— Bellefonte, Pa., April, 20, 1906. rete the older readers of the Warcumas will r the author of the following who prior 10/1861, was its editor and is nowa at of Charles City, lows, and ty of them down the Rald valley will always have kindly recollections ot those whom he refers to, ale though all of them have, years since, gone to their eternal rest.— Ed.) 11 went to school in other days, Those good old days are o'er; The boys all had their mirthful ways, As boys had them before. A rippling stream flows on its way, A searching forthe seq, But school-house near the Antes run 1s not as used to be, But that which I remember most, . I hardly need to teil, 1s floggings which I used to get Down in that woodsie dell. An Irish pedagogue was he, With brogue upon his tongue, And, to his school in far-oft years, 1 went when I was young. Many a cuss-word from the heart, Came from rebellious boys, For, oft he whipped them nigh to death, For making too much noise, Those boys were mach like other boys, They laughed and broke the rule, To hear the teacher talk to them Bis Irish brogue in school. But woe was mine—I traded knives— I bartered in the school, And got his Irish “dander up" Because I breke his rate. Some other boys they traded too, And tradin’ round was rife, Until some lad complained that he Had lost his Barlow knife, We had » nranic on that day— The worst I ever found — The Irish Shylock took the goods From all the boys around. Now, Alva Kinsloe, in that day, With business eye to fame, Had six per cent demerit marks Set opposite his name, And Jack Mulhollan, too, was there, Demerit to define ; He got into most all the scrapes For many a “monkey shine,” . Another chap, the size of me, (His name I cannot tell.) Came up before the Irish court For trying to do well (?) The suit then came on to be heard Within the Irsh rule, And all the boys came into court Who traded knives in school. ' “Pall off your coat, Alfred, me lad, For it is now the rule Forme to flog you in court, {For tradin’ knives in school.” Unhappy Alf, pulled off his coat © Andlaid it down in grief, And six good welts were laid on him ' Before he got relief, , Day in, day outthis “divil" taught The way that we should go ; "And I got flogged like other boys, 171 Some sixty years ago. 1 always loved to go to school, I walked a mile or more, To grow up wise as other boys, In good old days of yore. I used to sit behind the stove — Unbappy Jack and me ; And Alva, too, was on that bench Each frosty morn—you see, A little girl with uncombed hair, Aud German in her speech, Looked wise to us as some great owl Upon a lonely beach. She sat near by ; we talked to her, And heard her words so plain, Butall the words we understood Were, “Ich kann nicht versteh'n.” “Come out here, Jack Mulhollan ! You're leader of the clan ; I'll baste ye, now, intirely, As sureas I'm a man, I'll give ye the best trimimnin’ sir, Ye've had for a fortnight, And kape the other chaps out there, Intirely in sight. “Pull off yer coat, ye hathen, sir, And lay it down yon see! I'll tach ye, now, a lesson, sure, That ye'll remember me." Poor Kinsloe screamed, “Oh, my ? oh my I" And daueed and pranced around, And said he only lsughed to hear That little German sound. The boys were lashed and flogged again, By Irish blood in heat, Until rebellion raged within, And brought me to my feet. “Pall off yer coat, Smithy, me boy ! I've never seen the loikes Since 1 left Ireland, indade ! Amorg the bogs and dikes I" ‘Pull off my coat? No, sir! not I! I am't just made thet way I" (I thought more wicked things than that, "1 didn't dare to say.) He flogged me then to whip it off ; 1 yielded not to him, And when he sew 1 stuck to it, He scourged with greater vim. ‘He pulled the coat trom off my back, 1101 ‘And whipped me sore, again, ! Beeause I laughed to hear that child : + Bay, “leh kann aicht versteh'n." 1; 1 wore the “bloody shirt" that day— 5 The marks are on me still— But {f yon think it good for me, ‘Twas sore against my will, ‘ guia aii 0V —By J. 8. Barnhart. FACTORS OF THE COAL STRIKE, he follw in figures taken from the re. cords, w h the enormous profits core od whieh to the Combine of yj Liki cite ‘¢onl operators, during the last half. dozen of sears, we get from the Rochester, N, Y., Democrat and Chronicle. They give much that should be known to the w that the country is threatened with a nullict) ply ralize ness n pe eb to the ey of the public, facts given will be read with additional nterest by many of our readers, when it is known that they are furnished by a former well known and popular citizen of our town, Mg, J. H. MEYERs—ED. WATCHMAN] i £55 and those of the veids Prefidége Mitel” and Gom. pers. a neutral unis generous, wiletivg bled HpRIRY wid having had ge experience in the anthracite regions, try to be impartial, Let us consider, firs, the ability or possibilities of the under the light of their commercial h istory of the last five years, 1901-5 inclusive. Our ©oal hills on file show that in the seventies, and stove sizes (all prices given will a, these rns sizes) were shoveled into our cellars here, in Rochester, at $3.50 and $3.75 per short ton of 20ow.. Bas to be fair in determining Ba prudinble, TeAsona- ble price, we should will consider a ——— . | latzr consecutive term of constantly + able years to coal and roads. From 1860 10 1 ~ ap reat] ranged from $4.25 to $4. 30. and averaged $4.55 during these at. teen prosperous years, ending with 1900. Therefore had there been no strikes, lock- outs or increased wages after 1900, $4.50 per net ton would bave been ample to de- liver coal into Sut bios and sod Avent prosperity for operators sales agents, and to pay just freights—from 1900 down to the present date. We will now first the operators with the results of the increase in price daring the last five years, 1901-4 inclusive, aud for three mouths to April 1, 1906. It estimate), of total annval wage of those ired hy She day, Froth o* hour, who Bow expect to be gran an t-hour worl day this spring, on the same conditions as the eight-hour day was awarded to some classes of their fellow day-workmen, by the 1902 3 strike commission. This 12 per cent. offset, is $2,400,000. + For the auticipated allowance of ten per cent, increase in wages for all contract min- ers, also for all engineers and pump men not engaged in boisting water, credit oper- ators an offset of ten per cent. on estimated total annual wage of $15,000,000. This ten pot cent. offset is, $1,500,000, Also for anticipated allowance of ten per cent. increase in wages for all other em- ployees hired by the hour, day or week, oredit operators with offset of ten per cent. on $30,000,000, viz : $3,000,000, Also for the establishment of a minimum day wage for each class of labor, an offset of $1,100,000. Thus we get a total of $8,- will be understood that coal production is | 000,000. always coted in long tons, 2,240 pounds, and scld in short tons, 20 ows. Early in 1801 the price was increased 50 cents, from $4.75 to $5.25; approximate 1901 production was 60,000,000 long tons, equal to 67,000,000 short tone; the increase result gained by operators at $1.00 was 560,000. np Soo in October, 1902, a third increase of 50 cents was made, making the $6.25, and the joint increase $1'50; then in January, 1903, a fourth increase of 25 cents was added, making the $6.50, and the joint increase $2.00. e approximate production in 1903 was 64,000,000 long tons, or 71,680,000 short tous, the opera- tors’ gain by the $2.00 increase being, $143,360,000. According to a bulletin issued March 16, 1906, by the Pennsylvania Geological Sur vey, the actual uction of anthracite in 1904 was 65,318,480 long tons, and in 1905. was 69,386,152 long tons, a total for both years of 134,657,559 short tons, making the operators gain by the $2.00 joint increase ou the last two years combined $301,633, 18. Total gain to sperately durrng last 5 years, 1901-5 inclusive, $521,633,118. To the above total should be added the resulting gain, to the operators, from the approximate production, between January 1st and April lss, 1906, and its sale at $6.50 of 18,000,000 long tons,or 18,540,000 nes tons, the $2.00 joint increase thereon being $37,040,000; but we will not extend, but omit this amount to protect the opera- tors against any possible errors io the few unavoidable approximations made. There are some considerable justifiable offsets, we will note herein later, against the above 521 million dollars of increased tribute laid upon the public by the opera- tors. But we wish to emphasize that the above 521 million dollars includes only in- creases ol price over and above the $4.50 retail prices, which afforded ample pros- perity to operators, sales agents and car- riers during the consecutive filteen years ending with 1900. Therefore no offset will he asked on account of sales agencies, he- cause they were aud are provided for in the 15-year or 1900 price of $4 50 which isa t of the base of the present $6.50 price. e same reason excluded any offset for cartagie, advertising and all commercial ex- penses. The operators will ask no offsets for increased freights, because, to the actual knowledge of the writer, when the blended coal mining corporations were first formed, complete amalgamations were effected by issuing the “Coal Company’ stock exclu- sively and pro-rata to the holders of the amalgamated railroad stock; therefore all their increased freights were and are re- covered fully through increased dividends on their railroad stock, in addition to the extra freight tribute laid on the independ- ent operators; and even the latter are now reimbursed through a private agreement requiring the amalgamated companies to purchase the entire product of the inde. pendent coal opeiators at a price high enough to repay them the increased freight charges: thus combining all into one arbi. trary monopoly. Neither will the opera- tors ask to be reimbursed for their estimat- ed loss of $40,000,000 during the 1902 strike, because it wae of theirown free will that they exercised their right to refuse to arbitrate or 10 grant the miners’ requests which were afterwards awarded by the comuiesion. Suiely she operators ars nos less manly than the miners, who also chose of their own free will and lost heavily and did not go outside of their unions to recov- er their loss, But we hope and expect to find a just off«et claim for the operators as de now proceed to examine the data at and, President Wilcox, of the Delaware & Hudeon Railroad, in his letter to John Mitchell, published in New York, Feb. 9, 1906, says substantially : *‘Any suggestion of an 8-hour day, for the employees by the day,” (instead of the present 9-hour day) would *‘increase the rate per hour and ad- vance wages ahout 12.9 cents above the standard fixed by the stiike commission’ and “would amount to about 8 cents a ton of coal, or on the entire (annual) product (60,000,000 long tons) about $4,800,000 per annum.” *‘Such an increase (8 cents on a long ton) would tend to advance the price of coal to consumers.’ | The above statements of President Wil. cox how the publio that 12 8 cents is one hour's wage, therefore nine hours, a full day's wage, is now, and has been, $1.15a day, as the average for all ‘‘employees by the day,’’ which com the great bulk of coal producing labor. As Italian common Iaberers on city streets are paid $1.75 for eight hours work, $1.15, for nine hours, seems very low wages for the extremely hazardous work of coal mining. Some of the mine acoidenis in the United States since the first of the year are : Killed. Jan. 4. Coaldale, W. Vaeoronoooconn. 21 Jan. 18, Detroit, W. Va.......... ..... 18 Jan. 24. Poteau, I. T....00rvee cocaine. ' M Feb. 8. Oak Hill, W. Va........ earns 1 Feb. 19. Walsenburg,Col.................. 16 March 22. Century, W. Va.......c.eeee.. 13 Total.......... sesspsstnsestsnsssnisannrerrees . 113 President Wilcox also says: ‘‘The of one hour (from nine to eight , | hours) will add 8 cents to the cost of pro- ducing a ton of coal.” Therefore an average of nine hours at 8 cents shows to us that 72 Se is the Jule Iaher age cost of ng a fo ton anthracite coal. Seven ls isa yery meagre pons ot : e present 35.50 pr paratively few men orm contract labor, but more than cover the cost of their labor and other incident ex- pense in preparing coal for shipment, let ns doubie the 72 cents tonnage cost to $1.44. then to this add more than rea- sonable freight rate, (less than one-third of the present ‘‘trust’’ rate) which prevailed in the early part of fifteen years, when coal was delivered in our bine at $4.50, 300 we Aw or the cause for 3he ex oe prosperous on of the coal producers and their sales agents Astin the entire fifteen years ending with To be fair, let us allow an offset to the operators of 12 per cent. on $20,000,000 This offset of $8,000,000 when deducted from the entirely unwarranted tribute of over 521 million dollars which bas been un- justly laid, within the last five years, upon the publio, scarcely changes its monstrons, hideous proportions, and calls loudly upon its authors, not only to consider the dan- gers of the miners’ avocation, but the ex- acting increase in the cost of living and to price | deal generously with their employees; and iso to redace the price of coal to the pub- 0. No offset should be made on account of the past trivial concessions made to the miners, because the unjust tribute in freight rates has already repaid the operators ten fold for every award made. Americans are ust and patient, but if amends are with- eld, an outraged public will not only con- demn the vicious principles of the coal lords, but their property also to legal pub- lic ownership and operation, and will regu- late the freight rates as well. J. H. MYERS. Rochester, April 3rd, 1906. Tree Planting on Arbor Days. The Council of the Pennsylvania Forestry Association has decide? to recognize the twentieth anniversary of its organization, by awarding prizes aggregating one hun- dred dollars for trees planted in the State of Pennsylvania on she Arbor days ap pointed by the Governor (viz., Apiil 6th and 20th, 1906),and which shall be proper- ly cared for until the fall Arbor day. Indi- viduals, associations or tohools may partic- ipate in the contest, the requirements be- ing a properly authenticated report giving the number and description of trees plant- ed, together with the location, eto. The awards are intended as recognition of success in tree planting, and, to deter- mine this, decisions will be based npon the condition of the trees, their freedom from insects, eto., on or about the fall Arbor day, which will be designated hy the So. perintendent of Public [Instruction of Pennsylvania. All reports of tree plant. ing entered for th2 contest will be filed and committees appointed to decide upon the merits and distribute the awards. It is not intended that individuale,schools or associations will be judged upon the same basis, the pu being to encourage individual as well as co-operative tree- Planting and recognize the success ashiev. The number of contestants, the record of their work, and the advantage which it is helieved these efforts will be to the State of Pennsylvania and the cause of forestry, will determine the distribation of the fund. The contestants will file the reports with the Pennsylvania Forestry Association, 1012 Walnut street, prior to May 1st, 1906. London, Queen Alexandra, according to recent correspondence, has risen toa full realiza- tion of the terrible situation in London at present, and more promptly than many others. She bas started a feud for the un- employed, has directed the opening of emergency labor yards, avd her efforts are now being followed by those of others. It is eaid that eight hundred thonsand wen, women and children are today being push- ed just a listle over the “starvation line’ in on. Lady Herbert said recently, in appealiog for funds : ‘So numerous are the superior and re- epectahle men out of work that their obil- dren are literally dying of hunger and cold. In the free schools in the poorer sec- tions of London the teachers are unable to get the children to master their | 80 pinched with hunger are the little ones.” —New Century Path A Hard-Clder Head. Capt. Ryan, the new British naval at- tache; eaid at a dinner in Washington : “The strength of the heads of some of onr old-school farmers is quite incredible. ‘‘At a barvest supper, a feast similar in its way to your Thauksgiving dinner, there was an old farmer who bad drank a good deal or chm e. The moment his giass was filled he would toss it off, and then, of course, it would be filled again. ‘‘Bus the old fellow grew quieter and quieter the more chamipague he drank. A frown settled on his forehead. Hie eyes flashed angrily under bis heavy gray brows. “Finally, when the waiter filled his glass with wine for the twelfth or thir- teenth time, he shook his head and said : ‘James, when are you going to put the whiskey on the table ? These mineral wa- ters are getting tedions.”’ Price of Carrier Pigeons. The cost of valnahle pigeons, even at auction sales, is higher than generally sop- posed. Within a few weeks, 92 pigeons of the Coucke variety produced a total of 3,772 francs, or 41 francs per bead on the average. More recently, according to M. Thauzies, 196 belonging to M. Hausenne, of Veviers, sold for 14,000 francs, or 71 francs each on the average. Certain subjects, where the competition was lively, brought 240, 300,400, and even 550 francs. A single amateur paid the sum of 1,485 franes for thrze pigeous. After having read these facte, houters who so far forget themselves as to fire at carrier pig- eons will be doubly criminal.—La Nature. Queen of England. In her early life the Queen of England was living on the third floor of a corner house in Copenhagen, and her father, whom no one ever dreamed then of being a king, was poorer than many a burgher in the same street. She and her two sisters, now the Czarina of Russia and Duchess of Cum- berland, occupied the same room, scantily fornished, instead of a wardrobe a our- tain drawn across the wall hid the pegs on which their few dresses hung. had never worn a silk dress in their lives. Now Alexandra doubtless has all the dresses she wants, but it is more than likely that she looks back with Pleasale upon those years ar the happiest of her life. in fRellef of the A Woman Appeals Horse. I wrote to defend him and your minds to re- | new, Doyou trest him with that kindness that God's treating you? When | see him overloaded it makes my rt sad, See him strain every muscle to please the man with the . While you drive him all day with overhead rein, Let him stand without blanket in the cold, snow and rain, Uphill and downhill if his speed he should sinc The sting from a whip lash brings the blood from his back, : All day by the sidewalk with his face toward the sky, While the beast that has driven him is warm in the dry, Hohas heen given to you by a merciful But you ruled as & tyrant with an iron rod, and it your poor cruel heart ean say “Ali Is | well!" What is the use of my prayer; what is tha use of a Hell? Yow my story is ended, but would you re. mind , That this beautiful steed is a friend of man. kind. o Wm. T. Speer. A shore time ago we saw the above ap- peal for the horse published in the Daily News and thank our good friend for his timely words. are intended. Daily we see some new feature of abuse to animals which would make ove shudder could they be here re- peated. It is a common occurrence to see horses standing many hoars on our public streets in the cold, with but a light cover- ing, whilss the owner is wrapped in furs, | or enjoying a few pleasans hours by the warm hearth. In the last heavy rain we saw many horses standing upon our streets, patiently enduring the downpour npon them, » few unfortunately bad blank- ets, which proved more injurious, and with the wet covering, they remained more than an hour, whereas, il their masters had used judgment, and placed them under! cover, at a small expense, it would add years to the life of the horse as well as give a better standing to the owner. Men and women seem to think unless they are members of the ‘‘Society for the prevention of cruelty to animals,’’ they are powerless toarrest miscreants, Others de- sist from so doing from reluctance to ap- pear against a traosgressor of the law, mostly from business motives. All humane persons should constitute themselves hon- orary members to protect the helpless suf- ferer by indiguant protest at the time. For the benefit of our readers, as well as for the protection of the animals, we present below a clause relative to the law, in re- gard the same: EXTRACT FROM $¢C. 1, ACY MARCH 29, 1800 “Any person who shall, within this Common wesith, wantonly or cruelly illstreat, overload, beat or otherwise abuse any animal, whether be- longing to himself or otherwise, * * * * ghall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on being convicted thereof before any Alderman or Magis. trate shall be fined by the said Alderman or Mag- istrate for the first offense in a sum not less than £10, nor more than $20; and for the second and every subsequent offense in a sum not less than $20, nor more than $50, one-huif to be paid to the informer.” By order of the society for the prevention of cruelty to animals, Mus. H. T. Kuntz, Loeal Secretary. A Chinese Toe-Play. Almost the first game your little Chinese brother or sister plays is ‘This Little Pig Went to Market.” The action of the game with the Chinese mothers is just the same as with American ones, says the Washing- ton Star. Taking hold of the toes one by ove, the mother says : We'll whip her, we'll whip her, we'll whip her, This little cow eats grass, This little cow eats hay, This little cow drinks water, This little cow runs away, This little cow does nothing Except lie down all day. ~——A washerwoman applied for help to a gentleman, who gave her a note to the manager of a certain club. It read as fol- lows : “Dear Mr. X.—This woman wants wash- mg.” Very shortly the answer came back : “Dear Sir—I dare say she does, hut I don’t fancy the job.''— London Tit-Bits. ——Mamma—"Why, Johnny, what's the matter ?”’ Johony—*"'M-my new s-shoes hart my f-feet.” Mamma—‘‘No wonder, dear; yon have them on the wrong fees.” Johnny—'‘W-well, I can’t help it. I ain’t g-got no other f-feet. Boo-hoo-oo !"’ ——"0f course,” said the ponderous statesman, ‘‘in the course of my remarks I said some things which were not popularly anderstood.”’ “How do you know that?” ‘‘Because,’’ rejoined the ponderous statesman, droppiug his voice to a wisper, “I didn’t understand ’em myself.” —=—One of the amoring sights of the world is the spectacle of a man who is try- ing to get something for nothing. dickering with a man who is trying to give nothing for something. —-—Those three balls displayed by a pawnbroker indicate that the odds are two to one in favor of his getting the heat of the sransaotion. ——A8 a rale married men do not care to attend public lectures—probably be- Suse they get too many lectures at ome. ——It’s always difficult for a young man to understand what there ie about his sister that attracts other young men. ——It sometimes comes to pass that af- ter a man has eaten everything set before him be wonders what ails him. ~The mon moss ready to risk failure are usually the ones who achieve sunccess ras. ~— If the world owes you a living it is Bp to you to hustle ont and collect the —— Most of us, when demanding jus- tice, are merely trying to secure mercy. ——The men who is easily pasped sel. dom contains anything worth baviog. ——A man is stivgy when he spends money only on pleasures for himself. -—You can never earn an increase in wages by watching the clock. ——A man without enemies is drifting before the wind. ——Satan wastes no time setting trape for the indolent. | ~—— Parental example is better than pa- rental precept. We sincerely hope the lines | will reach the eyes of those for whom they FUR AND ABOUT WOMEN. A DAILY THOUGHT. When people will not weed their own minds they are apt to be overrun with vettles.—Horave Weland. This spring is to be a green one--green of every tone, olive in all its shades, even parrot green, and green and blue in Scoteh combination. Yellow is avother new color; deep shades of it toueh up brown hats avd costumes. Pale canary yellow is used on straw color hats, oftener combined with sky-hige. Brown is fashionable in voiles and chiffons. Check« of white and brown have replaced the popular black and white of jast year. All materials are soft; nothing heavier than “marquisette’’--a sort of supple eta- | mine--is permissible. Chiffons are used a | great deal for afternoon gowns, making | noticeable inroads on the ever-popular { foulard. The latter, in radinm variety, is | nsed only to a limited extent. Taffetas iv | sofe finish are making a stand. These are | oftenest in small checks aud stripes, or in ! Scoteh plaid checks with a touch of Irish | point lace, which make excellent utilisy | gowns, A pretey costume of this variety had a full skirt plaited flat below the hips,form- ing a fitted yoke; the plaits below this were not pressed, bat fell in soft folds. The bodies was sarplice, with three-quar- ter vleeves, a high girdle and Irish lace | chemisette and cuffs, | Corseles «kirts are the most conspicuons- ly new thing. They may be made like the taffeta described, the plaits extending np and spreading out over the figare to forma girdle, although the most popular form of | corselut is that having a bias seam down the | rons and eiroular sides. These skirts with a soft lingerie blonse give the effect of a pretty costume with a white gnimpe, when the listle fancy bolero is removed. Not only waists, but whole gowns are fashioned in this way. At present, white silk linings are the thing. Lingerie gowns bave never had such & vogue. They are thought the most ‘‘ohio’’ for evening gowns, whether decollete or high neck. Oove of the most beautiful models is a princess made of embroidered motifs held together with scrolls of baby Irish and valenciennes lace. Very pretty gowns are fashioned from allover broderie Anglaise or fine mull, with little rochings of fleecy valenciennes wher- ever it is possible to put them. The main thiog with such gowns is to bave them made heavy with work and lace so that they fall closely. Lingerie waists, by the way, are more filmy and feminine than ever. All have sleeves above the elhow, small yckes of lace and the most delicate embroidery. Another new note is a combination of linen with fine muslin in the foundation scheme, Over one blouse, made of stiips of the sheerest of stuff and lace, was flang a de- sign of fochias, apparently withous regard for lace or material. Eyelets in tear-drop patterns—long things rounded at the lower end—com- bined with the tiniest of round ones make up oue attractive design. Black voiles aod veilings, and for the hardest wear, those wondeifal new serges, make nine ous of ten mourning suits, while fur the little dresses which are just ove re- move from shirtwaist suits black pougee heads the list, with those soft newer silks, ueither poogee nor china silk, but with some of the characteristios of both, next in favor, Crepe de chine makes some very rich evenivg and ‘‘best” gowns, trimmed, per- haps, with nothing as all exceps tucks and shirrings aud pleatings, or perhaps with dull jes and with chiffon rofiled on to give a touch of lightvess to the sombre gown. White crepe has become a sort of fad with the wearers of mourning who have been in Southern cities this winter and spring--all white orepe, with never a touch of hlack abous it. The use of white for moarning is grow- ing in every way, aside from this rather extreme style, especially necessary to wear hot-looking black stuff all summer long; instead, the freshest of white gowns are donned as freeiy for the street by women in mourning as by those out of it. Bat those dresses must he as plain as plain can be—no lace nor embroidery, except it he blind embroidery and then most sparingly applied, is allowed upon them. ihbons are the taffeta or gros grain sort—never the satin, messalines or lou- isines, and plain black or white belting is liked bess of all. Buttons and braids—both of them in dull finish—are as popular upon mourning styles as they are upon every sort of thing this season. Short sleeves are in evidence upon mourn. ing snits and dresses avd blouses alike, bat less pronoancedly so—more often three- quarter length than the above the elbow length so approved of by Paris ‘for every- thing but mourning; and long sleeves as often as three-quarter sleeves, which isn’t true, by long odds, in other styles, All the tricks resotted to by the makers of dress materials these past few years have had some form of expression in mourning fabrics. The pretty little shadow check, contrived by a carious shifting of weave, is holding its own among the voiles and veil- ings. The utter softness and ‘‘chiffoniness’’ of every nort of stuff lends itself icalar- ly well to the soft drapings which, some. how, seem to go by rights with mourning. Even mourning hats how to that all- trinmpbant tilt-——indeed, mourning mil- linery is made as pretty and becoming as anything can he, every harsh line softened by the use of quantities of tulle, or by the coarse mesh nets which are pleated and draped so attractively upon thas important handeau. Crape makes the most effective little togues—every bit of the hat the same crape, laid in set folds, the would-be sever- ity utterly belied by the soft, crinkled material, and with rosettes of the stuff for its only trimming. Maline makes the lightest weight bats it is possible to get. Some of them are like those of orape—foundation and trimming all of the same materal, or little French eailors are trimmed ith a quill and per- haps a rosette of soft ribbon. A combination of three or four olive and bronze tones on the same bat is very new, and partionlarly lovely with a brown cos. tame; and brown is the street oulor par ex- cellence, Hats that contrast with suit or gown are still wonderfully popular; in fact, the sea- son is positively lavish in its use of color. In the suit hat pictard there is, first, a little brown straw sailor tonched with red and a peacock shaded aigrette—peacock feathers are the rage in any shape of form, The little new straw toque a green wing and deeper green how, while a lighter brown straw is trimmed in the most fla- grant of peacock blue. rr ——— FARM NOTES. —Every stable should bave a bran pan. roa out for microbes in the call’s —Break the heifers by kindness, cudgels and kicks. —Every horse should have a bran mash at least twice a week. —Caol the milk as soon as it is out of the cow. This is very important. —A dairy cow should give milk for as least 300 days iv every 12 months, ~—Let the horses come at the spring plow- ing gradually--be easy the first week. —Do not send the cows ont into the pasture till the grass bas obtained a good start, not by —The front rank of dairying has plenty of room for all of ue. Let's try to get some of the good things up there this year. —The tinkle of the sheep bell is music to the farmer's ear. It makes him think of the jingle of the good, bright silver dol- lars coming bye and bye. —When huying pigs look at the mother. If she is all lege, and thin as a racer, go somewbere elee for your pigs. Legs snout a backbone do not make full pork bar- Tels, ~Peaches and pinms are reported to he seriously injured by severe freezing during the late cold weather throughout the eoun- try. Apples and other fruit give promise for a fair crop if nothing ceeurs to change present prospects. —A potted strawberry plant will serve well as a window ornament, and if care- fully attended to will produce frais long hefore the regular season arrives for such. Ladies who find pleasure in window plants should not overlook the strawberry. —What ig believed to be the record price for asingle bird, $750, has been paid fora buff Plymouth Rock hen at the Boston poultry show. Drevenstedt & Hutchins, of New York, the purchasers, wanted the bird for ‘exhibition at the Crystal palace show, in London, England. —News from Bucharest, Hungary, states that the society for the prevention of cruelty to animals bias taken a very important step in the interest of horses. The members of the society, believing that a Sanday off would be good for horses as well as for men, exerted itself to this end. It bas se- cured the passing of a law providing Sun- day rest for horses and other domestic ani- mals. ~—Moss in lawns is a nuisance. One of the methods of eradicating it is to scrateh the surface of the ground with a sharp steel tooth rake and loosen the soil. Sow lawn grass seed and cover it to the depth of one-fourth of an inch with dirt, using a small quantity of mixed fertilizer on the dirt. Moss is more thrifty in shady lawns than where the ground is bare of trees and shrubbery. —It takes close observation and constant stody to make a practical and intelligent “beekeeper.” One needs to be fortified with a good stock of resoluteness and that kind of pluck which does nos easily suc- cumb to adverse circumstances, even, if quite often repeated. Beekeeping has been reduced to a science; but, after all, the asperities of winter and other things which often try the heekeeper’s tact render the business a somewhat precarious one. —Iowa has passed a law regulating the weight of eggs. Hens are expected here- after to lay eggs that will weigh just two ounces each, or 24 ounces to the dozen. What penalty ie attached to the violation of the law, we have not yet learned. Al- though ignorance of the law is no defence against ite violation by the average hen, in justice to all parties concerned the law should require that a notice, plainly writ- ten or printed, in hen langnage, shall be posted in every hen house in the State that egy must hereafter be of legal avoird upois. —The soil should be cleaned around the trunks of trees. Piles of rabbish, dead grass, stones or other accumulations afford harboring places for insects. Washing the trees with strong soapsude, and giving them thick coats of whitewash, not only add to the appearance of an orchard, but also benefit the trees. It may be done sev- eral times during the year. Cottonseed meal, being an excellent fer- tilizer, can be used economically as food for stock, as the manure from the animale will be of sufficient value to pay for the cost of the cottonseed meal not utilized in the production of meat or milk. —It is advisable, in order to start a pas- tare, to first Jo the land deeply and barrow well, thereby rendering the earth fine aod in good condition for the seed. In selecting seeds it is hest to choose from varieties that are known to be adapted to the soil and climate, bat be careful to use enough. Economy in seed is extravagance, a loss being the result in the end. Before eowing apply about 100 pounds of kainis per acre and two bushels of land plaster. It the laud is plowed in the fall sow lime on the surface and leave it there. A good stars is everything, and the greater the variety of grasses the better the pasture. —8tiaw, corn fodder and rough hay are known as coarse foods, because much of such foods contain either an excess of woody fibre and little nutrition in propor- tion to bulk, or are not as Sealy eaten by stock as is good hay or food a better quality. For this reason there is a large waste of valuahle feeding material in the United States that might he saved and used if attention is given to the preparation of foods and the combining of the different materials in a mauner by which all can be utilized, and a corres- ponding gain in meat or milk thereby se- cured. Millions of stacks of straw and a still larger number of ‘‘shocks’’ of corn fodder rot in the fields, or are damaged in a manner to render the food valueless, though all of sach could be made to per- form service. —Market gardeners often raise earlier aud larger cabbages than are usually found in even our best private gardens. Oue rea- son of this is probably due to the fact that the market gardeners grow cabbages on a large scale, and use the horse hoe or culti- vator between the rows of growing cab- bages. This deep and thorough ounltiva- tion not only keeps the land free from weeds, but it also prunes the roots and checks the growth of the cabbages for a short time, though not for long. The root« which are pruned throw out numer- ous small fibres, which feed on a rich sar- face soil ratber than on the poorer sub- soil. This check to the growth of the cab. bages favors early maturity. But it should not be forgotten that it is indispensable to success that the land for early cabbages he
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers