6 METHODS OF PRIMAE? FADING. XIV. The Rational Method. BY WILLIAM NOETLING. The author of this the latest method of reading is Edward G. Ward, Asso ciate Superintendent of Public Instruo tion Brooklyn, N. Y. The author says: The Rational Method is a peculiar combination of the word and phonic methods. It utilizes each for that part of the work to which it is especially adopted. The word method is used, first as principal, because of its value in developing a habit of reading thought, fully, and afterward as auxiliary, to remedy the short comings of the phonic method, and increase the stock of word phonograms. The phonetic method, which Is introduced by easy stages during the ascendency of the word method, finally becomes the principal means of growth and pro gress. It imparts power, while it supplies the key which the word method is inadequate to give. " The aims of the rational are : i. . To make the child not only independent in his reading, but gener ally self-reliant. a. " To enable him to read a vast ly greater amount than heretofore in a given time, and thus to acquire not only a fuller vocabulary, but greater maturity of mind. 3. "To put him in possession dur ing the first year or year and a halt of school life, of a complete key to the language, so that, no matter how soon thereafter his schooling may cease, his ability to read will be assured. "The following are the leading features of the phonetic part of the work : 1. " The presentation of the sounds and their symbals (phonograms) in a rational order ; that is, an order in which the easier piecedes the harder. The easiest sounds to use in phonetic reading are those that may be indefinitely prolonged, and the blending of which in words may there lore be most readily shown and per ceived. These sounds the Rational Method deals with first. 2. "The teaching of an initial stock of phonograms (sound symbals) before any phonetic reading is done. 3. "The training of the ear in the perception of phonetic blends (union of several sounds), before phonetic reading is begun. 4. " An extensive and systematic use of woid-phonograms (old in fold is a word phonogram) and other com pound phonograms (words of more than one letter). The difficulty the child experiences in determining a new word, is, in general, directly pro portional to the number of parts he has to recognize in it. By the use, then, of compound phonograms, which, being taught as wholes, are no harder to recognize than simple ones, hundreds of long and hard words are practically transformed into short and easy ones. Thus, the word lightning, which the child learning by this method reads, l ight-n-ing, he finds no more difficult than the short word left, in which also he has to recognize and put together four separate sounds. 5. "A careful grading ot the pho netic words introduced. The first phonetx words presented contain but two phonograms each, the next but three, and so on. 6. " The giadual introduction of phonetic words into the sentence reading. At first but one such word is introduced into a sentence. This prevents the phonetic word from offer, ing any serious impediment to the thought getting. 7. "Separate daily drills in the recognition of the individual phono grams and the reading of single pho netic words. The purpose of these is expertness. For sight reading the following di rections or hints are given in the Manual : Commence with the black board, using script charact rs on'y, and teach the following list of words comprising the full vocabulary for Part 1. (Primer) of the First Book : a, all, am, an, and, any, apple, are, at, boy, bread, can, come, cow, do, does, dog, drink, eat, egg, for, fruit, full, girl, give, go, good, has, have, he, her, here, him, I, ill, in, is, it, Jack, let, like, look, make, me, milk, much, no, not, of, old, out, play, see, shall, she, some, take, tell, that, the, them, there, they, to, too, us. want, water, we, well, what, where, will, with, yes, you. One of the peculiarities, as well as advantages, of this method is that, from the beginning, sounds or phonics are introduced in connection with the word method. Every lesson is also in part a review of something previ jusly taught. As already indicated, v.ny repre sentative of a sound, whether a letter or a combination of several letters, is called a phonogram. The following is the order in which the phonograms (except those found in list of words r) are introduced: , I, m, it, (long sound ot each), ing, igtfs, 8, (z sound), , ami kIs), and t, (as termi em, (as terminals), o, , p, (as terminal) p, ana in, (as k) and k, uny , ic, irk, and ip, hi, uind of s), ir, e, dt. "h short sound of v), iren Cry for :storIa. d, (as terminal), d, (t, sound), ed, r, (as a), v, and un (short u), art, and ish, v. Writing and spelling are taught from the beginning. That this is a natural, easy, and ra tional method is unquestionable. It imposes no useless burden upon teacher or pupils. Thi wonderful success of the method in the numerous schools that are using it, plainly points to it as the method of the future. Teachers who desire to keep them- selves abreast ot the times acquaint ed with the latest and best in primary work should get the Manual, The First Book, and the Cards, and make themselves acquainted with the method. The publishers are Silver, Burdett & Co., New York. How's This ! We offer One Hundred Dollars Reward for any case of Catarrh that cannot be cured by Hall's Catarrh Cure. F. J. CHENEY & CO., Trops., Toledo, O. We the undersigned have known F. J. Cheney for the last 15 years, and believe him perfectly honorable in all business transactions and fin ancially able to carry out any obliga tion made by their firm. West & Truax, Wholesale Druggists, Toledo, O. Walking; Kinnan & Marvin, Whole sale Druggists, Toledo, O. Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken in ternally, acting directly upon the blooJ and mucous surfaces of the system. Price 75c. per bottle. Sold by all Druggists. Testimonials free. To Trout Fishermen, Now that the trout fishing season has opened it might be well to imform those of our readers, who are given to that sport, as to a few legal points re lating to the catching of trout. In the first place the speckled beauties dare be taken with a rod and line only. No nets or snares are allowed in their catching and anyone who uses the latter is amenable to the law. Then it is illegal to catch trout for sale, and the fisherman who thought they would defeat this aim of the law by hiring to fish by the day will find themselves met with the prohibition of that also, as no one is allowed to hire another to fish for him. It is also illegal for common carriers to trans port trout. Thus it will be seen that there is to be a stop put to fishing for profit. If you want a mess of trout the law allows you to catch them, but if you oiler any for barter or tor sale it will mete prompt punishment for the offence. The law is a good one and we hope every sportsmen in this vicinity will take an interest in having it enforced. Ax. Sons of America. Nominations Made in the National Session at Pottsville. The national session of the com mandery general of the Sons of America convened on the 23rd ult. in Shenandoah. Delegates were pre sent from Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, New York, Colorado, and Louisiana. The sessions were presid ed over by Commander General J. Harry Hughes of Philadelphia. 1 he following officers were placed in nomination : Commander, General A. Bier, Port Carbon : senior vice commanders, S. Lincoln Brown, Shenandoah ; James Hobb, Phila delphia; junior vice eommander, C. E. rrantz, Lebanon; recorder, h. b. Steer, Philadelphia j treasurer, ti. G. Shieler, Shamokin; Chaplain, S. M. Helms, Reading ; inspector, Reuben Smith, Catawissa ; guards, John G. Eckert, Reading and Elmer Becker, St. Clair ; picket, H. K. Strouse, Catawissa ; financiers, E. K. Bailev, J. II. Stallnecker and E. H Kleck, Shenandoah ; G. II. Elvator, Renovo, and J. H. Shelley, Hazleton. A Skeleton in the Closut. How often do we hear of this in domestic life at this day. Hut what is more appalling than the living body made repulsive with skin and scalp diseases, salt. rheum, tetter, eczema and scrofulous sores and swellings. Dr. Tierce's Golden Medical Discovery is the positive cure lor all ot these diseases. If taken in time, it also cures Lung-scrofula, commonly known as Pulmonary Consumption. Uy druggists. Keyser, N. C. Dr. K. V, Pierce : Dear Sir When about three years old I was taken with mumps, also had fever, finally I had that dreaded disease Scrofula. The most emi nent physicians in this section treated me to no avail. I had running scrofulous sores on left side of neck and face. I was small and weakly when eight or nine years old, and in fact was nearly a skeleton. Six bottles of Dr. l'ierce's Golden Medical Discovery wrought marvelous changes. Although the sores were healed in eight months, I did not quit taking it until I was sure it had been entirely routed from my system. The only signs left of the dreadful disease are the scars which ever remind me of how near death's door I was until rescued by the " 1 iscovery." 1 am now eighteen years old and weigh 148 pounds 5 and have not been sick in five years. Yours respectfully, llAKVKV M. IIOl.I.KMAN, Agt. for Seaboard Air Line. l-'or constipation Pierce's Pellets. and headache, use Dr. Children Cry for Cher's Castorla. Pit THE COLUMBIAN, THE REVIEW OF TRADE. DUN & CO. SAY THE STEADY GAIN IN IN DUSTRlES AND THE RISE IN SPECU LATIVE MARKETS HAVE NOT CEASED. ALL GAINING WITH SAFETY. R. G. Dun & Co.'s weekly review of trade says : Neither the rise in speculative markets nor the steady gain in industries has ceased, and it is wholesome that there are fewer signs of hesitation in the productive industries than in speculative prices. Wage strikes grow more numerous and cause some trouble, and retail demand lags behind wholesale sales and jobbing purchases behind pro duction in some branches, but through many conflicting reports the fact shines out that the industries are gain ing not with a rush and a whirl, but with safety. It is less clear that railroads are increasing their earnings, or that the production of cotton will be increased by the advance of one and three eighths cents in price, or that corner ing short sellers of wheat will help to market the large surplus. But revival of activity in all these directions, it possibly excessive in some respects helps confidence to take the throne so long held by distrust. Recovery is not often mathematically quotable. When the load of depression is lifted and men find that better things have come to slay, there must be many contradictory changes. Quite a numbr of works have ad vanced wages during the week, but strikes to compel an advance, possible for some but not for others, have grown much more numerous. Some shops are closing for want of orders, but a larger number are resuming work. Prices of shoes and cotton goods are rising. Wool and woolens are lower. Iron production, stimu lated because ore, coke and oil were to be dearer, is retarded by shrinking demand for products, for on the whole new business is said to be smaller than in February or March. The structural demand for buildings throughout the county was never larger. 1 he frenzy in oil has started a large demand for pipes, and sheets have slightly ad vanced. Rails are Ftagnant, though a shade better at Chicago. Wire for fencing, for rails and wire rods is so dull as to be scarcely quoted, and bar, though lifted a shade, meets no increased demand. Bessemer pig is lower, and sales of Southern pig in Northern markets have been large at twenty five cents advance. Finished products are nearly all at their lowest prices. London bought about $6,ooo, 000 worth of stocks and bonds here this week. But the coal roads again failed to agree and the lowest prices of the ytar prevail for that product. The aggregate of all roads reporting in April is but 16 per cent better than last year and 13 4 per cent, less than in 1893. Failures for the week have been 230 in the United States, against 179 last year, and thirty-seven in Canada, against twenty-six last year. Division of a Fraction by a Fraction. Editor Columiiian. Dear Sir : This subject seems to attract some attention. X. Y. Z. said in your last paper, "The example given is, divide by J and the answer is eight ninths. " 1 he assertion that follows that the value of the fraction is increased is an error." There are always at least three terms in division, divisor, dividend and quotient. It is generally understood that the quotient is less numerically, or in value than the dividend. How is it in the example, ' divide j by J ? ' being the dividend and f the divisor, the quotient is eight-ninths. Now $ twenty four thirtysixths, twentyseven thirty- sixths and the quotient, eight ninths thiitytwo thirtysixths. In this example the quotient is greater than either of the terms of the dividend, or divisor. Will X. Y. Z. explain how it is that the value of the fraction is not increas ed ? No one disputes with X. Y. Z. that " 2 is contained in i J times," neither that, "3 is contained in 93 limes," and that there is no increase in value in either case, but a decrease of value. He further asserts, "If you take tractions of the same denominator's you can divide without any inversion $-s- i. In this last example the quotient 1 is greater than either the dividend or divisor, which is . Will X. Y. Z. explain why the quotient in division ot a iraction by a traction is greater than either of the terms of the dividend or divisor. 1 here must be some principle that will admit of an intelligent explanation, why there is an addition to the quotient in excess ot the dividend in division of a frac tion by a fraction. A. B. A Minister's Experiunce Disease. With Heart Rev. L. W. Showers, Elderton, Pa. "for many years my greatest enemy has been organic heart disease. From uneasiness aDout the heart, with pal pitation, it nail Developed into tiuinip ing, lluttering, and choking sensations Dr. Agncw s cure lor the Mean gave instant relief. A few bottles have ri( me of almost every symptom of hear disease. It is a wonder worker." Sold by Wm. S, Ris'nton. 6-15-1 BLOOMSBURG. PA. A Building And Loarj Bill. Senator Mitchell, of Jefferson, amended his bill relating to building and loan associations in such a way as to effectually prevent such associations organized or incorporated outside of the state from doing business within it, should the bill become a law. As introduced the measure made it un lawful for any building and loan asso ciations to establish and maintain offices or employ agents to solicit or receive subscriptions in counties other than that wherein their principal office is located under a penalty of a fine of $1,000 and an imprisonment not to exceed three years. As amended the measure makes it unlawful for foreign building and lo. n associations to establish or maintain offices for the transaction of business in this state or to employ, authorize or pay any person or persons to solicit or receive subscriptions to the capital stock of such associations. The bill further provides that it shall be un lawful for any person or persons to receive such subscriptions and the penalty for a violation of its provi sions is fixed at a fine not to exceed $500 and an imprisonment not to exceed two years. VALUEDESDoIiillEHT. SeiiAc.HTicoKE, N. Y. It is ignor ance rather than anything else that makes life miserable, but ignorance of the value of Dr. David Kennedy's Favorite Remedy does not exist in Schaghticoke to day, as a blood medi cine and nerve tonic it stands supreme. One of the principal reasons for its populaiity comes from the great bene fit our fellow townsman, Andrew Sip per cy derived from its use. Mr. Sip perley has suffered for years past, with a chronic kidney trouble, frequent bilious attacks, and at intervals with violent neuralgia in the head and face Up to last fall he rarely kniwa well day. At that time his wife who had learned of the good Dr. Kennedy's Favorite Remedy had accomplished, determined to have him use it. In writing about his sickness, Mr. Sipncr lev says " For several years I was subject to attacks of kidney trouble and gravel, which was attempted with most ex cruciating pain, but since I began the use of Dr. David Kennedy's Favorite Remedy I have had no serious trouble, and my general health is greatly im proved. I know of a great many people about here who have used ravorite Remedy, and in every in stance benefit has followed. One of the officers of the Albany N. Y. Hospital recently said, in speaking of Favorite Remedy : " I know of its great medical value, and to my knowl edge it cures the diseases for which it is prepared." The great value of Dr. David Ken nedy's Favoiite Remedy lies in the fact that it dissolves the excess of uric acid in the blood. Such ailments as rheumatism, neuralgia, nervousness, and the sickness peculiar to women all come from this one cause. Fav orite Remedy dissolves this acid, thus curing the disease. In cases ot scrofula, diabetes and Bright's disease, it has cured where other treatments have failed. 2t. YOUNG SKATERS PEB.ISH. Tho Mystery of Months Cleared By A Dreadful Discovery. There was a sad sequel on the 24th ult. to a happy incident that occurred on January 7 last at Wilkes Barre. Upon that day Joseph Hill, aged 15, and Adeline Pettebone, aged 14, went gayly skating over the ice bound Sus quehanna River. hey became separ ated from their companions, who waited in vain for their return. No trace of them could be found. At first it was thought they had gone aw iy together, but this the parents would not believe. All doubts were set aside by the finding of young Hill's body at a point in the river opposite Plymouth. The skates were still on his feet. The two young skaters must have fallen through an air hole in the ice. Shooting Wild Ducks Unlawful. According to an act of May 17, 1883, it is unlawful to kill wild ducks or any other kind of web footed fowl, except on Mondays, Wednesdays and fndays, and then only from Septem ber 1 st to January 1st. The penalty lor violating the act is $25. As there have been a number of hunters killing wild ducks at all seasons of the year, this law against the practice will be news to many such violators. " Thore is daiigor in delay." Since 1861 I have been a great sufferer from catarrh. I tried Ely's Cream Balm and to all appearances am cured, lerrible headaches from which I had long suffered are t;one. W. J. Hitchcock, Late Major U. S. Vol. and A. A. Gen., Buffalo, N. Y lily's Cream Balm has completely cured me of catarrh when everything else failed. Many acquaintances have used it with excellent results. Alfred W. Stevens, Caldwell, Ohio. Price of Cream llalm is fifty cents. Children Ctyfcr Pitcher's Castorla. SULLIVAN CJOUNTY LAKES. Sullivan County has ten lakes. Of these Eaglesmere, or Lewis Lake, is the best known. Lake Oanoga, or Long Pond, is just as pretty and is the highest body of water in Pennsyl vania, being very nearly 2.400 feet above tide water. Then there are Rough's Pond, Rough's Little Pond, Hunter's Lake, Elk Lake, Mud Lake, Lake Mokomo, Lopez Pond and Pickeral Pond. There is good fishing in all of these lakes. Rheumatism Cured- Rheumatism is caused by lactic acid in the blood attacking the fibrous tissues of the joints. Keep your blood pure and healthy and you will not have rheumatism. Hood's Sarsa parilla gives the blood vitality and richness and tones the whole body, neutralizes the acidity of the blood and thus cures rheumatism. Hood's Pills are the best after-dinner pills, assist digestion, cure head ache. HUMPHREYS' Nothing has ever been produced to equal or compare with Humphreys' Witch Easol Oil as a curative and healing application. It has been used 40 years and always affords relief and always gives satisfaction. It Cures 'Pii.ks or IlP.MORRHoms, External or Internal, 151ind or Bleeding Itching and Burning; Cracks or Fissures and Fistulas. Relief immediate cure certain. It Cures Burns, Scalds and Ulceration and Contraction from Burns. Relief instant. It Cures Torn, Cut and Lacerated Wounds and Bruises. It Cures Boils, Hot Tumors, Ulcers, Old Sores, Itching Eruptions, Scurfy or Scald Head. It is infallible. It Cures Inflamed or Cakf.d Breasts and Sore Nipples. It is invaluable. It Cures Salt Rheum, Tetters, Scurfy Eruptions, Chapped Hands, Fever Blisters, Sore Lips or Nostrils, Corns and Bunions, Sore and Chafed Feet, Stings of Insects. Three Sizes, 25c, 50c. and $1.00. Sold by Drug ir Uu, or sent post-paid on rooelptof pric. Ill irllKKIS'lID. CO., Ill III WIIIUo u, H.w York. WITCH HAZEL OIL WHAT WILIv DO. IS NATURE'S OWN TOXIC. Etimulntcs the nppeMto nnd pro duces rcii't8!nuii Bleep. G1VFS VITM. STRENSTil TJ fcUBSIM MOTHEKS. Ciircliii wantinn dne.ir.?, stops nlRlit nwents, cuas. ;uuiiioat coubumption. lacreaaen strength find flash. HAKES P.ED, RICH BLOOD, Promotes healthy lung ticsvio. Vi':l Kivo tho pale nd puay the rosy clkCoku of youta. CURJJS ALL FEXLE COJiriV."!TS. Makes utronr, mea no J women of weaklings. ES IHSH TOKC PILLS Core all Vfcstlng Diseases and their sequences, BRONCHITIS, CONSUMPTION, &c. ThoTBrenftithffiitTnt1rtTini.itniiMtt) - 4 hnvo no conKulutinjc eil'oot ou tho oouteutt of the Btoniaoh or its lining; consequently do not hurt tho testa or oauee constipation or diarrhoea, as do tha usual terras of Iron. 10 days treatment 6O0, pamphlet free. If not Kepi Dy your druggist, address GILMORE & CO., .CINCINNATI O. For suie in uiooinnbunr. Pa., by itOYKti nnos., ELY'S CatarrH nni? r nil na'trwrrp is quickly al.sorbeiltWCfff AM RBAW .JCrtllB IMC Nasal Passages, Allays Pain and Inflammation, Heals the Sores, Restore the Sense of Tastj and smell. IT WILL CURE WAl"F.uVER A panicle 1h npiilifd Into eui'h nnxtrll and Is BKirtMiiie, ri'ii'u ati ci'iiiK 111 DniT'.' us: liv nial re;;!! en d, ' .;ia. liLY llKOTH lilts, 5ti Wunun Bl;., rt .1. mK 11 m W M m V m w li. l)lU hi.., N. V. fell. 2 5 A 1' J f- j j IRON I o GLMOR tySi mm Fine PHOTO GRAPHS and CRAYONS at McKillip Bros., Bloomsburg. The best are the cheapest. J. R. Smith & Co. LIMITED. MILTON, Va., PIANO By the following well-known makers 1 Clilckcring, Knabc. W cber, Hiillct & DuvIh. Can also furnish any of the cheaper makes at manufact urers' prices. Do not buy a piano before getting our prices. o Catalogue and Price lists On application. IS NOW IN COMPLETE WORK I NT. SHAI'E, and is prepared to nil an kinds 01 planing null orders, and foundry and machine work. lhe plant is well equipped, and all orders will be filled promptly. Shops on Sixth Street, West of Woolen Mill, 10 26 iy. FOR THE SCHOOLROOM 444 (fit's anvlkirit lutdii m school room ttv livi it. H't n HttJ' giurlrrsor BlaMoarJi, Dtikl tni Stall, CrtvOHt n.l Erasers, Mtps h,I Globes, Inks mud Informatio. H tit lelljrou, ,u can depend on. EwrrtkiHf ut sell ou is fuaraaleed. H't do uimu Ike " moner-haek" plan, and t do more business I'a any other hoiue in one line. H't wnt every body interested in school work to kovt our catalogue, so tit tarn do still more business. JCatalotutt frtt. 444 63 FIFTH AVE., NEW YORK Andrews thool urnishing ompany L'4444444444- FRAZER AXLE Best In the World! Get the Genuine! Sold Everywhere t GREASE ti'j uiuit DtrctDie MCRVIPR nnni ri.rri.il a ". .ton n " .---..1., iniltneretion. iir niKanuy " l",l'.vll .oim oBoaworl hi. BiiJ'. I' Kri-nlerpnilJ. In .0L' 'liiKftnltYiiiirt cmiMi D1.1 Don't UariruiruliitalmpuHO UK lKr Fr.K tt til I r L, -f nor, I per linx, or or tH. wi JJL", tl.f V rill,' 11 f luiiriiiitce to t 'lire or K'" i m......v. I'n.in.hl. i rrm. Bolilhy rtruK-i.".1''.- ilk ruu neouiHe tlyhMUKa l'Kif EU li:UICAI. A.HM'X. C IH"'- 8old by O. P. lUNiiLEU- PATENTS cavoutB and Trade Marks obtained, , nl I ,.'' Pnti-nt business coniluoted tor MuDbK1" i'ii'm nlPPU'W Tfl OPPflHTTH TI1K 17.1 P. PT' KNT OKKR'K. We hnvo no 8ub-fiir' imulm'.ulliwr. hl'IllW L'HIl tl'lUIKUt't lli nam In Ii-hs (lino ti nil Li-'ss Cool Umni uiom from WuHliliiKtou. 1 Hnnd mndi'I. drawing or photo, with Vies rig tion. Wo udvlMo It .(iU.fulilo or U"t,V"U clmiro. (mrft!H n i. 1uh till patent In "Vu,',r A UOOKi "IHIW U) OUIIIIIl I liii'inn, MiLi, -v - - en.'fs mi aci mil cllnii In your Sutle,Uouutyt " town, sent true. Adilrt'.- C. A. KNOW CO., Washington, li. (Onpaalio U. b l'utuut oUoe.) St lilt WM FOUR! AND MACHINE COMPANY 10UMJ-. LIU. Otliorn fall. Younitmon n-wuln ot n "''.'J.u'lir. men recover youthful vlpir. '"' i'uuiiif. anteed to cure KfnnaiWH, i'uu ir, Imimtency, Mirhlly i"',",on,l'""txi W": elliipr , t ulllnu Memory, " "ai nt a.'ir aims or e ii. . Wimla 11 Kli'S. 81 Lnlliu' i uub rv
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers