Bellefonte, Pa., September 15, 1916. IT IS BETTER. It is better to lose with a conscience Than win by a trick unfair; T'ts better to fall and know you’ve been, Whatever the prize was, square, : Than to claim the joy of a far-off goal And the cheer of the standers by, And to know deep down in your inmost soul A cheat you must live and die, Who wins by trick may take the prize, And at first he may think it sweet, But many a day in the future lies When he’ll wish he had met defeat. For that ome who lost shall be glad a heart And walk with his head up high, While the conqueror knows he must play his part Of a cheat and a living le. The prize seems fair when the fight 3s on, But save it is truly won You will hate the thing when the crowds are gone, For it stands for a false deed done. And it’s better you never should reach your goal Than ever success to buy At the price of knowing down in your soul That your glory is all a lie. —Edgar A. Guest. Cultured Soldiers Bravest in War. Paris—The discussion of courage as developed by the war and as mani- fested by individual soldiers under fire has drawn interesting contribu- tions from Dr. Charles Richet, of the French Institute, and the Abbe Mor- eaux, Director of the Bourges Obser- vatory. Doctor Richet is of the opinion that fear and courage must be considered separately, that the former exists in certain temperaments alongside the latter, that a man may be unable to control the terrifying effect of a dan- .gerous situation upon his physical faculties and yet stand his ground in the face of almost certain death through the exercise of his will These men he considers the bravest of all. Among the soldiers who hold their ground under murderous fire there are always some who are afraid and others who are not, says Doctor Richet, but all prove their bravery by yu being there, the cowards have fled. Considering the whole war, taking into account atrocious features that have developed here and there and with all the allowance made for ocea- sional weaknesses, Doctor Richet con- siders that the soldiers have shown heroism that justifies a great deal of pride on the part of the present gen- eration, in spite of the belief that seemed to prevail before the great conflict that intellectual develop- ment, with progress in science, let- ters and arts, while ennobling the mind, had diminished personal cour- age. The question was frequently dis- cussed as to whether the delicate and subtle culture of later years was not going to produce a tame-spirited and effeminate generation, preferring well-being to arduous effort and in. capable of comprehending the beauty of sacrifice. It is exactly the contra- ry that has been demonstrated ac- cording to Doctor Richet; the most cultivated and refined of the young men of France and Great Britain having been those who have shown the greatest bravery. Students of the Sorbonne and other French uni- . versities, students of Eton, Oxford . and Cambridge, set the example. These are the men, Doctor Richet says, who have shown most courage in its simplest form; that is to say, by supreme contempt for death, and that contempt, he, concludes, is not the result of philosophical reflection, but is simply the spontaneous mani- festation of inherent bravery. Never, even among the heroes of antiquity, according to Doctor Richet, was there shown so much of this kind of abne- gation and so much tranquil self-sac- rifiece—supreme courage—as in the present conflict. As to the men who are naturally brave and take supreme risks with- out requiring an effort of the will to overcome fear, Dr. Richet gives dif- ferent reasons, the first of which is that some of them do not believe in danger; they imagine that they are invulnerable—that they have a lucky star; they are surrounded by a sort of optimistic fatality that gives them a feeling of security. In other cases these naturally brave men, even when they believe in danger, are not intimidated by it because they have in their ¢wn minds already made the sacrifice of their life; once that conclusion is reached—to die or to be wounded is something that does not torment them. ? Others, and perhaps the great ma- jority, are neither those that are in- different to death nor those who be- lieve in their lucky star; they are men who see before them other more powerful images than that of death, such as the fatherland, sense of duty, of hovor, renown of the regiment, ambition to earn praise of promotion, pride at being admired by one’s com- rades, and shame at being taken for a coward. In nearly all these cases the idea of death and danger disappears and the soldier is brave without ef- fort. He forgets every risk that he is taking in the presence of the image that he has in his mind. The number of these naturally brave men is notably larger light and in the presence of com- manding officers and comrades that at night on sentry duty or on solitary mission that no witness will be able to recount. Men who acquit them- selves on such missions without flinching, Doctor Riche: considers the bravest of all. In the contsant habit of it all no- tion of danger finally disappears, as in the case of aviators, most of whom, the first time they are up in the air, have a sensation of fear in spite of all reasoning. After a certain number of ascensions, the physical manifesta- in day- | tions of apprehension disappear; to be supported in the air by the speed of the motcr seems to them to be the simplest thing pessible, and certain pilots have declared that they felt themselves in greater safety seated in their aeroplanes in the air than when riding in an automobile. The hardened warriors of African campaigns, habituated to all the risks of war, were naturally more stolid under fire than young recruits who had seen nothing of military life but the barracks and the maneuvers, and vet, according to the Abbe Moreaux, even those seasoned men, in presence of the new and formidable dangers of scientific warfare, showed no more fortitude than the young recruits who had only a few months of preparation before facing the enemy. . Abbe Moreaux is of the opinion that the war itself has developed all the latent fortitude of the race, and he expects that the has suffered this war will find itself with new resources created by it. The sentiment of union of common inter- est and patriotism will have been re- awakened, he thinks, pusillanimous creature, army and out of it, will have a new courage born of the virtue that makes heroes. The entire nation, he thinks, will participate in this re- awakening of latent forces. Director Krusen Issues Warning Against Stale Food. Practical ways and means of avoid- ing the purchase and use of spoiled meats, poultry, fish and other provis- ions which during hot weather “taint” quickly if not properly pre- served by ice and may cause ptomaine poisoning are made plain by Director Krasen. He suggests that house- keepers learn how to detect such food by observing the following descrip- tions of different foods as they should appear if fresh and wholesome: Fresh beef should be of a rosy red color, with cream-colored, firm, elastic fat, and scarcely moist when touched with the finger. Do not buy wet, flabby beef that is pale or purple. Lamb or mutton should be firm close grained and light red in color, with fat that is white and hard. Fresh veal is pale red (unless milk fed, when it is light), with firm white fat between the muscles and sur- rounding tissues and scarcely moist to the touch. Bad veal is soft, mushy, sticky and nas a very red tinge, while the fat has a grayish lead color. Good pork is solid, has pure white fat and pink flesh. Do not buy pork that is soft and yellow. Poultry should be firm to the touch, pink or yellow in color and possess a fresh odor and unbroken skin. Stale poultry is flabby, bluish green on the crop and abdomen ond has a bad odor; the eyes are sunken, there is a wasted appearance of the flesh of the head and the skin pulls apart easily. All shellfish should smell fresh and the shells should close firmly when put into water or touched with the finger. Shellfish should be alive when conked. Fresh fish should have red gills and moist bright scales, clear eyes, and should be firm and rigid when han- dled. Stale fish is flabby, has dull scales, the eyes are sunken and cover- ed with a film, the gills are pale, or of greenish color, and the fish has a bad odor. All lumpy fish should be rejected, as the growth may be can- cer. To detect decomposing meats in cans before opening, inspect the ends of the can, and if they bulge, discard the can. This bulging is due to ac- cumulated gases of decomposition that push the ends outward by force of pressure. Leaking and rusty cans should also be discarded. Canned meats should be free from mold. The odor of such meats should be the same as when freshly prepared. If the meat is putrid exposure to heat will make it possible to detect the foul odor. Woman’s Club Committees. Following is a list of the officers and’ committees of the Woman’s club of | Bellefonte for the year 1916--'17: President.—Mrs. John S. Walker. Civics.—Mrs.' J. Thomas Mitchell. Conservation.—Miss Anna Valentine, chair- man ; Mesdames Andrews, John Blanchard, | Clark, Cook, Fenlon, Harper, Keller, Love, Miller, McSuley, Orvis, Reynolds, Schloss, John Shugert, and Misses Eliza Thomas and Louise Valentine. i League of Good = Citizenship.—Mrs. J. L, Montgomery, chairman; Mesdames Edmund Blanchard, Casebeer, Shoop, Walker; Misses Cook, Gephart, Mary Hoy, Hill, Keichline, Linn, Olewine, Rankin, Caroline Valentine. Community.—Mrs. J. Thomas Mitchell, Miss Blanchard, Mesdames Brown, Daggett, A. O. Furst, Gilmore, Harris, Thomas Hazel, Heverly, Mingle, Noonan, Spangler, Valentine, Yeager; Misses Aiken, Montgomery, McCoy, Snyder, Underwood, Willard. Sewing Class.—M1s. John Porter Lyon, chairman; Mesdames Apt, Brewer, Conley, George Hazel, Mensch, Scott; Misses Short- lidge, McQuistion. Domestic Science.—Mrs. John I Olewine, chairman ; Mesdames Brouse and Gilmore. Temperance.—Miss Rhoads, chairman; Dr. Schad, Mesdames Dinges, Willard, Gettig, Miss Anna Hoy. Public Health.—Miss Overton, chairman; Misses ‘Meek, Williams, Shortlidge ; Mesdames Bower, Hayes, Dale, Quigley, Schad, James Furst, Gehret, Harper, Keichline, Lyon, Pot- ter, Thompson, Whiting, Ward. Charity.—Mrs. R. S. Brouse, chairman ; Misses. McCurdy, McLaughlin, Maiy Thomas ; Mesdames Beezer, Badger, Crider, Cherry, Furey, Gray, Gamble, Grauer, Katz, Robert Morris, Schaeffer, Whitmyer, Richard, Beaver, John Shugert, Linn. Children’s Aid.—Mrs. J. Thomsa Mitchell. Prevention of Cruelty to Animals,—Mrs. Gettig, Miss Louise Valentine. Publicity.—Miss Overton, chairman ; Misses Brockerhoff, Alice Dorworth, Humes, Meek, Potter, Smith, Williams; Mesdames Beach, Hayes, Wagner. : 5 Nominating.—Mrs. Robert dames Sloop, Thompson. Year Book.—Miss Overton, Misses Meek, Elizabeth Dorworth, Mrs. Walker. Camp Fire Ty Guardians.—Mrs. Helen M. Shugert, Mesdames . = Gephart, Finklestein, Keichline; Mise Blanchard. : Beach; Mes- generation that | and many a! both in the | | The Carrier Pigeon in War. | That the carrier pigeon has hy no | means ceased to be a factor in war- fare is the assertion of a writer in the { New York “Times”. The first order | to Belgian citizens after the German | occupation was, according to this | Writer, “Bring in your homing pig- ‘eons and firearms.” Belgium has for {many years been the home of cham- | pion homing pigeons. The intelli- | gence system organized under the su- : pervision of the Government depend- j ed on carrier pigeons for the rapid | transmission ‘ments of the German army. As a { means of preparedness, long before | the outbreak of the present war, the Belgian Government encouraged the breeding and - flying of carrier Dig- eons. Some 200,000 of them were of - ficially registered. Those that the Germans confiscated were shipped to Germany tc be used for breeding pur- poses. Now, it is asserted, they are being used in the signal service of the army and navy and in particular by air scouts, chiefly because ‘they are regarded as more reliable than the telegraph or wireless. Immediately after the outbreak of the war an elab. orate spy system in England through which Germany was provided with in- ‘telligence of the mobilization of Brit- ish volunteers was unearthed, and the | Government ordered the destruction (of all homing pigeons. It was sus- pected that many of them were na- tives of Germany. - The great obstacle to the free use | of the carrier pigeon is its instinct for hcme. When taken some distance from home and released, it will re- | turn to the point away frem home to | which it was taken. The French have | overcome this obstacle by = detailing ' several motor trucks as pigeon lofts: ' They are painted in brilliant colors, ‘and young pigeons soon learn to pick their home from among a number of | different colored trucks. It is esti- ; mated that at the height which he | most frequently takes for his flight— between 500 and 600 feet—the car- rier pigeon’s vision covers a radius of | 2bout 40 miles. On one occasion, it is reported, a pigeon when released re- ‘turned to a truck which in the mean- time had been moved 140 miles. It is | explained that iu doing this it was necessary for the pigeon to return to the original site of the truck, and | then to begin circling about it at an increased distance from the spot until it sighted the familiar colors of its home. | In the Franzo-Prussian war the : French developed the carrier pigeon ‘as a military asset to a remarkable | degree. When the Germans lay about i Paris, with every line of communica- tion between the beseiged city and the outside world cut, the French had inside the city 243 carrier pigeons which had been brought in for just | such an emergency. Except for a few : balloons which managed to evade en- ; emy sharpshooters, this was the only ! way the Parisians could make known | to the outside world their straighten- | ed circumstances. One pigeon is re- i ported to have carried 40,600 mes- i sages in a single flight. This was ac- ! complished by printing the messages 'in ordinary type on large sheets of | paper—abeout 50,000 words to the | sheet—then making a micro-photo- : graph of the sheet on films of colodi- ‘on paper about two inches square. The one pigeon carried 16 of these ‘papers rolled in a goosequill, the | whole weighing one twenty-fifth of i an ounce. Now the French army has : a distinet branch known as the pigeon ; service with some 15,000 birds in act- rual use or process of training. Like ! many song birds, they seem to care ‘ nothing for the din and tumult of ar- | tillery fire. When their course lies | over the scene of a battle, they never | hesitate. This has been proved by : observing the time consumed in long ‘ flights by birds of known speed. A ; well trained mature pigeon will cover as much as 500 miles hetween dawn and darkness, and while it will not fly at night, it will, withcut stopping for food or water, start at dawn the next day and fly until it reaches home or drops from exhaustion. An effort is being made to induce the American army and navy to use the birds, for it has been shown that in such instances as the Pershing expedition into Mex- ico, the failure of the wireless appa- ratus would have left Pershing with- out means of repcrting to his hase. ee er nes i President Pays His Rent With $2500 to Charity. Congressman Thomas J. Scully, of the Third New Jersey District has an- nounced the receipt of a check for $2500 from President Wilson, The money is to be divided among Mon- mouth county hospitals in accordance with the President’s agreement in ac- cepting Shadow Lawn as his Summer home. When a committee of Monmouth county citizens, headed by Congress- man Scully, made arrangements for the engagement of Shadow Lawn, Colonel Greenhut, the owner, refused to accept rental. The President, how- ever, insisted on contributing the sum required te charity. Flags are Scarce. So hearty has been the response to the appeal for Americanism that a shortage of flags has resulted and manufacturers cannot catch up with orders. It has long been the custom to fly the flag from school and other public buildings. Now many homes make it a daily practice to display the Stars and Stripes. A church in Rochester, N. Y., has recently had a flag-raising service on its lawn, the plan being to have the flag fly every day in the year. The fouth is as in- tensely loyal to the Stars and Stripes as any other part of the country. etapa Cag ——In no former war have the ani- mals played so large a part as they have in this now raging. Besides the horses, mules and oxen, there are the dogs serving in many ways, the cats ridding the trenches of rats and mice, the carrier pigeons, and even the white mice of the submarines, which are taken abroad to give warn- ing of any escape of gas. Well did Edward Everett Hale once say, “We are all in the same boat, animals and men. : of news of the move- ! ! cluded a measure looking to an adjust- | servitude” : a general railroad strike has been held SCENES OF NATURE. M. MURRAY BALSAM SCENE I. The silver road, a ribbon lay Beneath a fading sun, The farmer homeward took Lis way, His daily toil was done. SCENE II. The browsing cattle on the green, J The shepherd toy with crook ; The shimm’ring lake ’neath yellow beam, The song of rill and brook. SCENE IIL. The song birds sing their sweet refrain | From out the shelt’ring trees; | The drooring flowers plead for rain, Midst hum and drone of bees. SCENE 1vV. A man, a maid, 2 sky of blue, A world of joy and bliss; The man vows ever to Le true A sigh, a parting kiss. —_— Railroad Labor Agitation. Something ought to be done by Con- gress to round out the hasty legisla- tion embodied in the Eight-Hour bill, which: is zonfessedly an emergency measure passed with “he intention to avert the disaster that would be en- tailed by a general tie-up of the rail- roads of the country. Indeed, the program mapped out by President Wilson in his address to Congress in- ment of differences between the rail- roads and the trainmen on a reason- able basis—some judicial process for disclosing the merits of the present and future controversies. The pro- vision for a commission of inquiry in the Eight-Hour bill is indeterminate. The report to be made by that com- mission on the effect of the new law, after a lapse cf not less than six nor more than nine months, gives promise of nothing but a reopening of the con- flict at the end of the period of inves- tigation. The new law would make the re- adjustment of wages on the basis of a standard working day of eight hours an accomplished fact—provid- ing that it should be found that Con- gress has the constitutional power to ; establish scales of wages by legisla- tive fiat. At the most, the report of the commission might become a ful- crum by aid of which a rasie in the rates of transportation could be at- tained. But the Inter-state Com- merce Commission would not be bound by the report; and the Presi- dent’s recommendation, that Congress’ commit itself to an advance in rates if the new wage scale should necessi- tate an increase of railroad earnings, went unheeded. Senator Underwood’s proposal to give the Interstate Com- merce Commission authority to regu- late wages as well as rates, though recommended to the Senate by its In- terstate Commerce Committee, found no more favor than did the President’s suggestion that the Canadian Indus- trial Disputes act be adopted in a slightly modified form. The objection that legislation of this character would lead to “involun- tary servitude” is disingenous. No legal compulsion to work would be implied. The only force behind the findings of a board of inquiry would be the moral force of public opinion— to which men submit even though it may restrain them from doing what they have a legal right to do. Those who object to the exertion of such moral influence put their individual arbitrariness or wilfulness above the community consciousness. Perceiving the weakness of the “involuntary argument, labor leaders have sought more plausible grounds of opposition. The Canadian law, they say, enables employers to fortify themselves with strike-breakers dur- ing the progress of the investigation; and the frequency with which the findings of Canadian boards of in- quiry have been disregarded has brought the law into contempt. In the first six years of the operation of this law, however, only 18 out of 145 disputes investigated failed of suc- cessful adjustment. Tle menace of over this country for a whole year, during which period railroad mana- gers would have had ample oppor- tunity to recruit strike-breakers had they desired to do so. In fact, the most conspicuous failure of the Cana- dian law was not the result of the action of employers, but of employees. In 1912 the telegraphers went on strike because the findings of the board, though favorable to them, were not deemed favorable enough.—From the Philadelphia Record. Obregon a Humorist. One man seems destined to play a a continually more important role as the leading military figure on the Mexican side, says “World’s Work.” Villa was—for all we know, is—a bear; Alvaro Obregon is a coyote. Obregon is a square-jawed Span- iard, of florid complexion, very tall for a Mexican. Since he lost his right arm at the battle of Agua Prie- ta he has been growing fat. He does not speak a.word of English, but he has beautiful teeth and a most en- gaging smile which takes the place of vocabulary. Also he possesses that rare thing, a sense of humor. Describing the loss of his arm to an American at Tampico, he said that he had been hit by an expansive bullet and the wcund . Was so painful that he had lost consciousness. “It was a very efficient’ staff that I had,” he went on to say; “when I regained consciousness I found that they had already amassed my watch and pocketbook.” After this same battle at Agua Pri- eta, where he beat Villa, in Novem- ber, 1915, he telegraphed the jefe po- litico in Tarapico: “Six thousand Villista bandits have been wiped out by 4000 of our own.” Swindled. “My uncle from Kansas was in town last week.” 5 “How did he enjoy his visit?” “He didn’t. When he found out that the Eden Musee was closed he was so mad he threatened to sue the railroad company if they didn’t refund the price | treatments for our petty ailments by of his ticket.”—N. Y. World. FOR AND ABOUT WOMEN. DAILY THOUGHT Kindness has converted more sinners than zeal, eloquence or learning, and these three never converted any one unless they were kind also. Perhaps an act of kind- ness never dies, but extends the invisible undulations of its influence over the breadth of centuries.—Faber. Every Day Sun-Air Baths—We can personally manage sun-healing observing as nearly as possible the important rules mentioned, especially the one about gradually accustoming the naked body tc the 2ir and the sun bath, and taking short bathes, We must also remember that sun-stroke is possible in hot weather even if we are not where the sun’s rays directly strike the body. Of late, it is the fashion to go hat- >ss all summer, if not throughout the year. This custom is not without danger in hot weather. To expose the unprotected head to the sun’s rays for hours is likely to cause conges- tion, bad headaches, and all the ef- fects of a near-sunstroke. In the tropics, the head is always protected FARM NOTES. —Italy has over 3,000,000 women engaged in agricultural pursuits. —Sweet clover is a poor land crop; alfalfa requires a deep rich soil to do its best. —Washing the hands before milk- ing would be almost a joke on some farms; but all the best dairymen do it. —A vigorous campaign is now be- ing waged in England to get educated women to take up farm work in that country. —Hogs like to wallow in the mud, but it does not necessarily follow that a hog wallow is a good thing to have. Lots of shade is to be preferred. —The droppirgs of sheep are known to be very rich in fertility con- stituents, consequently the manure from a small flock of sheep is worth something to the farm. This is of far more benefit than is generally believ- —Professor Hedrick thinks he has discovered a better apple than the Baldwin. Other men before him have thought the same thing, but the Bald- win still leads, while its ambitious and no one ventures to go out at high noon. | Suppose you have any of the mus- | cles or neuralgic pains in your body; | suppose you work or stay much of | ‘our time ir. rooms where you get lit- | tle sunshine, then vacation time is | your opportunity for personally con- ducting sun-air bath treatments. If, you take them on the beach, be sure you have a stout, dark umbrella or | broad hat to protect your head. In the woods or garden lie with | your head sheltered by a tree or bush. Carefully select the best spot for your | sun-air bath. And when you have given one part of ‘your body a short sun-air bath, turn around. Your heels i and your back need the treatment : just as much as your abdomen. i You will find yourself drowsy in taking tke sun-bath, but a very short | nap is better than a longer sleep. ! A sun-bath taken regularly every day will take you a leng way on the ' road to health.—Good Health. There are many newnesses as to | collars; deep and round and shallow collars of crepe and linen and satin; | new banded effects of serge and crepe; novel sleeves and cuffs of serge and crepe, and scme even have trimmings and bands of gay Roman Siriged silks, or perhaps tiny colored eads. No garden of flowers or suggestions of gayety by means of bright colors |! is allowed by Dame Fashion in the : millinery world this fall. Black and tete de negre, dark blue, taupe and purple—this is about the entire | gamut the latest chapeaux are per- | Purple or plum mitted to range. color, by the way, seems to be having a veritable rage and some extremely smart shapes are seer in this rich color. One clever model of saucer-shape is of plum-colored beaver felt hound with gross grain ribbon and having one stiff loop of ribbon and a small silver feather which stands mischiev- ously out from the front. Many of the trimmings on these models are of small ribbon cockades or mental orna- ments of odd designs. Silver feathers about four inches long appear to be favorites and tassels, too, have their innings on some chic models. Em- broidery in silk, wool or beads is pop- ular on the sport hats. Of course, the | gamut of color is wider in ‘these, and on the high crown of one coral pink felt is embroidered a whole landscape ground all worked out in many-color- ed beads. A pretty model of black hatters’ plush has a trimming of flat rosettes of forget menots in blue, pink and bronze tones and a bar. shape in canary felt has an Ara- bian tassel, a big black silk one, bob- bing right down the middle of the front. Ostrich fancies are much used on the dressier hats and pheasant breasts are used on meny of the tur- ban shapes. Russian turbans and Napoleon tricorres are the smart models. Corn starch will remove stains from the dinner frock or party gowr.. One woman dropped grease on a delicate colored silk frock and put corn starch thickly on the under side, hung up the frock and in a few hours not a trace of grease remained. When the same woman came home with perspiration stains she treated them to a liberal bath of corn starch while moist and not a stain showed - when the goods dried. A simple but efficacious - steam remedy for cold in the head and hoarseness is to inhale steam from a sponge dipped in boiling water. Cover the sponge with toiling water, wrap a towel around it so that you can hold the ends of the towel instead of the scalding sponge, bury your nose and moutk in the covered sponge and breathe through nose and mouth. When the sponge loses heat remove the towel and pour on some more boiling water. : Cold compress is an excellent and easy cure for sore throat. Wrap cloths wrung out in iced water round the throat and renew 2s soon as they grow warm. No matter how convenient the electric lamp, in one of its many at- tractive forms, may be, there are many of us who find the candle of our grandmother’s day too fascinat- ing to discard. What is it that we love about the candle? Is it the fas- cinaticn of antiquity? Do we love to dwell on the thought that candles have lighted the revelries of Versail- les, the religious ceremonials of me- dieval churches, the early White House balls, the New England home- stead and the Southern plantation in all their comfortable homeliness? Or is it that candles cast a more bewitch- ing play of light and shadow, a most ecoming color, over one’s face, that we cling to them for dinner lights and like to have them at our bedside ? Let who will decide the question. In the meantime, let us continue to indulge our liking for candles and candlesticks. i lay their eggs chiefly on stunning little tur- | also among |! and much-boosted rivals are forgot- ten. : —The President has signed the Good Roads bill. This means the expendi- ture by the Government of $85,000,- 000 for roads within the next five years in States which duplicate the BIROuRS of money appropriated to them. —Progressive Virginia apple grow- ers are agitating for a compulsory spraying law. It is said that such a aw would be an inducement for Western orchardists to buy land and plant large commercial orchards in ' the Old Dominion. —Sheep raising is apt to be given more attention than it now receives because it seems that farmers are be- | ginning to realize their worth as farm animals. Wool continues to bring fair prices, and mutton will increasc i demard as people learn to use more of it. —=Sheep are able to consume con- siderable roughage, such as stover, straw, hay and silage. For this rea- son they are able to covert coarse ‘farm products into mutton and wool. . With pasture and roughage not much grain is required to fatten the ani- mals. —During July and August bot flies the long hairs in the horse’s legs. These eggs get into the horse’s mouth, hatch, and the insects attach themselves to the wall of the stomach. It is good practice to i clip off these leg hairs at intervals during late summer. —With an abundance of moisture in the soil and the land well prepared, we should see crops getting an excel- lent start. If a good beginning indi- cates a favorable ending, as many think it does, we should feel confident of the result next fall. All must ad- mit that depends upon a favorable start in farming. —The temptation is strong to push the horses too hard when weather is right to do farm work after weeks of wet weather, when everything went behind. It isn’t a wise thing to do, because valuable animals are apt to be suastruck and perhaps lost. And the loss of a good horse or two makes serious inroads on the season's profits ; altogether. —If a horse 1s overcome by the heat ‘get the animal into the shade imme- diately. Dash cold water over it, par- | with a little Dutch woman in the fore- | ticularly over its head, until the ani- 'mal’s temperature is about normal. : Give some stimulant, like whisky, , well diluted with water. Prompt ac- tion may save the animal, but as with most other things, prevention is a whole lot better than cure. —The size of the silo should be de- termined not by present requirements, but by future needs. Better build it 50 per cent. bigger than is now need- ed. Once you get using silage you will probably grow more of it. Are you building a silo this year? There is nothing that will enable a man to save his feed so that his cattle will utilize everything there is in it, like a good silo. —As an aid to rapid growth and early development pigs should eat while they are with their mothers. If the sows are fed grain, slop, skimmed milk, shorts, tankage, bran, etc., the pigs will soon learn to eat. They will begin to taste the -feed almost before you realize that they are old enough to eat. They will soon eat enough to help their nutrition, and it wiil then be an easy matter to wean them. —Two-thirds of the feeding value of the alfalfa plant is in the leaves. If the leaves are last in curing only one-third of the feeding value re- mains This makes it important that alfalfa hay be cured so as to save the leaves. This means that the alfalfa must be raked into wind-rows before the leaves dry or they will fall off. The alfalfa should be raked into wind-rows an hour or two after being cut. This not only saves the leaves, but also keeps it green and more of the flavor is retained. —Common garden or lawn ants which build their - little crater nests around houses, are distinct species from the true house ants. find their way into the house. Their colonies may be destroyed by drench- ing the nests with boiling water or injecting a small quantity of kerosene or coal oil into them. Where larger areas are affected it is sometimes ad- visable to spray the lawns with kero- sene emulsion, or with a very strong soap wash prepared by dissolving any common laundry soap in water, at the rate of one-half pound to one pound of soap to a gallon of water. Another method is to inject bisulphide of carbon into the nests, the quantity of the chemical depending upon the size of the nest. After the bisulphide of carbon has been injected, the en- trance to the nest should be closed by the foot in order to retain the chem- ical, whick will then penetrate through the underground channel and kill the ants. Although its fumes are disagreeable they are not poisonous to man and the higher animals. They may |, vot on oat’
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers