Bellefonte, Pa., September 14, 1917.
mm
THE RED CROSS SPIRIT SPEAKS.
Wherever war, with its red woes
Or flood or fire or famine, goes,
There, too, go I;
If earth in any quarter quakes
Or pestilence its ravage makes,
Thither I fly.
I kneel behind the soldier's trench,
I walk mid shambles’ smear and stench,
The dead I mourn;
I bear the stretcher and I bend
O’er Fritz and Pierre and Jack to mend
What shells have tern.
I go wherever men may dare,
I go wherever women’s care
And love can live,
Wherever strength and skill can bring
Surcease to human suffering
Or solace give.
I helped upon ‘Haldora’'s shore;
With Hospitaller Knights I bore
The first red cross;
I was the Lady of the Lamp;
I saw in Solferino’s camp
The crimson loss.
I am your pennies and your pounds;
I am your bodies on your rounds
Of pain afar;
I am you, doing what you would
If you were only where you could—
Your avatar.
The Cross which en my arm I wear,
The flag which o’er my breast I bear,
Is but the sign
Of what you’d sacrifice for him
Who suffers on the hellish rim
Of war's red line.
—By John Finley, in Red Cross Magazine.
W. C. T. U. ANNUAL CONVENTION
A Two Day’s Interesting Gathering
Held at Unionville Last Week.
The largest convention in eight
years of the Centre county Woman’s
Christian Temperance Union was held
at Unionville Wednesday and Thurs-
day of last week. ‘
The convention speaker this year
was Mrs. Viola D. Romans, of Colum-
bus, Ohio, national W. C. T. U. lectur-
er and organizer as well as a Chau-
tauqua lecturer of repute, and state
officer of the Ohio Woman’s Christian
Temperance Union. After the formal
opening of the conventicn at 11 a. m.
Wednesday, by the county president,
Miss Rebecca N. Rhoads, of Belle-
fonte, and the singing of the crusade
hymn, “Give to the Winds Thy
Fears,” Mrs. Romans read the 146th
Psalm, called the “crusade Psalm,”
giving a brief history of how this
name came to be applied to this par-
ticular Psalm. This Psalm and the
hymn mentioned above were used by
the early Crusaders in the temperance
reform—that little band cf timid, yet
brave, consecrated Christian women
who ver forty years ago went forth
from their quiet homesin the town
of Hillsboro, Ohio, and entered every
saloon, kneeling and praying on the
dirty floors, converting the bartend-
ers and owners and succeeded in thus
closing all the saloons in the town and
many others throughout the state.
That was the beginning of the great
organization which today is recogniz-
ed as the largest and best organized
force of Christian womanhood the
world has ever known, having, as it
does, Unions in fifty countries of the
world, so that, like the British Em-
pire, “the sun never sets” on its do-
minion, and with a membership of
over half a million.
Pennsylvania numbers forty-three
thousand members, while Centre
county boasts of over six hundred in
its twenty-four Unions.
After disposing of the business of |
the morning session a touching memo- |
rial service was held in honor of those
members who have died within the
vear. Among the telegrams of greet-
ings sent was one to Mrs. John P.
Harris, of Bellefonte, v.ce-president-
at-large and former county president,
the only one of the general officers ab-
sent and whose frail health made it
impossible for her to attend.
At the afternocn sessicn, after the
opening devotional exercises, the pres-
ident’s address and the reports of the
corresponding secretary, Mrs. Clees,
of Philipsburg, and the treasurer, Mrs.
Kapp, of State College, were in order.
It might be noted here that devotion-
al exercises are never omitted at a W.
C. T. U. county, State, national, or
world’s convention, no matter how
pressing the business, or how crowded
for time, always the women bow to
the Author of all good inn a few mo-
ments of sincere prayer for guidance
in their deliberations at the beginning
of each session and a benediction at
the end. Often it has happened that
in a moment of special stress at a na-
tional convention when clear thought
is most needed, in the midst of some
harrassing business session the hun-
dreds of women are askz1 to enter for
a moment into the silence with God,
and let Him direct them. It is in this
way that such perfect harmony is
maintained in the great national and
world conventions frowi which the
smaller ones obtain theic inspiration.
The president, Miss Rhoads, in her
address dwelt upon the necessity of
this withdrawal into th: presence of
the Almighty and publicly expressed
gratitude and appreciation of the Om-
nipotent care over the organization
during the past year, drawing atten-
tion to the fact that the marvelous
growth in temperance sentiment is
but the answers to the prayers of the
faithful workers in the years that are
long past, who sowed what we are
now reaping. Ina brief 1esume of the
year's progress she drew attention to
the fact that twenty-six of our States
are now in the dry column, beside the
District of Columbia, Alaska and Por-
to Rica, and all of Canada except Que-
bec, and spoke of the many restric-
tions and limited hours for selling in-
toxicants in Great Britain and France.
She then spoke of the work done in
Centre county within the year, show-
ing that seven new Unions had been
organized as follows: Port Matilda,
Julian, Zion, Runville, (which doubled
its membership,) Hannah and Boals-
burg; two re-organized—Pleasant
Gap and Sandy Ridge, besides eight
Young People’s branches being start-
‘ed at Philipsburg, Pine Grove Mills,
| Sandy Ridge, Martha, Milesburg, Cen-
| tre Hall, Millheim, and Rebersburg.
| A large amount of legislative
iwork in the form of resolu-
i tions to Congressmen, Legislators
‘and Senators has be21 done, Re-
monstrance work—the publishing
of the names of the signers to liquor
: license oetitions, the distribution of
copies of the anti-cigarette laws of
Pennsylvania, the prize essays in the
| schools, the medal contests have all
been carried on successfully. The Red
Cross has received incalculable aid
from the W. C. T. U. all over the
county. Comfort bags and testaments
were given to all the soldier boys, in-
cluding the ambulance corps. Gar-
| ments were made fcr the French or-
phanage, and for our own poor.
The corresponding sccretary’s re-
port was of necessity mostly a repeti-
tion of tre president’s su:rmary. The
treasurer’s report brought forth a
such a comfortable balance for coun-
have been paid out to national, state
and world work, as contributed by the
various Unions. Five national W. C.
T. U. speakers, three state officers and
three distinguished men, besides many
throughout the county under W. C. T.
U. auspices.
Mrs. Romans’ address, which fol-
lowed the treasurer’s report, was more
in the line of instruction and helpful
suggestions for further successful
prosecution of the work. She urged
more social meetings, separating the
ed membership contests. Apropos of
this, at the morning session it was an-
nounced that a white satin banner
would be presented to the county by
the president, on which would be
! painted one red rose. This is to be
given at the end of each year to that
Union making largest jercentage of
gain in membership, 12 rose to be
painted each time this gain is record-
ed—the slogan to be, “watch our bou-
quet grow.” Delightful, stirring mu-
sic enlivened all sessions under the
able leadership of Miss Gladys Dun-
i kle, of State College. At the after-
i noon session one of the most interest-
ing features was the one to two min-
ute reports from local presidents, each
telling of their special work of the
year. A great many took part in this,
| more being present than at any previ-
ous convention in vears.
A charming demonstration by the
tiny Temperance Light Bearers—chil-
dren under nine years ¢f age, ended
the afternoon session. At the open-
ing of the evening sessicn Rev. Car-
son led the devotional exercises, after
which songs by the Loyal Temperance
Legioners, young people between the
ages of nine and fifteen years, were
rendered in an inspiring manner. The
greetings by Mrs. Williams, president
of the Unionville Union, followed and
was gracefully responded to by Mrs.
S. W. Smith, president of Centre Hall
| Union. This was followed by a beau-
| tifully rendered vocal solo by Miss
' Rumberger, of Unionville.
Mrs. Romans then took the plat-
i form and delivered the address of the !
| evening in her charming and mas-
| terly style, which brought forth
| rounds of applause from time to time
‘ from the large audience present. Her
! subject was along the lines of true pa-
| triotism, that which would make the
| world safer and cleaner for our soldier
‘boys and others.
{ horror and grief which would take
| year’s warfare we read of one hun-
i dred thousand of our country’s brav-
1 est men being sacrificed on the Eu-
| ropean battlefields, yet one hnudred
| thousand and over every year in this |
| country of ours go down to drunkard’s |
| graves, and how few take it really to
heart and realize the true meaning of
i the Bible assertion, “that no drunkard
shall inherit the kingdom of Heaven.”
She spoke of President Wilson’s and
Mr. Hoover's appeals to the women of
the land to save bread crusts, and yet
no word was sent forth to the men of
the nation to refrain from tobacco and
intoxicants. She asked why, when
meatless and wheatless de ys are being
asked of the people should there not
be a Leerless and smokeless day as
well? Just one day’s abstinence from
smoking and beer-drinking would save
for our country millions of dollars for
the nation’s defense. She also dwelt
upon the enormous waste of grain in
the manufacture of beer and wine.
She spoke with righteous indignation
of the fact that in France today our
American soldiers are given wine and
intoxicants in their dailv rations. She
said President Wilson should have set
forth his ultimatum in the very begin-
ning that not one soldier of ours
should be sent across the waters to aid
the fighting nations unless positive as-
surance be given that the rations for
this brave young manhood should not
contain the poisonous liquor which our
dwn country has seen fit and deemed
wisest to prohibit entirely to our sol-
dier boys. This sentiment was loudly
applauded.
The following resolution was intro-
duced and unanimously adopted and
ordered to be sent to Mr. Hoover at
Washington:
We, the members of the Woman's Chris-
tian Temperance Union of Centre county,
Pennsylvania, in convention assembled,
gladly go on record as willing to assist the
government in every movement for food
conservation, but we protest against the
use of food stuffs in the brewing of beer,
which makes a waste of food far greater
than can be saved in many homes. We
further recommend that all women include
a protest in their registration against the
inconsistency of our government in urg-
ing the women of the nation to extreme
economy, while it refuses to prohibit the
waste of food stuffs in brewing of beer.
Signed :
Miss REBECCA N. RHOADS, Pres.
Mrs. A. M. CLEES, Cor. Secy.
A few stirring remarks from Dr. R.
L. Weston, secretary of the Bellefonte
Y. M. C. A., and the closing prayer by
Rev. Carson closed the evening ses-
sion, after which an informal and very
pleasant “Get Acquainted” hour was
enjoyed before those prasent dispersed
for the night.
The chief features of Thursday
morning’s session were the reports
from the various superintendents of
departments, the organization of a
county Young People’s branch, the sil-
ver medal contest and a brief talk by
Rev. Brandt, superintendent of the
Anti-Saloon League.
The superintendents reported much
work accomplished along the various
lines they were interested in. The
others less prominent ‘have spoken |
business and social meetings, advocat- |
She spoke of the |
‘officers: Miss Gladys Dunkle, State
| College, superintendent; Mr. Edward
: Thompson, Philipsburg, president;
' Miss R. N. Rhoads, Bellefonte, and
| Prof. A. L. Wright, State College,
| vice-presidents; Miss Bertha Han-
! cock, Philipsburg, corresponding sec-
retary; Miss Bertha Flagg, State Col-
i lege, recording secretary, and Miss
| Eloise Buck. Unionville, treasurer.
' county Y. P. B. elected the following :
| Announcement was made that the
'Y. P. B. annual econvenlion will
held in Bellefonte next June, which
be
: will be a great event in Centre county |
| W. C. T. U. history.
The five young participants in the |
| silver medal contests wer: all between |
| the ages of twelve and Jourteen, in- |
i clusive, and each recite their selec-
! tions in such an interesting way that
: the threz judges, Mrs. Romans, Prof. |
; Wright and Rey. Brandt, found it dif-
|
|
| ficult to award the prize—a silver |
i medal. However, it was
| Milesburg, with special
i ville. To each of the others attrac-
| tive little pins were given. Those who
| took part were: Miss Alice Davis
and Miss Sarah Minnemyer, of Belle-
i fonte; Miss Hulda Kunes, of Blanch-
ard; Miss Vera Peters, of Milesburg,
: and Blanchard Helt, of Unionville. It
| is hoped that at next year’s convention
i a gold medal contest can be held by
| winners of silver medals. A beautiful
| solo was rendered by Mrs. Wright,
| president of the State College Union,
! during the contest. Rev. Brandt’s re-
: marks were of much interest, but lack
of time precluded a fuller presenta-
tion of the political situation in the
State, which he had been asked to
give.
The presentation by Miss Dunkle,
of State College, of the interesting
work of the first Pennsylvania W. C.
T. U. training school at Millersville
this summer, which she attended as a
student in company with Miss Rhoads,
of Bellefonte, was a feature of the
Thursday morning session.
The Thursday morning session
proved too short to finish all the busi-
ness so the election of officers was
carried over to the Central and Exec-
utive committee meeting to be called
the latter part of this month.
In the closing moments of the con-
vention the white ribbon was tied up-
on the tiny wrist of the infant child of
Mr. and Mrs. Lucas, of Unionville, as
| was also done earlier to the two little
| boys—twins of Mr. and Mrs. C. Un-
i derwood, of Unionville, initiating
i these little ones thus early in their
i lives in this great temperance band.
| The forming in a circle while clasp-
| ing hands and singing together “Blest
| Be the Tie that Binds,” with the bene-
{ diction, fittingly closed this thirty-
{ second annnal convention of the Cen-
| tre county Woman’s Christian Tem-
| perance Union.
The cordial hospitality for which
i Unionville is justly noted contributed
| very largely toward making the con-
| vention the success it was, for which
i the delegates are truly grateful.
| The Government Stamp Collection.
I! In the northwest court of the older
| building of the National Museum is a
{ United States government stamp col-
{ lection about which the general pub-
i lic knows very little. Up to 1908 the
| collection included only nbout twenty- | not bacteria, as these pass through ! are a growing number of clear-sight-
i five hundred stamps, but in that year
the gift of a New York collector in-
; | creased it by twenty thousand speci- |
| possession of us if at the end of a!
mens.
In 1912, says the report of the Unit-
ed States National Museum for 1914,
the Museum obtained by transfer the
‘ more essential parts of the large exhi-
bition of the -Postoffice Department,
which comprised the stamps, stamped
envelopes and postal cards of all the
nations of the world, to the number of
nearly two hundred thousand. The
original collection consisted chiefly of
a large cabinet with sliding frames,
in which the main series of stamps
had been installed, including those
printed for the United States by pri-
vate firms and by the Bureau cf En-
graving and Printing, and the foreign
stamps received through the Interna-
tional Bureau of the Universal Postal
Union at Bern, Switzerland. The re-
mainder of the collection included
sheets of stamps, envelopes and pos-
tal cards mounted on swinging screens
for various American expositions;
many separate sheets of stamps and
individual specimens; and several al-
bums of stamps and of United States
stamps.
The installation of the collection, in-
stead of according with the usual ster-
eotyped alphabetical arrangement
throughout, agrees virtually with that
of the coins and medals. It begins
with the United States, 2nd the for-
eign nations follow in alphabetical or-
der with the stamps of their colonies
grouped together geographically. Ul-
timately, an alphabetical and number-
ed list of all the countries and colonies
represented will make it possible to
find any set of stamps without loss of
time.
The total capacity of the twc hun-
dred and ninety-six frames in the
present cabinet is about seventy-five
thousand stamps. The collection is by
no means complete; it is in fact only
the nucleus of a greater and more per-
fect representation of the stamps of
the world that will he gradually
rounded out. It lacks especially the
rare specimens of collectors and com-
mon varieties of certain periods, par-
ticularly of foreign issues.
In general the mounting is of single
stamps of each issue, but when neces-
sary to serve a particular purpcse
they are mounted in airs, strips,
blocks or sheets. A selected series of
the stamped envelopes of the United
States follows the stamps of that
country. In addition to the exhibi-
tion series there will eventually be a
reserve series for the use of students
of philately.—Ex.
rrr rr ——
——The Spokane Chronicle de-
scribes an aeroplane built at Spokane,
Wash., for use in delivering mail in
Alaska. The vehicle is provided with
an aeroplane engine, and is driven by
a large propellér. The machine is ca-
pable of traveling over any depth of
snow at a rate of 75 miles an hour.
——Hunnemannia, th: Mexican tu-
lip poppy, is one of the finest in the
family either for garden ornament or
cut flowers.
finally be- |
{
i
'
!
|
| the
| STRAIN our milk,” implying that the
Health and Happiness |
“Mens sana in corpore sano”
A SERIES of articles on the rela- ||
tion of bacteria to milk now
being published in the Watchman :
Aug. 17—The Bacterial Content of
Milks Supplied to Bellefonte.
Aug. 24 —How the Number of Bacte-
ria in Milk is Determined.
What Are Bacteria ? The
Microscopic Appearance of
Bacteria.
Sept. 28—Sources of Bacteria in
Milk.
WHY?
The reader, who has been following
round of applause, showing as it did, | stowed upon Miss Vera Peters, of the articles on the bacteriology of
honorable | milk may wonder why so much space |
ty work after several hundred dollars | mention to Blanchard Holt, of Union- | should have been given to a general i ] } ]
| are quite pressingly ignorant.
description of bacteria. Fermenta- |
tions of milk are simply a result of the !
activities of bacteria and to under- |
derstand and control these activities |
we must first know characteristics of |
the agents producing them and where
these ubiquitous and anomalous caus- |
al-agents or germs are found. If you,
will not only read but STUDY care-'
fully numbers 21, 22 and 23 of the se- .
ries, you will have the foundation up-
on which may be built an intelligent |
and more-easily-formed conception of |
the relation of bacteria not only to!
milk (dairy bacteriology) but to in-!
fectious diseases (pathogenic bacteri-
ology) for these diseases are only fer-
mentations caused by the growth of
certain bacteria. Therefore, whether
our desire be to keep our milk from
souring or our bodies from disease, to
accomplish it intelligently we must
first learn how to deal with the organ-
isms causing the trouble. It would be
absurd to attempt to win the present
World’s War without studying the
traits of the Germans, their methods
of attack, means of defense, powers of
endurance and the like. To win our
war against troublesome and harmful
bacteria, itis equally necessary to
learn their favorite points of attack,
their lurking places, how they can be
starved out, kept in subjection or en-
tirely vanquished. For instance, if
you want to protect your child from
the dangers of tuberculous milk and
yet object to the cooked flavor of the
boiled product, you must know the
thermal death point of the tubercle
bacillus. It is safe to say that not ten
people out of a hundred could state
correctly the difference between pas-
teurization and sterilization, or be-
tween boiling and sterilization. Quite
recently a dairyman and a supposedly
intelligent mother made the same re-
ply to a remark of mine, “but we
bacteria were thus removed. You,
who have been made familiar with the
minuteness of bacteria, know of |
course, that straining through a cloth |
or strainer, as is ordinarily done, will
remove coarser particles of dirt but
unimpeded. In a widely advertised
series of articles published during the
last few months in a big daily news-
paper, a certain precaution was given |
to protect agains “flies and other
germs.” It is to correct erroneous |
ideas of this order that a systematic |
series of lessons is now being publish- |
ed in the “Watchman.” Why should |
I be urging the necessity of clean |
milk, at a time when it is a serious |
question to get milk of any sort? |
Consider the following statistics from
the census bureau:
PENNSYLVANIA THIRD IN
MORTALITY.
“From figures issued by the census
bureau, Washington, August 23, in
eleven States and the District of Co-
lumbia, Pennsylvania stands third in
infant mortality under one year. Of
six metropolises in the district
covered by the bureau, Pittsburgh
stands second highest in deaths for
that age, with 110 deaths to each 1000
births. The highest death rate for in-
fants in the area examined for cities
of more than 25,000, is in Shenandoah,
Pa., with 196 deaths to the 1000. In
cities under 25,000 population, Dun-
more, Pa., is second with 195.”
INFANT
Can we afford to ignore these fig-
ures which convict us of neglect and
carelessness? How? New York, the
largest of the six cities, has the low-
est death rate, 99 in 1000. Why?
She has waged a vigorous and success-
ful campaign for clean milk as that is
the first requisite in conservation of
infant mortality. True, ve are only a
small country town but “ve are a con-
tributory factor or unit of the State,
educating our children, sending them
to college and on into larger commu-
nities and cities there to influence and
be influenced. We allow ourselves to
be taxed to erect and maintain a hand-
some school building and then turn
out a product of six in one hundred
physically fit! We prefer that Dr.
Dixon does not visit our town lest he
condemn our sewerage-system and in-
volve the borough in needless (?)
expenditures! An esthetic environ-
ment is to be desired kut, if some
thing has to be sacrificed, let it be the
non-essentials and give the next gen-
eration milk and water, safe beyond
question. If you feel you cannot af-
ford to pay for clean milk dispense
with the ribbon bows on the children’s
hair and your fancy shoes and stock-
ings and put the money where it will
bring lasting results.
At least, afford twenty minutes a
week and read facts and fallacies
about bacteria and milk and allow
yourself to be convinced. Don’t
hide behind the fallacy that it
didn’t hurt our grandmothers, but
rather remember that many of us are
cripples for life because our grand-
mothers didn’t know about bacteria
‘of us, with quite the same sureness
| and accuracy as we could meet inqui-
, ries about its present or its past. Two
! things we do know—Finland has wom-
! pressed by Russia. But cven on these
| Duke is the Czar; for the past sixteen
| for a long time the national movement
which practically began in the year of
| peril.
| won the right to its language and its
i literature. .
and that our grandchildren cannot ex- .
cuse us on a similar plea. |
ELIZABETH B. MEEK, i
(Former bacteriologist, The Pennsylvania |
State College.) i
Finland and the Fins.
i
Not tragically as does Poland, but !
Finland lays irresistible
The fate of Finland when the
And our knowledge of Fin-
land is so very slight! We would an-
swer questions about its future, most
an suffrage, and Finland has been op-
outstanding points most people are
lamentably vague. We cannot help
being interested in Finland. But we
In Reade’s “Finland ind the Firms”
we find much interesting information
concerning this most interesting
country. One’s first thought about
Finland is apt to be a recognition of
the sheer anachronism of its civiliza-
tion and its place in the world. For
more than a hundred years Finland
has been a part of the Russian Em-
pire, a grand duchy whose Grand
years the “Russianization” of Finland
has proceeded relentlessly. Yet dur-
ing this century of Ruscian control,
and especially during the years of
growing Russian oppression, Finland
has taken her place as one of the most
progressive nations of Kurope in a
definite march toward socialization.
Finland passed from the possession
of Sweden to that of Russia after the
war of 1808-1809. The Finns had re-
ceived Christianity and West Europe-
an culture from Sweden, and the two
races had largely intermarried. Swed-
ish was the necessary one of the two
languages, necessary for education
and for cfficial or social position, and
the cession to Russia was concerned
with the establishment of Finnish as
an “equal language” with the Ilan-
guage of the Swedes. In 1809 Alex-
ander I renewed the constitution
which Finland had held under Swe-
den, and until comparatively recent
times it was more rigorcusly observed
than it had been under the last Swed-
ish kings. And Finland, freed from
the devastation of age-long wars to
which she had to so grest an extent
supplied the battleground, began to
develop as a nation.
Mr. Reade sketches, very readable
indeed, the growth of the country, its
literature, its long struggle over lan-
guage, its controversies in education
and politics over the rivalry between
Finns and Swedes. During those
years Russia was a background
scarcely sensed, and very far away.
Itis only recently that the foe of Fin-
nish nationality has been the Russians
without and not the Swedes within,
and that the two parties in Finland
have begun to unite against a common
But meanwhile Finland had
Now, the writer points out, “there
ed persons of every party who real-
ize that the time for hatred and dis-
union is over, and that an era of rein-
tegration and co-operative endeavor
is over-due; that to persist in carry-
ing on international quarrels at a
time when the very existence of the
country is threatened by Russia
would be dangerous in the extreme.”
For the Finns are West Europeans.
Russia’s first period of denationaliza-
tion in Finland began dramatically in
1899, when the present Czar decreed
that the constitution of the grand
duchy was no longer to be observed
“where Imperial interests were con-
cerned.” It ended with a very differ-
ent sort of dramatic quality with the
assassination of the Russian gover-
nor-general in 1904. The second per-
iod of Russianization began shortly
after the Russian revolution of 1905,
and was still in progress at the out-
break of war. But Finland and the
Russian Constitutionalists had al-
ready begun to recognize the fact that
they were natural allies, and to make
beginnings of co-operation. All this
is exceedingly interesting in the light
of war events.
A large part of Mr. Reade’s book is
taken up with descriptions of the
cities and the countryside of Finland
—of modern bursting Helsingfords
and of the old-world furms, of the
summer beauties of the country and
of its gay winter sports. There are
fascinating recountings, too, of quaint
customs still quite vividly alive in this
very modern land—customs that are
like tales of centuries ago.—Ex.
How the Body is Nourished.
The bodily process known as assimila-
tion is well explained in these words: “As
the blood, in its circulation, approaches
any organ, the portions thal are appropri-
ate for this organ feel its attractive force,
obey it, and leaving the others, mingle
with the substance of its tissue and are
changed into its own true and proper
natare.”
How important it is that the blood
should be pure and rich, not loaded with
worn-out and useless matter! Hood’s Sar-
saparilla purifies and enriches the blood,
and does all it is possible for medicine to
do in the way of perfecting, assimilacing
and building wp the whole system. When
you have made up your mind to take
Hood's Sarsaparilla, insist (n having it—
don’t accept a substitute, for no substitute
acts like it. 62-36
Posed as Boy for Ten Years.
Cleveland, Ohio.— When a call came
for registration June 5, Harry Hoff-
mann, thirty years old, whose real
name is Lillian Myers, registered.
Failure to appear for examination
caused her detention by police.
Today she broke down and confess-
ed that for the last ten years she has
been masquerading in male attire.
During these years she has worked as
a soda fountain attendan:i, ice wagon
driver, grocery clerk and mover—al-
ways as a man.
——Subsecribe for the “Watchman.”
rR ——
FARM NOTES.
—Dr. E. L. Volgenau, a successful
veterinarian, says that equal parts of
nitre, ether and laudanum, given in
doses of one-half ounce, is a good cure
for colic in horses.
—Many recommend sheep for feed-
} -- "ing in orchards rather than swine.
. with much the same keen speculative | g A
interest,
i claim on our attention in these war
: days.
“war ends forms one of the most ab-
| sorbing of the “settlement” questions
: asked, now and then, by nearly every
| one of us.
They leave no safe cover for insects
to breed, and will keep the orchard
healthy and the trees manured.
—The average life of the city horse
is said to be six years. In view of the
enormous amount of horses used in
cities it is no wonder the demand for
good ones is so large and steady.
—The difference between slop and
swill for hog feed is mainly one of
quality. Water polluted with wun-
healthy refuse is merely swill, but
slop is a mixture of good feeds and
gocd fluids free from putridity.
—Give a bran mash Saturday night
or Sunday noon; and on Wednesday
night also, if work is slack. After a
long day in very cold or wet weather
a hot mash, half bran and half oats,
with a tablespoonful of ginger, will do
the horse good.
—Sometimes, when cows are fed on
dry feed, the churner finds that her
butter will not gather. Experience
has taught that a little soda added tc
the cream when this is the case will
almost invariably cause the scattered
bits of butter to gather in a mass; and
fhe butter quality is not injured in the
east.
—There are two ways by which we
can increase the supply of beef and at
the same {ime increase our profits
from feeding: (1) By breeding more
cattle on our farms and increasing
their efficiency. (2) By using more
care and skill in the combining foods,
so that more beef can be produced
from a given quantity of grains and
grasses grown.
—To toughen horses’ shoulders it is
adivsed to use two ounces of hemlock
bark and two cunces of oak bark for
one gallon of vinegar. Pat in ull the
alum that will dissolve. Apply the so-
lution to the herses’ shoulders for four
or five days before the work commene-
es in the spring, and your herses will
have no more sore shoulders, provided
the collars are correctly fitted.
—To have plain salt pork rub each
piece of meat with fine common salt
and pack closely in a barrel. Let
stand over night. The next day weigh
out 10 pounds of salt and two ounces
of saltpeter to each 100 pounds of
meat and dissolve in four gallons of
boiling water. Pour this brine over
the meat when cold, cover and weight
down to keep it under the brine. Meat
will pack best if ~ut into pieces about
six inches square. The pork should
be kept in the brine till used.
—Horse manure is valuable. It con-
tains nitrogen, and nitrogen is worth
at least eight cents 2 pound. A horse
produces about 15 tons of manure and
litter a year, containing 180 pounds of
nitrogen. Manure keeps best when it
is compact and protected from the
weather. Liquid manure should be
kept separate and not mixed with the
dry, or they both deteriorate. In these
days when our soils are crying for ni-
trogen and other ingredients, manare
should be jealously guarded.
—Dr. Marshall, a Pennsylvania in-
stitute speaker, says that whitewash-
ing of dairy barns should be done for
the sake of general sanitation, but the
main point in the fight against tuber-
culosis is the elimination of the dark
stables and filthy stali conditions.
Where clean methods are used in the
keeping of cows, he advises the use
of a 2ompound made from one pound
of chloride of lime and five gallons of
whitewash, which, when put on the
walls and stable partitions, acts as an
effective preventive of disease.
—Pickled and cured meats are
smoked to aid in their preservation
and to give flavor and palatability.
The creosote formed by the combus-
tion of the wood closes the pores to
some extent, excluding the air, and it
is objectionable to insects. The best
fuel for smoking meats is green hick-
ory or maple wood, smothered with
sawdust of the same material. Hard-
wood of any kind is preferable to soft
wood, and resinous woods should nev-
er be used, as they are likely to im-
part bad flavors to the meat.
Meat that is smoked should be re-
moved from the brine two or three
days before being put in the smoke-
house. If it has been cured in a strong
brine it will be best to soak the pieces
in cold water over night to prevent a
crust of galt from forming on the out-
side when drained. Hang the pieces
separately in the smokehouse and
keep up a good smothered fire in a pot
or small stove without a stovepipe.
An even temperature should be main-
tained, as if the meat is allowed to
cool and become cold after being
warmed up once the smoke does not
penetrate readily. After this meat
has been sufficiently smoked it should
be allowed to thoroughly cool and be-
come firm, when it may te taken down
and packed for the summer.
There are different mechods of keep-
ing meats for summer. It is a good
plan to rub each piece with a good
coating of ground pepper. This will
aid in keeping out insects. Wrap the
pieces in parchment paper (newspa-
pers will do) and then inclose them in
muslin or canvas bags. These bags
should then he covered with a wash of
some kind, to which glue has been
added. Ordinary lime wash will do as
well as anything else. A good yellow
wash is made by using the following
recipe:
For 100 pounds of ham or bacon
take 2 pounds barytes (barium sul-
phate,) 1 ounce glue, 1% ounces
chrome yellow (lead chromate) and
2-5 pound flour. Fill a pail half full
of water and mix in the flour, dissolv-
ing all lumps thoroughly. Dissolve
the chrome in a quart of water in a
separate vessel and adil the solution
and the glue to the flour; bring the
whole to a boil and add the barytes
slowly, stirring constanily. Make the
wash the day before it is required
Stir it frequently when using and ap-
ply with brush.
We have also seen cured meats stor-
ed during the summer in a bin of weod
ashes. The meat does nos need to be
wrapped in paper, but just buried well,
the pieces not touching each' other, in
ashes.
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