i Bellefonte, Pa., May 30, 1902. P GRAY MEEK, . . Epitor Terms or SusscriprioN.—Until further notice this paper will be furnished to subscribers at the following rates : Paid strictly in advance..........couuunnnn $1.00 Paid before expiration of year... 1.50 Paid after expiration of year............ 2.00 Information for County Democrats. Since the last issue of the WATCHMAN, when it was announced that Col. D. F. ForTNEY and S. D. GETTIG Esq. would be aspirants for chairman of the Democratic county committee, to succeed JOHN J. BOWER, whose term expires in December, both gentlemen bave withdrawn from the contest and will not appear as candidates. ‘This is a most fortunate turn of affairs for the party, as it leaves the field open until the last moment for the selection of such an important officer and piecludes the possi- bility of a contest. Is is particularly advantageous to the Democracy at this time. Had there beena contest for the office of county chairman it would necessarily have caused the friends of Messrs. FORTNEY and GETTIG to line up to their support and might have engender- ed feelings of resentment that would have had a deteriorating effect upon the efforts of the successful aspirant. Next year the campaign will be an unimportant one, but two years hence, in 1904, Centre county will elect a President Judge, vote for a President, Congressman, Legislators and several county officers. The election of a Judge will make it of utmost import and there will need be perfect unity and single- ness of purpose in the ranks of the Democ- racy. lf it was a desire to bring about such a condition that actuated Col. FORTNEY and Mr. GETTIG in their withdrawal the WATCHMAN congratulates them, for there can be no question of the good results ac- complished by it. It at once eliminated the possibility of a split anywhere and gives the convention free hand to the unan- imous choice of a county chairman. County chairman JOHN BOWER has an- nounced the following list of officials who will conduct the primary elections in the various voting precincts of the county on Saturday, May 31st. The first name mentioned in each pre- cinet is the chairman of the precinct, who will be presiding officer of the election board, and the two following are the per- sons he has selected to act as his assistants: Bellefonte Boro, N. W.—John Trafford, L. A. Shaffer, W. J. Singer. 8. W.—P. H. Garrity, John Noll, M. Sheilds. W. W.—Geo. R. Meek, Edward Schofield, 1.. H. Me- “ “ “ “ Quistion. Centre Hall Boro—J. D. Dauberman, Wm. Boozer, C. W. Slack. Howard Boro.—A. Weber, H. A. Moore, D. R. Wilson. : Milesburg Boro.—George Noll, William Shope, : Homer E. Carr. Miliheim Boro.—F, P. Musser, Samuel Wiser, Lester Musser. Philipsburg Boro, 1st W.—J. W. Lukens, F. K. White, Harvey Lingle. 2nd W.—E. J. Jones, Ira Howe, > Harry Paul. 3rd" W.—4. J. Graham, Harry Crain, William Reilly. State College Boro.--M. S. McDowell, William Kennedy, R. O. Glenn. Unionville Boro.—G. W. Rumberger, P. J. Mec- Dowell, J. E. Hall. Benner Township, N. P.—John F. Grove, William I'ressler, E. H. Whit- mer. S. P.—John Ishler. Boggs Township, N. P.—Oscar L. Fetzer, Ira P. Confer, Ed. Coakley. M. P.—G. H. Lyman, Robert Lucas, J. C. Barnhart. W. P.—James W. Fulmer, Henry Kohlbecker, Harry Charles. Burnside Township.—William Hipple, Nick Vali- mont, A. V. Daugherty. College Township.—I. J. Dreese, Edwin K.Smith, William A. Collins. Curtin Township.—Peter Robb Jr., D. B. DeLong, George Weaver. Ferguson Township, E. P.—W. H. Fry, Harry ? Koch, D. L. Miller. W. P.—Isaac Harpster, Sam- uel Harpster, Ellis Lytle. Gregg Township, N. P.—George W. Ream, Israel Rachau, George 37. Weaver, E. P.—F. M. Fisher, Charles Bartges, W. A. Neese. W. P.—William Pealer, Wil- liam Goodhart C. C. Bartges. Haines Township, W. P.—F. W. Keister, Luther Bower, H. A. Acker. E. P—.E. M. Boone, M. O. Stover, L. D. Orndorf. Harris Township.—R. B. Harrison, George Ishlers Thomas R ley. “Half Moon Township.—J. P. Sebring. Howard Township.—Robert W. Confer, A. M. ' Butler, H. M. Confer. Huston Township.—John W. Murphy, Freeman Craig, John Q. Miles. Liberty Township'—E. W. Gardner, J. A. Bitner, Jobn Abbott. Marion Township.—J. W. Orr, Ira Condo, Rufus Beirly. Miles Township, E. P.—Wm. H. Zeigler, H. C Brungart, C.D. Weaver’ M. P.—J. N. Meyer, W. H. Mor. ris, T.-C. Hosterman Miles Township, W. P.—E. H.Zeigler, A. J. Hazel, D. C. Caris. Patton Township.—Thomas M. Huey, W. D, Marshall, Wm, Sowers’ Penn Township.—A. L. Auman, Percival Sharp, W. E. Braucht. Potter Township.—E. A. Carson, James F. Stover, 8. J. McClintic. N. P.—D. K. Keller, Samuel T. Koch, Geo. H. Homan. W. P.—P. B. Jordan, D. R. Foreman, J. 8S. Har- man. Rush Township, N. P.—William E. Frank, J. P. Long, John Halber- shon. 8S. P.—John J. Wagner, John Kennedy,Samuel Wag- ner. Snow Shoe Township, E. P.—Martin McLaughlin, George Fravel, John D. Brown. W. P.—Wm. Kerin, Thos. “~ T'ubridy Jr., Chas. ; Lucas. Spring Township, N. P.—Jas. 8. Carson, Samuel White, Jas. Neese. 8. P.—James H. Corl, P. B. Bell, J. R. Barnes, id * W. P.—John L. Dunlap, Wil- liam Kane, A. V. Switzer. Taylor Township.—J. T. Merryman, P. 8. Hoover, John Shively. Union Township.—A. B. Hall, 8, K. Emerick, C. C. Hall. . “ “ PE “ “ - “ “ “ “" 6 “ . “ “ “ “ “ “ i" “ ce “ “ “© “ “ ““ “ Walker Township, E. P.—8. Peck, William B. Treaster, M. L. Beck. M. P.—J. D. Miller, Frank Ishler, Wm. Minich. W. P.—8. H. Shafer, William \ Corman, John L. Cole, Worth Township.—George C. Woodring, John A. W. Williams, William Young. . “ “ “ APPORTIONMENT OF DELEGATES. The number of delegates to which each election district is entitled as approved and ratified by the county committee is as fol- lows : BOROUGHS ; HalfMoon............... .. Bellefonte, N. W ........ 2 | Harris....... * S. W.......4 | Howard.. .¢ WW. W... 1 | Huston... Centre Hall........ 2 | Liberty... Howard...... 1 | Marion... Milesburg .. 1 Miles, Eas Millheim....... 3 “Middl Philipsburg, 1 “ West * 2W Patton... " SW... Penn South Philipsburg...... 1 Potter, Ni State College Y ¢ South Unionville......ceirieee £ TOWNSHIPS, Spring, North .. El mmo micitivio im mim mii . South... Burnside... ¢ West.. College .. Taylor.......... Curtin........ Union .......... Ferguson, E Walker, East $t Wes ' Mid Gregg, North. 1 " Wes $6 East... cert WOrthi vo emser scons id West.. Fen] Haines, East..... 3 Totuli.i. huis id West... .......3 Wm. J. Singer, JOHN J. BOWER, Secretary. Chairman. Under the rules of the party the election will be opened at 3 p. m. and close at 7 p. m. The delegates .chosen at the above stated time will meet in the court house, 1m Bellefonte, on Tuesday, June 3td, 1902, at 12 o’clock, noon, to nominate one candi- date for Register of Wills and Clerk of the Orphans’ Court, two candidates for Legis- lator, one candidate for Senate, one candi- date for Recorder, one candidate for Sheriff, two candidates for County Commissioner, one candidate for County Treasurer, two candidates for County Auditor, four dele- gates to the next Democratic state conven- tion, three congressional conferees, three senatorial confrees; to elect a chairman of the county committee, to serve from Janu- ary 1st, 1903, to January 1st, 1904, and to transact such other business as may appear before the convention in the interest of the party. I hereby certify that in accordance with rule 17, of the Democratic party of Centre county, requiring the registration of all candidates at least three weeks prior to the primary election, the following named per- sons have duly registered and are elegible to be voted for at the primaries. For State Senate : W. C. HEINLE, of Bellefonte. For Assembly : J. W. KEPLER, of Ferguson Twp. Rost. M. FOSTER, of State College. J. H. WETZEL, of Bellefonte. For Sheriff : H. S. TAYLOR, of Bellefonte. BURDINE BUTLER, of Howard Twp. For Register : A. G. ARCHEY, of Ferguson Twp. : For Recorder : JNo. C. ROWE, of Philipsburg. FRANK A. FOREMAN, of Centre Hall. For Treasurer : W. J. CARLIN, of Miles Twp. A. P. ZERBY, of Penn Twp. JNo. J. ARNEY, of Potter Twp. JOHN F. ALEXANDER, of Centre Hall. For Commissioner : W. E. FRANK, of Rush Twp. E. A. HUMPTON, of Snow Shoe Twp. . P. H. MEYER, of Harris Twp. IsAAc FRAIN, of Marion Twp. HENRY HEATON, of Boggs Twp. JOHN L. DUNLAP, of Spring Twp. : For Auditor ; J. H. BECK, of Walker Twp. W. H. TiBBENS, of. COLLEGE:TWP. Witness my hand this day and year af oresaid. Attest :— WM. J. SINGER, Sec., JNO. J. BOWER, : Chairman. The Democratic State Convention Pursuant to the rules of the Democratic party in the State of Pennsylvania, and the action of the Democratic state central com- mittee, notice is hereby given that a Dem- ocratic state convention for the purpose of nominating. One person for the office of Governor. One person for the office of Lieatenant- Governor. One person for the office of Secretary of Internal Affairs, and the transaction of such other business as may properly come before it, will he held on Wednesday, June 25th, 1902, at 12 o’clock noon, at the Park opera house, Erie, Penna. The representation will consist of repre- sentative delegates, one for each one thous- and or majority fraction of one thousand of the average vote cast for the Democratic candidates forstate office at the last pre- ceding state election in the respective representative districts of the State, pro- vided that each representative district shall have at least one delegate. Harrisburg, Pa., May 24th, 1902. Ww. T. CREASY. Chairman, Democratic State Central Committee. Declared Not Gullty. Samuel Salter and Others Acquitted of Charge of Ballot Box Stuffing. PHILADELPHIA, May 27.—Samuel Sal- ter, Jofeph D. Rodgers, Clarence Meeser, Harry McCabe and James T. Sheehan, who were indicted for ballot box stuffing in connection with the election of November 7th, 1899, were found guiltless by.a jury in quarter segsiong court yesterday. The jury retired at midnight Satarday night. It was testified that these men entered into a conspiracy with Salter to substitute strangers for the legal election officials in one of the precincts of Salter’s ward and to stuff the ballot box of that division with 215 fraudulent ballots; to return false elec- tion reports and to commit offenses of a similar nature in other wards. George Kirkland, who joined the alleged repeat- ers at the instance of a local newspaper, exposed the alleged conspiracy. Warrants were issued for the arrest of the five men, who, after entering bail, fled from the State and remained in hiding for two years. They returned a few week ago and surrendered themselves, At the time of the alleged crime Salter was deputy cor- oner of this city. Rodgers was a lieuten- ans of capitol police in Washington, and Meeser, McCabe and Sheehan, all held fed- eral positious in Washington. Salter For Legislature. May be a Candidate from the Scventh District. ATtrANTIC CITY, May 27.—Samuel Sal- ter, Who was acquitted of stuffing ballot boxes in Philadelphia, was here to-day in conference with Samuel Maloney and other Quaker City politicians, and it is said that an arrangement was made to make Salter the legislative candidate in the Seventh district of Philadelphia. It is alsosaid that Salter’s nomination has thé sanction of Mayor Ashbridge, Collector of Internal Revenue McCoach and other leaders. Explorers Safe. Kennan and Hill, Thought to Be Lost, Are Safe. ForT DE FRANCE, Island of Martinique, May 28.—5 p. m.—A tremendous explo- sion of very black smoke from Mont Pelee at a quarter before 9 o’clock this morning accentuated the fear entertained for the safety of George Kennan, the American author; who, with a land party, has been examining the northern part of the island. The governor of Martinique, M. L'Huerre, was at once seen with the object of arrang- ing for a rescue party to proceed by land in connection with the voyage along the coast of the United States cruiser Cincin- nati, should such steps appear necessary. At about 11 o'clock this morning Fer- nand Clerc, a wealthy land proprietor of Martinique, arrived here and announced that Mr. Kennan and his party were safe on a plantation at the north end of the island. Professor Robert T. Hill, United States government geologist and head of the ex- pedition sent to Martinique by the Na- tional Geographical society, who left Fort de France on Monday on horseback for the volcano, returned here this morning. He was completely worn out by his trip. Pro- fessor Hill made a thorough examination of the district through which he passed and obtained some data of importance. The explosion this morning was accom- panied by an enormous column of smoke, which rose nearly three miles into the air, but which was largely hidden from the view of the people of Port de France by a heavy cumulus. There was, consequently, no panic here. This column of smoke was seen from the British cruiser Indefatigable while she was at sea. The Indefatigable arrived here this morning to make anoth- er attempt to recover the body of the Brit- ish consul at St. Pierre, Mr. Jepp, and the archives of the consulate. With this end in view, the British cruiser proceeded this afternoon to St. Pierre, but the explosion of this morning has probably made it im- possible to effect a landing there. So many people have left Fort de France that the town is almost empty. Speaking personally of his position to Mont Pelee, President Hill said: ‘‘My attempt to examine the crater of Mont Pelee has been futile. I succeeded, however, in getting very close to Morne Rogue. At 7 o’clock Monday night I wit- nessed from a point near the ruins of St. Pierre a frightful explosion from Mont Pelee and noticed the accompanying phe- nomena. Following the salvos of detona- tions from the mountain, gigantic mush- room-shaped columus of smoke and cinders ascended far into the beautiful and clear star-lit sky and then passed in a black sheet to the south, and directly over my head. Through this sheet, which extend- ed a distance of ten miles from the crater, vivid and awful lightning like bolts flash- ed with alarming frequency. They follow- ed district paths of ignition, but were dif- ferent from lightning in that the bolts were horizontal and not perpendicular. This is indisputable evidence of the explosive hy- genes of the gases after they left the crater. This is a most-important ohservation. The phenomenon is entirely new in volcanic history. Mont Pelee Still Active. But all Within its Range are Dead or Have Fled to Places of Supposed Safety. The Conditions on 8t. Vincent. CALTRIES, Island of St. Lucia, Sunday, May 25.—St. Pierre, Martinique, is no longer of interest, except to the scientists. Mont Pelee is still active, bus all within its range are dead or have fled. Fort De- fiance is quieter after the large exodus of its inhabitants to neighboring colonies. The Martinique sufferers have sufficient food for the present. The 8t. Vincent volcano, the Soufrieie, is still active. The total loss of life as a result of its eruption is finally placed at 1,700, about the original estimate. The wounded and burned number 600. Many of those in the hospital cannot recover. More than 4,000 persons are destitute. They are receiving adequate relief. The damage done in St. Vincent is principally to the plantations. Many of the sugar works may be restored. Sugar hogsheads are being dug out of the lava and ash heaps. : The lava stream passed hehind George- ‘town, which, with the Chateau Belair, was uninjured. : Terrific Storm Adds to Troubles on St. Vincent. KiNaGsTON, Island of St. Vincent, Mon- day, May 26.—On Saturday night the dense clouds forming a canopy over the greater part of the island lowered and a severe thunder storm, accompanied by a heavy rainfall, broke over St. Vincent and ‘continued until to-day, causing the mud streams in the windward district of George- town to be flooded. The water pipes were damaged, several houses were washed away and two lives were lost. The rainfall was 80 heavy that it disturbed the bodies of the buried victims of the volcanic disaster, and corpses with putrid flesh hanging to the bones were exposed to view. During the rain storm the Soufriere volcano ap- peared to give forth dense clouds of vapor and steam, rising to a considerable height and spreading over the neighborhood. Roaring sounds from the mountain also caused apprehension of another eruption. Severe lightning lasted all night Saturday and Sunday. Eight inches of rain fell at Kingston between Saturday and Monday, the heaviest downfall since the hurricane. Royal Arcanum Elects Officers. ATLANTIC CITY, N. J., May 27.—The supreme council, Royal Arcanum, to-day elected the following officers for the ensu- ing year: Supreme regent, Joseph A. Lan- guts, Pittsburg; supreme vice regent, A. S. Robinson, St. Louis; supreme orator, Howard C. Wigging, Rome, N. Y.; sitting past, supreme regent, W. Holt Apgar, Trenton; supreme secretary. W. O. Rob- son, Boston; supreme treasurer, E. A. Skinner, Westfield; supreme auditor, Al- fred T. Turner, Boston; supreme chaplain, Uriah W. Tompkins, New York; supreme guide, H. S. Burkhards, Chicago; supreme warden, Isaac W. Caulfield, New York; supreme sentry, Rev. E. H. Leisenring, Chambersburg, Pa.; supreme trustees, James M. Johnson, Chicago; Charles H. Prentice, Hartford; -Clovis H. Bowen, Pawtucket, R. I. ~ Deathj of a Historic Horse. LANCASTER, Pa., May 28.—‘‘Duke," a valuable and historic horse owned by ‘‘Buf- falo Bill,”” died here to-day. A few days ago ‘‘Duke’’ was severely kicked by anoth- er horse, and when the ‘Wild West’? left here he was left behind for treatment. The ‘horse, a large, handsome sorrel, 22 years old, was presented to Colonel Cody by Gen- eral Nelson A. Miles and had been ridden by General Miles in his Indiana campaigns. Disapproval of the Court's Findings. MANILA, May 25.—The official findings of the court martial which tried Major L. W. and T. Waller and Lieutenant John H. A. Day of the Marine corps, for executing vatives of the island of Samar without trial, have béen made public. The reviewing authority of the court Major General Adna R. Chaffee, commander-in-chief of the American forces in the Philippines, has ex- pressed disapproval of the court’s findings in both cases. Referring to the case of Major Waller, the reviewing authority says : ‘The sending of natives in question to their death partook more of unlawful re- taliation than a justifiable act of war. In justice to the American military service, the fields of acquittal demand that they shall not meet with unqualified approval. The marines in Samar endured great suffering before their rescue and their of- ficers, from their sickbeds, voiced the re- vengefui anger of the men, who telephoned to Major Waller advising that the steve- dores be killed. Major Waller received this message while he was sick, prostrate from a fever, suffering acute pain of body, due to exposure and his exertions in behalf of his men and mental anguish concerning their fate, which had long been in doubt. Major Waller was at the time in telephonic communication with General Smith, who commanded the American forces in Samar, but he deliberately choose not to consuls General Smith regarding his contemplated action and, rather than forego the execu- tion of his unrestrained will, he assumed the power the laws of war and the customs of the service confer upon commanding of- ficers only in time of war. “Giving beed to the mental attitude of Major Waller, as much of the findings of Waller is not guilty of murder are ap- proved. But the reviewing authority is at a loss to understand why the court did not find against Major Waller in the minor of- fense. With the exception noted, the ac- quittal, as it appears in the record of the proceedings, is disapproved.” Referring to the case of Lientenant Day, the reviewing authority says : **The accused knew that for three weeks Major Waller had undergone a test of his mental and physical endurance such as few men are called upon to suffer. While ful- ly conceding the grave responsibility as- sumed by a subordinate officer wilfully dis- obeying an order of his commanding officer, still the weighty reasons r1elated, with which Lieutenant Day was acquainted, so tainted Major Waller’s order that Lieuten- ant Day should have been prompted to pos- itive disobedience. An officer must be con- scientiously regardful of the unquestioned legality of his agency in taking the lives of his fellow-men. Above and bevond all personal cobsiderations, officers muss guard the name and honor of the country. Had Lieutenant Day been actuated by such considerations, he would, probably have prevented one of the most regrettable inci- dents in the annals of the military service of the United States. Two Herds of Mammoth Elephants. The Great Walter L. Main—The Best Trained Ele- phants Ever Shown and Other Features. One of the most stupendous and interest- ing sights of a circus that is given least con- sideration and which is entitled to more than passing notice is the educational value thereof, aside from the amusement feat- ures. A child is sent toschool and the aver- age youth or youngster finds as most inter- esting the study of natural history. It ‘dotes on the lordly, ferocious lon; it -is amused by the Lillipntian’monkey ; it mars vels on the monstrousness of the elephant and worries over the pronunciation of *‘hip- popotamus.’”” A teacher will vouch for the statement that one object lesson is of more value than a hundred of book lessons. The gigantic menagerie of Walter L. Main’ big shows affords the only possible oppor- tunity for a child to study in life the ani- mals whose pictures they are wont to see in their school books. Counsequently this enor- mous educational amusements institution will appeaar in Bellefonte, on Wednesday, June 4th. In different rings the two big herds of performing elephants will appear, the col- lection of which began nearly a quarter of a century ago which has been in continuous training ever scince. It includes some of the biggest, wisest and the oldest of their species, whose intelligence and powers of -mimicry have been directed in different met- hods, illustrating in many astonishing queer and comical ways, and in novel feats apparently impossible to such bulky mam- mals. They have graduated to the degree of masters of the elephantine art. They are great—great enough to command special attention among the innumerable thous- ands of greatest, senative and fun-makers of the greatest, grandest amusement enter- prise on earth. End of Hard Coal Strike Sald to be in Sight. WILKESBARRE, May 28.—Everything now points to an early termination of the coal strike. There is not the slighest pros- pect of effective co-operation in any bitu- minous field, and the miners are convinced that their demands upon the anthracite operators will not be conceded. : I am ad- vised on the best authority that arrange- ments to conclude it have already been agreed upon, but that the details will not be given out until Monday, for the reason that the Stock Exchange will not have opportunity to take proper advantage of it before that day, owing to the general exo- dus for the Decoration day and Saturday vacation. I do not state this as a fact, but I am prepared to say it is believed by oper- ators, bank presidents and representative men of the anthracite trade. During the past few days, since the de- parture of Mr. Mitchell, every one con- nected with the management of the anthra- cite strike has manifested keen anxiety, and the union men who have been noticed about the headquarters have appeared worried. Mitchell is expected back to- morrow. The attitude of the engineers, pumpmen and firemen is satisfactory to the leaders, and the fact that the plan to flood the mines as an act of war has failed of its purpose, together with the growing dissatisfaction manifested by the miners who did not want to strike and are desirous of resurning to work, accounts for the evi- dent uneasiness of the district leaders tem- porarily in charge. Lucky It Was Dark. From the Juniata Star A good joke is told on a Fayette town- ship man. He went to Mifflin and while there thought he would surprise his wife by returning in the evening in a brand new suit of clothes. When he reached the bridge near Oakland Mills he hastily pulled off his clothes and tossed them in the creek. ‘When he reached for the new suit he found to his surprise that the bundle had jolted out of his buggy. Luckily it was after dark and he drove home and the surprise to his wife was a success. the court as are to the effect that Major’ Dredging For Gold. The Method Which Mr. 0. T. Switzer Will Employ to Get from the Earth the Millions Which He has Discovered. History does not tell us the method em- ployed by King Solomon to extract from the mines in Africa, the fabulous wealth of gold with which be beautified and embel- lished the temple at Jerusalem. Whatever that method from our 20th century stand- point was primitive. Gold mining’ is al- most as old as creation, and gold has al- ways been the standard of value, because of its rarity and the difficulty experienced in its acquiring. The enward march of civilization in the 19th century has been more rapid and more pregnant with true progress, than any five centuries in the Christian era. The age of steam and electricity, the sub- stitution of mechanical for muscular ener- gy, bas made life more livable, and com- mercial progression more potential. The genius of invention has revolutionized all departments of the world’s activities, and in the field of mining has made the prob- lematic a rich reality and the impossible a glowing certainty. The wealth of the hills and the valleys in copper, lead, iron, coal, "zine, tin, nickle, silver aud gold pays trib- ute as never before in the world’s history to the genius, determination and dauntless- ness of the seeker after treasure. When Switzer left his home in Philipsburg, Pa., to brave the rigors of the Arctic circle his quest was gold, and the storehouse of the world’s gold, is in the land of the mid- night sun. Intelligent comprehension of the situation, coupled with patient endur- ance. brought its usnal result and Mr. Switzer after four years of hardship and loneliness discovered and succeeded in ac- quiring 1,280 acres of the most valuable placer territory ever located, embracing 3 miles of Pine Creek in the Atlin District of British Columbia. From thiscreek, in the season of 1899 and 1900, was taken millions of dollars by individual miners working with pick, shovel and sluice hox, the most primitive form of mining known. This gold was found in large coarse dust and nuggets, some of the latter weighing 82} ounces, at $20 per ounce. There are two distinct classes of mining, viz: quartz and placer. Quartz gold is found in the flinty rock and must be blasted for and tunnelled, making the search exceeding uncertain, and very ex- pensive. Only about 5 per cent. of the quartz gold mines have proved very sucess- ful and the work can only be sucessfully carried on in very rich rock, by the invest- ment of enormous sums of money in min- ing machinery, and the various complicated methods of extracting the gold after it has been mined. Placer mining is the washing of gold out of the gravel and dirt as it is found in the old river beds and creeks, and in the contiguous teriitory. Scientists ex- plain the phenomena by saying that during the Glacial period great mountains of snow and ice becoming dislodged through chang- ing climatic conditions, sliding down the mountains with their weight of millions of tons, ground out the gold and deposited it in the valleys and river courses. Later came the volcanic period, and these parti- cles of gold by natural aclusion flowed to- gether, and large gold nuggets were formed in this way. Until a few years ago, the only method of extracting gold from this dirt or gravel was by sluicing. The sluice box is 12 inches wide by 12 inches high by 14 long. In the bottom of this box slats are nailed at right angles 2 feet apart; on top of these slats are other strips called riffles one and one-half inches in diameter, fastened to-. gether by cross bars. Through this sluice ‘hox a stream of water'is ranting and the miner throws his gold-hearing dirt into the box. The gold immediately sinks to the bottom and is saved by the riffles, and the dirt and rock is washed away by the stream. An individual miner can dig and wash about five cubic yards per day, and in rea- sonably rich ground can get out from $150 to $450 per day. : Within the last few years there has been invented hy New Zealanders a most ingen- ious machine, known as the inland dredge. This machine is not intended to work in lakes and rivers but anywhere the gold is found in placer formation. This machine has been greatly improved by American mechanical ingenuity and is to-day the most perfect running machine in the world. It consists of an endless chain of buckets, 64 in number, each bucket weigh- ing a ton, these buckets revolving dig up against a bank in which the gold is.found, load and dump into a hopper at the rate of 18 per minute. The hopper feeds a revolv- ing screen 25 feet long by 8 feet in diame- ter, filled with perforations. A stream of water, 3,000 gallons per minute, is forced through the screen and the gold is washed out and deposited on gold saving tables, while the dirt. boulder and gravel is ele- vated and stacked behind. This dredge digs 5,000 cubic yards of dirt per day, at a cost of 5 cents per cubic yard doing the work of 500 men and doing if better. The ground which Mr. Switzer owns on Pine creek, shows values form $10 to $56 per cubic yard and this dredge will make a rec- ord for values ‘never before made, as no dredge has been worked in ground which is so rich. A corporation has been organized to work this valuable discovery and only enough stock is being sold to in- stall this machine upon the property. A limited lot of this allotment remains un- sold, price 50 cents per share, par value $1.00. When this dredge is installed divi- dends will commence being paid which will last a life-time. The banking and broker- age firm of Benjamin C. Warnick & Co., of Philadelphia, are the fiscal agents and subscription sent to them, accompanied by check, will be registered and certificate forwarded immediately. No subscriptions for over 2,000 shares received, nor less than 100 shares. Pennsylvania Railroad Reduced Rates to Minneapolis or St. Paul, Ac- count National Meeting, Fra=- ternal Order of Eagles. On account of the national meeting, Fraternal Order of Eagles, at Minneapolis, Minn., June 3rd to 8th, the Pennsylvania railroad company will sell excursion tickets from all stations on its lines to Minneapolis or St. Paul, May 31st to June 2nd, good to return not earlier than June 3rd, and not later than June 9th, at greatly reduced rates. These tickets will be good for re- turn passage only when executed by joint agent at St. Paul or Minneapolis and pay- ment of 25 cents made for this service. By depositing ticket with joint agent not earlier than June 3rd nor later than June 9th, and payment of 50 cents at time of deposit, an extension of return limit may be obtained to leave St. Paul or Minneapo- lis not later than July 7th. Easy For Clement, From the Clearfield Raftsmans Journal. Clement Dale has announced for Congress in Centre county and will probably get the Conferees unopposed at the primaries, May 31st. Mr. Dale always runs for office when there is no opposing candidate and, there- fore, nearly always wins. Read—Read Carefully. We sell haruess to every part of the county, and over a large pars of the State. Why should you run around looking for cheap goods when you can buy first class goods almost as cheap from wus? We guarantee all goods and price, and have at the present a very large assortment of light, single and double harness—at AWAY DOWN PRICES. Don’t fail to see this line of goods. We have also placed in stock a big line of shoe findings, sole leath- er inside and cut in strips. We carry a big line of men’s working gloves and mit- tens at all prices. We are employing four first class work- men and your orders by mail will have our prompt attention. When you come in to see the show be sure that you see it all—as you will miss a good thing if you fail to examine our line of dusters, nets and horse sheets. Respt. yours, JAS. SCHOFIELD. Boers Are Pat to Rout. Commandant Malon Mortally Wounded in Fight With Mounted Troops. MIDDLEBURGH, Transvaal, May 28.— Major Collett, with a detachment of the mounted troops of this district, encounter- ed a force of Boers on the Repon road May 27. * The engagement which followed last- ed for a long time, the enemy finally draw- ing off, leaving behind them on the field Commandant Malon, who was mortally wounded. An armored train engaged the same party of Boers the evening of May 27, but no de- tails of the latter engagement are at hand. ADDITIONAL LOCALS ——Ten dollars and a quarter a ton for authracite coal makes it quite expensive to roast beef in Philadelphia. al ——While handling a revolver on Wed- nesday afternoon John Solt accidentally discharged it and blew a finger off his right band. —— te ——The Germania orchestra of Lock Haven played for a dance in Philipsburg Wednesday night and for the High school commencement exercises yesterday. A ——Philip Iddings, of Unionville, took charge of the Penna. restaurant in Philips- burg on Wednesday. He has purchased the place and will conduct it in the fatore. el ——E. H. Meyers, a graduate of The Pennsylvania State College in the class of 1897, has been selected to complete the mathematical corps of the instructors at the Academy for next year. Mr. Meyers has been filling the place of Mr. Killen for the past month with such satisfaction to all concerned that the principals have deemed it the wisest thing to retain him. He is a teacher of several years coaching experience at College. rt ne ——A combination. Academy and High school base ball team went down to How- ard, on Saturday afternoon, and defeated the team at that place by the score of 8 to 3. It wasa very pretty game, through- out, with the exception of the second in- ning, when the Howard boys went to pieces for a few moments and before they got themselves ‘gathered together the ‘visitors: had scored four times. : —_——————— ——The truostee’s sale of the real estate owned by Robert Valentine will be held at the court house in this place, on Saturday, June 28th, and is advertised elsewhere in this issue. The property to be offered includes the fine new home at the corner of Curtin and Allegheny streets, four good farms near Bellefonte and five other proper- ties. They are to be sold hy the trustees for the creditors of Robert Valentine and you would do well to bear the date in mind. i pa ——The civil service examination for the postal service that will be held in this place on June 11th affords an opportunity for two young men to get onto the substi- tute carrier roll in the Bellefonte post- office, Two substitutes are needed and this examination is the only avenue through which the position can he reached. Mail clerk Will Garman, at the Bellefonte office, is secretary of the examining board and will furnish you with all the particu- lars needed for information concerning it. Qf ren ——It is significant that a far smaller number of applicants than usual are ap-- pearing to take the examinations necessary to qualify as teachers in the public schools of the county. There can be no doubt of one of the causes. The salaries paid are so small that young men and women realize the folly of preparing for teaching when less energy and brains applied in nearly any other vocation would secure them more profitable and more continucus employ- ment. FPO FARMERS’ INSTITUTES IN CENTRE Co.— Beginning with the winter of 1889-90, when Dr. E. W. Hale represented the county on the State Board of Agriculture, thirty farmers institutes have been held in this county at fourteen of the more promi- nent farming centres as follow : ~ Boalsburg, 2; Centre Hall 3; Howard, 5; Hublersburg, 2; Madisonburg, 1; Miles- burg, 1; Millheim, 2; Pine Grove Mills, 2; Port Matilda, 2; Rebersburg, 3; Spring Mills, 1; State College, 1; Stormstown, 2; Unionville 3. Perhaps there are other places in the county where meetings of this kind could be properly accommodated, and would be appreciated; or it may be that some of these where but one or two have been held are ready for another. The county board of managers, whose duty it is to select the places for the two which will be held during the coming winter, will meet at the office of the county commissioners on the third Tuesday of June, 17th, at half-past ten in the morn- ing, for this purpose. All communities which desire institutes should be represens- ed at this meeting to present their claims. If impracticable to send a committee, ad- dress a letter with the request to JOHN A. WoODWARD, Chairman. Howard, Pa.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers