6
THE FEVER IN CUBA.
MOW AMERICANS WILL ROOT OUT
THE DISEASE.
Umi Weyler's Calculation That the
"fellow Jack" Would Fight Wholly on
the Side ol Spain 1h Mot Without Folate
ef Interest.
When the Spanish butcher, General
Wayler heard that the United States
am concentrating troops for the In
vasion of Cuba, he cooly remarked—
"Bie yellow fever will kill half of
tham and we shall dispose of the other
haK." Weyler In threatening our
amies with this scourge seems to for
get that he really furnishes this gov
emnent with an excellent and most
oagnnt reason for ridding ourselves
onee for all of the proximity of a pest
basse on our borders, and the bslnging
of Cuba under the same sanitary con
ditions that have practically extirpated
the yellow fevei from the Southern
parts. Had the United States no high
er grounds for Interference In the af
fairs of an adjacent island, the filthy
and unhealthy conditions under which
the Weylers have perpetuated them
selves In Cuba would have been alone
aaqily sufficient. For until the Span
iard Is driven out the yellow fever will
remain to be a menace to the health,
aad happiness of the people of this na
tion despite every effort of Congress
to bar It out.
Tle United States will not neglect
cleanliness, vaccination, and the pro
coring of wholesome drinking water
for the Cubans, and least of all need
there be any apprehensions that our
people will encourage the Spanish Idea,
that epidemics are specially sent by
Qod, and that only In his own good
time will they disappear. The benev
olent butcher-general need not rely
too much either on the decimation of
o*r troops by yellow fever which will
eventually be driven out with the pious
despotism of Spain at the point of the
lancet. For meantime we shall burn
enough of sulphur to not only kill all
those murderous microbes through
which Weyler with characteristic cow
ardice hopes to overcome the valor of
our army, but to keep the name and
prowess of the great republic ringing
around the ears of the dying dynasty
of Spain for the balance of Mr. Wey
ler*s natural life.
Don Weyler's calculation was that
the "Yellow Jack" would fight wholly
on the side of Spain. This Is not with
out interest. Upon wljat Is this hope
based? Is It upon the belief that the
microbes love tbc Spaniards and hate
the Yankees? It Is difficult to see how
Americans would be more amenable td
the disease than have been these sol
diers which Spain has already sent to
Cuba. That the Spanish, however,
rely as much on yellow fever as upon
the boasted tenacity of their alms to
piay havoc with the troops of the
United States seem 3 plain enough;
and the dread of the epidemic may
have some Influence In causing the
country to give such attention to yel
low fever as It never previously con
sidered necessary.
About ten years ago a movement was
before Congress to establish a commis
sion to check the ravages of yellow
fever by inoculation. The proposed
hill which was backed by the Louisi
ana State Board of Health was report
ed favorably to the Senate but no
sroper action was taken on the sub
ject then, though the Investigations
bad the effect of Increasing Informa
tion on the nature of this disease that
is far ahead of any In the possession
of Spanish doctors.
Yellow fever Is a heritage of the era
of slavery. Had we never imported
Africans we might never have known
what yellow fever was. The virus of
yellow fever comes originally In the
last resort from the discharge of the
-,lck negro and from the scourlngs of
slave ships that had been thrown out
at the ports of debarkation and which
carried back and forward with the How
and ebb of the tide fermented under
the heat of a tropical sun and so taint
ed. the shores of the surrounding at
mosphere.
The poison first generated In quar
ters where the negro lived from
which It spread along the shores
of the Gulf of Mexico and fructified
paVticularly In the mangrove swamps
of Cuba and the West Indies. For
twenty years after the termination of
the Civil War—slavery being continued
in Cuba—it raged in Mer-.phls, Mobile
and other Southern cities. With us,
however, it has long since yielded to
science and sanitation though occa
sionally the taint has periodically
reached us from Havana, —where the
virus has fermented end multiplied;
being carried Into harbors in trading
ships through various vapors on In
fected crews. When extirpated from
Havana It will be finally eradicated
from Its favorite habitat In the breed
ing nest provided for it by Spain and
from which repeated quarantines, fum
igations and disinfections have been
powerless to abate Its virulence, prin
cipally on account of the dlfllculty of
divorcing the Spaniard from his filthy
environments, '
Yellow fever like typhoid requires
certain conditions for Its development.
It arises from noxious exhalations or
miasmata, and flourishes In stagnant
water or under a hot sun. Badly aired
vessels, impregnated with a fetid hu
midity, generate it, and these condi
tions can be mitigated If it takes an
entire regiment of doctors to accom
pany our sailors. With competent
medical officers, good nursing, proper
ventilation of ships and of tents while
on bivouac, will, the atmospheric dis
turbance due to the discharge of can
non and the cor..- yu.-.nt burning of
gun. powder, the American troops will
softer much leas from fellow fever
than is generally supposed wlillq en
gaged In reducing Havana. It la the
universal testimony of all sanitarians
that yellow fever has Its starting point
In the lowest and filthiest quarters of
" eß P°rt towns, and that wb-u proper
conditions are observed It has ceased
to be the devastating pestilence which
It used to be In other years. It Is also
allowed that the worst possible condi
tion In which to meet the disease Is
one of "funk" and It Is probably either
In order to Inspire our troops with fear
or to make voluntary enlistment diffi
cult, that Spain's ex-Oaptaln-General
dwells on the terrors of this much
talked of disease.
A good deal, too, depends on the
habits and condition of health as In
typhoid fever at the time of attack;
and as the disease Is rapid much de
pends upon prompt treatment and ac
curate diagnosis. The symptoms are
usually an Instantaneous shock at the
base of the brain, followed by uncon
sciousness and a state of fever. In
most cases the stomach is effected and
In some cases the gums and nostrils
bleed. The Immediate cause as stated
by a specialist Is that termed the bac
illus Icteroldes wnlch collect In great
force In the spleen from which after
six or seven days they pass into the
circulation. Here they begin to repro
duce and kill by poisoning the blood
causing rapid fatty degeneration with
other anatomical Injuries which give
rise to the Ictus or yellow color from
which the disease takes Its name. This
special fever has many other points In
common with typhoid fever. The liv
er loses all functional activity and the
patient during the most dangerous per
kldneys are Inflamed. Unlike typhoid
fever, however, temperance la no safe
guard against attack nor Is Intemper
ance except In so far as It lowers the
system, necessarily fatal. Indeed the
chances of recovery are sometimes In
favor of the blbullst rather than the
prohibitionist
An officer who has served In the
West Indies relates that In one case the
lod following the first stage of the
fever, violated every prescription and
order of the attending physician, but
was cured. One peculiarity of this
disease to which the old saw "preven
tion Is better than cure applies" Is that
It never attacks a pure-blooded negro.
If the yellow fever should ravage our
troops to the extent hoped for by Spain
the United States have fortunately still
In its 8,000,000 citizens of Afro-Ameri
can origin, enough of fighting valor to
subdue the dons In Cuba.
To Care tinman Diseases.
The French have a system of curing
human diseases by encasing the body
in a freshly-slaughtered bullock's
skin. The system—known as xooth
erapeutlcs—has been In use In France
for many years with great success, and
Is gradually spreading throughout
Europe. Your own doctor may even
order you such a bath one of these
days. This is how the operation is
performed.
The patient Is put Into a freshly
killed bullock-skln, and the hide is
quickly sewn up. so as not to allow
the heat of the blood to escape. The
head of the patient is the only part of
the body which is not encased in the
skin. After remaining a variable
length of time in this unique bath, ac
cording to the state of health of each
individual, the patient is taken out
and plunged Into hot water.
These baths are most expensive lux
uries, for a skin can be used but once,
as artificial heating of the blood does
not suffice for the natural life-giving
warmth of the freshly-killed animal.
Only the rich can afford to indulge In
them, and the Paris physician numbers
among his patients some of the wealth
iest and most distinguished persons In
France;
Very Hard to Kill.
To shoot a human being In the head
causes instant death; but this is not
the case with animals. A headless fowl
will run about for some twenty min
utes, end a bear with a bullet in his
brain has still life enough to kill Its
murderer If it can reach him within
a few minutes. Tho only vulnerable
point In many reptiles is the spine,
and aanakc with half an ounce of lead
in Its cranium will live for many years.
The star-fish, jelly-fish and other crea
tures of the protoplasmic genus, If
chopped into many small pieces, do not
die, but each separate particle becomes
a living star-fish, etc.
But the most peculiar Instance Is
that of the commou English "death
moth," as It is called. If you cut its
head, legs and wings off it still lays
Its eggs before dying. If you throw It
into scalding water, crush It under a
hammer until it is a mere pulp. It does
not breathe Its last before It has pro
duced some twenty eggs, which are in
variably fertile.
A Critical Moment.
"Miss Laura," began the youth,'with
a flushed face and a tremor in his
voice, "I came this evening to ask
you "
"One moment, please, Mr. Hanklson.
Willie, you are making too much noise
with those toys. You'd better take
them Into the other room."
"To ask yo'u," resumed the young
man, mopping his brow with a trem
bling hand, "If you "
"Willie, take those toys Instantly
and go."
"If you have tried that new head
ache remedy you said the other even
ing you were going to take, and If It
did you any good. I am nearly wild
with a headache to-night."
"I have forgotten the circumstance
to which you allude, Mr. Hanklson,"
said Miss Kajones, coldly. "Willie, you
may remain if you wish."
It Is said tbnt In London there are
no fewer than 19,000 professional must
clans of variant, grades, and that tuor,e
THE COLUMBIAN, BLOOMSBURG. PA.
BARCELONA HARBOR.
ONE OF THE MOST ACCESSIBLE AND
BEAUTIFUL IN EUROPE.
The City ia Old, Very Old-It* History
Goes Beck Into Tradition, Which De
clare* Hercules to Have Ileen IIS
Founder.
One of the most accessible and beau
tlful harbors of all Europe Is that of
Barcelona, the chief seaport of Spain.
Its magnificent port has long made It
the principal embarking center of the
kingdom for troops destined to serve
In distant waters and lands. From
this point were shipped the thousands
of youths, who found death, not glory,
In Cuba; and here she Is now gather
ing her eoldlerß and manning her war
ships preparatory to sending them
forth to defend her trans-Atlantic pos
sessions. Barcelona, the quiet, the
beautiful. Is being quickly transformed
Into a noisy, bustling military center,
haunted by sad-eyed women.
The city Is old, very old. Its his
tory goes back into tradition, which
declares Hercules to have been Its
founder. In the time of the Carthag
inians It first became of Importance.
The Romans conquered It and made It
great. In the ninth century the city
was ruled by a Christian chief, with
the title of Count of Barcelona, which
was afterwards merged Into that of
Kir*; of Argon. During the year 985
It was ccptured by the Moors; but re
conquered not long after. The city
now became very powerful. It di
vided with Italy the commerce of the
world. It ruled the Mediterranean.
Barcelona became a name powerful in
Europe. The great of the world
Bought its gates; and wealth, learning
and luxury made their homes within
Its walls. Ferdinand and Isabella
loved the city; and here, In 1493, they
received Columbus after his famous
voyage.
For a time Barcelona was the capital
of an independent kingdom; but, dur
ing the reign of Louis XIV and Philip
V it waa captured by the allied forces
of France and Spain, sacked, burned
and robbed of its independence. In
the War of Succession, in 1795, the
city was taken by Lord Peterborough,
one of the famous sieges and captures
o; history; but on the return of peace
was again restored to Spain. Napo
leon, in 1808, sent Duhesme, with 11,-
000 men as a pretended ally, who en
tered the city and took possession of
Its citadel. When Napoleon fell Bar
celona once more came under Spanish
rule, where it still remains.
Barcelona is the least Spanish of all
the cities of Spain; and the most cos
mopolitan. Spain, Catalonia and
France have each stamped a portion
of its character on the city. The
resultant is not the highest type of
humanity. The people are noisy,
turbulent and riotous. They are
proud, selflßh and fickle, becoming
easily discontented and always ready,
at slight provocation, for a riotous
demonstration against the government.
Should a revolution occur in Spain
Barcelona would be among the first to
fly the red flag. It is distinctly a
commercial city, the most enterprising
and flourishing in Spain. It possesses
immense shipbuilding yards, iron
works and hosts of other man
ufacturers. It is the Pittsburg
of Spain; yet its blue skies are
unclouded and the purity of its
air untainted by black smoke and
vlie fumes. Its people are on the hunt
for the "almighty dollar," and, ap
parently, they find it, for while Spain
has been growing poorer Barcelona has
become rich. The typical Spaniard is
too proud to be a trader; but the citi
zens of Barcelona have none of this
false pride. They will do anything
to make money; and the result is they
hold the purse strings of Spain. *
Barcelona is beautifully located on
the shores of the blue Mediterranean.
On one side is the magnificent harbor,
filled with shipping from all parts of
the world; and on the other gently
undulating hills and back of them the
wild ruggedness and grandeur of the
mountains. The air is ever clear and
pure. The sunrays are dazzling in
their brightness; but hot, sometimes
very hot. The vegetation is of luxur
ant growth, and fruits and flowers
beautify the scene and make fragrant
the air. To live a month in Barcelona
is apt to give birth to the wish to dwell
there always.
The streets are often narrow and
dirty; but always interesting. The
Rambla is the most famous of the
thoroughfares of the city. It is to
Barcelona what Fifth Avenue and the
Boulevard is to New York. Here are
the most important public places. It
is the pet promenade of the people, the
gathering place of whatever is most
pleasant, polite or picturesque in the
life of the city. The Rambla runs
from the sea In a northwesterly direc
tion; and, unlike our streets, the mid
dle part is given up to foot-passengers,
with a carriage way on each side.
Along its entire length grow two rows
of stately trees, making a cool walk
even on a hot day. On feast-days a
flood of people flow up and down the
Rambla. Another beautiful promen
ade is the Muralla del Mar or sea wall.
This gives a delightful view of the
harbor and the mediterranean. The
streets of Barcelona are fast becoming
modernized and losing much of their
picturesqueness.
To the traveler the most Interesting
part ot Barcelona Is Its churches; and
of Its churches the cathedral Is by far
the most notable. Indeed, some writ
ers place the Cathedral of Barcelona
above St. Peter's at Rome, above the
dhurclies of all other countries, In its
uplifting InSuence. The beauty and
refinement of its architecture, the soft
ness and perfections of Its coloring
and details—the harmony of the whole,
appeal to the soul as no other church
does. The building was begun six
hundred years ago, and to-dax it is
not completely finished.
TO FACE CANNONS.
American Boru. That Are Best Salted
for Purpo... of War.
In the midst of the attention we are
giving to the personnel of our armies
there is a feature not less Important
than the feeding and the physical con
dition of the men, arid which we are
apt to overlook. It is the condition
and training of the army horse. Horses
are almost as necessary an adjunct to
a successful war as are men.
With the exception of carriage horses
for use on the boulevards of large cit
ies, and of race horaee—of which class
we probably breed the fastest in the
world—we have run behind other na
tions in the production of good and
serviceable horses. This was because
having such splendid railroad and
electric facilities, we have had less
need for horses than other people. One
of the results of our new expansive
policy will be to enlist public Interest
In the cavalry horse; for while we may
have soldiers and a navy that can beat
the world, without strong and speedy
horses capable of covering a march and
capturing a position by a dash, we
cannot be fully equipped as a nation.
The effect of quick-firing guns will
be to reduce the relative efficiency of
cavalry, and of Infantry from those of
the olden time, but nevertheless the
horses will still be a powerful factor
In war. The style of horse needed In
the army Is that known in the older
countries as the hunting horse, an ani
mal with enormous chest, clean limbs,
heavy loins, deep quarters and free
moving action. Such a horse when
well-groomed and bred will carry a
mount of 150 pounde across country at
an excellent riding pace for the space
of five or six hours, and will be com
paratively fit and fresh for a pro
longed march at the close.
Hunters thus trained in the field to
rough work, make excellent army
horses. Not being much accustomed
to the delights of the chase In this
busy country, we have not developed
the European tyre of hunting horse;
but he is coming.
The best type of the American horse
for use In the army, now comes from
Kentucky, and from the neighboring
mountainous states. It is claimed by
some that the small, "chunky" horse
le far better fitted for transporting
cannon than horses of finer proportions
and of greater weight and frame.
It waa the need of horses of such
endurance and powers which more
than anything else defeated Napoleon's
campaign upon Moscow.
The Russians were convinced of this,
and when some of them saw a French
gun at the base of an ice-covered mole
with the horses that drew it, lying
with broken limbs beside it, because
Napoleon had omitted to bring horse
nails, they exclaimed with Joy: "God
made Napoleon forget that there is 4
winter in this country."
The great purposes of horses In war
are to transport guns, to carry the sol
diers, to protect them in case of a
charge and to furnish food to the army
in case of famine. Many a soldier has
protected his own life fighting an
enemy from behind the dead body of
his horse, and when a retreating force
waa cut off from its base of supplies,
an army waa ofen provisioned by
the sutler's forces returning to the
scene of defeat and cooking the horses
that were killed in battle.
And in the Sioux campaign of 1876
General Crook was so hard pressed for
food that he had to kill some of the
horses, the command subsisting on the
meat for several days.
The well-trained cavalry horse fights
some upon his own account. He rears
upon his hind legs and strikes venom
ously with his forelegs at the sight of
an enemy whose colors he knows near
ly as well as those of his master. In a
charge of infantry the horse being so
much larger, offers a greater target
than the rider whose chest is protected
by the erect neck and head of his gal
lant steed. Horses thus save the lives
of the men, and few phases of war are
better calculated to inspire terror in
unmounted troops than a desperate ad
vancing charge of cavalry at close
quarters, with dust flying and hoofs
clanging, and the discharge of carbines
keeping music to the war-lice neighing
of stallions on full gallop. The skir
mishes during the Peninsular war ware
mostly of this character, and the Duke
of Wellington used to say that a man
and his horse thus equipped, were
equivalent to five infantry soldiers,
though since the Introduction of re
peating rifles the proportions of Wel
lington's time are sadly altered now.
It is somewhat sad to state that de
spite all the uses of hor6ee in war, and
notwithstanding the great exposure of
this noble animal to danger in case
of battle, statistics show the death of
a greater proportion of horses from
disease, neglect or starvation than
from actual slaughter in action. Want
of food, want of water and want of
rest, the common misfortune of every
campaign, .kills over fifty per cent, of
the horses; and overwork, disease and
exposure destroy a far larger propor
tion than are actually killed in war.
If these good people who spend their
nights dreaming abeut the parliament
of Man and the federation of the world,
would devote some of their spare energy
to enforcing the plainest dictates of
humanity In the cases of dishonest
army contractors the peaee societies
would do much t mitigate the horrid
treatment of horses in war, and accom
plish some real good. Even In times
of peace the mortality amongst horses
for cavalry and artillery purposes is
very large. During the fiscal year end
ing June 36, 1897, Uncle Sam lost 1,061
cavalry and artillery horses out or a
total of 6,531; and this percentage
which is veiy large would be touch
greater in war times, as owing to the
excitement which occurs the horse
sometimes suffers incredible tortures
from want of food, rest and water.
V _ Ji PERFECT FOOD—ma Wholesome ma it ia Delicious." V\
0 WALTER BAKER & CO.'S O
1 Jgf BREAKFAST COCOA f
V fig •• Hu stood the test of more then ioo years' use among all X
Sv H daaaca, and for purity and honest worth is unequalled."
X Hi ! tßf* m Costs less than ONE CENT a Cup. A
U 1 kj 7] Trade-Mark on Every Package. V
S< TrolSj* WALTER BAKER & CO. LTD., X
#\ TRADE.MARK. Established I 780. DORCHEBTER, MASS. A
ALEXANDER BROTHERS & CO.
DEALERS IN
Cigars, Tobacco, Candies, Fruits and Kuts
SOLE AGENTS FOR
Henry Maillard's Fine Candies. Fresh Every "Week.
GOODS -a. SPECIALTY,
SOLE AGENTS FOR
F. F. Adams & Co's Fine Cut Chewing Tobacco
Sole agents for the following brands of Cigars-
Henry Glay, Londres, Normal, Indian. Princess, Samson, Silver Asb
Bloomsburg Pa.
IF YOU ARE IN NEED OF
CARPET, RATTING,
or OIL CLOTH,
YOU WILL FIND A NICE LINE AT
W. M. BEOWEM'S
2nd Door abovo Oonrt Honec
A large lot of Window Curtains in stock.
This settles That's the
it! Hereafter [U ht i<J
I will haveall JlHpj win success a
my clothes man cannot
riADE TO I *9° careful
ORDER BY VjSfcßsJ a PP ***•
EDWARD E. STRAUSS & CO.
America's Popular Tailors, Chicago.'
The Fall Trade-
There is every indication that there
will be a rushing fall trade. It is also
probable that it will commence about
the first part ofSeptember. The spring
trade this year commenced early in
March, a full month ahead of the
regular time. The pleasant spring
may have had something to do with
this, but the business men expect the
fall trade to be going by the middle of
September with a rush. The wise
business man is therefore buying his
goods and getting ready his advertise
ments.
Appetite and Ambition.
"I was tired and had no appetite or
ambition. I began taking Hood's
Sarsaparilla and it gave ne permanent
relief. I attribute my present good
health to the fact that Hood's Sarsa
parilla has purified and enriched my
blood, and 1 earnestly recommond it
for a debilitated system." '
Miss MARY HONECKER, St. Clair, Pa.
Hood's Pills cure nausea, sick head
ache, biliousness, indigestion. Price
25 cents.
A despatch from San Francisco
says: "The men of almost every one
of the volunteer regiments in camp at'
the Presidie are circulating petitions I
to the Secretary of War requesting
they be mustered out of the service.
There are very tew of the officers with
whom this movement has any counten
ance and efforts are being made to
suppress it." The men have the
tough times and receive sl6 a month.
The officers receive from $1,400 to
$6,000 a year, and would probably
like to have a steady thing of it.
CASTOR IA
For Infants and Children.
The Kind You Have Always Bought
Bears the
Signature of C
THAT'S JUST IT!
You can't always tell by the
looks of a garment how it is
going to WEAR.
WHY NOT
get the WEAR as well as
the looks when you can have
both at the same
PRICE. $12.00 is the starting
point of those
Edward E. Strauss & Co.'s
Famous Custom Tailored
Suits and Overcoats
with an ironclad guarantee
thrown in free.
IT WILL PAY YOU to examine
this line, and leave your or
der for one of these hand
some garments.
CALL ON
L. GROSS,
Bloomßburg, Pa.'
OMAHA EXPOSITION 1
Eight-Day Personally-Conducted Tour via
Pennsylvania Railroad.
The Pennsylvania Railroad Com
pany has arranged for a special eight
day personally-conducted tour to the
and International
Exposition at Omaha on October i,
allowing four full days at the Exposi
tion. Round-trip tickets, including
transportation and Pullman berth in
each direction, meals in dining cat
going and returning, hotel accommo
dations and meals at Omaha, admis
sions to the Fair, and carriage drive
and hotel accommodations at Chicago
will be sold at rate of SIOO from New
York ; $96 from Philadelphia ; $95
from Washington and Baltimore ; s9r
from Williamsport and Harrisburg ;
SSo from Pittsburg ; and proportion
ate rates from other points.
The party will be accompanied by
a Tourist Agent and Chaperon, and
will travel in special Pullman sleeping
cars.
For the benefit of those who may
desire to remain longer in Omaha,
tickets will be made good to return
on regular trains until November 15,
inclusive. Such tickets include only
railway transportation returning, with
reduction of sls from above rates
from all points.
For further information apply to
ticket agents, Tourist Agent, 1196
Broadway, New York, or Geo. W.
Boyd, Assistant General Passenger
Agent, Philadelphia.
Lithographed bonds, stock certifi
cates, and checks are furnished at
THE COLUMBIAN office. tf.
Should she live until September 30,
Mrs. DePew, of Landrus, Tioga
ty, will be 100 years old. Mrs. De
Pew is in full possession of her facul
ties and when a friend called to see
her the other day she was shelling
peas for dinner.
OABTORIA.
Boan the _y?Tt , c Kind You Have Always Buugtt