Deworraic: Ja Bellefonte, Pa., January 30, 1903 Tree Culture—Winter Insect Remedies. —Most persons are likely to think of in- sect remedies as consisting chiefly of the direct application of insecticides, but this is erroneous. Just as contagious diseases often fail to afflict those persons who are most sanitary in their habits, so are insect attacks generally unknown upon the prem- ises of most persons who take certain pre- ventative precautions before the pests them- selves appear. Winter time measures against insects nay at first appear to be unusual, but it must be remembered that it is then: that pests are unable to escape, if found, and also at that time vegetation is in its winter condition and consequently more resistant to the effects of unusually strong insec- tides which must then be applied in order to be most effective. It is necessary to kill the insects without injuring the vegetation they infest. Certain plants, such as the peach, are so delicate that during the grow- ing season they are injured by almost any kind of application that would he severe enough to kill certain kinds of the insect pests, such as the scales. During the win- ter time, when the leaves are off, the plants are much more resistant than are even the scale insects,and more effective remedies can consequently be applied at this time. Also, it is now that we can reach the eggs and chrysalids of certain kinds of inseots that could not readily be destroyed at oth- er times. For example, the immature of the codlin moth are now under the loose scales of bark around the trunks of the fruit trees, and the eggs of the apple aphis or plant louse are to be found by the mil- lions on the twigs of almost every apple tree. As this time of year we can safely use a spray of kerosene and water, of any desired strength, or even pure kerosene, One of the best remedies for scale insects and plant louse eggs is to spray on a calm winter day with pure kerosene, covering the tree with a very fine film, but not let- ting it rus in streams, then setting fire to it. It is said to burn just enough to kill all scales and eggs and not injure the tree. Another firstolass remedy for these pests is to wash or spray the trees well with a strong suds of caustic whale oil soap, two pounds of soap to one gallon of water. This will kill scales on rose bushes and elsewhere, but it must be thoroughly ap- plied, and used when there is no foliage. At this time of year scrape the trunks of trees and burn the scrapings, thus destroy- ed the larvae of codlin moths. On a day when the fallen leaves are dry rake them ap and burn them, thas killing dozens of different kinds of hibernating insects; but be sare first to save the toads that may be hibernating there and put them in x safe place for the remainder of the winter, for these animals are very useful about.the premises. It is quite important to burn the last vestige of every plant that remains in the garden and truck patch, for the in- sects that will infest next year’s crop are now lurking in the old cabbage stalks, and leaves, the remains of the potato, melon, and squash vines, and under any and all debris in which they can find concealment. Board piles, brash heaps, and corners oi rail fences are favorite places for hibernat- ing insects. . Clean up now and save next year’s crops.—H. A. Surface professor of zoology Pennsylvania State College. —For the benefit of those who have been caused a great deal of anxiety by a balky horse, lost trains as well as tempers and sometimes even ruined the horse, the next time they have the experience to run across a balky horse, no matter how bad he is, let me tell you how to start him ninty-nine times out of a hundred. Of course it may fail one time in a hun- dred. When a horse balks, no matter how badly he sulks or how ugly he is, do not beat him. Don’t throw sand in his ears, don’t use a rope on his fore legs or even burn straw under him. Quickly go and pat him on the head a moment. Take a hammer or even pick up a stone in the street, tell the driver to sit still, take his lines, hold them quirtly while you lift up either front foot, give each nail a light tap and a good smart tap on the frog, drop the foot quickly and then chirp to him to go. In ninty-nine cases out of a hundred the horse will go right on about his business, but the driver must keep bis lines taut and not pull or jerk him back. If I bave tried this once, I have tried it 500 times, and every time I have suggested it people have laughed and even bet $5and bottles of wine that I could not do it. So far I have won every bet. This may make you smile, but a horse has more common sense that most people are willing to give him credit for. The secret of this little srick is simply diversion. Iam a firm be- liever that with kindness and proper treat. ment a horse can be driven with a string. — Horse Shoers’ Journal. —The long periods of drought nearly every year have caused many of the experi- ment stations to examine closely into the matter of soil moisture. The time has come, owing to forest destruction, when the question of soil moisture is the most impor- tant that can be considered in relation to farming. The plant derives its food supply throngh the agency of the water which if drinks in or absorbs from the soil, with the aid of the membranous surfaces of the roots, with their root hairs, which later greatly increase the surface connection of the plant with the water of the soil. Large quanti- ties of water thus taken in by the plants are ‘‘breathed out’ into she air through the leaves, and the amount is enormous, field orops consuming 200 to 500 pounds of wa- ter for each pound of dry matter the plants add to their own weight in growing. The roots of field crops are much longer, much more numerous, spread farther and pene- trate into the soil to greater depths than many persons realize. When the upper portion of the earth is often too dry for the plant to feed some crops send their deepest roots downward from four to six feet or more, though the greater number of roots are in the upper 18 inches of soil. —A novel way of curing horses of the kicking habit is practiced in Germany. A bag of sand or gravel is hung from the ceil- ing of the stable in such a manner that the bag will be a little distance behind where the refractory horse is standing. When- ever he kicks he will strike the bag, and in return will receive a smart blow from it, which he will remember. It may take a few days to impress upon his mind ‘that he will always be rewarded for his unmannerly conduct in this manner, says the New York Herald, but unless he is exceedingly stupid he will quickly learn the lesson, and then the bag may be remov- ed. It is asserted that a horse once cured in this manner will never again think of kicking, but whether this is true or not time alone can tell. FOR AND ABOUT WOMEN. We may, however, well pause over the coiffures. Aigrettes have given way al- most entirely to dainty chavplets of delicate foliage and flowers, and especially are they in evidence on the younger belles. Who might be so many bewitching bacchantes or queens of the May, to judge by these fascinating little wreaths which do not quite meet at the back. The foliage is of the most delicate sort‘ while the blossoms are either of the smallest or are tight little buds of the larger flowers. Du Barry wreaths are so much in vogue that all manners of materials are made up into the Du Barry headdress. These half wreaths are of flowers and leaves; of plaited grass, with bunches of the grass on each side of the hair; of satin ribbon, with or without floral effects, and plaited ribbon that passes around the back of the hair and ends upon each side of the head in jaunty little bunches and knots. Laurel crowns are as popular now as they were in the days long ago. These vie in point of popularity with the frosted leaves of holly and oak, sprinkled over with the pearly mistletoe berries. Holly berries glow amid green or frosted leaves in the Du Barry wreath, of in the simple wreath worn in front and not around the back of the hair. Little bows of red velvet, less than balf an inch in width are used to tie the back of mistletoe and holly wreaths, and give a pretty touch of color to them. When ribbon figures in the head- dress it is twisted and knotted and draped, rather than tied in a regular bow. Miss Mary Andrews, of Hamilton, Ohio, has been installed as pastor of the First Presbyterian Church at Kansas City. She is the only woman preacher in Missouri. 1st. Skirts are to be fuller. This is not a sudden freak of fashion, but has been coming gradually for some time. Around the hips the fullness is controlled by put- ting it into fitted yokes, or to shirring it in sevaral rows; around the foot it flows out unrestrained. ; 20d. Skirts are to be lighter—lighter materials, like grenadine, mistral, crepe de chine, voile and etamine are being used. 3rd. These materials make silk linings necessary, and the drop skirts of silk are made and shaped like the outside part. 4th. Nearly all the new skirts have panel fronts, and the trimming on them runs up and down instead of around. The jackets take one of two forms— either give the effect of a bolero or have long full skirts over the hips. None of them with stand-up collars—but all are flat around the neck like some of the coats that have been worn with furs this winter. The sleeves are full and loose, and gath- ered into cuffs at the wrist. One pretty suit of light-weight broad- cloth, with a blouse jacket, trimmed bolero fashion, a postilion back and three little caps collars. Another, of cheviot, with a long Russian blouse, trimmed with a shoulder cape. Where the white spots appear on polish- ed surface from the dropping of liquids or from heat, the immediate applisation of raw linseed oil will gradually restore the color. The oil should be left on the affect- ed spot for several hours or over night. Al- cohol will perform the service if applied at once to rosewood or highly finished mahog- any. In each instance, when the color has returned, the spot should be repolished with a piece of cheesecloth moistened with tarpentine. For chapped hands into one pint of clear water pour one half ounce of pure glycer- ine, four tablespoonfule of powdered borax, one block of gum camphor and one half pint of bay rem. This preparation is an old and tried remedy. Itis also good for tetter in the hands. — Woman's Home Com- panion. No fashionable wardrobe next summer will be complete without a suit of white embroidered linen. Shirrings are revived and are to be used in a variety of ways upon modish spring costumes. Fruit, especially grapes, carrants and cherries, will be extensively used upon spring head coverings. Skirts are not to flare. The tight cling- ing skirts of a year ago have given place to shapes that fall in pleats and loose puffs from a yoke. There are three styles of jackets exhibit- ed among the correct tailor gowns, these being the paletot, the straight-round blouse with hip piece, and blouse with tab front. The shirt-waist suit of natural-colored linen will be one of the most swagger of the season. ‘*Every sleeping room,’’ says a lecturer on house building, *‘should have a fire- place or a ventilating flue, of fifty square inches area. The smaller the room the more important this becomes. The neglect of this precaution, which is common in apartment houses, is a serions matter, and will not be without an injurious effect up- on the health of the community.” It is on these practical points that the woman electing to build a house this spring should inform herself. ‘A glass of hot water and lemon juice taken before meals will cleanse the stomach of macus. In this instance no sugar should be added. Lemon juice, hot water and salt instead of sugar is a remedy advised for sick-headache and bilionsness. Hot water is far more of a medical prop- erty than many believe or know. Because it is to be had for the making, thousands think it valueless, on the theory that what comes easiest is oftentimes least thought of. The uses of hot water are, however, many. For example, there is nothing that so quickly cuts short congestion of the lungs, a sore throat, or rheumatism as hot water when applied promptly and thorough- ly. Headache almost always yields to the simultaneous application of hot water to the feet and back of the neck. A towel folded several times and dipped in water; and guickly wrung ont and applied over the toothache or neuralgia, will gradually afford prompt relief. A strip of flannel, or napkin, folded lengthwise and dipped in hot water and wrung out, and then applied around the neck of a child that has the croup, will sometimes bring relief in ten minutes. The woman of Bethany, Mo., organized an improvement association,and in fourmonths the streets had been cleaned, the court house square made attractive by wvaser of growing plants,and the city council hasheen requested to enforce sanitary ordinances with greater vigor. This listie town has less than three thousand population, but this association has opened a fine public waiting roam, light and airy, furnished with toilet conveniences, and reading mat- ter, and beautified with plants and pictures. The association employs a matron to look after the comfort of guests.—The 4 meri- can Mother. Typhoid Fever. Impure Water by no Means the Sole Habitat of Germs. New Facts Recently Disclosed. Raw Vegetables and Fruit the Source of Many Cases of the Disease—Seven-Tenths, says a Well-Known Baltimore Specialist. The annual epidemic of typhoid fever is at its height and Health Boards and phy- sicians are making more than the usual efforts to trace the source of the disease. It is not always well to become panicky when you hear somebody shout: the water supply; it’s something terrible— thick with typhoid germs.” The efforts of health authorities to secure pure water have reduced the number of typhoid cases it is true; but the disease is still too fre- quent to attribute its sole source to impure water. While everybody knows that im- pure drinking water has long been oconsid- ered the main thriving element for the ty- phoid bacillus, in a town like Bellefonte, where the water is reasonably pure the season round, some other source must be looked to for the great majority of typhoid cases. AN IMPORTANT DISCOVERY. The Chicago Health Board has just made an exceptionally valuable discovery. Paz- zled to note that the highest mortality of typhoid fever was in a region of the city where the water was least contaminated— a district called the ‘““Ghetto,’’ because its inhabitants are mainly Jews of the poorer class—the health inspectors started an in- vestigation. They found that these people consumed large quantities of raw vegeta- bles grown in their gardens, upon which the overflow of vaults and cesspools has been spread as fertilizer. An analysis of the ground in which these vegetables grew showed it to be reeking with typhoid bacilli. Even peeling the vegetables eaten by the Jews in Chicago made little difference, as the minute germs would find their way from the hand or knife to the fresh surface. Boiled the vegetables were harmless. The ty- phoid germ is almost indestructible except by heat of not less than the temperature of boiling water. It will live indefinitely frozen in cakes of ice. Experiments have proved that this germ will live thirty-two days in distilled water. It hardly needs food to enable it to exist. DR. CATHELL’S THEORY. Bearing out the theory of typhoid germs on fruit and vegetables, Dr. Cathell, of Baltimore, says he is convinced that seven out of every ten cases of typhoid fever which have come under his notice since he has been practicing medicine have been caused by eating fruit or vegetables upon the surface of which the germs were con- cealed. Hesays: “If there bas been typhoid fever in a locality it is very reasonable to believe that the germs have gotten into the soil, and especially in view of the way farms and gardens in the vicinity of Baltimore are fertilized. Now the germs get into the wells and streams by being washed down by the rain, so why should not fruit and vegetables which have been in contact with that soil bear the germs on their surfaces. ‘“The rain frequently washes the earth up on the tomatoes as they hang on the vines, and peaches and apples fall to the ground and often lie in puddles of water which may be infested with the germs of typhoid. They are picked up, rubbed and taken to market. ‘“If you will look at a tomato you will frequently, and, indeed, generally, find earth on it in one place or another. Where it joins the stem there is often quite a cavity left when the vegetable is gathered, and there are generally seams and depres- sions in it, in which you find traces of the soil. That is where I believe the germs lark. Why, when a man has a peck of tomatoes from a locality where there bas been typhoid, he probably has 40,000 germs. ‘‘Many people will take a tomato or a peach and will rub it off with their hands and eat it, without stopping to think what danger they may be running. The fuzz of the peach makes it easy for the germs to cling. Radishes, too, which cowe right out of the ground, may be a source of dan- ger, and cantaloupes would he another were it not that we do not touch the rind with our lips. “Typhoid germs live and propagate in the soil, and they may be there for months or perhaps years after there has been a case of the disease near by. ‘*What strengthens me in my belief that it is the dirt on the fruit and vegetables that people eat that gives them typhoid is the fact that the diseaseis only prevalent during the season when there is a great deal of fruit and vegetables and people are most apt to eat them raw. Take the skin off of the peach, apple or tomato when youn eat it and in that way you will avoid the germs. This is such a simple precaution that anybody can follow it, and the theory itself is so simple a one that I am surprised that it has not been generally advanced. In all the course of my reading of the literature of typhoid fever I have never come across it, however,”’ IMPORTANT ‘‘DON’TS.”’ M. S. Schesinger, Ph. D., a New York bacteriologist, gives the following list: Don’t drink water of doubtful purity until it has been boiled for thirty minutes and then cooled. Don’t eat raw vegetables until they bave been thoroughly washed in pure water. Don’t let flies in the house; keep them away from all food supplies. Don’t fail to disinfect everything that comes from the room of a typhoid fever patient. Don’t neglect to consult a doctor at once when you have dull headaches and a bilious feeling, with intermittent fever, it may be typhoid fever; give yourself the benefit of the doubt. . Proposed Lee Memorial, i Move to Erect a Statue of Him at Gettysburg Erection of an equestrian statue of Gen- eral Robert Lee on the Gettysburg battle- field will be the object of a bill which will be introduced this week in the Legislature by Representative Thomas V. Cooper, of Delaware county. Col. A. M. McClure is the author of the bill. The proposed act will appropriate $20,- 000 and provide for a commission to co- operate with Virginians in obtaining a statue of Generel Lee. This commission, it is specified shall consist of the Governor. the Adjutant General and five veterans of the Union army. The statue is to be of bronze and the site for its erection some point on Seminary Hill. It is provided that Virginia must also appropriate $20,000. ——Sabsoribe for the WATCHMAN. A Bark Destroyed. The bark Abiel Abbott, Captain Haw- kins, went aground one mile north of Ship Bottom light near Barnegat Bay New Jer- sey last week, and is fast going to pieces. Five of her crew of nine were picked up by the life-savers, but itis believed that the four other members were killed by fall- ing wreckage. The Abbott was bound from Turks Island for New York, laden with salt. Daring the heavy weather she lost her bearings and ran aground. The strain caused one of her masts to fall, and it is thought that four of her crew were killed by the wreck- age. The other members were in a dying condition when taken from the wreckage by the life-savers. The crew of the life-saving station is con- tinuing the search for the other members of the crew. The Abhott will be a total loss. One of the rescued men, whose name is unknown, died from exposure in the Ship Bottom life-saving station. The condition of the four other men is critical. They are unconscious. The men were rescued by the life-savers three miles at sea. They were taken off the bark’s house, which they had used as a raft. This is the third vessel wrecked within the past three weeks near this station. —The best time to prune fruit trees z just before the sap begins to flow—from February to April—according to the lati- tude. The wounds will then heal over rapidly, withont leaving dead wood or scars. The next best time is from the mid- dle to the last of June, when the sap flows afresh and the trees commence a second growth, but heavy pruning should never be practiced in June. March pruning may be saved by pinching and rubbing off su- perflaous sprouts during the growing season, ——Subseribe for the WATCHMAN. Castoria. A ST OO BR'I A cC AST O BI A Cc A. 8S. .T OO B 1 A C A'S T 0 R:I.A C A 8 T 0 R IA cece BEARS THE SIGNATURE OF CHAS. H FLETCHER. THE KIND YOU HAVE ALWAYS BOUGH1 In Use For Over 30 Years. ccc A S P 0 “RIA C A 8 T ORE A C A 8 T 0: RB: 1A Cc A S T Qo BR... 1 A Cc A 8 T oO. RR. .1T "A ccc A 8 T 0 RSE A 46-19-1y The Centaur Co.,New York City. waz Jewelry. VV EERE TO GET. The Latest Novelties, DIAMONDS, WATCHES, STERLING SILVERWARE, CLOCKS, | JEWELRY, POCKET BOOKS, UMBRELLAS. SILVER TOILET WARE, An abundant Stock at Moderate Prices. minnie | (3 romeo F. C. RICHARD'S SONS, 41-46 High St. BELLEFONTE PA McCalmont & Co. HARNESS, ROBES, of twenty per cent and the ONLY. 46-4-13 NEW YEAR BARGAIN SALE. In wishing you a happy and prosperous New Year, we take this opportunity to announce to our customers a TWENTY PER CENT REDUCTION IN BLANKETS anp HORSE EQUIPMENTS. In order to fully appreciate the character of this offer, call and examine the quality of these goods. REMEMBER they are sold subject to a slaughter sale cut will last during January BIG CUT IN SKATES We offer the entire remaining stock, at a reduction of THIRTY PER CENT. Just think of it! Nearly one third less than the regular price. McCALMONT & CO. BELLEFONTE, PA. Saddlery. New Advertisements. SPECIA LL. OFFERS THE OLD RELIABLE KEYSTONE HARNESS FACTORY Will offer for the NEXT SIXTY Days Robes, Blankets, Nickle and Rubber Trimmed Harness in single and double. YOU MUST DO THE SUM TO PROVE IT We have at Drsent the largest stock of WINTER GOODS that has been placed on our counters for many years, the latest styles of Fine Plush and Fur Robes, a full line of Stable and Square Blankets, and at prices that will astonish you at a glance. You must see these goods to find what you can do for little money. We Have Made a Big Cut in these Goods BLANKETS, ROBES and HARNESS. Come in and let us figure with you on anything you may want in our line. We are Headquarters for EVERYTHING IN THE HORSE LINE We have in stock about ONE HUN- DRED WORK COLLARS that we re- duced in price—a good heavy collar for Two Dollars. NOW IS YOUR TIME FOR BARGAINS Take care of the horse and he will take care of you. We ‘carry a full line of Shoe Findings, Sole and Harness Leather, Azle Grease, Harness Oil, Soap, Brushes, Curry Combs, Whips, Working Gloves, Large line of Saddlery, Hardware. In fact everything you may need. All purchasers of $5.00 worth will be entitled to a present of one dollar's worth of a useful article. Yours truly, JAMES SCHOFIELD, Spring street, 47-37 BELLEFONTE, PA. Restaurant. CY RESTAURANT. . I have purchased the restaurant of Jas. I. McClure, on Bishop street. It will be my effort and pleasure to serve you to the best of my ability. You will find my restaurant CLEAN, FRESH and TIDY. Meals furnished at all hours. Fruits and delicacies to order. Game in season. COME IN AND TRY IT. 47-28-3m CHAS. A. HAZEL. Money to Loan. MONEY TO LOAN on good security and houses for rent. 2 J. M. KEICHLINE, 45-14-1yr. Att’y at Law, Wall Papering and Painting. CHICHESTER’S ENGLISH ENNYROYAL PILLS. Original and only genuine. Safe. Always re- liable. Ladies ask druggist for Chichester’s Eng- lish in Red and Gold metallic boxes, sealed wit blue ribbon. Take no other, refuse dangerous substitutes and imitations. Buy of your druggist or send 4c in stamps for particulars, testimonials and ‘“‘Relief for Ladies,” in letter, by return mail. 10,000 testimonials. Sold by all druggists CHICHESTER CHEMICAL CO. 47-14-1y Madison Square, Phila., Pa. Mention this paper. Pure Milk and Butter. URE MILK AND BUTTER THE YEAR ROUND FROM ROCK FARMS. The Pure Milk and Cream from the * Rock Farms is delivered to customers in Bellefonte daily. Fresh Gilt Edge Butter is delivered three times a week. You can make yearly contracts for milk, cream or butter by calling on or address- ing 5 J. HARRIS HOY, Manager, Office, No. 8 So. Allegheny St. Bellefonte, Pa. The fine Dairy Herd at Rock Farms is regularly inspected so that its product is absolutely pure and healthful. 43-45-1y Flour and Feed. 4 Ts Y. WAGNER, BrockERHOFF MiLis, BELLEFONTE, PA, Manufacturer, and wholesaler and retailers of ROLLER FLOUR, FEED, CORN MEAL, Ete. Also Dealer in Grain. Manufactures and has on hand at all times the following brands of high grade flour WHITE STAR, OUR BEST. HIGH GRADE, VICTORY PATENT, FANCY PATENT —formerly Phee- nix Mills high grade brand. The only place in the county where SPRAY, an extraordinary fine grade of Spring wheat Patent Flour can be obtained. ALSO: INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD. FEED OF ALL KINDS, 3 Whole or Manufactured. All kinds of Grain bought at office. Exchanges Flour for Wheat. OFFICE and STORE, - Bishop Street, Bellefonte. MILL, =- - - ROOPSBURG. 46-19-1y MAT AV ATLA TAA TA TATA Meat Markets. ECKENROTH THE OLD RELIABLE PAINTER PAPER HANGER Our entire stock of Wall Paper, Window Shades and Picture Frame Mouldings. I have the exclusive sale of Robert Graves Co., and M. H. Burges Sons & Co. Fine Florals and Tapestry effects. Wall Papers ever brought to this city. They are the Finest It will pay you to examine my stook and prices before going elsewhere. First class mechanics to put the paper on the wall and apply the pains to the woodwork. All work guaranteed in every respeot. 17-3 Bush Arcade, E. J. ECKENROTH, BELLEFONTE, Pa. GET THE BEST MEATS. You save nothing by buying, r, thin or gristly meats. I use only Rs , LARGEST, FATTEST, CATTLE, and supply my customers with the fresh- est, choicest, best blood and muscle mak- ing Bteaks and Roasts, My prices are no higher than poorer meats are eise- where. I always have ——DRESSED POULTRY, Gawe in season, and any kinds of good meats you want. Try My Suor. P. L. BEEZER. High Street, Bellefonte 43-34-1y AVE IN YOUR MEAT BILLS. There is no reason why you should use poor meat, or pay exorbitant prices for tender, juicy steaks. Good meat is abundant here- abouts, because good catue sheep and calves are to be had. WE BUY ONLY THE BEST and we sell only that which is good. We don't romise to Jive it away, but we will furnish you §00D MEAT, at prices that you have paid eleewhere for very poor. —GIVE US A TRIAL and see if you don’t save in the long rua and have better Meats, Poultry and Game (in sea- son) han have been furnished 2 2 GETTIG & KREAMER, Bush Homse Block: Brrievrontz, Pa. 44-18
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