EDFORD PA., FBIMF, JUSM , 1865, PEACE—ITS DUTIES AND RESPON SIBILITIES. From the stern duties imposed by the ne cessities of war, it is a pleasure to turn to the consideration of the less dangerous though not less responsible duties of Peace. While a certain degree of physical courage is required to face the deep-mouthed can non and bristling bayonet, courage of a like degree, but of a higher type is often requir ed in the faithful discharge of many of the duties and responsibilities of peaceful life. The man, whose heart never failed him at the head of a forlorn hope, oft-times lacks the moral courage to do right, because it is right, when it happens not to meet with the ap proval of his associates. He, who could face death in all its horrid forms on the bat tle field, is often found to quail before the jeers of his companions, when called to discharge some duty, binding in con science but not enforced by strict rules of law. * Peace has been restored to onr borders, but it bas brought with it many important questions of public interest, in the settle ment of which, clear heads, strong minds and eloquent voices will be needed, but even above these, is the need of men of high moral character and unimpeachable integri- Ty, with clear and well defined ideas of right and wrong and the moral courage to do right without fear or favor. Our whole po litical fabric needs purification and reorgani zation. We have providentially been saved from national destruction and disintegra tion. Now that the danger is past let us look at the perils we have escaped. What is the record of political parties of every description? Who have controlled the nominations of every party? Has it been the bone and sinew of the land, the moral, the upright and the virtuous elements of society? .Alas! no! The frequenters of the grogshop, the gambling saloon and pla ces even worse have oft-times controlled the nominations of our candidates and given us gamblers, drunkards and libertines to fill the high places of the land. In how many pla ces are we represented by such men, a dis grace to the community who elected them to office and a blot upon our national es cutcheon. The appalling fact, that a very large proportion of those elected to legisla tive and municipal stations, habitually make merchandise of the public rights and inter ests committed to their charge, is not divest ed of its peril by adjurations to silence nor by affectations of ignorance. Whether we speak or forbear, the crime, the shame, the danger remain.s Why are these things so? Where is a remedy to be found for this great evil? They are so because a number, of the better class of citizens, sufficient to control their action, have never taken an ac tive interest in the management of political parties; as a consequence the worse elements of society have controlled them in their own interests. A tew good men have always been found, but they have been the excep tion and not the rule and have seldom been in sufficient numbers to stem the tide of in iquity. The ouly remedy is for the better class of citizens to take the initiative and assume the control of political organizations. As long as this class stands aloof, whether because they are too eagerly engaged in pursuit of the almighty dollar, or feel them selves too good and pure to engage in such things, just so long will they have reason to lament the iniquity and corruption in the political world. It is a great mistake for the good, moral, honest, upright men. who give character to the community, to stand aloof in this matter. They have the great est interests at stake—and in a republican government like ours, it is not enly the in terest and the privilege, but the duty of ev ery good citizen, from the minister of the gospel down to the humblest in the land, not only to vote but to take an active interest iMsMss! tions and see that men are nominated to offi ces of profit and trust, of whom we need not be ashamed, but in whom, we can rely for sobriety, honesty and uprightness and a conscientious discharge of every duty de volving upon them. The idea that the church member, the moral, upright and vir tuous citizen should not meddle in politics is a false one and has long been the bane of our country. It is a sickly sentimentality working evil and evil only, and the sooner it is exploded the better. Until snch men enter the arena of politics in sufficient num bers to control it, it will continue to be de grading and corrupt. It is in their power to elevate it and make it honorable by taking part in and controlling it, and thus, and thus only can we secure ourselves from the cor ruption and venality which have for years pervaded and disgraced every sphere of po litical action. RECONSTRUCTION. The process of reconstruction likely to prove a tedious and somewhat trouble some task. The result of the Virginia elec tion shows the difficulty of so adjusting the matter as to insure a predominance of loyal men. The President's proclamation does not seem likely to exclude a sufficient num ber of unrepenting rebels to secure this most important object. Unless some other means are devised, the rebellious states will in all probability be reorganized with Gov ernments hostile to the Union. A question arises here as to the propriety of regarding the Constitutions of the South ern states as still binding and only suspend ed for a season in their operations. Under the necessities created by war, the General Government has abolished slavery in all the rebel states, though it is instituted and guaranteed by the state constitutions. Why should it refrain from also regulating the right of voting? If one part of the state constitution is to be ignored or disregarded, why not, with the same necessity existing, also disregard another, which stands quite as much in the way of successful reconstruc tion ? If the the General Government can say who shall not vote by reason of bad con duct or crime, may it not also say who shall vote by reason of good conduct or loy alty? We believe, the 'question, as to the efiect of secession and rebellion on the Con stitutions, rights and privileges of the states and their citizens thereunder, has never been decided, May not a state forfeit it* I rights under the General Government with out being able to relieve itself from the penalties of its crime ? An individual, by his own wrong, may limit or destroy his own rights and privileges; but it never affects the right of those against whom the wrong is committed. We think that while the act of secession forfeits all rights guaranteed by the consti tution it can not take away the power and right of the General Government over the territory and citizens of such seceding state. With this view of the subject we hope to sec the Government grapple boldly with this most important question and so dispose of it as thoroughly to secure the government of the Southern states to true and loyal men. Such a course will not only secure the most permanent tranquility but also the most speedy recuperation of these exhausted states. If they are to be ruled in the spirit of slavery by parties hostile to the Union, they will continue to languish in hopeless poverty for years to come. On the decision of this question depends their future peace and prosperity. Let it be in the interest of freedom and loyalty and they will soon rise to a degree of prosperity such as they have uever before known. WHERE IS THE DIFFERENCE T The most amusing feature of this era. is the toady manner in which the Copperhead press throughout the country, are pouring their foul adulation and fulsome praise upon the head of President Andrew Johnson. Every thing did by him is just the thing did in the niche of time. They pat him on the back, with "that's right Andy! You're a capital fellow, Andy! We will stand to your back," and a thousand and one other pet phrases. By the by, however, one of the over zealous afraid some one will surpass him, over does the thing. The Somerset Democrat , edited by a queer chap named Hay, say 3 in his last issue : ''Mr. Johnson has already abolished that infamous oath of allegiance framed by Mr. Lincoln, which required the disaffected citi zens of the South to swear that they would support all the proclamations which the Pres ident has issued or may issue respecting sla very. Mr. Johnson requires nothing of them in the oath of allegiance, but simply to sup port the Constitutien and laws of the country. This is all that can justly bedemanded of them and had these easy terms been offered to the Southern people long since, the rebel armies would have been depleted and peace been re stored to the country long ago." To enable our readers to judge of the truth of this fulsome panegyric, we will quote the oaths respectively submitted by Mr. Lin coln and closely followed by Mr. Johnson. Mr. Lincoln in his Amnesty Proclamation, issued on the Bth day of December, 1863, promulgated the following oath: I, do solemnly swear in the presence of Almighty God. that I will henceforth faithful ly support and defend the Constitution of the United States, and the union of the States thereunder, and that I will in like manner abide by and faithfully support all Acts of Congress, passed during the existing rebellion with reference to slaves, so long and so far as not repealed, modified or held void by Con gress or by decision of the Supreme Court; and that 1 will in like mjtnner, abide by and faithfully support all proclamations of the President made during the existing rebellion having reference to slaves, so long and so far as not modified or declared void by decis ion of the Supreme Court. So help me God. Mr. Johnson in the Amnesty Proclama tion issued by him under date of May 29, 1865, authorizes the following: I, do solemnly swear, or affirm, in the presence of Almighty God, that I will hence forth faithfully support and defend the Consti tution of the United States, and the Union of the States thereunder, and that I will, in like manner, abide by and faithfully support all laws and proclamations which have been made during the existing rebellion with reference to the emancipation of slaves, so help me God. Where is the difference ? The one was Is sued while rebellion was in existence, the other after it had been thoroughly crushed. The latter is an abridgement of the former containing every feature of the original, save the Supreme Court and Congressional ex ceptions. But Abraham Lincoln authorized the one and Andrew Johnson the other. There is the difference. There will not be quite so much difference after the reading ixu.-uc.stjr x reclamation. It is quite probable Andy will be cut by his Cop perhead friends. Amnesty Proclamations appear to be the order of the day. The last one to which our attention has been called, is head ed "Returning to the Fold." We opine that those rejected by Andy,s will be taken in by the one bearing the above caption. We pity the excepted class. General Grant's Congratulatory Address, Licutenant-General Grant has issued the following congratulatory address to the ar mies : WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJUTANT-GENER AL'S OFFICE, WASHINGTON, D. C., June 2, J 865. —General Orders No. 108.—Soldiers of t,hc Armies of the United States-By vour patriotic devotion to your country in the hour of danger and alarm, your magnifi cent fighting, bravery and endurance, you have maintained the supremacy of the Union and the Constitution, overthrown all oppo sition to the enforcement of the laws, and of the proclamation forever abolishing sla very, the cause and pretext of the Rebellion, and opened the way to the rightful authori ties to restore order and inaugurate peace on a permanent and enduring basis on every part of American soil, lour marches, sieges, and battles, in distance, duration, resolution and brilliance of results, dim the lustre of the world s past military achieve ments, and will be the patriotic precedent in defence of liberty and right in all time to come. In obedience to your country's call, you left your hemes and families, and vol unteered in its defence. Victory has crowned your banner and se cured the purpose of your patriotic hearts, and with the gratitude of your countrymen, and the highest honors a great and free na tion can accord, you will soon be permitted to return to your homes and families, con scious or having discharged the highest du ty ot American citizens. I o achieve these glorious triumphs, and secure to yourselves, your fellow-country men and posterity the blessings q|" fVpc in~ stitutions, tens of thousand of your gallant comrades have fallen, and sealed the price less legacy with their lives. The graves of these a grateful nation bedews with tears, and honors their memories, and will ever cherish and support their stricken families. (Signed.) U. S. GRANT, Lieutenant General. OfficialE. D. TOWNSENP, A. A. G. GEN. Gilmore has issued an order declar ing null and void the proclamations issued by the self styled Governors of South Caro lina, Georgia and Florida. Also declaring that the people of the black race are all free citizens of the United States and to be pro tected in the enjoyment of freedom and the fruits of their industry by the government. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. Reported Resignation of Mr. Stan ton.—Position of Minister to Berlin tendered hiM.— Resignation of Mr. Harrington.—Hijfieultg in the in terior ItejHirtnient.—(reus. 1 Grant, Thomas and Logan to visit New York.—The trial of the Conspira tors. —Probable Extra Session of Congress. NEW YORK, June 5. A speeial to the Tribune from AY ashing ton. 4th, says: It is reported on good authority to-night, that Mr. Stanton has resigned. This is not positively confirmed, but it is knowu that ne has determined to leave the cabinet very soon. There is a report afloat that the decision has been assisted by a violent col lision between the President and the Secre tary, both strong willed men, in which the latter indulged in his brusque manners, and the former took occasion to inform him that he, (Andy) was President of the United States. But it is said that there is not much in this, for the President assured a Major General yesterday, thatthe separation about to take place was only induced by the pros tration of Mr. Stanton, and by his exhaus ting labors. Mr. Stanton has been offered the position of Minister to Berlin, but the place is not deemed of sufficient importance. If his resignation be not already in the President's hands, it will be shortly. Mr. Harrington, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, has resigned peremptorily, and will go as Minister Resident to Berlin; in place of Mr. Fagg. He has engaged pas sage, and will sail by the first of July. It is also rumored that Mr. Field, anoth er assistant, is willing to accept some posi tion abroad. The difference of opinion existing between Secretary Harlan and Mr. Usher, his prede cessor, is very considerable, and is assuming a serious form. The new Secretary is ex amining, in a very impartial manner, the huge contracts which the retired officer signed just before leaving, and is demanding that they be re-established on the principles of equity and honesty. Against tnis rough criticism Mr. Usher protests, in behalf of his clients, making light, it is understood, before the President. The Interior Depart ment consequently is considerably ruffled just now. As one result of the complication, Judge Otto, Assistant Secretary, is leaving the Department. John Wilson, now Third Auditor, will succeed him. A special to the Times, dated Washington the 4th, says : A committee of three gentlemon from New YoA, consisting of Messrs. Rufus F. An drews, Gay 11. Peltonand Martin Thatcher, arrived here this morning for the purpose of inviting Generals Grant, Thomas and Logan to be present at the great meeting at the New \ ork Academy of Music, on Wednes day night.- The committee had an interview with General Grant to-day, and he has de cided positively to be present Ho will ar rive in New York on Wednesday morning and remain until Thursday morning when he will proeeed to West Point to attend the great fair there. It is positive also that Generals Thomas and Ixigari will also be present, though they have not yet given a positive answer to the committee. The conspiracy trial will occupy all the present week. The arguments commence on Wednesday, and it will be two weeks before the findings will be promulgated. It is asserted on creditable authority that the President is considering the propriety of convening Congress as early as the first of October. Secretary Seward was at the State Depart ment on Saturday. He was able to walk up I the steps, but required rest at each landing. FROM WASHINGTON The trial of Jeff'. lif wis.—Rebel Ma jority in the Virginia House of Delegates.—Amnesty Proclamation to be Modified.—The Mexican Ques tion. —30,000 Men, for the Rio Grande. —Anarchy in Texas. The Timed special correspondent says: There is reason to believe that the trial of Jeff". Davis will take place on or about the 19th ol this month, unless the defendant can make a showing of a necessity for post poning the hearing for a few days. It is reported that the rebels have a deci ded majority in the Virginia House of Dele fates, or members elected by re lie 1 votes, n many of the election districts there were but few Union soldiers, and rebel civilians had it all their own way. It is proposed to modify the Amnesty Proclamation so as to exclude from its ben efits all rebels whose property is valued at SIO,OOO, and upwards. This modification will increase the exceptions to one hundred ..j On fcKc. basis, the property of 25,000 rebels would be lia ble to confiscation. Calculation is made on the basis valuation of property in the South in 1860, treating Slave property as extin guished. Advices from Galveston to the 28th of May, by the blockade-runner Lark, state that the greatest confusion and anarchy reigned in that city and Houston. The Lark was robbed of her cargo taken there, and returned to Havana in ballast. General Magruder attempted a speech to the soldiers, but was hissed and silenced and was told by them that they had been hum bugged enough, and that they intended to settle affairs for themselves. FROM EUROPE. NF.W YORK, May 31.— The Persia, which left Liverpool on the 20th, and Queenstown on the 21st, arrived at 9 p. m. In the House of Commons on the 29th, Mr. Griffith asked Lord Palmerston, if his attention had been drawn to a proclamation offering SIOO,<HX) reward for the apprehen sion of Jeff. Davis, and whether the Brit ish Minister was prepared to make any rep resentations to the United States in "refer ence to the treatment of the Southern lea ders. Lord Palmerston said the only reply he could give was that Her Majesty's Govern ment have no intention of offering interfer ence in the international affairs of the Uni ted States. Received with cheers. The correspondent of the Morning lip oid asserts that the opening of recruiting offices for Mexico in New \ ork and Wash ington, created sensation. The Paris Moniieur refrains from any al lusion. Strange rumors were current at the Stock Exchange in London on the 19th, but though unconfirmed, had their effect. The most prominent was that Napoleon had been ur gently recalled to Paris in consequence of the prospect of American ageression upon Mexico, and that Maximillian had been shot Another Letter in Cypher. WASHINGTON, June 3.—The Star says: "A paper in cypher, found floating in the dock at Morehead City, N. C., May 2, has been turned over to the government officials, and has been literally translated. It com mences as follows: "WASHINGTON, April 15, 1865. —Dear John : I am happy to inform you that Pet has done his work well; he is safe, and old Abe is in hell. Now, sir, all eyes are on you: you must bring Sherman. Grant is in the hands of old Gray. Red Shoes showed a lack of nerve in Seward's case, but he fell back in good order. Johnson must come. Old Crook h&8 him in charge, Mind well that brother's oath, and you will have no difficulty; all will be safe, and we will enjoy the fruits of our }bor. (Signed,) ' ''O. B, NO FIRE." WASHINGTON, May 31, 1865. Gen. Sherman's Farewell Order To the Annies of Georgia and Tennessee is to-day promulgated. The following is a copy of the order: — HEAD-QUARTERS MILITARY DIVISION OF THE MISSISSIPPI, IN THE FIELD, WASHING TON, D. C., May 30, 1865.—Special field OT ders, No. 76.—'The General Commanding announces to the Armies of the Tennessee and Georgia that the time has come for us to part. Our work is done, and armed ene mies no longer defy us. Some of you will be retained m service until further orders, and now that we are a Bout to separate to mingle with the civil world, it becomes a pleasing duty to recall to mind the situation of national affairs, when but a little more than a year ago we were gathered about the twining cliffs of Lookout Mountain, and all the future was wrapped in doubt Three armies had some together from dis tant fields with separate histories, yet bound by one common cause —the union of our country and the perpetuation of the Govern ment of our inheritance. '1 here is no need to recall to your memoriesTunnell Hill, with its rocky face mountain, and Buzzard's Boost Gap. with the ugly forts of Dalton behind. We were in earnest and paused not for danger .and difficulty, but dashed through Snake Creek Gap and fell on Res aea. Then on to the Etowah to Dallas. Kene saw.and the heats of summer found us on the banks of the Chattahoochee, far from home and dependent on a single road for supplies. Again we were not to he held back by any obstacle, and crossed over and fought four heavy battles for the possession of the cita del of Atlanta. That was the crisis of our history. A doubt still clouded our future, but we solved the problem and destroyed Atlanta, struck boldly across the State of Georgia, secured all the main arteries of life to our eneuy, and Christmas found us at Savannah. Waiting there only long enough to fill our wagons we agaia began a march, which, for peril, labor and -esults, will compare with any ever made by an organized army. • The floods of the Savannah, the swamps of the Combahee and Elis to, the high hills and rocks of the Santee, the flat quagmires of the Pedee and Cape Fear Rivers were all passed in midwinter, with its floods and rains, in the face <i" an accumulating enemy and after the battles of Aversboro' and BentonviDe, we ouee more came out of the wilderness to meet our friends atGolds boro'. Even then we paused only long enough to get new clothing, to reload our wagons, and again pushed on to Kaliegh and beyond until wo met our enemy suing for peace in stead of w r ar, and offering to submit to the injured laws of his and our country. As long as that enemy was defiant, neither mountains nor riveiv, nor swamps, nor bun ger, nor cold had checked us; but when he who nail fought us hard and persistently offered submission, your General thought it wrong to pursue him further, and negotiations fol lowed, which resulted a.-, you all know, in his surrender. How far tht operations of the army have contributed to the overthrow of the Confed eracy and the peace which now dawns upon us, must be judged by others, not by us. — Rut that you have done all that men could do, has been admitted by those in authority, and we have a right to join in the universal joy that fills our land because the war is over, aud cur Government stands vindicated be fore the wotld by the joint action of the vol unteer armies of the United States. To such as remiin in the military service, your General need only reminds you that success in the past ajre due to hard work and disci - pline, and iltit the same work and discipline, arc equally important in the future. To such as go home he will only say that olir favored country is so .grand, so extensive, so diversified in climate, soil and produc tions that every man can surely find a home and occupation suited to his tastes, and none should yield to the natural impotence sure to result from our past life of excite ment and adventure \ou will be invited to seek new adventures abroad, but do not yield to the temptation, for ii will lead only to death and disappointments. Your General now bids you all farewell, with the ml belief that, as in war you have been good 4ldiers. so in peace you will make good citizens; and if, unfortunately a new war should arise in our country. "Sherman's amy" will be the first to buckle on the old armor and come forth to defend and main tain the Government of our inheritance and i choice. By order <f Major General W. T. Sher man. (Signed) . L. M. DAYTON. Assistant Adjutant General. Important Improvement in the Manu facture of Iron. Mr. John D. Williams, an intelligent prac tical iron worker of Manchester (one of the suburban manufacturing towns of Pitts burgh) called at our office and showed us the piece of iron spoken of in the annexed note from Mr. Win. Wade, Jr., of the Fort Pitt Foundry, the works where the great caiman are made, and one of the most extensive and nerfect establiihmtnts in the country. Mr. Wade writes ; FORT PITT FOUNDRY, ) PITTSBURGH, May sth, 1865. j JOHN I). WILLIAMS, ESQ. — Dear Sir: The specimen of wrought iron submitted by you for testing m May Ist, 1865, was sub jected fo a tensile strain of 166,900 pounds per square inch icilhout breaking. This is greatly in exefss of any endurance ever shown by ang ton ever tested that 1 have ever seen, hcaiil or read of. The greatest endurance eve! shown by any iron tested at this foundry wis from 65,000 to 75,000 pds., per square incl. The standard given by the 'U. S. Ordnance Manual" for the best ".Swedish" iron is 72,000 pounds per square inch. The simc authority sets down "east steel' at 128)000 pounds per square inch. The ultimate strength of the specimen sub mitted by you is unknown, as the weights of our testing mathioes were all exhausted when the above resfclt was reached. V ery respectfully, WM. WADE. JR. Mr. \V illiams informs us that the process by which this unexampled tenacity and strength is imparted to iron will add but about two dollars per ton to the cost of its manufacture. It is impossible to estimate the value of this improvement. It will add nearly 150 percent, to the strength of steam boilers, the thickness of plate being the same. Chains of equal tractile strength can l>e made of'less than half the iron now used. For suspension bridges it will be in valuable. The maximum strength of the best Swe dish iron is 72,000 pounds per square inch ; hut here is iron which Jul not break under a strain of 106,990 pounds. It was stretched and elongated, ana of course reduced in di ameter, just as wax or candy when in a soft state, is elongated and reduced in diameter when pulled. ]n this condition another grip was taken, when it broke. Its full strength was not ascertained. A patent has been secured for this im provement. It is chemical in its nature, and is applied in the boiling furnace. The iron, of which the piece which was tested, was made, was principally anthracite pig, with a small quantity of charcoal iron. Mr. VI illiams exhibited some specimens of hoop iron, made directly from the "muck billet, which for smoothness and apparent toughness we never saw surpassed. Also an inch square bar, bent cold, so short and close that it was perfectly doubled, without the slightest appearance of fracture.— Pittsburg Gazette. MRS. Jeff. Davis and family and Mrs. Clement C. Clay have been sept South, An Important Question before the Su preme Court. It may not, perhaps, be generally known to our readers that a very important case has been pending for some months in the Supreme Court of this State which involves verv important questions. _ In August 1864, a bill in equity was filed in the Court of Common rleas of Indiana county, which prayed that Court to declare the law author izing loans for bounties to volunteers uncon stitutional, and for an injunction against the Town Council of Blairsville to restrain the issue of bonds to those who had put their money to aid enlistments. This beautiful specimen of disloyal litigation received its quietus in Indiana county, by a dfeerec dis missing the bill. An appeal was, of course taken to the Supreme Court, and the ques tion argued before three of the Judges some months since. Judge Head was absent from indisposition, another member of the Court was holding the Nisi l'rius, and the three Judges who heard the argument being di vided in opinion, a re-argument was or dered. 11 was then for the first time that the public heard of the ease. Several prom inent citizens of Philadelphia deemed it proper that the pity which has ten millions of dollars at stake in the question, should be heard. At their request the solicitor ap plied to the Supreme Court for leave to be heard which was granted. The re-argument was commenced before the full bench of the Supreme Court, sitting at Ilarrisburg last Wednesday, and was con cluded on Thursday. The anti-county com plainants were represented not only by their original counsel, Messrs. Weir A Stewait, but by two ex-chief justices of the Court, the Hon. Walter H. Lowrie and the Hon. Jere miah S. Black. It was contended by these gentleman, that the law authorizing counties to borrow mon ey to aid enlistments, was void. 1 st. Because it was in violation of the Const itution of the United States. 2d. Because it was an order to decree for the payment of money, and therefore not a legislative, but a judicial act. 3d. Because it was in violation of the amendments of 1857 to the Constitution of Pennsylvania, prohibiting subscriptions to railroad companies, or the loan of money to anv corporation, association or "party.' fhe constitutionality of the law was main tained by Mr. Howard,of Pittsburgh,and by F. Carrol Brewster, Esq., City Solicitor of Philadelphia. The argument on both sides of the ques tion displayed great industry and learning. The Court reserved its decision. The amount involved is enormous, exceeding thirty mil lions of dollars. The Pest Plot. Each new development of rebel treachery and cruelty, seems to out-do its predecessors in infamy. The accomplishment of the act of Secession was a step in advance of Cal houni-m and Bully Brooksism ; the firing upon Sumter seemed to nut the climax up on the crime of rebellion; but Captain Semmes went a step ahead of Beauregard in wickedness and treachery; Fort Pillow threw both these distinguished scoundrels into the shade; while the starvation of help less pri -oners, the stealing of the clothing; sent them by their friends, and the mining of their prison-house, appeared to reach the highest possible bad eminence of wromr-do i.ig and cruelty. The assassination of the President seemed to be the final culmination of rebel wickedness: but the recent disclo sures - made in the case of Dr. Blackburn, in Canada, develop a fiendish savagery without a parallel in the record of the war, or in the history of the world. Trunks -of infected clothing from the yellow fever hospitals of Bermuda, were sent to the principal loyal cities, and to southern towns under Union rule, for the purpose of spreading death and misery broadcast throughout the land, and not only destroying the Union armies, but of sweeping tens and hundreds of thousands of non-combatant women and children to the grave, through the medium of a terrible disease. A specially infectious trunk was sent to the city ofWashington, and a valise packed with poisoned linen, was to he sent to the White House, in order to anticipate the bullet of Booth. The monstrous crimes of Southern rebels will dwarf all the misdeeds recorded in for mer history, aud the Black-Hole of Calcutta, the Gunpowder plot, Sepoy cruelties, and all historical regicides and rebellions, will sink into insignificance beside the towering crimes of Southern rebels.— Philadelphia Bulletin. Sherman and Stanton. The following disreputable scene is noticed in our Washington dispatches as occurring on the stand in front of the White House, and marring the great military review on Wednesday last: "Most of the gentlemen met Gen. Sher man as he entered the party, and grasped his hand. Secretary Stanton was seated be tween Grant and the President. Gen. Sher man approached the President, extending his hand, when Secretary Stanton rose and extended his. Gen. Sherman turned on his licel and seated hiuiselfat the further end of the platform, without even bowing recog nition." 1 f the scene be correctly reported, it pre sents Gen. Sherman, in a fit of peacock van ity, turning his back upon the entire North! Mr. Stanton has done neither more nor less in the premises than the people of the loyal States nave done with a unanimity hardly paralleled in the course of the war. Even the copperhead press joined in pronouncing Gen. Sherman's agreement with Johnston intolerable and inadmissable, and it was not till thev espied a political movement behind the scenes, that they gradually began to find apologies. Moreover, the act. of Secretary .Stanton was the act of the President and the Lieut. Gen. Therefore Gen. Sherman de liberately insulted them as well as the Sec retary of War and the twenty millions of people who equally condemn his negotiations with Johnston. If Gen. Sherman had been studying, since the lStli of April, how he could cover his friends with mortification, and put a fitting climax to his other fiasjo, he could not have chosen a more happy form and occasion than this. He has now added contempt to the condemnation which had been visited upon his action in North Caro linaj for he has advertised the public that he is no gentleman.— Chicago Trtyune. THE State election in Kentucky, which takes place on the first Monday in August, bids fair to be one of more than ordinary interest. The leading question will be the ratification of the Constitutional amendment abolishing slavery. One of the delegates to the last Congress a Mr. Harding threatens a new revolution if the constitutional rights of slavery are disregarded. His threats have not alarmed any one. The Louisville Journal' } though unable to see the wrong of slavery is strongly advocating the ratifica tion on the grounds of the unprofitableness of slavery, and enforces its arguments by an array of statistics, that reminds one of the efforts of H. R. Helper of "Impending Crisis', notoriety in the same good cause. PENNSVLVANIA VETERANS. —GOVERNOR Curt in has decided before the Pennsylvanian troops are mustered out, to fill up the vacan cies in all company and regimental organi zations by regular promotions in such com mands. His Excellency is now in Washing ton. personally attending to this important duty , and also examining the claims of those within the line of this promotion. By this arrangement many brave men who were deprived from promotion by the rigid enforce ment of the the order insisting on a maxi mum number in the commands, will receive the honors to which they were justly entitled and he mustered out with the commission* which they hv* so feirly earned. GENERAL WILSON, in a letter to Gov. Brown, who had complained of the colapse of the currency of the South, and the great destitution of provisions among the people, says he is instructed by the President to say to him that these evils were caused by trea son and insurrection, and rebellion against the laws of the United States, incited and carried on for the last four years by you and your confederate rebels and traitors, who alone are responsible for all the waste, des titution and want now existing in that State and what you call the result which the for tunes of war have imposed upon the people of Georgia, and all the loss and woe they have suffered, are charged upon you and your confederate rebels, who, usurping au thority, provoked war to the extremity, un til compelled to lay down your arms and ac cept the just penalty of the crimes of treason and rebellion. That the restoration of peace and order cannot be entrusted to rebels and traitors, that the persons who incited the war and carried it on, will not be allowed to assemble at the call of their accomplices to act again as the Legislature of the State, and again usurp authority, those who have caused so much woe will not he allowed power again to incite any fresh acts of treason and rebel lion. In calling the Legislature together again without permission of the President, you have perpetrated a fresh crime that will be dealt with accordingly, and if any per son presumes to answer or acknowledge your call, he will be immediately arrested. The new trade regulations for Savannah are working most satisfactory. Silver is plenty in Augusta for change, and green backs are at par. NEGRO SUFFRAGE IN CONNECTICUT.— The Connecticut Legislature by a two-thirds vote and over has adopted a Constitutional amendment striking out the word "white," and giving the negro the ballot. So far as its Legislature can speak for it, the land of steady habits goes for universal suffrage. It is a victory on the side of freedom that at any time would have been important, aud never more so than now. For as we of the North have a great battle to fight in order to secure suffrage to the negro at the South, it behooves us to clear our own skirts from stain as rapidly as possible. The amendment now goes to the people of Connecticut, and we have notice m ad vance from the Democratic party that it is to be resisted at the polls, rarty lines will be drawn tightly on that side against the amendment—we hope they will he drawn tightly on our side in favor of it. But we hope still more that the good sense of even' Republican as well as every Democratic vo ter, will teach him that it is alike impolitic and unjust to forbid his black neighbor to vote because he is black, and that a party avowedly based on moral ideas and devoted to firee principles has no business to turn its back on the cause of universal suffrage.— tf. Y. Tribune. REBEL SUPPLIES—The montreal H'tVneas publishes the report of General Sheridan, that he captured, with other rebel war ma terial, five Armstrong guns of evident Brit ish fabrication, and by its denial makes a bad matter no better —very considerably.— The JLJacis says: "It is in the highest degree improbable that the British government would act in such a glaring manner in opposition to their avowed poliey of neutrality. 2d. The Brit ish government has most distinctly denied having sent. Armstrong guns either to the Federals or the confederates." . The theory of probabilities must always yield to ascertained facts. The capture of the guns is proof of rebel possession. The mark on the guns is proof of their origin. The claim of the British government to their exclusive make and use is notorious. They must, therefore, have been granted to the rebels by the government of England. The belief that this grant was made is ren - dered still more easy by a recollection of the eases of the Alabama. Florida, Rappahan nock and Stonewall, the former of which re ceived the aid of British officials, while both of the latter were fitted out and sailed not withstanding their tardy zeal. — Phi/adel. A. American. lte3?*Th3 Copperhead newspapers are howling terribly over the mobbing of the notorious traitor EDWARD INGF.KSOLL in Philadelphia, a few weeks ago. That our readers may have an idea of the sentiments of INUERHOLL. we give an extract from the public speech he delivered, and which was the cause of the attack upon him:—"l yield to no man in sympathy for the people of the South, a gallant people, struggling noblyfor their liberty against as sordid and vile a tyranny as ever proposed the degradation of our race. Nay, I go further and with Jefferson, Madison and Livingston, I fully embrace the doctrine of secession as an American doctrine, without the element of which American institutions cannot per manently live." Without attempting to justify mob law, we submit that denunciation from them conies with very bad grace after four years of the most persistent inciting to mob violence. It is lather late for Copperhead newspapers to preach observenccof the civil laws. —Exchanger. THE REBEL DEBT.—A GENTEEL AND IN GENIUS METHOD OF PINANCIEUING.—Sur geon Crawford, who accompanied the late expedition to Arkansas to receive the sur render of Gen. Jeff. Thompson, tells of a new rebel financial dodge which docs credit to their ingenuity, if not to their honesty. While in company with Jeff. Thompson and his subordinates, wending their way to the place where the formal surrender was to take place, the Doctor fell into conversation with Col. Kitchen, formerly a lawyer in Southeast Missouri, and, amongst other con versation, to beguile the way, asked the Col. how they expected to pay the Confederate debt. "It will be promptly paid at maturi ty, ' said the Colonel, with apparent indig nation at any suspicion of unfairness or re pudiation. "We have contracted a heavy debt, to he paid three years after a treaty of peace is sinned between the United States and the Confederate States of America ; when that time comes the debt will doubt less be paid to the last cent." GERMAN EMIGRANTS COMING.—A letter from Dresden says of the prospects of emi gration ; "The harbor of Hamburg is now fuller of vessels than it has been at the same season for years; and yet there is not enough to take on board all the emigrants bound tor Amer ica The wharf here is lined wit h emigrants as far as the eye can reach. The war in Denmark has done much to do away with predjudices on the part of the Germans against America; because the London Times was about the only paper taken here which contained articles relative to America, and all those articles, in time-past, as well as at present, wore unfriendly to the North. Du ring the Danish war the London Times ad vocated the side of the Danes. This opened the Germans eves; they discarded the Times and sent their own correspondents to America, and since then a much better feel ing towards America prevails here ; and the emigrants are a better class than usual Exchange. LITTLE MAO AS A UNION GENERAL.—One of the female witnesses who had been of the family of Mrs. feurratt, the chief priestess of the conspirators against the life of the president, after testifying to the fact that the likenesses of .Jeff. Davis, Lee, Beaur* regard, and other prominent rebels, were a Prt of the household gods, was asked if they had any photographs of Union gener als. 1 es. said the witness, "we had the likeness of >1 cClellan.'' Thus again do we find the hero of the gunboat Galena among his fYjeqch'm. SJTPPLT OF GRAIN AT THE WEST. —A careful and reliable estimate gives the amount of wheat on hand waiting Eastern mar ket in the country north, west, and north west of La Crosse, at four million bushels, of which at least one million bushels are in the hands of farmers. Some fanners U j> the Chippewa, St. Croix, and Missouri riv ers have three years' crop still in store, wait ing for higher prices, which will never eoine. But little wheat is coming forward, held back by the insufficient price and eoormuu.i rates of freight. On the Minnesota river, above St Paul, wheat is a drug at fifty cents a bushel. In the storehouses thousands of bushels are waiting transportation, and thousands upon thousands of bushels have suffered from dampness and heating. Some dealers who bought a year sinoe at a dollar, and even ten shillings, a bushel there, have been ruined by the fall. The president of one of the upper river packet companies loses at least one hundred thousand dollars by depreciation of prices and damage to grain from unavoidable causes. Five years since wheat on the Upper Minnesota was worth from fifty cents to one dollar and thir teen cents a bushel, in gold. At pa-sent rates of grain and merchandise the fanners are having a severe time. STOCK OF TOBACCO.—The quantity of leaf tobacco in the State is a matter of guess, but it can be nearly approximated. Our commission merchants estimate it at thirty thousand hogsheads. Of this, about tve thousand hogsheads are in Lynchburg; the balance is at Farinville, Danville, and in the possesssion of the planters in the country. There are a few hundred hogsheads in Rich mond. That in Lynchburg is chiefly of nondescript grades, most of the bright leaf, for which that market is noted, having been manufactured during the war. In the coun ties on the south §iae of the upper -James much of the tobacco in the hands of the planters is English shipping. The quantity of tobacco on nand in Virginia would have been far greater but that the production has been discouraged and restrained by State legislation during the war. On the I'd of April about ten thousand hogsheads were burntin thiscity by order of the Confederals As compared with the stock of leaf tobacco. the stock of manufactured is large but it is so scattered in individual hands as to make it impossible to form anything like a correct estimate of its quantity. Richmond paper. JEFF. DAVIS AND TIIE CONSPIRACY.— The New York Post says: "Of the nature of the proof which fastens a share of this atro cious and horrible plot upon Davis nothing is as yet known. But it is said to rest chief ly on a letter found upon the person of Booth. From a trustworthy source we hear that there is such a letter; that it was found on Booth; that it is a cypher, and that this evpher involves Jeff. Davis' complicity Tne information we have received upon this subject is of the following tenor: A note or dispatch, in cypher was found in Booth's pocket. A paper, in cypher, was found in .Jeff. Davis house in Richmond. Tbi> paper was not supposed to be of importance until the paper in Booth's pocket was com pared with it, and by the use of it was read. The precise contents of Booth.s note we do not know; hut our information is that Davis was in communication with two of the men in Canada for whom rewards have been offer ed: and the subject of the correspondence was the proposed assassination, which it is distinctly asserted that Davis favored. The same men were intimately associated with Booth when he was in Canada." NOT ALLOWED TO STAY.—We are infor med by a gentleman just returned from Ritchie county that last week two returned Rebels came to Ritchie Court House, where their father resides. They rode through the town, nodding familiarly to oid acquaintan ces, but found none willing to recognize them. They were soon notified that just thirty minutes would he allowed them to make their departure from the place. The hint was taken and they left. They were mounted on two tine horses, and our - infor mant tells us they were pursued and their horses taken from them and turned over to citizens who had been robbed of their liorst-s by Confederate thieves.— Whrel'uuj Intelli gencer. A NEW BRANCH OP MANVFACTCHE.— The Patterson (N. J.) Press says the busi ness of that thriving town is to be increased by the establishment of a factory for the manufacture of silk plush velvet, &c., the production of which, we believe, is a novelty in the I nited States. It seems that a com pany of gentlemen, mostlv Englishmen, some time since obtained a charter from the Legislature f New Jeraey, and. having im ported the requisite machinery and brought over a number of workmen, commenced their work in Newark, but, considering Pat terson a more desirable locality, they are now making extensive arrangements for their works in that town. Parties in England who use this fabric expect to import to that country the manufactures of this company. RS°'Before Lincoln was elected, and soon after the South declared that they would nor submit to Lincoln's rule. They lived up to their promise, for should they uow all con sent tofteturn to the Union, they have the consolation of knowing that they lived up to their promise and that they did not return to live under the rule of Lincoln.—Selins grove Times. W ho cannot see the malignant scoundrel, traitor and murderer in the above? He gloats over the murder of one of the best men. and purest patriots that ever lived, and had this coward the nerve, no doubt, he would have murdered the President long ago. What honest man will fasten himself to the skirts of a party led on by such infamous traitors and cut-throats?— Hanover Spectator SUMMARY OF GENERAL NEWS. NEARLY all the planters of Georgia have put in extensive crops mostly of corn and rye. Some have planted cotton for the first time in four years. JEFF. DAVIS has been in close confine ment at Fortress Monroe since his capture. He is ironed and closely guarded dav and nijrht. He is said to have been brought to \\ ashington a few days ago and eonfiued in the Gld Capital. A. H. STEPHENS, Vice President of the defaimt confederacy, and John H. Regan, I. M. General with other noted rebels have been sent to Fort Warren. THE rebel ram, Stonewall, has been sur rendered by her commander to the Spanish authorities at Havana, who reoeived her in trust for the United States. < EX-GOT. Letcher was arrested at his res idence in Lexington Va., on Sunday the -Ist ult., and brought to Washington. THE papers confirm the news from Mexi co of the capture of Camargo by N'egrcte, and that he was marching on Matamoras re ceiving recruits on the way. THE case of Dr. Blackburn, of the "Yel low Fever plot'has been before the Canadi an police courts, and he has been held to bail in the sum of SBOOO to appear at the next | assizes. THE Sioux Indians are becoming trouble some in Minnessota. On the 2nd of May near Maukato they killed four persons and severely wounded two more. In the after noon of the same day one of the miscreants was caught, tried, convicted and hung. A TERRIBLE storm passed over Johnston county Kansas on Wednesday the 24thult., blowing down houses, and fences, uprooting trees and doing great damage. Haii is said to have been blowp ip drifts tyo and three feet deep,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers