Esmee President Wilson Person- ally Addresses Congress Chief Executive Says Recent Elections Laid a Duty Upon the Democratic Party, Which Must Lighten the Bur- den of the People—Says It Would Be Unwise to Move Forward Headlong or With Reckless Haste; That Busi- ness Must Be Encouraged, Not De- stroyed, but That Everything That Has a Semblance of Privilege Must Be Abolished—Promises Special Mes- sage Dealing With Needed Banking and Currency Laws. To the Senate and House of Repre- sentatives: I have called the congress together in extrnordinary session because a | duty was laid upon the party now in power at the recent elections which it ought to pesform promptly in order | that the burden carried by the people | under existing law may be lightened | as soon as possible and in order. also, | that the business interests of the coun- | try may not be kept too long in sus-! pense as to what the fiscal changes | ® by American Press Association. PRESIDENT WILSON are to be to which they will be requir: ed to adjust themselves. It is clear to the whole country that the tariff | duties must be altered. They must be changed to weet the radical alteration in the conditions of our economic life which the country has witnessed with- in the lust generation. While the whole face and method of our indus- trial and commercial life were being changed beyond recognition the tariff schedules have remained what they were before the change began or have moved in the direction they were giv- | en when no Inrge circumstance of our industrial development was what it is | today. Our task is to square them with the actual facts. The sooner that | ir done the sooner we shall escape from suffering from the facts and the sooner our men of business will be! free to thrive by the law of nature tthe nature of free business) instead of by the law of legislation and arti ficial arrangement. How Tariff Has Grown, | We have seen tariff legislation wan- | der very far atield in our day—very far indeed from the tield in which our | prosperity might have had a normal | growth and stimulation. No one who | looks the facts squarely in the face or knows anything that lies beneath the surface of action can fail to perceive the principles upon which recent tariff legislation has been bused. We long ago passed beyond the modest notion of “protecting” the industries of the country and moved boldly forward to the idea that they were entitled to the direct patronage of the government. Kor a long time—a time so long that | the men now active in public policy | hardly remember the conditions that | preceded it—we have sought in oar tariff schedules to give each group of manufacturers or producers what they themselves thought that they needed ip order to maintain a practically ex- clusive market as against the rest of the world. Consciously or unconscious- ly we have built up a set of privileges and exemptions from competition be- hind which it was easy by any. even the crudest, forms of combination to organize monopoly. until at last noth fng Is normal, nothing is obliged to stand the tests of efficiency and econo- my. in our world of big business, but everything thrives by concerted ar- rangement. Only new principles of action will save us from a final hard | crystallization of monopoly and a com- plete loss of the inflnences that quick. en enterprise and keep independent’en- ergy alive. Must Abolish Privilege. It is plain whut those principles must be. We must abolish everything that bears even the semblausce of privilege or of any kini of artificial advantage and put our business men and pro ducers under the stimulation of a con- stant necessity to be efficient, econom- feal and enterprising. masters of com- petitive supremacy, better workers and merchants than any in the world. Aside from the duties"laid upon arti- cles which we do not and probably cannot produce. therefore, and the duties laid upon’luxuries and merely for the sake of the revenues they yield. the object of the tariff duties hence- forthelaid must be effective competi- tion. the whetting of American wits by contest with the wits of the rest of the It would be unwise to move toward this end headlong. with reckless haste or with strokes that cnt at the very roots of what has grown up among us by long process and at our own in- vitation. It does not alter a thing te upset it and break it aod deprive it of a chance to change. It destroys it We must make changes in our fiscal laws. in our fiscal system. whose ob- ject is development. a more free and wholesome development. not revolution or upset or confusion. We must build up trade. especially foreign trade. We need the outlet and the enlarged field of energy more than we ever did be- fore. We must build up industry as well and must adopt freedom in the place of artificial stimulation only so far as it will build, not pull down. In dealing with the tariff the method by | which this may be done will be a mat- ter of judgment, exercised item by | item. To some not accustomed to the excitements aud responsibilities of greater freedom our methods may in some respects and at some points seem heroic. but remedies may be heroic¢ and yet be remedies. It is our busi- ness to make sure that they are genu- ine remedies. Our object is clear. If , our motive is above just challenge | and only an occasional error of judz- ment is chargeable against us we shall be fortunate. Thorough, but Moderate. We are called upon to render the Limit on Income Tax is $4,000 Levy Will Range From 1 Per Cent on Salaries Between $4,000 and $20,000 to 3 Per Cent on Those Above $100,- 000—There Are Penalties For Evad- ing Payment. The proposed income tax is expected to yield an annual revenue of $100,000, 000. Chairman Underwood makes the following explanation of the provisions | of the law: In formulating this additional impost the attempt has been made to provide not only a source of revenue, but also a means of redressing in some measure the unequal tax burdens which result from the pracMce of basing the federal income entirely, upon customs and in- | ternal revenue duties. This is a sys- tem of taxation which Inev itably | throws the burden of supporting the government upon the stoulders of the ! consumers. It correspondingly excmupts | the men of large income, whose con sumption of the ordinary necessaries of life is subject to tariff taxation in a far less aggregate degree than is that | of the smaller income earners, who ex- pend the greater proportion of their re- | | sources for the ordinary necessities of © life. country a great service in more mat- | ters than one Our responsibility | should be met. and our methods should and well considered, as if we were beginners. We are to deal with the facts of our own day, with the facts of no other, and to make laws which square with those facts It is best indeed. it is necessary--to begin with the tariff. 1 will urge noth. ing upon you now ut the opening of your session which can obscure that first object or divert our energies from that clearly defined duty. At a later time | may take the liberty of ealling your attention to reforms which should pres lose upon the heels of the tarifl changes, if not accompany them, of which the chief is the reform of our banking and currency laws, but just now | refrain. For the present | put these matters on one side and think only of this one thing-—-of the changes in our fiscal system which may best serve to open once more the free chan: nels of prosperity to a great people whom we would serve to the utmost and throughout both rank and file. WOODROW WILSON The White House, April 8, 1913. INTEREST IN THE SESSION. ————— ' be thorough, as thorough as moderate | based upon the! | facts as they are, nnd not worked out In pursuance of these ideas it has been determined to levy upon incomes of wore than $4,000 annuaily a tax of | 1 per cent to be imposed upon the ex- cess of such incomes above the 31.000 mirimum upon the higher classes of income has also been included. This surtax will amount to 1 per cent extra upon the excess of incomes over $20,000 and not over $50,000. and 2 per cent extra upon the excess of incomes over $30,000 and not over £100,000. and 3 per cent upon the excess of incomes over $100,000 an- nually. This application of the pro- gressive principle in income taxation is believed to be fully warranted by the best theory on the subject and will add materially to the yield obtainable from a flat rate of taxation. The pro- gressive principle has already been sustained by the supreme court of the United States in the inheritance tax cases, and there can be no doubt that the same principle applies to the in- come tax included in H. R. 10 and will be fully uphkeld should it ever be called into question. Owing to defects in per- sonal property taxation the larger In- comes in the United States have for many vears been able to escape with less than their share of the general burden of taxation, and this inequality will be, it is believed, in part over- , come by the plan now proposed. For the First Time In Many Years Democrats Control. Elements in the extra session of con: gress are unusual. President Wilson has called the great body together at a | time when his party oas absolute cou- trol of every branch of the govern- ment relating to legislation This has not been the case before in twenty years. During that period of long ago when the Democrats were in power ['resident Cleveland called an extra’ session, but the conditions were vastly different from now, The extra session ander President Wilson is remarkable becnuse the Inw | makers to a large extent are men of | been a careful enumeration of all le-| | comparatively recent rise to promi | nence. Because of the fact that the Democratic party isgproviding a change from Republican rule for the first tine in sixteen years great interest is cen- | tered upon the doings of congress Virtunily a new goneration of legis lators has sprung up Definition of Income. The effort has been made to arrive at an Inclusive definition of income, which is described as: gains, profits and income derived from salaries, wages of compensation for per- sonal service of any kind and in what- ever form paid, professions, vocaMons, businesses, sales or dealings in property, whether real or’personal, growing out of the use of or interest in real or personal property, trade, commerce, interest, rent, dividends, premiums, securities or the transactions of any lawful business car- ried on for gain or profit eee In the attempt to establish a reasona- ble definition of net income there has gitimate deductions properly to be made from the total amount received by any individual and including taxes, losses, interes on state and municipal bonds and other items. While re-en- acting the present corporation tax, some improvements of detail have been introduced. among them a change in the fiscal year, for which report is to | be made. improvements that have long With but un very | few exceptions there are no men who | figured in congressional doings of twenty years ago who are sharing the responsibilities of the body now. Of only one thing has the public been absolutely certain, and that is that the | tariff would be first and foremost | among the subjects for work by the | been demanded. in the interest of,good business practice and easy collection of the tax leved, upon corporations. The definite application of the in- come tax principle has been made pos- sibie by the adoption by the requisite number of states of the sixteenth amendment to the constitution of the United States, granting to congress the legislators, and that revision downward | power to levy taxes upon incomes prac- would be the purpose. The legislators | tically at its discretion. themselves have not known just how | the revision is to be managed. and fit | has heen wall understood that they would not all be pleased over ull the details of the ultimate changes. The subject has been thrashed over so often and earnestly that its intrieacies have become feared. The ways and means committee, which has had the task of drafting the tentative form of the new tariff mens- ure, bas been unable to announce com- pletion of its work in advance of the #xtra session. but the probability is that the measure wiH be taken up ' schedule by schedule. The pubHe bas been led to expect that after the tariff is disposed of con- gress will consider currency. the in. come tax, Philippine independence and the Panama tolls questions. Much publicity has been given to the proposed national income tax. The tax will probably apply only to incomes of over §5.000 annually. Certain members of congress hold that this sort of levy would be confined to but a compara. tively small proportion 0. the public and that the revenue would not be suf- ficient. They argue that an inheritance tax should be added to insure the need. od revenue, Sayings of Famous men. J Bleck Jou: “Yes, suh; I's com: Jean Valjean: “I suppose if I want od to I could make Frank Gotch look like a piker.” David Harum: “Gee! What a hoss trade I' could have got out of King the Third!” Munchausen: * the matter with naming ‘a club me!” I ——For high class Job Work come to the WATCHMAN Office, FEATURES OF THE NEW TARIFF BILL. A graduated income tax on salaries of more than $4,000. Free raw wool. Sugar rates cut 25 per cent; sugar to be free in three years. Meat, bread, flour, potatoes, milk, salt and fish on the free list, Reduced rates on butter, eggs and other necessities. Lumber, iron ore, wood pulp, print paper, bituminous coal and leather to be free. Radical cuts in manufactured woolens, including blankets, flannels, ready made clothing and women’s and children's dresses. | Heavy cuts in steel products and pig rom. i Some chemicals and d. ugs 3hiited from free to dutiable ist. Taxes on luxuries stand except for some instances where they are raised beyond the Payne- Aldrich law figures. When Three Were No Crowd. According to an English’ actor, this tappened. in a’small theater in asmall town in' provincial’ England, where a . o . troupe of ’ was playing to- meager audiences. The villain dragged the shrinking heroine down stage to the footliglits and in her ear, he. filssed: ae fone Ee sal aot oi you copa fhe you will be lomoriey ight Philhdol bla Saturday Evén County. all Denominations in all Parts of the County. CHRISTIAN SCIENCE SOCIETY. High Pressure Days. | incessantly with brain and hand to | their own nowadays. Never were | demands of business, the wants of the , more | family, the the requirements of With the Churches of the Notes of Interest to Church People of Men and women alike have to work Service 10:45 a. m. Wednes- ne, ian a yo: day 8 p. m., 9} E. High street. dy the Court of Common Fleas of Centre coun. Rev. Schmid, of the Reformed church, eet the partic n. neret at. his ofc a Tom: | Bellefonte, is now in Philadelphia, attend- at ten o'clock A. M. for the purpose of per- ing to some work for the Synod of that forming the duties of his commission. All parties church, and which will keep his absence | {i METESLEre Betely, natified to be present at over Sunday, in of which H.S. TAYLOR. LA hing in his church 58-13-3t. next 1 y Joho} 4m Ep- usual be received Board OR SALE. Barcus horse hy 5814-1 Belleionte, Ba. IN ~In the Court of mon Pleas of county Rohs De | Attention Farmers. Spraying Time fom dye also Spray ive. duit M Possibly vou ind a anure NEW IDEA SPREADER. You can try one and know it is the best before you settle for it. WIARD PLOWS, We sell all kinds of them. Both Walking and Reversible Sulkey Plows. Soving and Spike Tooth Harrows. Hoos- ier and Evans two row Corn Planters with double disc furrow openers and ferti- lizer attachments complete. Single Disc Harrows, Land Rollers, Grain Drills. METAL TROUGHS But in addition a surtax | first effect of the praise- worthy eff effort to keep up with all these things is commonly seen in a weakened | or debilitated condition of the nervous system, which results in dyspepsia, defec- tive nutrition of both body and brain, and in extreme cases in complete nerv- ous prostration. It is clearly seen that | what is needed is what will sustain the system, give vigor and tone to the nerves, and keep the digestive and assimilative | functions healthy and active. From per- sonal knowledge, we can recommend Hood's Sarsaparilla for this purpose. It acts on all the vital organs, builds up | = the whole system, and fits men and wom- en for these high-pressure days. | EE —— BOOKS, MAGAZINES, Etc. AN OPPORTUNITY TO SECURE COLLEGE PEN- NANTS.—The latest fad among young people is the collecting of college flags and pennants. Nothing equals the vari.colored emblems of col leges and schools for decorating the den. smok- | ing room, clubs, etc. Through a favorable arrangement with one of | the largest manufacturers in the country, The | Philadelphia North American is enabled to give | these to their readers at a fraction of their regu- | ar cost. There will be a different pennant each week. Commencing with Pennsylvania and fol- | lowed up with Princeton, Lafayette, Yale, Har- | vard, Army and Navy, Cornell and other State | schools and Universities. | Get started at once and secure the entire set. | A coupon from the Sunday North Americen and | 20 cents secures each one. No extra charge for | mailing. i To avoid disappointment give your order for | the Sunday North American to your local dealer | at once. >= HAVEN STATE NORMAL, SCHOOL. Geo. P. Singer, Principal, The spring term 'm of this important Normal school will begin April 7th, with a larger attendance than usual. On May 12th, a special seven weeks’ course will be started for the benefit of teachers preparing for either the provisional, professional, or per- manent examinations. A thorough review of the common branches will be given, together with special work in pedagogy. This is an excellent opportunity to prepare for these ex- aminations. Free tuition to teach- | ers. All other expenses including board and room will be $4.00 per | i week. High school graduates can save time by attending the spring term, and will receive the same rates. For further information and illus- trated catalog, address the Principal. 58-12-5t ~ ew Adv ertiseme nts. R RENT.—Store room in the Aiken block, filcatieny street, formerly occupied by R SALE AT A BARGAIN The frame $ftellin house at rear of M nie roperty on Owner a ET ran seott ANTED A NURSE GIRL.—Wanted a and tidy white girl aot. under pros ears, t and girl, ' to whom gi a a plein RS. ROBERT MORRIS, | 58.14-3t West Linn Street. F INTEREST TO CEMETERY LOT OWN- bse) fr, cary of cance ¥ in ander for before May 1st to insure lots Memorial d No circulars wil | year, and, | s 2 Port ' owners, money, | he will assume that they do not | for their lots, lots. Bey AUTOR NOTICE.~Letters testamenta- 13 upon § he estate of Mrs. Hannah Woo- having beer , late of Harris township, Jeceared. ug | | those B ha ciaims a the iy present | the same du authent| , for settlement. f ALBERT S. ALLEN Spring Mills, R. F. D., N. B. SeANGLER; , >: i } orney. i . i 58.146 Pasture. CATTLE PASTURE The Lehigh Valley Coal Company will open their 5000 acre range on Beech Creek, May Ist, 1913, under the management of Mr. Geo. Lorrah. Season May 1st to October 15th, TERMS, $1.50 PER HEAD PER SEASON. Cattle received only on Wednesdays and Saturdays. Address Lehigh Valley Coal Company, oe Pan tor ty arth lloasaton 0H Ya pd Qizee. over BROOKVILLE WAGONS. GasoLiNe EN- GINES, FERTILIZERS AND SAND PLASTER. In fact everything the agriculturist needs. WE HAVE Bargains For You iF You ARE LOOKING FOR THEM. WM. H. NO R. fifiidid JOHN G. DUBBS maa JACOB WOODRING. . » Bellefonte, Pa., March 19, 1913. 59.12.3t 58-8-6m. BELLEFONTE. PA, i § Opera House. The Great American Play The Sensational Topic of the hour The Third Degree is responsible for recent police convictions, inves- tigations and special legis- lation abolishing Third Degree police methods in almost every large city in the worl An International Success " Now playing its 10th month at Garrick Theatre, London, Eng. Prices 25, 50, 75¢ and $1 Seats on sale at Parrish’s drug store Carriage and Motors at 10.45 p. m. It. GARMAN OPERA HOUSE A Guaranteed Attraction. Monday Evening, April 14th, 1913 CHARLES AUTHOR THE LION ~ = AND THE MCL SE THR GAMRI ERS- 2 Abia A MAGGIE PEPPER. ELC. KLEIN OF WASHINGTON SPECIAL 10-DAY EXCURSION Thursday, April 24th, 1913. $8.25 from Bellefonte. on Train No. 8, "Atlantic Express,” Train No. 4, “Philadelphia spree. Tian No. No.3, “Phi hohe, BXprea re re No. 36 Phe Washi ba ks will be Bmited for return passage to leave Washington on regular trains before idnight of May 3. 1613, inclusi Fmt of 00d f for return passage. ve, and require validation by icket Agent at Washington STOP-OVER AT BALTIMORE within limit of ticket allowed on going or returning t. tickets beyond Passengers not desiring to use point. Baltimore may have them validated for Se trip at that For full information rdi Re of t tickets, Pullm rvati te ARAN Division Passcnmer Azent. Toler ash Bud: apply t I EIR OF ing, Altoona: Pa, PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD 58-14-3t The First National Bank. Parcel Post Maps request We have Parcel Post Maps showing rates from Belle- fonte and neighborhood, which we will send on The First National Bank, Bellefon te, Pa.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers