Vol. 11. SATURDAY EV ENING, November 20, 1819. - i y me CONDITIONS. The price of this paper is two doug and fifugecigus pei annum—but if paid ha yearly i advance, two dollars only will be charged. : Advertisemerits, tnaking no more in length then breadth, will be inserted three times for one dollar 3 and for every subse- quent continuance twenty-five cents — Those of greater length in proportion.— Rule or figure work double those rates. No subscription will be received for less than one year; nor any paper discontinu- ed until all arrearages are paid. Jf the subscriber does not request a dis. continuance of his paper, at the end of the year, it will be considered as a new engages ment; and the paper forwarded according- ly. Subscribers who have their papers car- ried by the mail, must be liable for the po tage. Letters addressed to the editor must be posc paid. Lrom the National Inteligencer, Zo a member of Congress. Siry It will not be deniedithat Domestic Manufactorers derive considerable benefit and support from the fiscal arrangements of the Government which enhance the price of foreign rival fabrics; but much of this benefit is incidental, and no part of it costs the Nation any thing ; it 1s all rendered subservient to the supply of the public trea= sury. This benefityin a regular settled state o tra dey, might have gone far to have enabled our Domestic Industry to maintaina com- itton with the products of foreign Jabor y iD the mackes of the country but, he existing circumstances of the when the fabrics of the principal factuting Countries i in Europe and of Xadiay which had accumulated durin late war, when they could not be z circulated, ‘and which even now are pre vented from circulation by prohibitions and the eely restrictions, under most of the Govern- ments of Earupe, are thrown on our mark. ts, I may say the only free unvesirained market in the werld ; this encouragement has been found inadequate tc their support : It only tended to complete the ruin of the Proprietors, by encouraging them to per- severe in the hope of better times, when for eign fabrics would bring their cost in the an illusion that has constantly disappointed their expectation. The pri- ces of their Manufactures have been borne market 3 down and depressed, in a ruinous degree by the redundant quantity of foreign rival fabrics in the market, constantly selling be- low cost. be In the year ending 30th December, 1816 the treasury Report shows a surplus of Im. ports over our entire exports, in foreign and domestic articles, of 46 millions of doliars. ‘Thus has the money that would have sup- ported the labor and industry of the country been drawn away to support the industry, feed the poor, and encourage the Manuy- factures, of loreign countries, Now, Sir, is not this a bad compliment to our fellow-citizens, to a numerous and re- spectable Class that have embarked their fortunes in a lawful business, within our jurisdictional limits ? a business too highly beneficial to the general interests of the|’ Nation, and intimately connected with its{* security and Independence ; the protection of whose interest has never cost the nation one centy who can have no direct or partic- ular interestin the protection of Commerce ud Agriculture ; contributed cheerfully, in and yet have, at all time nioucy and per-! heir protection aid other classes of. the! sonal service, for their protection ? tis not fren 3 “pecuiation, or more theory ; it is] now an existing matter of ‘fact, acl a bad requittal of the Manufacturers, for community, to suffer their interest, their all’ 0 be thus destroyed, or drawn frem them by Alliens, under the very eye of the gov- ernment ! Are the Manulaciurers, and the mechanical and laboring classes cotnected with them, bound to follow the Merchant’ with protection to the remetest seas while they are thus unprotected at home ? There is no reciprocity in this, ‘The dif- ferent classes of the American people are all citizens of the same republic, ,confede- tated together lor mutual security and pro tection, all are bound to participate in the .{ burdens and expense, and entitled equally to participate in the benefit and protection, of the government ; and nothing will more cifectually strengthen th the bonds of Union that bind the diffarent St States, and di flerent Interests, of the Nation together than a strict, undeviating adherence to this prin-|e ciple. The manufacturing interest, and the other Branches connected with it, have -re- ceived no adequate ‘protection : foreign rivals bave been suffered to bear them down in the market of the country, and sport in their ruin: while these classes have contributed much for the protection of Commercial and agricultural interests. Whatever stpport the Manufacturers and other classes connected with them have re- ceived, has beenin a great measure inci- dental, and without expense. They have a large balance i in their favor with the gov- ernment, and in this view of the subject} have a fair claim to that full adequate pro- lejtheir own industry, bring their own labor times the amount of the “Thi. fis no longer, in their est timation, mat- the evil, the distress is every where real- ized, and the remedy clearly and frequently| indicated. 4 Tne U.S. must so far yield to the poli- cy forced on them by other nations, as to rally round their own interests, to protect into action and husband their own resour- ces. The ruinous system of throwing our ports open to foreigners, to_deluge the country with the products of their labor and art to an amount far beyond our neces- sities, and beyond our natural means of payment ; and to draw from us our specie in return, and theteby to inflict on thel; country an evil, in its consequences of the most ruincus and alarming nature, to the peace, prosperity, and moral character oll’ the nation : This system has been weigh- ed in the balance of public opinion, and found wanting. the aE session of th body. I now take leave of your 7th umber, and remain, with great cordiality and ae ga pect your obodient servant, i ad A PENNSYLVANIA'F THE HORSE OF THE COLUMBIAN RIVER. 4 ‘Will rank with the finestiof his species Pd in the known world, His size is fifteen or sixteen hands, even in a state of natu: ‘©, un-= ands ArfER RB. provided with food or shelter by th of man. His form exhibits much ‘bone and muscle, but not the mass of flcsh which His limbs are clean and slender; the neck ar- ched and rising : the hoots round and hard 3 the nostrils wide and thin. He is equally distinguished for speed and bottom. He runs rapidly for a long time ; rivalling in this respect all that we have heard of the 1s found on the fat European horse. And what do we get in return for this! monstrous sacrifice ? Nothing but reven; ue. The people sce and feel the effects of] this policy, and would willingly pay ten duty, on the redundant and unnecessary part of our im. portations, In some way more congenial with the general interests of the nation’ This is no longer the cause of the manu- facturers ; it is the cause of the American people, The ruin incident to the course of policy pursued, has taken a wide range ? it has made us way into every section of the countiy, and to every class of society, English hunting horses. In other respects, in the docility of his nature, and his capa- city to sustain hunger and hardship, in his powers to provide food for himself and He is readily trained to the business of his mas- his master, he is wholly unrivalled, ter’s life, that of hunting, and pursues the game with all the keeness of the dog and with equal sagacity and More BUCCELHSe— He will run down the deer in the prairies with or without his master on his back, it vith ie needs no He will pursue a drove of buffaloes, and com- and when overtaken will hold his When rode afier game ct him. teeth. guiding ot the bridle to dire The principelbenefit of trade is confined to exportation: The amount of this ig tection against the evils that assail their in- terest, that has heen granted to other class- es, when assailed. lodge ; The Manufacturers, and others con- |i nected in interest, ask not ships, f war, or the sdcrifice of blood and tr for their protection : They ask merely formu. nicipal regulations, that are perfectly com- patible with, and called for by, a due regard to the general interest of the nation ; such regulations as are reasonably calculated to keep our aggregate purchasers from for. eign nations fairly within our aggregate means of payment. Be assured, Sir, the American people donot think this any thing unreasonable : The people, generally, have been taught by dear bought experience, that such reg- ulations are essential to the general inter- est and prosperity of the country. They have been tatight, redundant imports, or, in other words, an excessive foreign debt, beyond their natural means of payment, not only exhausts their wealth, but is ruin- ous in its bedring on the Money concerns of the nation, in the exhaustion of its pre- cious metals, the consequent curtailment of Bank issues, and the derangement of the circulating medium. Pray; Sir, do you not underrate the in telligence and powers of calculation of the American people, when you say ¢ they are not ccnvinced of this > They are an in- telligent people, and most of them know the effects or buying mare than they have o sell ; they know that it brings on poverty and distress in their families, and they know how to apply this principle to the great family of the nation: they know, if it continues as it has done, to buy more si from foreign nations than it sells, it will in like manner become poor aud distressed : ‘coincidence with the public good, they in what we earn. Importation is what we spend ; and, beyond the necessary supply | of our wants, it is not only no benefit, but | is ruinous and wasteful. - The true Policy| i of the nation would be to send our surplus products to foreign markets, as extensively as inour power, and draw as little on this fund for foreign supplies, as possible ; the| balance if any, would, be so much added to! the national wealth. Now Sir, there i is scarcely a the county ¥, that cannot make these calcu- ¥£ farmer in 8 lations ; that does not see the benefit of! this course, and the ruin that results from unrestrained importations. Government gains the duty it is true, on the redundant or unnecessary quantity imported; but the people pay dearly for this mitigation of their burdens. For this pitiful boon, the solid interest of the country, in its labor is sacrificed, and incalculable evils follow in its train. Let the labor of the country be brought ; supply our wants more exten- into action sively from our own country; buy less from foreign nations; keep our money more at home : encourage and support our own poor, by paying them for their labor in the supply of our wants ; cease to lavish our wealth, to the extent we have done, on foreign luxaries, to feed and clothe the poor of foreign countries, while our own Re. strain reasonably the importation of foreign are left to starve for want of employ. luxuries, by increased duties, or other means calculated to keep the supply within the limit of our necessities, and our abili- ty to pay: These are views generally familiar to the people, and objects of their desire; and, irom their reasonableness, their eviden the Indian lets fly an arrow [passes entirely through Lis ing up with them, will stop anc by biting him with his teeth, The animal bitten immediately wheels to defend himself with his born ; the horse wheels at the same instant to avoid it; and at this moment when the side of the buffaloe is presented which often The (wounded animal always turns out of the body. [drove to lay down and die ; the horse and his rider pursues the gang to make fresh ‘slaughter. Another horse trained to a second part of the game, with other Indi- ans, take the trail of the wounded bufialoe, | which is butchered and carried into camp. These things seem incredible; but we have them upon the authority of Lewis and Clarke, and a great number of traders 'lwho bave been upon the Columbia river since the time of their discovery ; some of whom dre in town, The capacity of this horse to sustain fas tigue, and to provide food for himself, is equally astonishing. He is galloped all day sometime eighty or ninety miles in the spdce of ten or twelve hours, and is thea left to shift for himself during the night. — Inthe spring, summerand autumn he finds no difficulty. The short and sweet grass of that country gives him an abundant and nutricious repast. In the winter and to- wards the mountains, where the snow 18 scveral feet deep, his unerring instinct telis . - him where (0 search : he scrapes away tie snow with kis hoot ull he.comes to the ground, aud rooting there with his nose finds wherewith of moss and ¢ 8 to Sus- tain hr s life, On the borders oh. aud rivers he feeds on the bows of willows, and other soft wood which his master has sometimes the kindness to fell for him with his hatchet, Thisfine animal is found on the bank
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