4T THE COLUMBIAN. BLOOMSBURG, PA. LIVE QUESTIONS. A Arrtp of Article Contributed to The Columns hj .rtvunccd ThlnfciTi. ISOrsTHUL CONCILIATION. Whenever a strike or lookout Is of mfikirrit importance to attract public attention, after it has continued for a few days there hegins to la talk of " ar bitration" on tho part of tlio press nnrt of the workingmozi who aro engaged iu tlio contest. If ui titration ia resorted to, the ques tions iu dispute are referred to one or more arbitrators, who hear both Hides and decide between them. This is, of course, a judicial process, except that the finhiuifision of tho question on both sides is purely voluntary, as neither can force the other into conrt, nnd tho obli gation to ubido by the decision is moral only; there is nothing legally binding in it. Usually strikes and lockouts aro set tled iu a less formal way by tho inter vention of persons inspired either by private or publio interest, who act as go betweons and run from one side to the other, gaining a little concession bore and thcro, smoothing away one difTlcrilty after another, and finally ar ranging matters with as little loss of dignity as possible to tho contending parties. But botween civilized bodies of men whoso services aro vitally important to each other, who make their living by the help of each other, it is a disgrace that there should bo these constantly re curring contentions. They arise only from the selfishness and tyranny of men, nurestraiued by nobler qualities, and selfishness and tyr anny are equally hateful and mischie vous whether exhibited by employers or employed. Unfortunately, whichever hide has had the power has nsnally ex ercised it iu so arrogant a manner and with such nnrolontiug harshness as to goad the other side to resistance, result ing often in a state of open warfare which has continued either nntil one side or the other is quite conquered, when the old series of acts ia begun again to end in the samo way or nntil both sides are exhausted. The fact needs to bo emphasized that the same qualities have been exhibited by both sides, that human nature, when undisciplined, is very much the same thing "in masters and in men," and that neither side baa a right to cast stones, but both should cry "mea culpa, moa culpa!" At times it is the labor or ganizations which are dictatorial, while the employers cringe and relinquish all their rights to maintain peace, brft more frequently the employers are arbitrary and tyrannical, asserting loudly that they "intend to manage their own busi ness as they choose and will not be in terfered with by their workmen." IN SOLVIXO A PROBLEM USE ALL THE FACTORS Here is the weak point there will never be justice between employers and employees, and consequently there will never be a lasting peace, until the pub lio and the employers recognize the claim of the employees to a voice in tho settlement of questions relating to the conditions of labor. These questions are of vital importance to the employees, and do, iu fact, more nearly concern them than they do the employers, for in the case of the latter it is only their business success or their living which is involved, while with the employees all interests are at stake. It can stjnrcoly be expected that American citizens who have been born and bred with the in stincts of freemen will submit tamely to a system which places their welfare entirely iu the hands of others. Tho above suggestion will be now to many, and may seem to be unreason able, bat the more it is considered the more jnst it will show itself to be, and it will finally be acknowledged to bo true. As Mr. William II. Sayward, sec retary of the National Association of Builders (an association of employers), says in a lecture on the "Eolation of Employer and Workman :" "The labor question has two compo nent parts, the employing or profit labor and the performing or wage labor, and it is folly to attempt to deal with tho question at all unless both parties are united in the consideration. Neither party to the joint interest can handle the question alone." HON. C. F. ADAMS OS ARBITRATION. The next question is the pructical one, "How can employees be taken into the councils of their employers?" and the answer made by Mr. Charles Francis Adams, for many years state railroad couimissionor iu Massachusetts and for many years also president of the Union Pacific railroad, in an article entitled "The Prevention of Railroad Strikes," is one which must cause a responsive thrill iu every Amoricau breast: "It will be impossible to establish perfeotly good faith and the highest morale iu the service of the companies (railroad) until the problem of giving this voice to employees and giving it effectively is solved. It can be solved in but one way, that is, by representation. To solve it may mean industrial peace. "It is impossible to depose of these difficult mutters in town meetings. Nevertheless, tho town meeting must be at the base of any successful plau of disposing of them. The eud iu view is to bring the employer who in this case is the compuny, represented by its pres ident uud board of directors and the employees into direct and immediate coutact through a representative system. When thus brought into direct and im mediate contact, the parties rhust arrive at results through the usual methods ; that is, by discussion and rational agree ment "It follows the linos of action with which the people of this country are taost familiar. The path is that in which for centuries they have beeu ao custoinod to tread. It has led them out of many difficulties. Why not out of this difficulty?" THE REPKE8ENTATIVE SYSTEM BEST. Mr, Adams' solution is, so far as American railroads are concerned, pure ly theoretic. There is in other indus trial Holds proof that the principle he advocates are correct. Kxperience has demonstrated that the representative jysteni is as useiul in business us in ov rrnuient. For the last 20 or SO yenrs in many largo industries in Lnlanri nil questions of conditions of work have been settled, without striko or lockout, by "joint boards," "boards of concilia tion" or "arbitration boards, " on which tho associations of employers nnd em ployees have both beeu represented by delegates duly chosen and empowered to legislate, for their constituents, and on these boards the employers and employ ees bavo alwoys had an equal represen tation. In onr country also and in Bel gium such boards are known and have met with equal success, but tho pr.n tico of justice with us has been neither so long nor so widely extended as in Eng land, and, stsaugoly enough, employers here, instead of instinctively recogniz ing that this is tho only solution of the difficulties of the "labor qnesticn," as sume a tone of arbitrary ownership nnd proclaim their right to issue orders which must bo obeyed. From business men one might have expected more "practical" conduct, since it is very evidout that those who adopt this position do not succeed in avoiding labor conflicts and disturbances which cause them great loss and trouble, while the employers who recognize the justice of their employees' claim to a joint con trol in questions of common interest do escnpe them. Iu the casos where "joint boards" are formed the preliminary step usually is the mutual recognition that both Bides ure about equal in strength, that each can injure the other seriously, but that neither can conquer the other. The proof of this necessarily comes from the experience of a long series of alternat ing strikes and lockouts the employees making unreasonable, demands wheu trade is good, the employers doing the same when trade is bad, a system "mu tually predatory. " Finally it occurs to a few meu ou one side or tho other that the whole thing is unworthy of intelli gent meu who make their living by tho help of each other. This sounds simple enough, and to a disinterested observer seems the only reasonable method of settling questions which are of the greatest importance to both employers and employed, which cannot be settled except by mutual con sent, either forced or voluntary, and which must bo settled if business ia to coutinue. And yet the obstinacy and arrogance of men make this reasonable arrange ment a very difficult one to accomplish. FAIRNESS ON BOTH SIDES. The two sides must bo about equal in strength, or, in other words, both must be "well organized" there must be a strong association of employers and a strong trades union or other labor organ ization, both of which shall represent the majority of the employers and work men in the trade. This is necessary be cause the "joint committee" or "wages board" must be composed of representa tives who are authorized to bind their constituents ; otherwise their agreements would bo empty words. Besides this, however, both the repre sentatives and the organizations they represent must in the main be honest men, intelligent men, or the plan will fail. JosEniiNE Shaw Lowell. New York, March, 1880. The Local Paper. Iu newspaper woik as well as elso- where "distance lends enchantment to tho view." Many peoplo imagine, that tho paper published far aWay is for that very roason better than the home paper. But this is often not tho case. Every one should be doeply interested iu the home paper support it heartily. The newspaper is the greatest means for spreading knowledge in existence. It is the one means, the only one, that reaches all the peoplo with knowledge, and hence is at once school, professor and textbook combined. The newspaper, more and more, is catering to tho tastes of nil classes. Its editorial policy may bo for one purty or denomination, but in its pages will bo found a vast variety of opinions on nil kinds of subjects. The secret of the sue cess of the great dailies is this that they have opened thoir columns to all kinds of ideas. I am sure that this is the mothod and purpose of all local pa pers who know the trend of things and appreciate the situation. The editor who would admit nothing into his pages but that which agreed with his own views would certainly be out of placa and not succeod. As the forum where opinions and theories meet uud clush, lose and wiu, the local paper is a groat institutiou, and is dosUned to hnvo a still greater future. Along the two or threo lines hinted above viz, (1) greater variety, (2) more literary finish, (8) greater nceuracy in statement, whether iu argument, de scriptions or reports the newspaper of tho future will develop, and editors cv erywhere are planning and workiutr in these directions. Now, the reader is not always aware of the great difficulties uud large expenditures necessary for such improvements. Hence his (or her) wurru co-operation is of great vuluo. Too many people, for example, do not appreciate the fact that a notice, nn uouncenieut, report or article written for tho local paper should bo well writ ten. We dash olf a paragruph of news and hand it to the editor with not much care as to its accuracy or its graceful ness cf diction. Iu writing the mot;t commonplace of announcements we should be us careful as in preparing un essuy that is to be perused by a critic Again, there uro hundreds of gouu thoughts cherished in every community that never got into print. If these sin cere and cnpuble peoplo would write out their dearest opinions, putting them lu crisp, clear, terse and smooth sentences, editors would be glud to publish them. These uro only a few of the many ways that we, dear roador, can help tho editor, and wo owe it to the cause of human progress to do so. Anthony Mirikxjk. WHO 13 HE? Story of Naw York "Menneat Mini," who In or the 400. We all know him. His name is In the list of tho "Four Hundred.'" He is prominent in church work. His wealth is counted by millions. Not many years ago his brother was nt the head of a great manufacturing establish ment, which he had built up in this city, .and from which he derived an enormous income. Illness laid him low, his doctors said he would die with in a week and he sent for this "mean est man." "Brother," he said. "I shall bo dead In a few days. I want to turn my prop erty over to you. Take everything and do what good you can in the world." So the business was given to the "meanest man," and preparations were made for the funeral of the rich brother. He, however, foolod the doctors and got well. His first move was an at tempt to recover his property from his brother, but the latter held on, and has hold on ever since. He captured the whole plant, and has it yet, and that man who gave it to him on his death bed is now dependent on him for sup port. New York Press. BUILT A RAILROAD ON FAITH. What tho Confidence of a, farmer lias lono In Mlnnenota. Perhaps the most curious incident growing out of opposition to railway monopoly is found up in Minnesota, and is described in tho Chicago Times- Herald. A farmer named Hines, who owned nothing in the world but a quarter section of mortgaged land and a spavined team of horses, suddenly concluded that the country was being robbed by railroads, and that the farm ers must build a road of their own. He started out. The farmers did not have any money with which to subscribe for Btock, but they pledged so many days' work on the road. Others made a gift of the right of way. Still others went into tho woods and cut ties. Farmer Hines was much ridiculed when he started his agricultural road, but he has stuck manfully to his task, and now the chances are the road will be actually built. He has 150 miles of right of way, pledges for the earthwork, and ties enough to cover the line. The road will run from Duluth west through the Red River Valley into North Dakota, opening up a new section of country. This is what an Aivsvicwi farmer with a spavined team and faith in himself can do when he sets about it. An Expert Confounded. The Butte Inter-Mountain tells a good gold-dust story of George Wilson, who owned the famous Paris mine in Park county, Mont. Wilson was vis ited by some Englishmen one day, among whom was an expert of the English pattern one who knew all about mines and a great deal about everything else, in his own opinion. They wanted to see some of Wilson's gold, and he panned out some very fine colors for their edification. "But that isn't gold," pronounced the youthful expert, after a critical examination. "Me deah fellah, I am a graduate of the English School of Mines, and I know gold when I see it, you know. That is iron." Wilson didn't say much. He just leaned over and took the alleged expert confidingly by the shoulder. "Mebbe it isn't," he said, "but don't go and give it away to those fellows' down at the Denver mint, for I have been selling the stuff to them for gold all along." No Apology Needed. In addition to giving the convicted man a term of ton years in prison, the judge imposed on him the gratuitous punishment of listening to a long speech made for the benefit of the reporters, in which he Bet forth specifically the rea sons for his action. "You needn't have done all that apol ogizin' fer imposin' on a feller man," Baid the culprit, kindly. "They ain't no hard foelings on my part. I know as well as you do that a man can't hold tho job of judge and act tho gentleman at the same timo." Indianapolis Jour nal. He Knew Their riuttery. When the picture of the Russian Grand Duchess Olga, whom he later married, was shown to the late King Charles of Wurtemburg, he looked at the portrait carefully nnd then said, dryly: "The portrait is highly flutter ing; the hair is too full, the eyes are too brilliant and the skin too fresh." "But, your Majesty, you do not know the Princess," answered the adjutant, who had been sent from St. Petersburg. "No, that is true," said tho King, "but I know court painters." New York Tribune. Just Nature, That's All. 1 don't know why it is, but a woman will never answer you frankly, directly, and point blank, if you ask her what size shoes she wears. She won t say, "I wear threes or fours" fours being the average size of the feminine shoe, She will eay and if you don't believe me, try it "Well, these are fours," with the emphasis on the "these," quite as if "these" weren't at all the shoes Bhe habitually wears, but somebody's else, slipped on entirely by accident. She usually adds, "But they're miles too big for me." Why does she do it? That's a sphinx s riddle. All Luck. "Ef I had your luck and you had mine," said Dismal Dawson to ore of his prosperous clients, "I'spose it would be me helpin' you," "Luck?" answered the prosperous one, "I made all my money by hard work." "That's where the luck Aggers. You was bornod with a likin' fer work, I wasn t. Indianapolis Journal, Rudyard Kinlinir was asked recently whether he enjoyed writing poetry or arose most. He remarked that h pleasure of creating a poem was the nignesi inteiiectum uuiignt tie mm ever colt's E is above all other things, the remedy for sickly, wasted chil dren. It nourishes and builds them up when ordinary foods absolutely fail. 500. and $1 A61CP OR THE B?dKLET ON "LIGHT" AND Burn GIVES icBEST LIGHT IN THE ALEXANDER BROTHERS & CO. 1 DEALERS IN Cigars, Tobacco, Candies, Fruits and Nuts SOLE AGENTS FOR Henry Mail lard's Fine Candies. Fresh Every Week. IPjLtcitsrx Goods jl. Sifect-a.Xj'I'". SOLE AGENTS FOR F. F. Adams & Co's Fine Sole agent s tor the foary Clay, Loadres, Normal, Indian Princoss, Samson, Silvor As Bloomsburg Pa. :T0P AT And see the largest collection bought before the advance in our early buying. Uur fall and winter underwear and hosiery is now on our counters at prices never heard of before. Co?.:rEr. Iron and Main Sts. What brings relief from dirt and grease? Why don't you know? B. F. Sharpless, Pres. BLOOM LAND IMPROVEMENT COMPAHY. Capital Stock, $30,000. Plotted property is in the coining business centre of the town. It includes also part of the factory district, and has no equal in desirability for residence purposes. CHOICE LOTS are offered at values that will be doubled in a short time. No such opportunity can be had elsewhere to make money. Lots secured on SMALL MONTHLY PAYMENTS- Maps of the town and of plotted rronertv furnisherl nn ap plication. Call upon or write to the Secretary, or J. S. "Woods, Sales Agent, or any member of the Board of Directors. BOARD OF DIRECTORS. B. F. Sharpless; C. W. Neal, A. G. UR. 11. V. lUCUEYNOLDS, fVide Iov itqd for the finest and best stoves, tinware, roofing, spoutinj? 1 I t l . T T HT -w mm general jod worK, go to w. w. watts, on iron street. Buildings heated by steam, hot air or hot water- in a satisfac tory manner. Sanitarv PJumbinor a snecialtv. I have the exclusive control of the Thatcher steam, hot water and hot air heaters for this territory, which is acknowl edged to be the best heater on the market. All work guaran- iccu, IRON STREET. I mulsion at all druggists. AiDAL2UTEiy MPE Cut Chewing Tobacco following brands of Cigars- W. H. MOORE'S of shoes in the county. All prices. You eet the benefit ot W. H. floore. ri m i N. U. Funk, Sec. C. II. Campbell, Treas. SB URCO T L Dillon. Briggs, Dr. I. V. Willits. J, J, rUNK, 1 I-IO- Gfcod Worlc. W. W. WATTS, Xlloouisburov Popular Masazikes FOH THE HOME. 1HB FRANK LESLIE'S POPULAR MONTHLY Contalnt tmrh Month I Original Water Color l-runtlaplecet 12 Ouarto Vagal of keadlng Matter! loo Now and Hl(th-claa Hutra turn I mm. i-nrr-rjr xi.iicr nu iiiuntra tlont than any other Magazine In America. . 1 1 a V.ar Frank Leslie's Pleasant Hours FOR BOYS AND CIRLS. A FrlzM, W'holf.omo. .Tnrrnlln Motithlr. Fmlv IMuMrftli-d. Thn Iwrt wrltern for jrotmg puoile o"titi lbnt t It. 10 eta. i $1 a year. SEITD ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS TO THE COLUMBIAN. Bloomsburg, Pa. Cl.l'B RATI. TlieCOl.l MHIAN and Frank I.siie a F ) tiior Mitittiiii ono jrrnr for U se, or t Ma iinper mid t'hamut lltmri lor ltoys and (ilils, forll.iw. Undoubtedly the Best Club Offers - Scnrt In rmk TstHr'i PvhHthlno fTmue, K.T, fur Nt IUuKtrntrd JTrmmm iw, rrm. THE MARKETS. BLOOMSBURG MARKETS. COMMOTIO WIIILT. KIT1IL rilCII. Butter per lb $ ,24 Eggs per dozen 16 Lard per lb .10 Hani per pound ,uj Pork, whole, per pound ,06 Beef, quarter, per pound, . . , .07 Wheat per bushel .80 Oats " 28 Rye " " 50 Wheat flour per bbl 3 85 Hay per ton ia to $14 Potatoes per bushel .30 Turnips " 25 Onions " " .50 Sweet potatoes per peck 25 to .30 Tallow per lb 4$ Shoulder " w u Side meat " " 07 Vinegar, per qt 07 Dried apples per lb .05 Dried cherries, pitted .10 Raspberries .12 Cow Hides per lb .3! Steer " 05 CalfSkin 80 Sheep pelts , .75 Shelled corn per bus .50 Corn meal, cwt a. 00 Bran, " 1.00 Chop " 1. 00 Middlings " 1.00 Chickens per lb new .12 " " "old 10 Turkeys " " 12 J Geese " " .10 Ducks " " 08 coal. , No. 6, delivered a. 40 " 4 and 5 " 3.50 " 6 at yard a. 2$ " 4 and s at yard ; . . 3.25 E. A. RAWLINGS. DEALER IN All Kinds of Meat. Beef, Veal, Lamb, Mutton, Pork, Ilains, Bacon, Tongues, Bologna, &c. Free Delivery to all parts of the town. CENTRE STREET, DLOOMSBURC, PA. SSTTelephone connection. PATENTS Cavoats and Trade Marks obtninod, and al' Patent business conducted for MODKKAT FEES. OUK OFFICE 19 OPPOSITE TUB V. S. PAT ENT OFFICE. We bave no suu-aijencltia, all business direct, hence cun transact patent busi ness In less t ime and at Less Cost than those re mote from Washington. Mend model, drawing or photo, with descrlp tlon. We advise if patentable or not, free uf charge. Our tee not due till patent Is secured A book, "How to obtain Patents," with reicr ences to actual clients in your hiule.County, 0 towu sent fiee. Address C. A. SNOW ft co Washington, I). 1 (opposite U. B Patent OOlce.) Bring ths Babies. INSTANTANEOUS PROCESS USED. Strictly first-class guaranteed photography crayons and copxs at reasonable prices. We use exclusively the Collision Ari.-lotype pa peis, thin seeiirini; greater I eautv of fini'1 and peimancncy of lesults. t'Al'WKLI., MARKET SQUARE CULEM Il-22-ly. Over Iinrtmnii's Store, GET YOUR JOB PRINTING DONE AT THE COLUMBIAN OFFICE expununceu. NMtMjr
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers