemic which occurred In the Barbados In 1017. Since thi n innum erable epidemics have ravaged the cities of North and South America. Central America. u:i 1 even Europe. During the Nav"i!e-n!c wars the most extensive epidemics occurred. In 1S0O Cadiz was visited by this scourge, which attacked 4S.000 out of 57,000, 8.000 dying in a few mouths. One of the woi,t epidemics which has ever ravaged the United States occurred in 1 S": nnd extended along the Atlantic coast, through all the Southern states and as far north as Rhode Island. One hundred and twenty-five thousand persons wore stricken, more than 20,000 dying of the disease. A peculiarity of the germ of yellow fever is that it may be carried long distances and preserve its vitality for months. During the epidemic of 1809 In Cadiz there was an instance of this. A native fleeing from the infected city went to his villa In Medina, Sl donla, and there died of tho disease on his arrival. The house was imme diately closed and the following year the articles of clothing and furniture were sold to a dealer In Junk. He ' died of yellow fever in a few days and the epidemic which followed was. directly traced to-this case. The infected trunk of a man what bad died in the Barbados of tho dis ease was the beginning of tho out break in Philadelphia in 1741. The effects of this man, a Mr. Bing ham, were sent out from the place where he died and the gorms had enough vitality In them when the trunk was unpacked to lead to a dis astrous outbreak. Individuals of all ages and races are attacked. It was at one tlmo thought that the Creole was immune, but this is found to be a mistake. The negro is not as suscep tible as the white man, but he Is by no means exempt. One attack, as a rule, seems to render tho victim Immune for life, though the Im munity may be lost by a prolonged Btay in a northern climate. Yellow fever Is a hot-weather disease, being most prevalent in June, July and August. One or two frosts may ar rest uu epidemic, though It may re appear on tho return of warm weather. A workman on the Siberian railway was accidentally locked in a refriger ator car and was ufterward found dead . Imagining that he was being slowly frozen to death, he had record ed his sufferings with a piece of chalk on the floor. The temperature In the car had not fallen below 50 dogroea Fahrenheit throughout the journoy. There is an' establishment In Brus sels where grave-dlgglng is taught, and it has been decided that all sex tons in Belgium must be graduates of this academy. Banana skins are in demand la England, particularly at hotels, for the cleaning of boots. A man who is satisfied with his job never reaches the top of the ladder.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers