200 ee Beworrabi atc Bellefonte, Pa., November 6, 1925. MANY DIFFERENT KINDS OF COAL AND THEIR FUEL QUALITIES. All is not coal that’s black. Coal from different areas and different mines may differ greatly in character and quality. In quality coals may range from those having only 1 or 2 pounds of ash in 100 pounds of coal to those having 20 or 30 pounds of ash. Some coals contain less than half a pound of sulphur while others contain 5 pounds or more per 100 pounds of coal. This makes a great difference in the usability of coal. High sulphur coals cannot be used in ing or working iron. Coals differ even more in the amcunt of “gas” or “yolatile matter,” and in the amount of water they contain. When first laid down in the form of peat 100 pounds of coal may consist of 25 pounds of “moisture,” 20 pounds of so-called “fixed carbon,” 5 pounds of ash, and 50 pounds of gas or volatile matter. As the bed of peat is buried beneath later desposits and time pass- es, millions of years, and earth shrink- age squeezes the bed, the moisture slowly disappears, and the volatile matter passes off until at the last as anthracite only 38 pounds are left of the original 100 pounds. Pennsylvania is very rich in kinds of coal. At the east is anthracite, containing only about 3 pounds of moisture, and 3 to 8 pounds of volatile matter, and the rest pure carbon and ash in a 100 pounds of coal. Going westward the amount of “gas” or volatile matter steadly increases until at the western edge of the State the coal commonly has 40 pounds of gas to a 100 pounds of coal. The differ ence is due to the difference in the intensity of the pressure and folding to which the beds of coal were subject- ed at the end of the Age of Coal. This pressure appears to have folded and squeezed the beds more at the east than at the west. The coal beds in the anthracite fields are highly folded, in places standing vertically, or even overturned. In the bituminous field the beds are less highly folded and towards the western and northwestern page of the State the folds nearly die ou The various characters of the coal greatly affect its usability for differ- ent purposes. For gas making a high gas coal is needed, for household use a low-gas or low-volatile coal is de- sirable as it gives off much less smoke. Certain qualities of coal are especially adapted for blacksmithing, for by-pro- duct coking. Users of coal find it de- sirable or necessary to have analyses of coals that are offered them in order to secure the coal best suited to their special needs. In this connection all operators of soft coal mines, all dealers in soft coal, and all who use this coal in large quantity should find much vauable in- formation in a report just issued by the Pennsylvania Topographic dnd Geologic Survey, Department of For- ests and Waters. This report contains analyses of about 2,000 samples of coal collected in the bituminous coal fields of Pennsylvania. More than 700 of these samples were collected since 1922 and analyzed by the U. S. Bureau of Mines. Many of the analyses have never before been published. For each new analysis there is given the name and location of the mine, the operator, a description of the place in the mine where the sample was taken and a measurement of the coal bed at that place. The analyses are arrang- ed by counties and alphabetically by towns in each county, so that know- ing the location of the mine, an an- alysis of coal at any given place can be found. A very complete index enables the person knowing only the name or owner of the mine to find the desired analysis. This bulletin also contains about 825 analyses of Pennsylvania bituminous coals as de- live: to United States post-offices, courthouses, Government fuel yards, Army posts, and Indian schools. This report was prepared by the U. S. Bureau of Mines but not published by that bureau. A copy may be obtained free on aplication to the State Geo- logist, Harrisburg, Pa. CENTRE COUNTY FARM CENSUS FOR 1925. The government census of the farms of Centre county has been completed and advance sheets of the findings show startling decreases in almost every item of farm produce since the 1920 census. It is so interesting that we publish herewith comparative data on the farms of Centre county: NUMBER OF FARMS. 1925 1920 TROLAY oi ines viisrnanses 2,105 2,295 Operated by: Owners .. 1,373 1,425 Managers . 27 42 Tenants v.ooesiocss 705 823 FARM ACREAGE. All land in farms..... 239,797 268,250 Crop land, 1924....... 127,946 Harvested ......... 115,248 Crop failure........ 1,303 Fallow or idle...... 11,395 Pasture, 1924......... 49,617 Plowable ... sen 18,376 Woodland 19, OEE 1. com eiviv oie roves 19,944 Woodld not pastured. 52,443 All other land........ 9,801 FARM VALUES. Land & buildings. ...$13,855,126 $15,259,350 Land alome......... 6,646,159 8,607,025 Buildings .......... 6,652,325 LIVESTOCK ON FARMS. 6,151 8,110 446 397 19,787 24,380 250 657 912 2,763 Dairy cows......... 2,602 12,568 Other dairy cattle. . 6,023 8,302 Swine, total.......... 17,066 21,935 Breeding sows...... 2,105 2,888 PRINCIPAL CROPS. 1924 1919 COrn,. 8CTeSasssnsseeiss 21,103 20,443 Corn, bushels. ae 765,754 1,176,602 Oats, acres.... 19,205 22,764 Oats, bushels. 692,115 624,172 Hay, acres........... 38,079 40,052 Hay, ton8.vescec nis 46,644 50,190 White pototoes, acrs. 2,856 2,606 huR potatoes, bu..... 207,784 271.253 es: Lung" trees seis nne 17,443 22,3956 Trees bearing age:. 65,620 71,061 —Subscribe for the “Watchman.” i , national mails by the universal postal PLACE TOO HEAVY TAX ON DIGESTION Common Fault Is Over working the Stomach. Among civilized people the digestive organs are constantly overworked. The process of digestion cannot be “hus- tled,” like the brain or the nerve sys- tem, is a warning given by Walter M. Gallichan, in the Buffalo Express. Roast beef requires fully four hours for digestion and bread about three hours, Sait fish, goose, dried haricot beans and peas are not digested under about five hours, Speaking generally, an average din- ner requires between four and five hours for the digestive organs to do their work. The custom of eating four meals a day is a continual tax upon the diges- tive apparatus. It is one of the gravest of all our dietetic fallacies that con- stant stoking of the human engines is essential for producing energy. The stomach only works normally when fit is permitted reasonable intervals of rest. Even during sleep, if a hearty meal has been taken an hour or so before retiring, the digestive machinery is hard at work. We rest the muscles after exertion and we relax brain activity while asleep; but the unfortunate stomach is worked overtime habitually. This is why the ordinary rejoinders to an inquiry concerning the health of our acquaintances are “Pretty fair” or “Fairly well” at the best, while very often they are: “Not very well” or “Not at all up to the mark.” Three good meals a day should be the maximum, with at least four-hour intervals in between. Many persons engaged in sedentary occupations ben- efit by reducing the meals to two a day. The habit of eating luncheon at half-past one, afternoon tea, with cakes and pastries at five, and a four or five-course dinner at seven is a cruel test of the working capacity of the long-suffering digestive tract. In cases of very feeble digestive function- ing small and frequent meals have been recommended by some physi- ~lans. On the other hand, in some forms of dyspepsia fasting within reasonable limits has proved beneficial. Workers in National Park Yellowstone park has a vocabulary all its own and tourists visiting it the first time have many surprises in store for them. An automobile driver is never-a chauffeur in the park. He is a ‘‘gear jammer.” A waitress is always a “heaver,” and a cook is known only as a “meat burner.” Most of the employees in the hotels and camps of the park are students. Twenty uni- versities and colleges are represented among the hundreds of waitresses and housemaids working in the big hotels and camps. There are also many school teachers among the women em- ployees, and this year most of these motored to the park in their own cars. The chauffeurs and other men em- ployees of the transportation and hotel company also came chiefly in their own autos. Many of the students motored all the way from New York, and large numbers of them came from California. King Goes to the Wood Ethiopia is an ancient country, but for generations its capital has been merely a temporary home for the king. This dignitary located in some sharp peak surrounded by military defense. A rambling village sprang up around it and all was well until the wood of the vicinity was exhausted, whereupon the court and its followers moved to a new location. Addis Ababa has been the capital for some time and promises to be a permanent one for the reason that a foreign element was attracted to this place and made some improve- ments of a permanent nature, and when the last movement was proposed such a great protest was heard against leaving these modern conveniences that the court decided to stay. Honor German Professor The faculty of Bonn university in germany recently gave a reception to Prof. Aloys Brandl, who retired as head of the department of English. The occasion was his seventieth birth- day anniversary. Professor Brandl for many years was president of the German Shakespeare society and is one of the best known authorities in Germany on English philology and literature. The faculty of the univer- sity presented Professor Brandl with a portrait of himself by Heilemann. He also received an honor scroll from his former pupils on which was re- corded tribute of his services to the Sajversity in the department of Eng- You Can Mail Bees Bees and silk worms have been given special privileges In the inter- eee ~The World Court---Objections 1. Written for the Watchman by Mary A. Willcox, Ph. D., Prof. emeritus Wellesley College. The World Court held its first regular session in June, 1922. The , following February, President Harding sent to the Senate a message rec- ommending our joining the Court. Opposition at once developed in var- ious quarters. : The objections may be reduced to five which are substantially as fol- lows: The Court is too strong. The Court is too weak. The Court might be improved. There is no code of international law which the Court could apply. The Court is the creation of the League of Nations and by joining it we should become entangled in the League. In this and the following article these objections will be discussed. 1. The Court is too strong. Mr. Borah has described the Court now functioning as a most ambitious and presumptious effort to establish a judicial despotism. How a despotism can be established by a Court which may only decide cases voluntarily submitted by both disputants it is dif- ficult to imagine. No sane thinker can honestly believe that the Court would threaten our liberties because it is too strong. 2. The Court is too weak. This objection is much more appealing than the last. The Court is considered too weak partly because it has no means of enforcing its decisions. But nations that submit a case must agree to accept the Court’s decision. Public opinion, common sense and national honor have thus far proved sufficient to induce such acceptance even when one or the other party was more or less dissatisfied. The many cases of successful arbitration in modern history show that nations vol- untarily laying a dispute before judges do honorably abide by the result. The Court is weak also in that it cannot compel nations to submit their disputes to it. In reply to this objection its friends recall the re- sponse of Franklin when some one asked the use of a certain electrical ex- periment—“What is the use of a baby?” They believe that the important thing is to get a court started even in the most rudimentary form. As Elihu Root has remarked when an institution is once established and be- 2 comes known people begin to think differently about the subjects to which it relates. If it is carried on so as to induce confidence in its original lim- ited scope it inevitably grows and develops. “Thou ‘hast been faithful over a few things; I will make thee ruler over many things.” 3. The Court might be improved. Many plans have been suggested which in the opinion of at least some Americans would better it. But as a wise statesman has said if an institution is being planned for interna- tional benefit it is needful not only to consider what Americans would like best but what the French and the Japanese and all the other nations who are to make use of it would like best. The beliefs and opinions which all the different nations hold in common are very few and simple and it is upon these few beliefs and opinions, common to all the interested nations that we must base any institution that is to be approved and used by them all. The question is not whether the Court is the best conceivable one but whether it would be useful so far as it goes and whether there is any : union convention held in Stockholm. | ' They are permitted by mail while the | convention has prohibited the mailing | of all other live animals in the malls. | Sardines American sardines, still packed tightly In cans, are finding greater favor than ever in the Philippines, the Straits Settlements and Dutch : East India. Demountable House. Demountabie cheap houses may be destroyed by fire during the war. probability of getting forty-eight nations to agree to a better one. WHAT THE PRESBYTERIAN HOME FOR WOMEN IS LIKE. The Presbyterian home for women, reconstructed out of the Kel- ler property on Newry street, Gays- port, Blair county, will soon be ready for occupancy as the work has all been done with the exception of the painting, putting in the electric lights and cleaning up the building. The furniture and other equipment have arrived and it is expected that the home will be opened by Thanksgiving. A large brick addition has been built to the old Keller homestead, the latter having been extensively repaii- ed. The old fashioned fire places in nearly every room will be preserved as well as the winding staircase that reaches from the lower floor to the top of the house and is very unique and quaint, being constructed along the most graceful lines, describing long sweeping curves and equipped with a dainty though substantial railing. There are three stories and the new section has long lines of rooms on each floor, with spacious halls and wide doors to the rooms, each of which contains a wash stand. There are many lavatories. The floors in the halls are of maple and those of the rooms of white pine, the other wood- work being yellow pine, much of it be- ing finished in golden oak. A notable feature is the two spa- cious enclosed porches or sun parlors at the rear, on the first and second floors, the large kitchen that will be fitted up in the most modern and ap- proved manner, the nurses quarters, and roomy dining hall, that has a patent floor made of a composition that is as soft as linoleum. There are various offices and other necessary de- partments and all the latest improve- ments and conveniences that will make the home complete in every detail. It has large, and many windows, making a well-lighted and cheery place from top to bottom and is very roomy in all departments. An auto- matic elevator has been installed, of the latest design that can be set to stop at any floor desired and can be brought to any landing to take on passengers, by pressing electric but- tons. The old and new buildings are joined with a large porch between them at the front. The lighting sys- tem will be equipped with attractive fixtures and everything done to make the whole place as cozy and comfort- able as possible. A steam heating plant has been installed in the cellar, that will be finished throughout and used for various purposes. The cel- lar also contains an incinerator, in which garbage will be burned, by be- ing placed in a chute in the kitchen. The interior will be painted in taste- ful, harmonizing colors, and the ex- terior improved in this manner, es- pecially the old part. The grounds will be placed in fine shape, lawns be- ing made, flowers and shrubbery planted, through which cement walks have been laid. When the whole work is finished this will be one of the most attractive and complete institutions of the kind in the State. It has been erected and will be maintained by the Huntingdon Presbytery. ——A male quartette was singing plantation melodies at a concert. As the melodies went on, a man in a front seat was seen to wipe his eyes fur- tively, and a few minutes later he burst into tears. The manager of the quartet slipped , round ar! touched him on the shoul- used in Saloniki in its efforts to re- build the city, which was partially | der. “My de sir,” he said “our quartet deomly avovasiates ‘he compliment Jou Lave paid it by this display of emotion. You are a southerner, no doubt?” “No,” sobbed the man; “I am a mu- sician.” MEDICAL. Aad Trouble? Many Bellefonte Folks are Learning How to Avoid It. Have You Uric Are you lame and achy; tortured with backache, and rheumatic pains? Feel nervous, depressed, and all- played-out? Then look to your kid- neys! When the kidneys weaken uric acid accumulates, poisoning blood and nerves, and many mysterious aches and ills result. Help your kidneys with a stimulant diuretic. Use Doan’s Pills! Your friends and neighbors recommend Doan’s. H. P. Saylor, mechanic, Valentine St., Bellefonte, says: “My kidneys were in poor condition and I had to get up several times at night to pass the secretions which contained sedi- ment. A sharp pain in the small of my back felt like a knife thrust and I could hardly get up or down. When I began to feel tired and worn-out all the time, I knew my kidneys were out of order. I used Doan’s Pills and they rid me of all signs of the complaint.” 60c, at all dealers. Foster-Milburn Co., Mfrs., Buffalo, N. Y. 70-44 Taking baby for a walk How I wish this child could talk. —Young Mother Hubbard She would say that I'm kind to her—just like my mamma is kind to me. Mother feeds us well three times a day. Our meat market is one she’s fond of —she says they’re so fair. Beezer’'s Meat Market ON THE DIAMOND 84-34-1y Bellefonte, Pa. JJ's Winter... Your Thoughts Should Turn to Overcoats We have them from the BEST MAKERS IN AMERICA (priced the lowest in the year) a really good Overcoat, one that is All Wool and Tailored right—priced as low as. —_.. . ....eeierimsmmeammeoe~an $17.50 Others at $22.00, $25.00 and $30.00—that are the best val- ues we know of. Let us show you; you will be sure to SAVE, and we are sure we can please you. emo A. Fauble idan verse DEM ooeee Steadiness, Control RGR) SILT he crucial game of baseball played by the Pittsburg “Pirates” and the Wash- ington “Senators” on a soggy field and most all the time in a steady rain, called for the utmost skill, steadiness and control. Great credit is due both teams. The ver- dict must be that the better team won. Deisemine to be successful in the game of e. THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK STATE COLLEGE, PA. QQ MEMBER FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM a nh Sn SSS CISA ERAN) ARS ETS SARKRR BUTI AON WANT TROAR RARE AAA AN AERA AANA A NY Sa NLU IAA AISA APA Watch Your Radio Installation = from the Radio Sale & Sup- ply Company is installed under the same expert personal supervision which maintained in perfect working order the radio equipment of the Steamship Leviathan during her eventful million dollar trial trip and maiden voyage to Europe. Every Radio Set purchased J THE IDEAL SER FOR THE FARM Radio Sale & Supply Co. Bell 220-W Water Street, BELLEFONTE, PA.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers