p— Required Each Twenty-Four Hours. Health and Happiness. The amount of food required de- pends primarily upon the amount of skin surface, as food is principally needed to maintain animal heat, which is chiefly lost through the skin. A child has a much larger skin surface in proportion to its weight than has a larger person. For example, a child weighing ten pounds has a skin sur- face of three square feet, while a man weighing 180 pounds, or eighteen times as much, has a skin area of about 21 square feet, only seven times greater. The child of ten pounds re- quires, then, about one-seventh as much food as a man weighing 180 pounds, instead of only one-eighteenth as much. Adults require food chiefly to re- pair waste and losses. Growing chil- dren require, in addition, msaterial for tissue building. According to the best authorities upon the diet of children, the growing infant utilizes fully one- third of its total intake of food in tis- sue building. An emaciated adult who requires to gain in tissue has the same nutritive needs as the growing child. The total number of calories or en- ergy units required by a person in a day depends upon several factors— muscular activity, size, age, build, sex, season, climate. The most important factors, however, are muscular activ- ity, size and age. Hard, physical work and exposure to low tempera- ture demand the largest food supply. It should be stated, however, that a person whose occupation is indoors in an atmosphere the temperature of which is practically the same as that of average summer temperature, does not require more food in the winter than in the summer season, since his loss of heat is no greater. A person who perspires very freely, however, either when at work during the hot season out of doors or in a heated Number 41. room at any season, requires practic- ally as much food as one doing the same amount of work in a cold atmos- phere, because of the large amount of heat carried off from the body by the evaporation of perspiration from the skin. THE EFFECT OF MUSCULAR AC- TIVITY. In her new book “Feeding the Fam- ily,” published by the Macmillan Co., Dr. Mary Swartz Rose gives the ca- lories per hour per pound of bqdy weight as follows: Calories per pound Kind of Activity per hour Sleeping SD Sitting quietly 6 Standing 0 Light exercise 1 Moderate exercise 1.26—1.5 Active exercise 1.75—2 Severe exercise 3 or more Applying this as seen in “Food Re- quirements and the Menu,” Extension Circular No. 65, The Pennsylvania State College, pages 5 to 7: A person weighing 140 pounds would require— Sleeping 70 Calories per hour Sitting ..... ... 84 Calories per hour Standing .. 105 Calories per hour Light exercise ...... 140 Calories per hour Moderate exercise.175 to 210 Calories per hr Active exercise.245 to 280 Calories per hour Severe exercise. .420 or more Calories per hr EFFECT OF OCCUPATION UPON TO- TAL FOOD REQUIREMENTS. According to Tigerstedt’s estimates, the requirements for occupations of different degrees of muscular activi- ty are as follows: Shoemaker ........: 2200 Calories Weaver 950 Calories Carpenter or mason Calories Farmer. ........., +...3650 Calories per day mxcavator «..... 00.0 4550 Calories per day Luamberman ......... 5500 Calories per day The daily requirement for the av- erage woman in some of her common occupations as given by Dr. Mary Rose is: per day ver day per day AL Tel. i i ie cs Ra ee 1600—1800 Calories per day Sedenfary oCccUpPAtIONS.... . is cress eiiosrainsina 2000—2200 Calories per day Milliners Teachers Bookkeepers Seamstresses Stenographers Machine operaters Occupations involving standing, walking, or manual labor Cooks in family groups General housekeepers cerereeenneiia.. 2200-2500 Calories per day Chambermaids Waitresses Occupations developing muscular strength.......2500—3000 Calories per day Laundresses Cooks for large groups Next week—“Grouping Foods to Show Their Uses.” “UNCLE SAM’S” DRUNKARD.” O yes, I love you just the same As other fathers do; Altho’ I haven’t much to prove Such boasting to be true. Your mother washes, scrubs and scours, To keep us all in food; While you sell papers on the street, . You're doing mighty good! You see, I haven't time to work, While I can play a tune; For I am helping “Uncle Sam,” To run a good salloon. For I am not the only drunk, It takes a lot like me, To keep them busy at the bar, And pay the license fee. Have mercy, Lord, on those who fight, And pity the men who die, And the wounded who lie in the battle light With no one to heed their cry. Comfort, Lord, the people at home, ‘Who toil neath a heavy load, For Thou, too, forsaken, a wand’rer didst roam, Traveling alone on life’s road. T. L. H., Stormstown. For Better Mail Service. At the beginning of the war the Postoffice Department announced its opposition to any curtailment or re- striction of the postal service, and in the face of adverse conditions has en- deavored to maintain this policy. The disarrangement of traffic conditions throughout the country incident to war is no doubt generally recognized, but it is felt that if one feature is brought clearly to the attention of the business world much benefit will result to all. Rearrangements effected, from time to time, with a view to expediting ship- ments of war material have brought about a large reduction in facilities available for transportation of the mails. This, in connection with the abnormal increase in bulk of mailings, has resulted in greatly overburdening the service during some portions of the day and in delay and congestion at some points. : At present it is the practice of many business men and firms to hold prac- tically all outgoing mail until the late afternoon or early evening hours. This necessitates the facing, cancella- tion, distribution, pouching and dis- patching of from 60 to 80 per cent. of all outgoing matter within a period of three or four hours. It is apparent that if this work could be distributed over twelve or fourteen hours not only would it be handled with greater fa- cility but its dispatch would be hast- ened many hours. Realizing fully the losses and in- conveniences which may result to business men and other patrons be- cause of delayed mails, the Depart- ment is utilizing every available fa- cility and straining every nerve to render the best service possible in the circumstances. It is believed that the business men of the country can be of invaluable assistance in meeting the situation, with little or no additional expense to themselves, by making some slight changes in their daily rou- tine. Obviously it is of the utmost importance that letters be posted promptly, to secure their dispatch on the first scheduled train, as failure to make a connection is now more serious than in normal times and might result in a delay in delivery of twenty-four hours or more. Attention is invited to the advisa- bility of signing and preparing for dispatch of all letters and other mail accumulating up to noon, and of mail- ing them at that time; thus a consid- erable quantity would be in transit to destination before the close of the business day. In the view of the foregoing, it is urgently requested that your organi- zation impress upon business men the great advantage to be gained by both the Department and the public if they will adopt the practice of depositing their mail in the postoffice or street collection boxes not only earlier in the day but as frequently as may be feas- ible. It would also tend to relieve the congestion and facilitate the handling and dispateh of the mails if heavy mailers would make it a regular prac- tice to have all letter and circular mail, as well as catalogues, pamph- lets, etc., bearing uncancelled stamps, properly faced for cancellation, with the short and long letters separated. The Department desires to empha- size the fact that it is not urging this action as an economical measure, but for the purpose of meeting, as far as possible, the present complicated sit- uation incident to war activities. Silage a Satisfactory Beef-Maker. That the use of a maximum amount of corn silage in the feeding of steers has been an extremely profitable practice has been demonstrated by seven years of experimental steer feeding at The Pensylvania State Col- lege. In every instance where the feeding of corn silage was compared to dry feeding in the making of beef, the steer fed the silage ration return- ed the larger profit per head and made a very satisfactory gain during the feeding period. Last winter the group of steers fed corn silage, corn stover and cottonseed meal returned a net profit per steer of $18.89 greater than ‘the dry-fed group. Corn silage alone, however, is not a satisfactory beef maker. This feed furnishes plenty of fat-forming mate- rial as well as energy and heat for the body, but is lacking in material nec- essary for tissue growth and in bone- building substances. A rich protein feed, such as cottonseed meal, soy- bean meal, linseed oil meal, alfalfa hay, clover hay, or oat and pea hay will furnish the necessary growing material for body development. Experiments have shown that a leguminous hay cannot replace entire- ly a concentrated protein feed like cottonseed meal. Even if alfalfa or clover hay is fed, it is necessary to in- clude in the ration not less than 1% to 2 pounds of cottonseed meal per 1000 pounds live weight of steer daily. That hay is not absolutely essential in profitable steer feeding is shown by the experimental data furnished by last year’s experiments. The group of steers returning the highest net profit per steer was fed on corn silage according to appetites morning and evening, corn stover at noon, and 23% pounds of cottonseed meal was divid- ed in two feeds and sprinkled over the silage. Farmers feeding steers this winter should have in mind the following conclusions: 1. The feeding of a maximum amount of corn silage is desirable for fattening steers. This practice will reduce the amount of hay and save heavy grain feeding. 2. A concentrated protein feed, like cottonseed meal should be added to properly balance the ration. 3. Some dry feed can well be offer- ed but not as a sacrifice to a maxi- mum corn silage consumption. A le- guminous hay can be used for its pro- tein content and for the small amount of dry feed that is required. If the hay is not available or can be used for other livestock, corn stover can be substituted providing not less than 2% to 3 pounds of cottonseed meal is fed per 1000 pounds live weight daily of ser throughout the feeding pe- riod. 4, Steers showing a predominance of beef blood make the most profita- ble gains. R. H. OLMSTEAD, County Agent. ——The man who is connected with the heavy field artillery. is no more likely to be killed than one in the em- ploy of a railroad. : Democrats Come Out for Suffrage. By a vote of 5 to 2, the executive committee of the Democratic Nation- al committee adopted a resolution in- dorsing the federal woman suffrage amendment and urging the Senate to pass it. The resolution adopted by the Exec- utive committee reads: “Resolved, That the Executive com- mittee of the Democratic National committee, after a referendum vote of the members of the National com- mittee representing the 48 States, and in pursuance thereof, does hereby in- dorse the Susan B. Anthony amend- ment to the Federal Constitution providing for woman suffrage, and urges favorable action thereon by the United States Senate.” A proposal to act on the suffrage amendment, which has been approved by President Wilson, has passed the House, and is now pending in the Senate, was considered by the Execu- tive committee at a meeting last week. It was agreed, however, that a referendum vote of the 48 national committeemen in the States which will be called upon to ratify the amendment if it should pass the Sen- ate, should be taken before any deci- sive action by the executive commit- tee. Accordingly, telegrams were sent to the 48 members apprising them of the nature of the resolution that had been offered and asking them to vote upon it. The answers received, indi- cated the overwhelming sentiment of the National committeemen in favor of the amendment.—Christian Science Monitor. CASTORIA. CASTORIA, Children Cry NNN NN \\ / 3 \ AR 3 ZAANNNNNNNNDNNNNNNNNNNNNN QUEUE RRNA NN Err ’s for Fletch LN NNN ERA The Kind You Have Always Bought, and which has been in use for over over 30 years, has borne the signature of and has been made under his per- sonal supervision since its infancy. Allow no one to’ deceive you in this. age is its guarantee. All Count:-feits, Imitations and * Just-as-good ”? are but Experiments that trifle with and endanger the health of Infants and Children—Experience against Experiment. What is CASTORIA Castoria is a harmless substitute for Castor Oil, Paregoric, Drops and Soothing Syrups. neither Opium, Morphine nor other narcotic substance. It is pleasant. It contains Its For more than thirty years it has been in constant use for the relief of Constipation, Flatulency, Wind Colic and Diarrhoea; therefrom, and by regulating the Stomach and Bowels, aids the assimilation of Food; giving healthy and natural sleep. The Children’s Panacea—The Mother’s Friend. allaying Feverishness arising GENUINE CASTORIA ALways 59-20-e.0-w Bears the Signature of In Use For Over 30 Years The Kind You Have Always Bought THE CENTAUR COMPANY. NEW YORK CITY, @ Farmers, Gardeners Perry Spring Tooth Harrows Spike Tooth Harrows No matter whether you contemplate planting a thous- and acres or the corner of your lot, you will want SUITABLE FERTILIZERS. We have them in any grade and quantity. Wiard{Plows (Walking and Riding) Disc Harrows Cultivators (Riding and Walking) Hand Cultivators Brookville Wagons, All Sizes. Tested Seed Corn. LET US DUNLOP STREET Seed Potatoes. FIELD SEEDS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. Garden and Flower Seeds, 9 Cents the Package. KNOW YOUR WANTS We Can Save You Money. Dubbs’ Implement and Seed Store, 62-47 BELLEFONTE, PA. ESTABLISHED IN 1853. KODAKS LEGGETT’S) GUTH’S JANSON’S Chocolates PERFUMES FINE LINE TOILET ARTICLES AND SUNDRIES Green’s Pharmacy Co., eas Lhe largest and oldest Drug Store in Centre County Shoes. MEN'S Dress Shoes $5.00 Five Dollars to-day will not purch- ase a pair of Men’s Dress Shoes that can be guaranteed to give satisfaction. I have been very fortunate to se- cure a limited amount of Men’s Dress Shoes, made of a good quali- ty of calf leather, with a top of the same kind, the soles are NEOLIN with Wing-Foot rubber heels. If you are in need of a pair of Dress | Shoes, here is an opportunity to purchase a good pair at the price of a poor pair. YEAGER'S SHOE STORE THE SHOE STORE FOR THE POOR MAN Bush Arcade Building BELLEFONTE, PA. 58-27 2 Come to the “Watchman” office for High Class Job work. stm LYON & COMPANY. Women’s Fashionable Apparel and Spring Dress Goods At Special Low Prices. The continued cold weather compels us to make special reductions on Spring Coats and Suits. GROUP 1—Blue and Black Serge Coats, all sizes in- cluding 46, trimmed in pearl buttons, silk inlaid collar, real value $19.50, our price $15.00. GROUP 2—Coats in wool, velour, poplins, cheviots in the new shades—Pekin, gray, burgundy, sand, taupe; real value $28.00, our price $22.50. GROUP 3—Ladies’ Suits in black and white check; only a few sizes left; real value $22.50, special sale price $12.50. GROUP 4—Ladies’ Suits in copen, tan, navy and black; real value $25.00, our price $18.50. Special priced Coats. One lot of Serge Coats in the new light shades—Copen, Pekin and navy, sizes 15 to 42 included; only $12.50. Special Wash Dress Goods. Wash Goods in plaid voiles in white ground and floral sprays, in all the new colors—blue, pink, green and yellow. Beautiful quality for hot weather dresses, 39 inches wide only 35c. We show a full line of Voiles from 10c. to 50c. in plaids, dots, floral designs in all colors. SHIRT WAISTS—A large assortment of new Shirt Waists in white, striped and plaid tub silks; also Georgette crepe and flesh colors; from g8c to $6.50 SILK GLOVES—ALII sizes, 2-clusp, black, white, navy and tan, at the old price 75c. CORSETS—Royal Worcester and Bon Ton Corsets. New models from $1.00 up. LACES—A full assortment of our special line of Laces and Insertions, only 5c. SHOES—Men’s, Women’s and Children’s Shoes for dress or everyday, in high or low cut, at prices less than manufacturer’s cost today. Rugs, Carpets, Linoleums, Lace and Heavy Draperies at prices that will be a big saving to the economical buy- er. See our line and qualities before you buy, and be convinced that they will save money for you. Lyon & Co. -.. Bellefonte. <p
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers