INAUGURATION DAYS. Historic Notes Apropos to the Coming Event of March 4. NINETEEN PEESIDESTS ELECTED. 0lxten Were InntiKuvntml on IMnrrh 4, Two on Murrti U Hint One on April 00. Curious Fart ToniliiiKto Create Kiiprrnll tlon Compnrlanu with Other Cnuntrlei. How IVlarrh 4 Came to lie Solnvted for Inauguration ly Curlom nml Inter eittlng Pacta Conneeteil with the Oceaiiloti. Copyright, lfMt, by Anurli mi l'res A snou lo tion. There Is an old story to tlio cflVct tbnt Benjamin I'ninklin delected tho 4th of March for inatiKiirntion day lirrnune in tho iitxt two centuries it would fall on Sunday Ickh often than any other day In the 1 year, and this ottdeinent lion crept into a few worka meant to be historical. It in, how ever, but one of the manv V- canes, like those of Nlotin and Idt's wife, in which a WASHINGTON, remarkahln anil interesting fact has gradually Riven rise to a legend to account for the fact. It is a pleasing story, but there la no proof of it whatever, and there ia almont conclusive proof to the con trary. It is certain that Franklin bothered him self very little about the distinction le tween sacred and seoular days, and disre garded it altogether in his daily life; that the conven tion of 1787 did not ilx the day, and in fact could have no means of foreseeing when it would be posaible to name day, and that when it be came possible by the ad hesion of the ninth state to the constitution the Con- Jon ADAMS, federation congress then in aeanton fixed the day by a sort of accident. And yet It is a fact, and a very curious fact indeed, that the day does very rarely fall on Sun day, though at first view it would seem that this day or any other day would do so one time in seven. Tho first day set was Wednesday, and the yearn 1800 and 1900 are, contrary to the four year rule, not leap years. The first day was Just eleven years before the cloae of the century, and thus it has resulted that the day has fallen on Sunday but three times iu the first hundred years and will not again fall oh Sunday till 1S117. Thereafter it will bo fall only in 145 and 1(C3 in the next century, the result JEFFERSOK. being Htich a conjunction only six times in the first two centuries of the government's existence, or once in thirty-three instead of once in seven years. But little less curious' was the result of the meeting of the first congress In 1731). As six congresses convened in tho hist cen tury and the seventh in 1801 it results that the calculation as to. the number of nny congress turns on the alleged "unlucky number" 13. Thus, to determine the num ber of any congress, add thirteen to tho year it first convened and divide by two the quotient is the number of the congress. Conversely, double the number of nny con gress and substruct thirteen, and the re mainder will be the year it convened. Ninety-one and thirteen un 101, the half of which is fifty-two the number of the prev ent congress. For the next century ndd 118, and so on. Though wc have had twenty-three pre ' dents, but nineteen weru formally inmi;. :. rated, and but sixteen of these ontliu Jth of March, if tho first time only be counted, for Vwi'li- ington took the oath tho lf'rti first -timo on April 30, and V"i" 't rr i ti. I k inaugurated on Monday, 'Jji. "wto. March B. The name is true WvVnJ of Monroe's second inaugu- '.A'v ration, but his first wus on the regular day. The sec- MADISOX. ond Adams, Pierce and Garfield were in augurated on Friday. Five inaugurations have been on Monday and five on Wednes day, and the coming one will make five on Saturday, no other day in the week having had more than three. It ia also a curious fact that, though the government is 101 years old and we have had twenty-three presidents, there were but eight in the first half of the period to fifteen in the second hulf, and a man who is today but half as old as the government has lived in the administrations of two thirds of the presidents. Thus from 1789 to 1837 tho average of a president's serv ice was six years eight months and seventeen days and a fraction, while since the latter year the average has been but three years and six months, and this despite the fact that two of the Into presidents were re-elected. Deduct the eight years of Grant, and the average of the others really appears alurmlngly short. The shortest service was that of W. II. Har risonone month and tho longest that of Grant, who buld the office eight years and a day, unless Indeed we adopt the facetious sugges- ----- Mru son reany governed during t , the 'nnminiLl Ajlmtnlutru. ' 4lr.ii nt Van I. t 'M also worth noting that of 'ff tne elgut presidents re-elect- " ea uucKson, j.incoiu aim '?ii Urant were the only ones " whose second inaugurations Q- ADAMS, were celebruted with much display, though it is certain that Cleveland's will soon fur nish a fourth case, and a notublu one. In truth, there are many things in the lutter's career which might justify a lit t le super stition in his case. No oilier American, save possibly Washington and Jackson, has had such uu extraordinary personal tri umph. Tho selection of March 4 was, as afore said, probably a sort of accident. On the Sd of July, 1788, the president of the Cou federation congress, then in session ut New York, notified that body that New Hump shire had ratified the constitution on tho 21st of June preceding, and as it wus tho ninth state to do so that instrument wus now by its own terms to become the su preme law. After prolonged debute con gress on tho llStu of Sep t ember, 1788, passed the following: . Resolved, That the flint Wednesday of Janu ary next (1786) be the day for appointing elect ors in the severul states which before the said day shall have ratified the uuid constitution; thut the first Wednesday iu i'ebruury nuxt be tho day for the electors to assemble in their re spective states and vote fur president, and that the lirst Wednesday iu March next he the time . and the present seat of cuugruM the place for MONROE. fa Ex mm commencing proceedings under tho said con stitution. From this it will le seen that there was exactly a month's time between each of tho threo very essential acts of appointing elect ors nssemrjnng ine elect- .'flo ors In their respective states 4t-!-,r5 .!, VI'lllllllTUVIII ceedings." As a matter of fact, tho first Wednesday in March, 1789, fell on the 4th, and three Tcnrs Inter (hat date was fixed upon for nil time. But there is nothing extant to Indicate any spe cial reason for it. In truth, JACKSON, it is at almost the worst season that could have leen selected, and nsthe matter is en tirely within thcdincretion of congress, and Washington was inaugurated the first time on April 30, the argument for a change to that date is strong. Kvcry render has hnd enough on tho first inauguration of Washington. Suffice it to repeat that tho day was Hue, that Chancel lor Koliert H. Livingston, of New York, administered the oath in tho presence of some 40,000 people, mid that V&lLl Jf the centennial celebration of that event 1n New York city in lSMH was a really wonderful success, on which VAN lil'HEN. occasion there wero more people In the city than at nny other time in its history. It was positively the only time, said the oldest inhabitants, when "the city crowd was completely over whelmed and lost In the country crowd." His second inauguration, in Philadelphia, Monday, March 4, 1703, presented an al most ludicrous contrast. Ho tixik the oath in the senate chamber in the presence of both houses of congress and made a brief address, and If anything unusual occurred the journals of the day failed to mention it. Nor was the Inauguration of John Ad ams on Saturday, March 4, 171)7, a particu larly impressive a (fair. Thomas Jefferson took the oath as vice presi dent in the senate chamlicr, pronounced a high compli ment on Mr. Adams, who had just vacated the chair, and then led the way to tho chamlicr of the house.wheru the inauguration took place. Almost every witness who has given any account of It w.n.HAnniaoN. says that all eyes were directed to Wash ington, and as Jefferson stood on tho other side, a rather tall and commanding figure, tho now president really seemed overshad owed. He spoke at some length, eulogized Washington very highly, denied quite em phatically that ha favored a stronger gov ernment than thnt ordained in theconstl tut ion and pronounced the oath after tho chief justice of the United States. Adams is distinguished in our history for many things, and one is, unfortunately, for being the first president who refused to par ticipate In the Inauguration A of his successor. It wiu In deed a very trying occasion for him. There have been some heated campaigns since, but none in which per sonal anlmosit les played so great a purt as in 1800. Nowo- POLK l,artisuI19 call each oth er "rebels," "traitors" and "enemies of American industry," "thioves" and "monopolists" or "cranks" and "Adul lainites," but It is chiefly Pickwickian. In 1800 they really believed it. So when Jef ferson was elected by tho house on the thirty-sixth ballot und after a desperate at niggle a deep groan ran through the Fed eralist party, mid Adams left Washington early in the morning of March 4, ISiil. This bad cMimph! was followed by his son iu l-'Jnud by Johnson in is;:). It is rather singular there should have been so much dispute about, the facts of Jefferson's iiiau;;uivt!on. It i.i clcurly proved that he i:. tended to yo in the Usual stale, vi! h a iiri.t;.'!' mid six horses, but the carriage ordered wir not completed ia t Me, Adams u fi;-c d the courtesy, as afore said, uud so Jefferson, the nttciiuimt mar shal mid a few others made the litt le t rip on horseback. 1 lis second inaugural ion had more style about it. On Saturday, March 4, 1800, Madison took tho oath in thu hall of t lie house, and tho only fact about it which excited much comment was that he was "clad in n suit of tlcijant black cloth en tirely of American manufacture." Ihe next four inaugurations wero con ventional iu the extreme. Thut of 181 wus on Monday, March 5, us then, for tho first tune, the regular day fell on Sunday. John ljuincy Ad ams revived much of the old and solemn ceremonial, but with him it onded, as the country had now out grown English and colonial forms. And as a great break followed, this is the proper place to give a list of the presidents regu larly inaugurated, with date of birth, in auguration and death, and to note the in terregnums filled by vice presidents: George Washington Feb. 23, 1732; April 30. 170; March 4, 17(U; Dec. 14, 17W. John Adams-Oct. IV, 1785: March 4, 1707: July 4, itew. Thomas Jefferson April 2, 1743; March 4. 1801; IMA; July 4, 1&J8. James Madison March 14, 1731; March 4, Mi, 1H13; June W, 1KM. James Monroe April 38, 1758; March 4, 1817; March 5, 1821; July 4, 1831. John Uuincy Adams July 11, 1707: March 4, 1M; Feb. 15), HUH. Andrew Jackson March 15, 1707; March 4, IKiU; lKtt; June 8, 1S4A. Martin Van Huren Doc. 6, 1782; March 4, 1837; July 24, 18ttt. Willium Henry Harrison Feb. 0, 1773; March 4,184); April 4, 1841. John Tyler interregnum. James Knox l'olk-Nuv.2, 170S; March 4, ISM; June IA, 1MU. Zachary Taylor-Sept. 34, 17SI; March 6, 1810; July I), 1850. Millard Fillmore Interregnum. Franklin Pierce Nov. ), 1W; March 4, 1663; Oct. 8, lMOt). James Huchanan April 13, 1701; Murch 4, 1837; June 1. lKttt. Abraham Mneoln-Feb.12,1800; March4,l831; ltxi!; April 13, Andrew Johnson Interregnum, VlyssesKlmpson Grant April 27, laiJ; March 4. INK): 1H73: July SI, IK'S. Ilutherford Hirchurd Hayes-Oct. 14, 1822; March fi. 177: Jan. 17. 1803. James Abram Garlleld Nov. 10,1831; March 4, lssl; Kept. 10, 1H81. Cheater Alan Arthur Interregnum. Grover t.'leveland March is, 1W7; March 4, 1N-.1, and to be inaugurated nun in junt eight years luter, the first case of the kind in our his tory. Hcnjamln Harrison Aug. SO, 1833; Murch 4, 18MI. After Murch 4 next he will lie the only living ex-president, as his successor and prede cessor now is. The fuct that three presidents died on In dependence Day is indued extraordinary. As but twenty-one have died the chances of one's death on taut uuy are not auite as one in eighteen, of two still fewer, and of three not one iu hundreds. Jiut that two should die on the same duy and a third but five years later, and tho' two signers of the jJeciara tiou. the chances are so re- riERCE. niote as to be scarcely caica lable. Yet it hgppencd.. .Vice President TAYLOU. BUCHANAN. tlamlln nlso died on that day. Nearly all the presidents have lived to an advanced age, ns It was natural they rhould bo moil of great vitality and temperate lives to at tain tho honor. John Admits wns the old est, lacking but a few weeks of nini ty-onc, while, omitting Lincoln, killed at fifty-four, and Garfield, killed within n few weeks of fifty, the youngest dyin was Polk ut fifty four. Another curious fact Is that, Including tlie presidents of the senate who succeeded to the functions of the office, there have been more vice presidents than presidents to wit, thirty-four, though Clinton, Tomp kins, Calhoun and King ouch served in two ndministr.it ions. From Adams tho father to Adams tho son, ns aforesaid, the inaugurations wero mild nlTalrs, hut Jackson came in with n breeze, and the occasion was indeed breezy. He set thu example of taking the oath on and delivering the inaugural from the east front of tho Capitol, and then, making all reasonable deductions for the partisan spite of those who described it, the scene which followed did Indeed "beggar description." The largest crowd seen in Washington down to that time was in lit tendance, ami tho mud was, In southwestern phrase, "half bootleg deep," on Pennsylvania avenue. Through that mud the crowd rushed to the White House, where all the doors wero thrown open and punch served out in bar rels, buckets, tubs and even, so the opposition said, wash basins. F.very room In the house was crowded, and men with heavy nud muddy boots stood on the finest chairs and sofas to see what was going on In front. Lamps and furniture were broken, and punch spilled till the house was a wreck. Soon after there was a levee at which a cheese weighing 1,400 pounds (a present to Jack son) was cut up and served. The stmgglo for pieces resulted in a smash of furniture; liquor was spilled and cheese trodden into tho carpet, while ladies huld dainty hand kerchiefs to their noses and foreign diplo mats looked on in undlsgulsod horror. Daniel chetorsaid the place looked like republican pulaco taken b siege and sacked by tho victorious enemy, but Ben ton, Felix uriuidy and men of that class thought it just ns well to "let tho boys have their way once in four years." It was tho lost scone of the sort, though Jack son's second inuuiruratioii f3 p B',to attrap'oa' a large crowd. X IIU UuA w UHIUUIH.IVU VI Van Buren in 1837 was comparatively tnmu affair, but in 1841 the higs houorcd Harrison with a grand ral ly. Thcnco to Lincoln each inauguration was much like Its predecessor, and mine presented features of unusual interest. Tho crowds, however, continued to Increase, and the procession which followed Buchan an reached noarly from the Capitol to the White House. This was tho end of tho old regime. Lit tle as the great men of tho day suspected it, tho old repuhllu was, practically, soon to ass away, and bo repluced by one of vastly increased and centralized powers. In all tho great speeches and state papers down to lstil one finds tho federal union referred to indifferently as the Union or tho confeder acy. Thus President Pierce in his inaugural said, "The security and repose of this iinfederacy forbid interference or colouiz.i ion by any foreign power." And Presi lent liiichuimn in his .aid, "Let every American reflect upon tho terrific evils which would result from disunion to every portion of the cor.fedentcy." What n stunn Mich use of that word would now raise! The impending chaui.e was indicated on Match 4, iStil, by thu first military disyl.iy f real conseou el ;cc ut nn inauguration. I hero were sharp1-hooters on the housetops ulna.; the avenue as Mr. Buchanan and Mr. Lincoln rode slowly to the Crpiiol: there wire fs squad.) of cavalry to guard G1IAXT. 3' ItAYi 111 OARF1ELD. thrift how the visitors sat t lf!&' night through ou chnirs, benches in the parks and Heart Failure. Nearly every sudilen death lhat oc curs, and they seem to be on the in crease, is ascribed to "heart failure.'' It has appeared to us that death is al ways from heart failure, whether it comc3 suddenly, or after a protracted illness, for when the heart ceases to beat death inevitably follows. Dr. Johnston of Washington was recently asked the question : "How do men die of heart failure ?" "They do not," said Dr. Johnston, "except as they might also k said to die for want of breath. It is an ex ptession employed solely by unintelli gent or careless men in ascribing a cause of death. Suppose you hail pneu monia and strangled to death. To be sure, you would die for want of breath, but pneumonia would be the cause of your death. Or, if you received a fatal blow on the head, a state of coma would ensue, during which the action of the heart would become weaker and weaker, finally ceasing altogether Still you would not then have (lied of heart failure, but of injury indicted on the brain. Again, you have a distinct disease of the heart latty degenera. tion, say. As the accumulation of fat increases the heart fails more and more in the performance of its func tion, and in the end fails utterly. Now, you have not in this case died of heart failure, but of a well recog nized disease of the heart. In all these cases, it is not the failure of the heart which is the cause of death, but a disease of some particular vital or gan. "But suppose you have a disease o the kidneys, which are not vital organs. In such a case there will always exist some associated disease of a vital or gan which is the immediate cause of death. It may be of the lungs. It is more often of the heart, as it was in Mr. Blaine's case. At a certain stage of the disease the heart failed. It grew weaker and weaker until its act ion was at times momentarily suspend ed beyond possibility of revival. Thus, tSe intelligence was conveyed all over the world that Mr. Blaine died of heart failure. & B, BOBBINS, DEALER IN Foreign and Domestic WINES AND LIQUORS. Bloomshurq, Pa. . "Well Hred, Soon Wed," Girls Who UHe "He looks uneasily at his flanks; won't lie down and straddles when standing or walking." "Inflamation of the kidneys. Give him the usual dose of Bull's IIead Horse and Cattle Powder." T tho street crossings, und squads of infantry aloii'C the route; there were trust y villcinen ut tho upper win dows of the Capitol und urtillery to the right of tho cat.t front, commanding tho crowd to which tho new president i-poUo. It wus a nad prexngu. General Scott was savagely criticised for these urrangomeiits, but subsequent event! justified him. rsince that date thu military has formed an important part of every inauguration, and ut Grant's second induction, March 4, 18,;!, the display wus such as to excite tho udmiratiou of foreigners accustomed to t ho finest exhibits of London, Paris and lierlin. But it was fntul to some of tho partici pants nud to many specta tors. Tho day has a bud pre eminence as themnst inclem ent of any inauguration day in our history, i roin dawn till dark a northwest wind so keen and cold thut it seemed to chill even tho bones blew with out an instant's cessation. Scores of sol diers and sailors who had to stand long In pluce were prostrated in consequence, whllo spectators suffered so much that the aver age mortality of the city for a short time after is said to have been notably increased. Far otherwise was It at tho inauguration of Cleveland, on which occasion by fur the greatest crowd ever seen there wus assem bled in ashington. Cor respondents celebrated the occasion in many hundred columns. Citizens of Wash ington still tell with glee how the visitors sat the on and on the steiis of oublic build ii.iiiti,a..i. itigs, us tho weather wus fine and all the hot els overcrowded, nud rail road managers tell with pardonublo pride bow they got the hundreds of thousands to their homes In fairly good season. Hut all theso und other incidents of recent inuu- giiruilnuH are still fresh in the public mind. In conclusion, a few comparisons are jus tifiable. We havo had twenty-three presi dents iu 101 years, w hilu Homo hud, dis carding minor contestants, til vt v'l'i in . citif u.w ii-u ill f.lia .j I (:-.... t Uvllnin l..,u '!) 1 hod. W'inniuiz with Wll-f!'? limn lltH (!(iii(tut'l'or. five sovereigns in tyil years. Of presidents in Mexico, & lluytl and South America, ' t It would bo idlo to inuke au " estimate. Yet two of our u. iiakuihov. presidents have been assassinated, and an other, Jackson, only escaped that fate by an accident which apparently would not happen one time in u thousand. Another escaped impeachment by but oue vote. Ou thu whole, though we muy justly claim an Improvement over tho dark pust, j et there Is nothing to make us boast. Our govern ment is by no means exempt from the evils which alllict othe.' uutions. J. II. Beadle. A man feels proud when he is work ing his way up to the top, but he teds different it his necktie undertakes to do the same thing. All free. Thorn who h.ivi iiQHfl llr Ivinrr'e - - 1 - - - Ww 1 lismeore t ni iw itw v;i!n. nml those who have rot, have now the opportunity to try it Free. Call on the advertised DruL'diit and ;et a I'nal lldttli h'ref S-nil vcotr n:imo - - 1 - - anil rwlibi'C!: tr I f Thiol: li-n X- f',i Chicago, and j:ct a sample bos of Dr. f - '. . . V I ' l' 7 I ' I 1 1 V. . . ... 11 ... i-.n s .eiv j.iie i in i rce, as wen as a copy of Guide tj Health am! Household Instructor. Tree. All of which is f'uavanteed to do rood and cost ymi nothing. C. A. Kleim's Drug Miiie. Stranger Why do you put tho choir bo high up in tho gullory ? Deaeou liccause the bass has such a deep voice that if he was below uo body could hoar him unless thoy But iu tho cellar. Puck. In the Hunt. "Is young Moneygotter fond of hunt ing?" Tshaw, no ; the only thing he evor chases is the nimble siiponoe." Eidor and Driver. Ha Ut Out. She mnde a lovely little quilt. A trifle, for the fair. Bat wheu bar husband saw the bill H climbed the golden stair. The Scientific Arnercan, or Town Topicn for the coming year can be obtained cheap at this office. tf. Woman s Influence. Delicate women may exert much influence, but little in camparison with what it would be with abundant health. The wife wants health that she may be the companion of her husband and her family. Beware of dizziness, sudden faintness, irritability, backache, nervousness, extreme lassitude, depression, exhaustion, excita bility, and sick headache. - These are sure indications of female weakness, some derange ment of the uterus or womb ; they are danger signals, which warn you to avoid a hie ot mis ery. Lydia E. Pinkhanis Veg- I e table Compound goes to the root of the trouble, and drives dis ease from your body. All drwrnlKU art It. t Ailclrtb& in ronliilence, l.VOIA li. PlNKMAM MuD. Co., I.VNN, Mam. Lyiii E. PinUhnm'a ?.,..G (P:SS. ... Li V0r filla. So oou ta. y"" Afx" SAPOLI0 urc Quickly Slurried. Xry it in Your Next House-Cleaning. ALEXANDER UltOTJIEllS & CO. DEALERS IN Cigars, Tobacco. Candies, Fruits and Nuts SOLE AGENTS FOR Ileury Maillard's Fine Candies. Fresh Every Week. H?3L2TT"2" aoor3 j Specialty. SOLE AGENTS FOR F.F. Adams & Co's Fine Cut Chewing Tobacco Bole agents for the following brands of Cigars- Hanry Clay, Londros, Normal, Indian Princoss, Samscn, Silver Asb Bloomsburg Pa. IF YOU ARE IN NEED OF CARPET, JJIATTINO, or OIL CLOTH, YOU WILL FIND A NICE LINE AT W. H. BEOWEM 2nd Door above Court House. A large lot of Window Curtains in stock. ewelry and Silverware. The time was when the people of this community were obligtd to send away for certain kinds of fine p;oods. Now they can obtain at home slrr.ovt anything they want. Is it a fm"t:r rinir ou want? LOUIS the XIV RINGS can be found at our store in reat variety. Is ir, cut las von want : We have a larte assortment of DORFLiNGER'S CUT GLASS GOODS. Is it imported china you desire ? Call and see our VASES, AFTER-DINNER COFFEE CUPS, CHOCOLATE CUPS, TLATES, BON1JON BOXES, &c. Ladies' Gold Watches from $i 2 up Gents' Gold Watches from $12 up, Chains, Rings, and all kinds of Jewelry. n silverware we have the largest and Finest assortment in the county, lea sets, Water sets, bnaving mugs, cups, Cake baskets, Uutter dishes, Varying sets, and much more than we have space to tell of. In novelties we have Tie clasps, Stamp boxes, Bon-bon boxes, Pin trays, Cigar sets, Picture frames, Individual castors, and all the latest goods in this line. Onyx and Marble clocks,and all other kinds of clocks in great variety. An inspection respectfully requested before you make your selections. J. G. WELLS, Bloomsburg, Pa. NEXT DOOR BELOW THE POST OFFICE. UCCE CAN BE ACHIEVED In Any Business by . Untiring; Industry, Careful Economy, AND Judicious Advertising. Ioad to Opulepee Ijes r(r;ee-Deep Jtyroul? prior's lift. , 0 THE POSITIVE CURE. ELY BllOTUBKS, M Wwtm Bt,HtT York. Price to eU.1 1 wi
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers