1 1' Ills hi 'due to our national character. All the territory which we have acquired since the origin of the government, hai been by fair purchase froth France , Spain, and Alixico, or by thn free and vnintititrx not of the in- Cc; entlent, State of leans, Iv tiitie~ \ll.ll our on n. This course wt shall ever pursue. unless ciiciim si ances slioula occur, wi,iJtl ,1 e do tilt now antici pal., aci.Jertng e it clearly juatifinble, uudtr 11. a tani rune,, and over ruling law of sell It eaery anon. The island of Culm, flow its i!eoziaphlcal Pdtiou..!ollllll2,;tia t!lt:111011:11of.the M rasa a and- the nutumbe and align:llly in cringing trlde. f.rei,..,11 and covert/plat., ftdin 1.4 valley of Imt nut io inch. two, a 11mi the BUirerelo , :tat ea lir tho ith that luau l tinder the dominion tit n tote.gn pcnA , r, tht4 trade if (tat utiporta. to these State.;, t. et hosed to the daii4er 0 1 being tle•triit cd ui I.IIIP or a, al, and It has hitherto In en snhr, t,4i to . , perpetual injury Ali I •uum•aorrlu 4 4 pCnN. (hir rt tlon4 with .51 , 4111, Ir% 11101 ouyld to of the ittout C!in t :14•If r attest:o4bl' phi. ce.l in je ,pttr.ly wllll,t the vxottiov, coluiti , ll goveintuopt ova t . ile 1.1 ull 01 10 limo in Its peesen,f c rild s tiJe. Whikt the el Ile 1..11“ , 1 %could he of Tact littelkottnttce to the 1:t0 , c.1 S'atts.. its Y.(1 ( 10 (0 Spool 1., e onpartticeie. noon ; ortant. 5u..1r,,%ft.: the 1..4.0110 .41 tI N 11211 CI • par* „ - f -rit .1 Lountiat.a to the k'pr,ii m e n t of f.toki it a ou'd Itlett lieen worse than h , rI rr was or he ?nit' mai lent ,mile, dife - el.. l'orßytti to retrric-r- his (II and titter , stn of Fran , . no IR 1 5 , 11 1111 'eel ri nie diplomatly rt lotions) wills UL tit , ltolld, hag 'tern/ Hanle ts, I.lin I hint nail ,f I% 3,, Ihendore. 3,•,eptilg n p,toti•aiy elut,dent 111 OW , drew( d proper to honcho') 111 ItildraWal el . Atoll. of the let , '„ition front th ,, city of It erne°. -I !'hepitl.ll ,, (v wind, 1 0 .4 beet, given tO not I Abundant c:1111.-e% tx,Sth, for a T'ettort lu f.,r,ner n , g;oomt,,koky on the aul,lerl, null the htttlltties against the government still 101151- oppropriation whieli war he retpur.,l ; log o f the rnpito lshould they to tifect the intri , o‘e ren Lr it exp. client. I •weeet it VI vu 6, lm.tg theum. l , h lUuna l f o n • bt'flt anotlt r attc top( to renew - fire .4- tsc oft reowint4e - 4.t.Tot•oull 111111 has, expir tle:Toetpti , nt. it at I Nhoula Ity wholt ,it II r 1 of op sr ful ttleinent of our , 1 . 1/1i before Con4r , Tins t - t 110 I the other liana, , ltooll the consign ftq it Mat' •• 1101 , 11 , 11 1 1 110 0 tot I othßl parte prevail. ait , l lit it authority hot I tint, Ll with flit he est.thh Zlied nor th. 'republic, theft. 14 rin anti 1.4 . in —to!, Itti a , 1% to tit ,. Spat , ' reason to hope that they tII lie nut iiiatntf p.tteroiii,tt , s , the 4 i,rtitlitt; of the I by a 1,, imfiletiAl)' , :op! may giant treaty, w, heil Rh tog the r,ttiti noon or I toot rct, , i..t. to Am, 'wan citi/eits. shich he the ‘zot,,aitt. I Am ritcourti,c , l or+l.“. Ma tint; ion, I.t the n t catn.' 11r. J. 1- 114, means It for Ihis expectation. I , 111'51 I ,lusts, , tntia to. ;hut irtth,,,eof .11 I , no- have r , cotntneinled to Ct) ongre , to •Lq; • I , gram Iry .013' power ,-, v:•-sr t oriti , • of from tit take prort , ..rm of a NuatueilL pw.t1.9 1 4.9i • , r , for ii fly e. hot.. s•I I, t- 'o , I the reino t .e amt'inset ttesl territory of t tc , • f 4, 111,1o"t lit 111 COI t 1/./, t , , 11e trillrtr? moil nor morn • , shall he r , ,fressed and nor termini ttat. I n pft, in , • n,tn It' „ '1 44,, of her. 'HOPI la.' 1 , 1 tat •r• pr,ati••ll • 'u 7,77Yet . 11- . Inetti for pop' .r none e. the clan. .11 ( 1 , I're., 1,1e...t. P-1., teat ii nr ..tion m 11,e , •Inber 1- lit nmi•' I‘,. r, p nt eiri by rite irroned.:ii, , pi ''bee--..r l er ISSII 1 !Lit in 1, in o ty is fatly duet , .• Sr tt Vht 1 , 11 5.03111 ,-, l ' the ( 1 ..1 , •be, 1795 an 1 .41nIst , 1•411ind , 11: 1,, n e " :gilt to .1, j 0.4 1 1 ,0 A l epirr 1•11:1 11 , 11 1 , 1 ,, Mr , 11) for t 11•.; not 11'0 caert a f..r , r ir 11 got dation RIM Spain our pocit•, , n .ist , lll in , lepen.l nt Statra ~b oth of rev oontin, :it ati , t es. witlon , h.• Itortliotri \ levo r0• n .•,1,t t,,ih losir 111t11. lif boun.lmy front n.•,•an to neen;.. a 1.1 tee tudq, n , cl.,,at sly f I dirp Out r' nt 'tll 1113 . CO:we'll.. the AA,•111 , • , 1•.: and Ole Lito or near an , it,hb .r IVe hose 31,11), 1•61'- / 0 1 , (1 the h111(le..1 1.1,t lan 11, 411,42.4 or has' in.1 , 11v,..1 the hope might 111. In,t, aft, r all it% malt. en jr.. rev', an.l Inro•Tr!II) r Ir• .• nu t slap e 17,1iletit . We Lay. Vet . r , terki4iCit;it 41.4WW.1t 1 4.1fe . r/444444ht.-W4 ll owe to nor.' 1, , 1 to the integrity of Its tel rit•w% b ranee of any outer ;lon% ,I ‘ll geegrni•'••••al salon, our due , * tl,al 'ern. y,', 0 I , .In y td to nt ttr It 'III "" \ t" , 1, " I, "f- t" ••• "'tl i e vi holt , I. meth ~ f VOI , O A r lll .- 1 h .1 ean itoaritie rio few -Mile remedy for these n Lei 1 11, nn'u,n. a 1 , Mier oft. rei ifs, and no mod , - or restoring IftOr nn lor st,ti.er hat 11..1t pe.l „. Kcal r ,* I , der n.l that t mote nut nose tiled frontier II StteOt .on en I , hot fir the g..e;roment of the I ' tit , it States tad n tame to hare br. n set at to RS-11t11 , • a lelllpOrhre loot , eiornte mer naught. altiow, as soon a. fly s a en' pro tiro nortle eii porno', of rhihila Mil arid So udrilined. ' the astesw...sive Crt.1111.7111.7; bat' utira . and 10.1.-0,11111.A1 military frosts within IltrUrdell iii 11 , 1 , foam pr 41 , 11,,,, • 1111er t i the same awl thio I earnest] v riientnintuol Mexican artistes of for 1;411 • •mgreu,s. 1 his proteetion mat - lie o lb l‘wlew, %nohow,. Ilk' • ere. a -.1 , 7' ll eof dram Se. ~ /..t/1 R 4 tot 31 korerflt/i/IItS 0111) the capital Ly it nelitai y elm flaw has he, ',.. tt ellt rat! no let -* Ile re nutwl ..••• I , pal,fe of ; wile , their duties to the I'm inie,m; of the ; bp, for It finer teal 'states it shaming the last and pi•r pet iral, hot not -t the pr, , 111 eroi of rr\-.„,„, lent., Merman alter. \ seal has 1, ,II r,e, 1.1 , itiai this 111 ,. 3.11re will be trig for -.creel not tl 1 - 11,..1 wit tl e t. I uLli ' s ,reel io al, ~ ...fly spirit by' Ow govern between the e• gate inn nt nt th ill, in 'ow and of Chihuahua. and Sono ol titnch hao finiteirriortai to wihe , r; •, it will efieriusdeve the the eonpit,to,o,,, I 1,1 r; nut'' 11 t 1,1 oto Cll , lll or their "Iwo it, on i hal remote Lower, find th'i-e al, to oal i tie ' 1114 latele• , , r n, for eiti/etts of the ty of that row -Otto i.e. The , 11 , a rerui t ft Par t" aired ties each tilt poss. 441 ,, 11 rent 01 .1 1 , A, ‘ ,l It , ti ll , mutt , tttttii , pttritit i t tt , rt , of the rowii.i . nod 0„• r Item' oar ale oo• Irt co""a"ilY••..ail • it e.: , lob the Iteeo The popi.latiiin of that Territory reprehensib'e in• an, i , • • , i 11111131.er101ta, n 11111.;30.1 to tut e than ter' both parts, t i extort •, from haw - thousand souls 311• peiete ally w•thout n as Well a,^. t1 , s•opool10; r• g . „iiii.„,, eonte,t. Thu 17'11.111, 1 1 1" I .1 11 , c oiiet repolar faieel of pistil e. Sturdier tileaseil \sail and awl other et s ale fsoniiiitied with mow climate, has bee du oil I, eIYII 111 ,, n wit. 11,4 it b erg. rail s l ou dly f or pipit to at cnndtunn of aho",l hop. :yew ri•drgs and but eG.lr • etient my reeom; eh- Y 2.” I. w ""I h e 'nut for , nucuttgoiiii lot tii• e , uihhnluucut of a tu.rn thts in attempt to 1-11 - 01 e, 11 , '," 1..iil got .1.1 Arl/01111. meet ill money of i;,, , etione, of Armco • ai , 'I lic e ,, 11 , 111.11,11 of the narrow loth emountiii; to more than ••• - 1 tams of Central %nu 1 •rit tl•riC which lino • (MO 0011, against. \ lesieo hr SU , Is VI( routes pass, heti. lett the and mute of all peen:miry an, sat ii.. •••• Pai'lll , ! preseato Slllo t ieet of deep 'll'lll2lld 4. 11111 . 104 to all eollilllereell 111111 , 01 S, It IS f hir late r o, or these tiansits that a large proportion of pie powar , and matt ninon , - foi the auldnut - the trade and tiacel lietiet••ll the Euriopean Mehra I,l'llll pending Tueutiwis Vlllll the 111)41 ASI.II.IC eol,llllelitS 10 11,411101 to past trial ^ its( rilinent of Mi \WO aidhe pi i To do., no, v•tat v . lontes ar, of in ed lite duty With 7 , at a n d It , ~111) , The I ealculaide Impotanee, a. a 111 , 111 IS of mom claims of cur citizen', ',MOO of them arising I inituicat ton between their Atlantic and Pa out of the violation of art exec., pruil-mo tit I posse - ••'finil. The latter now extends the treaty of tiund.thine 11;dalgo, and others 1 throughout •orroti en degrees of latitude on fern gross injut 14 . `, p , r•t•qii as el 3` , .) th , ‘ P/10/1/ , ' eonfot end , ' Ar l f l g til t f i l'lforta" t property. have remained tin: -,vl .., I tt ate Of 1 311 , 1 11ie holt! Ishllltt Ter- I even unnoticed. 'tem.:diem. . 4 . ari a ll't I rltOrll . 4 of I fregon nail Washington. All these grevaiwev have but n All Ire , .ed a nth- 1 eIIITOO , 1.151 oat WITS. therefore, have a dip WWCefrecl, goefirmirg tit Ntriantoouri. and &reel Mier; tt — thftt fileSe 0 0404111k111011.• - various eorla of the rd puhlt • ow : tioni hhall he r. 11 , 11 re , l se , tire from 'Melt - up have horn rfilinermis of the inn rior.„ . ..tinipti . s- I (foil. - "lien arm of (hit sea. cu mbe c imiT, t he onmept mot plunder of wit - eLLtn n, by ilif- two e'l'ms pent tented through Nicaragua filch ettrties ;dentine; and esei oistug Meal and Costa It Pooh! not he pretended jurisdiction: bat the eenti;,l gavel nun , ot • 111. these !states wool , l have the right to arrest though repo lb dly urged t h ertta , halt manic or retard its 11 , 1 k .grit ion, to the in or olio no (limit either to popish the authors of these t r ' 1 he transit by land over this 1 t uiegiltrateet or - to - prevent their reoccurrence narrow lstlimmy oisuipiel nearly the ,same I I Nb Amelotan shire) ' can now visit, position It TO a big - hwey in whirl, - they on lawful litwinee u, vithout imnotielf, danger themectves have little interest, when coin-1 of his person and property. 11e:re to no ail- pareukoweth the vast intereulg of the ' rest of equate protection lo either; and in this roc the world. Whilst their rights of sat ereign sped. our treaty with tliat reptiiilic is Si' ty ought to ho reopected, it is the duty of i most a dear] letter. other noticing to ruelmre that this mmortant This state of affairs wail brought to ac. passage shall not be interrupted by the civil I sin in May last. by the promulgation of a ware and revolutionary outbreaks which decree levying a colitributtnn pro rata upon ' haye so frequently occurred in that region all the eapitnl in the republic, between cer.• The stake is tin important to be left at the I Lain specified Hit oints, Whether held by mercy of riva l companions, dimming to hold Mexicans or foreignerg. 11 r. Foreyth regar- i conflicting contra,:to with Nicaragua Thq! de(' this decree in the light of a tt foreo•l commerce of other nations le not to gtand • loan," formally proteete I against its appli- /it'll and await the adjus;..ment °ranch petty cation to his oath countrymen. and ad vh.ed controvereieg. The goveeitinent of the lint.: them not to pay the contribution, but to tell States expects no in ire than this, and entree tt W ha forcibly c•iptcteul. .tettng up- they wit( not be aatigficd with lose. They , on this advice . , an American eitizen refused, would not if they could, derive any edvan• to pay the contribution, and 111 A property Lege from the Nicaragua transit, not corn- was melted by armed men to satisfy' tha loon In the rest of the world. its neutrality/ amonnt. Not content, %jib this the govern- and Proteetiali. fur the common Ilse 0f„,41,14 went wee'. forther, " Lial [tooled a decree matrons, iv their only object. ' They have nn banishing fl'ou from the country. Oar min- objection t Ist Nicerogua shall demand and • • - ter itamedieteli notified them that if this receiee a fair compensation * from the 0611)• sle , tree hhOUII.I lie carried into t retention he ponies and Individuals who !hay traverse would fof it to L, his duty to adopt "the the route : hot that 'most that it flhall tier. most decided measures that belong to the powers and obligations that belong to the repel sentstive (ace." Noht ithstanding this Warning, the hnnisittnetit wan enforced, and Mr. 1'm . ..) coldly announced to the gov,intnint tbe sw.pensicn of ,he polnieill rela, ten, of kn. legatton Mita the pl , it nro of lus oe n got el 'intent should ' be aszota . med ' Thins I; ,‘ , ..•rument, did not regnr , l the 0 , 111- L I 'Oration unpo s ed hy the &ere: of the 15 . 1 t .May I.i.t to be in r.trietness n "limed' ' loan, 'and 00 ,11411F0111 1,, ted by till' 1 1 1( 11 mildh of t he I roily ..f Iri26 between (44reat Britain nial :11ex leo, to the benefits of 0 hush Atinerwan ratif.oll4 are nil Hill by treaty yet the imposition a the roof tilatitim 1110011 141 - , (41,4411.4 is 0•a , c010ra14414 41 so unjust soil op Pi i44 , slire 11 , ' , vies intorno' factious 110 uthui parts of the Itepuldlo wen.) at. this line time !co )1114 SIIIILI3r r50'6011 , 4 11r011 the property of our rat izens, and Intel rowing their cutiont 14.4 e. Tlivre hind been no entire fa ilure on the pail of our moos', r,.to scrum redrew for the wroligv wlnrh our citizoilg lind notwiLlistrtmliArr los ing rilort, And liom the temper manifest ed by dm \li rtron goyernitiint. he had re• p,eittilty assured Is that no fttrorrible iihange could be rtcpticted until rutted States e atilking eviilimee of their will mid pon er 10 protect thni mtizeim," and , :lvidening Pi the only earthly rent cdv l• r (tor wievanciet.” From this state, =mgm ..... .. • .._ , • - 444,11 , 1 Ny• lia,• air •wly o.onm:tea e'en' of that renubile . ito frequent changes ~f gov• tiller iiie•in, ~r ~taai.,,,,g 1 ,1,11... , in E. , 14 11 eminent and Its cowdant internal dixsew x raves, flog r",,,,,. ~f ,i,,,,nis I, ta,,,kigiiir• sant., thr. had become ft Inwd important 4.1 hy th • !an lir nati..ll, f 1. ,, olds' no pl , f. , t , pu t,t, „ n d „n l . I .,, en tmily ri,,,,qq,ry in it ~., if. b u t a , il ftWallS or pi., , ,,•1“ in; arts not only fir the •,.., linty of the route, but al war ; , for the safely of :town,. edit" 11; nayong 11 it tr. , r, is unotl•er vi 1 . sue e.% 44r relation,' a n d repae•ong to and from our ritelflo pox: willt ,Nlex,eir it ion_' from Ili , tinhapPy ,01- .., •oar r na lire 4111 i a rdipulattori elohrae- ) down of alhor: along true south It rstern ,rd in a tr , my between Nor I oiled States 1,01 . 1 ; 4 ' 1 4 "hie"' demand , loto 11 " 111111 ' a ' ll°ll 1 and Niearttgiiit the kiiinvieihge of this fart In that rt mote Pignut. win re there are but i te mild or it.eir mist probably prevent has 1, ". 51 111 I'' Inhabitants large h 1111 ' .14 of ho'' ! tile parses from eorninitt nig aggreAstons on Idle nit Ipi 4.131f0ry littlian, roam prime-x(1-1 the route and rend , r our netieal interfer wely at. r :he Mescal 'NI nft, of liii , lnlOill I The ea:we:tau: govtrunwlt of This enure en. e for its pr•rteetioti In el , nary and .Sonora and oilT actinium:, Te ritorrea The loral gev , rnment. or !hes , ‘ 4, ateS 1114 i ter_ . in it., interciorr•o• 0 m,6foreign !tallow:, llelle r 'ill 1,1 1 1 '`l 1111(1 R '' h' It i" a ' r ill 1 , limited to the employment of drplouraey 'of roustint allrui by the Indian: r i ." " alone When ties fads, it ran Forced no hat' nor the !never, it they po , se`t ,4 further It cannot legitimately resort to will • veil to re , ti run Into leso \le x leans con f,,,,.,., wi th ou t Idle rlirect authority of Con- • passing Ow bolder and' ominitlmg dein - ed.' gr,,-; except in re.re.tirig turd wept Illng ho, - tans 1111 MIT I , PM( • Sl•ttleri, A ,:ate or nn. ti l e , t oo •k., It y, 001,1 Rive authority to ',why arel yodel,• pr•X'-ail. throughout that voter the territories of Nienragria, evert to drstatit lifoitier The law. ore a dead I , t i !'vent the dodruotion of the transit, and ter, nerd life awl pr.! erty are wholly lo^es prowet the lives awl property of our OWII elite For (lot TVA, , I Ille fi,ltletll.ltl of Art, ,1,,, is lull (i tem , i,, , ,,,m , , ,..0 it 1 , 4 (im, that tout' is arre• It a u Itikt it 14 of great loilror :,i mi a suililvil einergitiley of t 1,4 eliartett r. t anee Ira' 0 slum., ef ‘,llloll,iniliS should ex r th e preo,hort would direct not ,irlii , ,l fire ti nit all along mt , 4 liimithvrn borders, 4 • 111 I , in the venroty Is march to th, it t,iter , hilt 4YieeinftifreWttiitoe'iniifiß4*Y7, 4 l o -i l itAM44 . , l i',',4;;';'6fl;." . " ."'''' '''' mom l " s own no ' 4 'all fp! rutv Welt bone of apprelte nms.tlt• l ' — 't nilvr t.llit, , i ne , ini,taii -,..., I earn—,at !Lie now e.o• riainnl, that the 111 4 11 ans, Mel re-onnuoina to Coligres, the passage of an wandering Meex,o2lll4 t•oillailV lawless, May art 'lmhof icing the ('iv starlit , ureter hurl' break rip-444ve -important i.titt , %rot postal restriel mono an they may ,ken; proper to eommunieat rho re• - ent I e ri•litliti'thiA i ttqwe" I eta , 'Ot the lair' nil I naval riorce • lit Ow I nit , slur i i ,' . ‘,•0n,1 lia, , in.• 1,,,, , ....1,iii, Ttl4 1 tel ,ftti • iii 111,1 iititiq tlik. traii.it from ' passe root re or In the 114 vent', hourelare 4 being oreorwur..l r o r elrixed be ',twit •4 , t 1 =Ell ,sincere rogard,for the tight and lhonor of these republics, it cannot permi this re gard lobe met by art utter neglect, on their part, of ,s hat IS due to the government and citizens of the United States. ARnist New Or inada we have longstand ing causes of complaint, !Arising out of the iiii , auis,Eled claim of out citizens upon that rapulthe ; and to these have hero More re cinilly added the ou,trages upon our citizen 4 at Panama in Ain ti 1856 A treaty for tiw aulpistutratsof these dillbsilties, was conclu ded by the Secretors , of St a te and the ister of New Granada, in September, ltts7. which contained diva and aceeptistile pro sisions for that ittlepoSe• This Deal y was lrtu3nti led to Bogota. !Anil was ratified by the government of New tfianad u, hut with cectailfamenilmenta. It was not however, letsirsaed to tins city until after the clean of the last session of the Senate, it will he in ineiliately transmited to that holy for their • advice Ad eoasqnt,; and should this be o' , _ell mined, it will remove rill our existing causer, of COMO:Mit against, New Giaisarla however, on the subject of claims Questi/ois have arisen between the i'Ac , governments, as to the right of New (intuit '..da to levy a tonnage duty upon the vessels ,or the United States in its ports of the,. bilk Mns, and td !oVy n pflsGtnger tax upon our citizens arriving in that country, whether with a design to remain - there or 'to pass ni t s,, to orean by the tt l anstl. route ; and also a tax upon die mail of the United . Pit atei transported liver the l'antima Rail , rind The gu ti III:Ilea (If Mon Granada has lie; , n informed that the States would consider the collection or either of these taxes as an act in violation of the treaty between the two (sundries, and aS such %% mild let resisted by the United Staten. it the Nat'l,' tune we are prepared to dis , cuss questions in a 1411111 t Of sunny and Justice, and with a Holism desire to adjust them in a satisfactory manner A negotia tion for that pttruiew haul already been coin• menced No effort has recently been 'wide to coll.:et these tax ts, nor is any antimpit• ted under iirewnt ciiciiiii ,tatioes. IVith the empue oh' Iliazil our relations ore of the most friendly character The pi oductom of the two volintries, and t,pitet tally those of an agricultural nature. are such as to invite extensive nuilual exchatig tantall I fled in !tram' : whilst more than ' treble' the antiviint,m value of Liraziflian cif It c is consumed in the 1. lilted Slates. Lh i . is the ease, a heavy duly has been levied, until very recently, noon the llnvor Int 1011 of ,‘liit.rican flour into Brazil -- I am gi walled, however, to he able to in form you that in September last this has been relic eel from SI 32 W :Omit forty nine tent; pe t haired, and the dories on Other articles o f iiir production have been dimin ished uI lie ally the same proportion. I regret to state that the government of Brand still Continues to levy no export duty of about. 11 per cent on coffee, notwithstand ing this erotic is adulated free from duty iii the Undid States This is a hear; caarge upon the consumers of entil.e in our country as ote purelt.o,it Il their settlement ought not to be longer delayed A renewed ar i d rattles , . And I trust a Nil • sl 111 dna , in 111 t11:14,. II ) our ininistir id procure their Milli a ' J os:Mend On the 21 if.lune last. I ',,iigress passed a Joint resollll/0// 111)1)(07/hmg the President t ''to adopt 111V8.4t11 - 1, and isse such f o rce 111.1 I,l , l4einent may be necessary and ads ,saldo bit the 'write, it of atijosting the dilittrenees Li twelin the t lined States and , tits repahlic of Par igitv, w i th Ili, a tt a ck on Siate• sham cr Water Witeld anti with other e,I ensures rolst red to in his amnia) message. And on the 1",,, of, Joh. foiLowoug, they nride nn appropti Ilion to deltay Lite eompen ,aii.in uf4 (-mm1111...9 . 1 1 4 to I ' , NI re Public should Presolent &Tin it proper to make alreli an aputilittin 01 In eomplialiet With these I nae!iiie.its. I , brut. appointed a coAimionon,r, ou t mss e P(I igilllV with fill limner, ti e I pith it. Wilt, tit (lic:ie d. L renec, t 'uti .11,11 aii Ipt at•eftil m time] If this It. 1 . 1 ,, i i , pio it And rt n o , J roily hOlii• 010. may kioti,lll^l,l;4 Ole Par, u) tun gossiitintoul ilia i' is die• to it'i ta h moo ' +toil Justice tit it y r no d :moody make atone !tient f he .i i miss which e,ha y have column i• d agar is I.e Liiiteiltitrates, and intittiliudy our Hum toil 1 citiz tit wbnnl tlo•y has., lor•isily 4_l , s:imbed of th, it propel ty. Should our commissioner prove linsaccess• ful s alter a ' , Meer(' and eV tiettt etfirt, to it , • compl i sh the °fleet of his mission, then no alteniatise will remain, lio , the unpin) meat ' 41ot er to obtain plat s stista asini ' from Paraguay In view of this contingency. the Situ chary of the Navy, tool, r my direc tion 11‘,4 been tilted nit and ilespatelied a Is r gaol In the Tellamidepee Unite winch naval force, rentiezvone near lieteuutt. fps -en eentiv opened under the in ' , it A) welch, it int believed, will prove sot-' otablv • otir ucal l with lltxico ticit et for t h e oceaSion It is my earliest Of the :loth of , lbceilils4 1858, Set•lires to desire. however, that it may not be found the flit , rotted Mates a right of necessary In resort to this last alternatutr touisit mice It fir their pC,OIIN and iner e,, a ,, Wiftri Congress met luat, the dire and stipulates that so oh, r gout rinnent businexl of the rumor) hail Just been crush shall ulna ion, Imo tiledat•le Out ru to It e.l, by i n to if these periodical revulammi.' also concedes to the Cod, il States the right which are the inevitable coosequelici , of our to tiansport mei o ss closed' ititinund and ex'trav twain. ].)stein of batik ' hugs, the mails of Ltie rioted Stales not in- credits and y With all the tended ler dust ibuton along the line of elettienL, of ualiounl wealth m n minlance, communication also, the elle its of tl.i , our manufactures were hil , pentleti, our use- U intasl Stal s oi geyet totit tit and its Citizens fel public and private enterprises were ar• wlach mai , he intentle.l for transit, and not rested, and thousands of lab irers were de fer uh.dribution on the Isthmus, fur of cos- prtved of e mployment :Lod redocod to want tom-house or other charges by the Jlexican distress prevailed among the coin goreftuitent. , Inert:1111, manufacturintr, and mechanical eiTe closed by an arbitrary dettroe of that government. if disputes arise tieeween it and those with whom they inny have enter ed into contracts, these must be arljiNted by some Cur 41 I loam! provided for the pur pose. alOl the route most not he closed pending the controver , y. Till-: our whole policy rind it cannot fad to be aceeptuble tG nthvr nations. All those dillierilties might be avoided, If, runsedently 111th the gond faith of Nieitra• gun, the use (If this transit, could be thrown open to general ctr tit ; providing at th e same tri n e for the payment of it reason-- aide rate tic the Nionitaguan government on passrirgers and _ In August, V-52. the Accessory Tram;it Company made its first interocertnic trip ovel the Niciiitiginin route, and continued ‘,llcres‘4,9l operation with great sylvan-- ta:4, In till piddle, until the J liii of Fehrtia , ry. 1 Skit), trial) it was 00,011 and the grant to this company, as well Its its 011111(.1 IN ere summarily and arbitrarily revoked by the government of Presillent. Previ ' • 06.4 dole, l - 1 fis I, twriotig =ME ous to IA disputes emwertting the settlement , of their net: mutts hod lumen )2Ltweell the e°'"l""Y and - the government, threntettingrtlie inter , Ctropttnn of the route at auv tuutuent, Theme the Untied Steles ue vain endeavored to compose, It would be caele , s to non nte the Vatloll.4 plactradings winch look place between the parties, unfit the time wit the Imitsit Willili4rontinuee. Suffice is to g6y that sine- Frimetry, 18;x1.1, it, has re :named dosed, greatly to doe ,preholuto of citiz.dis of the Unthsl States Sous( that tune .the competition has censer] betWI.CII the rival tow" of Panama and NiAt(agtia. and, to couseptenee thcreofeskit unjust and nun itsonalde amount has been exacted from our city/ens for the passage to slid (1 . 0111 1611 nta Uri al) wai signed on the I fail day of Not•eintier. 1:' , 58.1ky the Secretary of State aril Nlinister of Nicaragua, under the stip• illations of a In' II the use Mid 1110i0el1011 of the transit !mite would have been secured, not 0111 y to ilie failed States, but equally todttdo,ther itatimo, llow'and on what pre• texts, this trett't: has failed 'to receive the ratification of the Nicaragua governmeut, will appear by the papers herewith I'ollllll.l - froth the State Department. The pritickpat (ile,4)lol,kyll koithigl7,!u; the United States to Smoky fire keep 6prn, eV, Nicar igkiti should fail to perform her flllt iii (liii ft srot From the feebleness ulrnr and ut icrictec . lillit Icy. • cicccl In cy I.r , r of ‘lll, lilt c lc IP 'ls (Id,. 111114 I Itricri— tipoo rc cilltritig tl Ow ,1:11c• tillic thot I 11c •ct fore.. o.ll‘ll 111,111 ot lii dart t.wr ha sr away a prorimon coctr Wlll t. t c• cli I . %liclfect to iii(crriiiitioti no their pro pr...., and to 1,4 1t...1 A iiilntltr Ilerogx7ty t•Sttltm for din pagoAge of much an 11,1 for the pliil r ri:thoit ,if the l'Aii ania stet 'rehaiiiitetiec rootes In ieho encr In the Po liaptx rout,. thin furled uth one I.raml,ll, exiir , ssly grptri•liteo the titorriiiity of the I.thmai ' the tiew that the tratti.it Venue the one on the tither lone not be ;wen-eyed or Cinbarrasied 1 1 1 one itlt.lre (runt% ex lii." ._ .. The treaty stipule I ~,Or with Ne v Grans,- classes Tins revulsion was felt the mire d awl Mexico, in addition to the consider. seveiely in the Mutated States. because stunr atiops applicable to the Nicaraguan route, tar causes hail produced thu.like deplorable seems to r eq u i re i e gis'ai,on fir the purpose chimes thioughout the commercial nations of canyilig diem into ellect. of FAirope. All were experiencing cad re- The injuries which have been inflicted verses at the mune unottieitt. (Mr 4nanufac• upon our citizens in Costa Ries and Nicer', : turers everywhere suffered severely, not guts during the last two or three years, have; because of the recent reduction in the tarill received the prompt attention of this goy- of duties on muse 1,1, but because there wa4 erninent• Saone of these injuries; were of no demand at any price for their prelim. ,the ii tn.' azgratated character. The tuns- i tions The people were obliged to resist action of Vinton 114 y, in Apt il, 185 Ci, when themselves, in their purchases, to articles of a einnpany of unarmed Americans, wile prime necesoty. lit the general prostration were in no way emineeted is kin any Indligerof business, iron manufitgurers in different one ernolue t or party. ware tired upon by , States probably cohered more than any the troops of Costa Rica, and numbers of other 'lass, and much destitutien — Was the them killed and wounded, was brought 14d inevitable consequence, among the great th knowledge of Conuess by my predoces• number of workmen who liiid..been employ cl7'r soon after its o , cifTreinte,-and was also ed in this useful branch of our industry presented to the government of Costa Pica, There c,„olil he no supply when there was ri - r - that Investigation and redress which the no demand To present an example, there nature of the case demanded. A similar, could ha no demand for railroad iron, after course was pursued with. reference to ether onr magnificent system Of railroads, ex en:U.lloe In - these countries, some of which tending its benellts. to every portent or the were hardly less aggravated in their charae- I Unton liad been brought to a dead pans°. ter than the transactions at Virgin Bay.— The same cansequences have resulted from Atilm_datne, __however, when our s present similar anises to many ether branches, of minister to Nwaragna was appointed: Cl* - useful manunictures. It is self evident that December, 185 i, no—ro4tress had been oti• where there is no ability to purchase maim tamed for any of these wrongs, and no reply factored articles, these cannot be sold, and even had been received to the demands consequently must cease to be produced. which hall been made by this government No government, and especially a govern. upon that of Costa Rica, more than a year ment of such limited a power as that of the More. United States, could have prevented the tete Our, minister was instructed, therefore, revulsion. 'rho whole commercial world to loose no time in expressing to those goy- Seemed for years to have been rushing to ernments the deep regret with which the this catastrophe. The same riffnous conse• President hail witnessed this inattention to quences would have followed in the Witted the just claims of the United States, and in States, whether the duties upon foreign un demanding their prompt anti satisfactory ports had remained as they were under the adjustment. Unless this demand shall be tarifrof .1848_, or had been raised to , a muc h . compelled with at an early day, it will higher atsaudird - 1 lie tariff of 1857 had no only remain for this government to adopt agency fn the result. The geneiat - causes audit other 1110aSlirti as arty he necessary.' existing throughout the world, could not in order to obtain fir itself that jiistice have been controled by the legislation of any which it has in vain attempted to secure by particular country. poaqeful tuetatia, from the Governments of The periodical rceffinioni which hai , e tixis- Nicaragua and Costa Rica. While it has ted•-an our pact history, must continue to ,bon ii, and Vi ill root little to shoe' the most I etitriiLat interval:, so long as our unbound• i - MIA et' system of bank creditsithsll prevail.— They will, however, pram* be tba less se vere in future: because it is not to be expec. ted, et least for many years to come,, that the commercial nations of Europe, with whose'interests nor own are so materially invoked, wilLespome themselves to similar calamities. But this subject was treat:4l,oo much at large in my last. annual MeShilge; that I shall not now miraue it farther. - Still, I ru spectfully anew the recommendation, iii favor of the tiss,age of a uniform bank rupt law, applicable to bausing institutions. all the power over thesubject which believe, the federal government possesses. Such a law would mitigate r though it might not prevent the evil. The instinct of self. preservation might produce a wholesome restraint upon their banking business, if they knew in advance , that n im-ipensiou of specie payments would inevitably produce their civil death. But the effects of the revulsion are now Flowly but surely passing amoy• The ener gy and entermise of our citizens, with our Ilebelledeft ITV/I:ref:I:, will, within the period of another•year, restore a stVe of wholesome industry a n d trade. Capital his again ac cumulated in our large cities. Tho rate of interest ei very low. Confidence is grailu 'ally reviving, and-so soon as it is discovered ttet.this capital can be profitably employed breommereial-aml n 34 ntifitrtoring, enterpris es, and in the construction of railroads •and other works of public and ' , mato improve ment, prosperiry will again smile throughout the land. It Is vain, however, to disguise the fact fioin 'ourselves, that a speculative in other countries whose manufac ies conw into compotitio ii nith our own, must ever produce disastrous results to our domestic numilfectores, No tariff, short of absolute prohibition, can prevent those evil consequences In if Oflllth . lloll with thk Stibjeet, it. is prop el to refet to Our financial condition. 'I tie , 'Wises: which have produced pecuniary distress throughout the country, have so reduced Use moonlit of imports from forego coital ries, that the revenue Iris proved mad , equate to inert the necessary expenses of the i 4iivernmelit. 'Co stipple the deficiency. t' 'ogress, by the net of this 2nd Of Di comber ' 1857, anthotties the issue of $20,000.000 of treasury notes, and. this proving inadequate. my OY tna av 6.4 J..... I L. 1.140, n luau of $2O 000 000. “to be applied to the pas meld of appropriations made by law " No statiounaii woultradviiie,lhal tee Should go on increasing the national debt to meet to ordinary expenses of the government. This would beta most ruinous policy. In eivielif win, nor credit mast be our chief I resource, at least fur the first year, and this would be greatly impaired by having con traded a lar4e debt in time of peace. It is our ten g Lo increase our revenue so as to eq I our expenditures - It would be ruinous to conlintie to borrow Besides it may be proper to observe, that the inciden- Lai protection tibia afforded by a revenue tariff, would at the present moment, -tu some extent inercase the cochleae or the , maimfacturinc iiiteresta and give a fresh impulse to mu il-Ylolt,g bovines To this, ....rely. no person will object In rcgard to the mode of as--essing and collectiog duties under * strictly revenue molt, 1 Lice long entertannil and often ex pressed the that sound policy re gwera this be done by specific duties in cases to whe,li these can be properly ap plied 'fliey are well adapted IV commode lies which ale usually sold by weight or by inersAire. and is Inch, from their nut fire. are of oval 4)1 of nearly ecinsi value Stich. for cs.cc.le erestbe articles of iron mf different las.ia, raw sugar, and foreign wines and spirits I In my its-Isberate i odgi ment. specific du-, ties are the hest, if not tint only mean* oh ...twitting the revenue against false and fraud oleo! inv o i ces W O -aids has Itsert the prac tice adopt, if for Ibis Tiorpiiiii• by el tier com mercial natious lii sidr4, specific duties would Ilford f 9 the .trperican manufacturer OW Incidental advaiitti,res to winch lie is bully eolith .1 under a revenue taritt The present 4) stem ii a ',holing seals to his dos ails iotag e • l oder it, alien prices are high an I lA - sines. prosperous, tire duties rise in aiii mut when he least requires their aid -- •il., the contra.)• when pi ices fall and be ' 1.4 . etll4.tbillt against aderrNlty, the duties are diminish ol in the same proportion. great Neither wolild there be danger that a hi her sots of duty than that intended by (`.*ogress, could be levied in the firm °rape- It would be cis' tO aseer• tam the average value of only imported arti eles for a series of years . kThl, instead of ' sulireting it to an al rotor," duty at a ecl tarn ra`e per eentoin, to stih4tittito iii its 'place an equivalent specific duly. By such an arrangement the consumer would art be injured It is true • lie might hive to pay a little more duty on ti given art ' in one year blot 11 so, he would pay a little less in another, and in a series of years these would eonntertialen -e each other.- and amount to the sante thing, so far as hie in terests is concerned. This inconvenience .mild br trilling when contrasted is ith the *, additions% sernrity thins afforded against frauds up iii die re-senile, in which 'Very-' consumer is directly interested I have throu n mot these suggestions as the 'fruit Ot my Own O'lSerVatloll. to which Con ! gress in their better Judgement, will give such weight as they tray justly. IleSerVe. I The raper( uor the Secretary of the Trelig• tie y 141 iieta:l the operations of that department of the government. The receipts into the , }reasury Inon all moiireen during the fiscal year ending 30th June, 18314 including the treasury notes author razed by the ant of December 23. 1857, were 870 278,869 59, which amount, with the b dance of $17,710.114 27, remaining in the treasury et the commencement of the year, made an aftgrvgate for the service of the year of $B7 983 983 86. The public et oenditureaduring the fiscal - year ending June 30, 1858, amounted to 1 881.585,667-76 -were applied tp the pay tnent of the public debt, and thsWreelemption Wareasury notes with interests thereon, bear ing 111 the treasury on July I, 1858, being the commencement of the present fiscal year $6 398,316 10. The receipts into the treasury during the first quarter of the present fiscal year, com mencing the Ist July, 1858, including one ilia el the loan of twenty millions of dollars with the premium upon it,,authqrized by the art of 14th June, 1858, were $.25,230,879- 46, and the estimated receipts for the re• m•uning three quarters to the '3oth June,' 1859: frSin oest nttty PCOUrces srellefi,3oA},ooo, making with the billance before stated, an ag gregate of $70.129,,195 56. The expenditures during the first, quarter of the present fiscal year were 521,708,198 4 51, of which 51,010.142 37 were applied• to the payment of the public, debt, and the re demption ofgressury rottes and the inter ests thereon. The Ostimate4 expenditures, during the remaining three quarters' to 30th June, 1859, are $52 357,698 48, making an aggregate 0f174,065,898 90, being an ex cesslif expenditure, beyond the estimated reeelids into the treasury from ordinary sources, during the fiscal year to the 30th of June, 1859, of 13,935,901 43. Extrapr dmary moans are placed by law within the command of the Sheretary uf' tie Treasury, bythe re-lisle of treasury notes redeemed, and by negotiating the balance of the loan authorized by the act of 14th Juno, 1858, to the extent of eleven mill' °Hollers, which ' if realized during 'the present lise.al year, will leave a balance in the treasury, nn the first day of.lttly, 1859; of 97,063 2•9$ The estimated receipts 'during - the nest The mirk,* remedies recommended to fiscal year endin; 30th June, 1860, are 162,. the onneideration of Congress by the Post. 000,000, which , with the &bore estirhated moaner Ueu*ftL are to restore the forme r balance of 57,003,298 57, make an aggro- rate of posh ge upon single lettere K 6 five gate for the NerVice of the nest fiscal year oft ce:ltn, to substitu,to•for the , franking prir -660,063 2013 57. lege the delivery to threto now' ental • 1 to The estimated expenditures during the next fiscal year eliding 30th June, 1860, are 81 . 3,139,147 46, which leaves a, defiett of ealimated means, compared with the estima tetVexpenditeres for that. year, commencing on the Ist of Jely, 1859. of $4,075,849 89. In addition to One suns, the Plat Master ' General bill require from the Treasury, for, the oerviee of the Post Office [fennel ment $3,838,728, as expiates' in the report of the Secretary of the Treasury, which will in crease the etttainated deficit on the 30th of June, 1869, to 7,914.570 89. To provide for the payment of this estimetet" delletency which will be increased by such appropria tione as may be made by Coegress, not esti 'mated fur in the report of the Treasury De partment, as well as to provide for the grad- 1 ual redemption, from year to year, of the outstanding Treasury notes, the Secretary of the Treasury recommends such a revision of the present tart( as will raise the requir ed amount. After what I have already said I need scarcely add that I concur in the tdelfon expeeeeed in hie report—that the public debt, should not Le• Ifierhased by (rye additional loan, and would therefore strong ly erg! upon Congress the duty of making at their present session, title necessary pro vision for fleeting these liabilities. - The public debt on the first of July, 1858 the commenemedsit of the pressor fiscal year, was $25,155,97766. During the first quarter of the present year, the sum or $10,000,000 has been ne gcmateduf.the loan authorized by the act of 14th of Junk, 1858 --making the present out ' standing. piiblid debt, exclusive of Treasury notes, $3 'l,l r,5 977 60 There was on the Ist of July, 1858, of treasury notes issued by authority of the met of December 23 1857 unredecned,thestunofsl9,7s4,Boo, inaki ng 1 the amount of actual itelebtediu(se, at that. I d a t e , 554,k10.777 60. ;, TO this will be add ed 810,000..000 durmg the, , present fiscal year, this being the remainmg half of tho loan o f 2,0,01.08401 not yet negociated The rapid increase of the public debt, and the necessity which exists for a modification or thei l aloft in meet even the ordinary exoen sex of the government, ought to admonish us all, in one respective spheres Of duty, to I the prletiet of rigid economy. The objects I of expenditure should be limited in number, as fir as this may be p-actieable, and the appropriations necessary to carry thon into effect, ought to be disbursed under the strict est aceininisbility Enlightened economy does not Coast St 111 the refusal to appropriate mol.ey f.rconstitutional purposes, essential to the defence, progress and prosperity of the republic but in taking care the. none of this ino.icy shall be wastyl by mismanage• limit. in its npplfcstion to the objects desig nated by law Cotaipariso.is beta cen the animal expendi ture at the pr. sent time, and what It was ten or twenty years ago, are all altogether fallacious Thr• rapid increase of our coun try in event and population, renders% Cur responding lit Crease of ~peoditor, to Hume extent, tnuo.old Ode This is constantly treating u 0 0 ob r ah Lf t c pcndilure, and augmeittinA h.• amount nqut.cd for the OM The true que.tions, thrn, are, have these objects been oitnecesslrily multiplied f or, has the amount expended upon ally or all of them, be, It lar r ter than eollipOetti with duo eCOliorny a lll accordate . e nith these prat etples, the hea.lA of dtif , rent exeentivo Ae• partin•ills of goVeiritTletit have been in structed to p 11 , 1. • e their estimates for the next tiocal ye ,r, to the lowest standard eon 'indent 'With efficiency 4.the service, and this duty they have pct 'Tined in A spirit of pist. economy - Thu esnimites of the Treas ury, War, Nail and Interior Depaitments, have each b een i n som e il-gree reduced: an , 1 nnless a hudd, n and 0ur0r,,,,,, emergency should arise, it ni not anticipated (OA a de ficiency will exl A 11% either vitlhln heples• ent or the next n0,..i ; - ear. The Post Office Department la pL i ce.l in a peculiar position, ilitierent fermi other departments, and to this I shall het , ifter refer I hone I:01, V-' 45 to inltitute anent Irlia• tiny to asci.rt.iiii whether the expenses ill all the other d.partinc.its cannot he still rur tiler redso,d, a it I promise them all the aid in my power in pursuing the investigation. I. transmit hk ,uwith the I eports mule to rner by the S..ermarie3 of -War, of the Nav y-) Or tin. Int e e v , r , And of the Post Master (len erLi. rm.) , ut h contain valtiahle infortna• tnln and 1 11upoiCant_rerointitendations, to which I lova the attention of Congress. In wy last no sal tnesstge, I took °cos• stop to recoiling ud th 2 Immediate construe Ladn of ten nuiall steamers of light draught, fur the purpose ef increasing the efficacy of tilt Navy Co ;;rev conceded Lu the re comma mdan• I,y authorizing the coustrum .11 don lionzt [ig lion of eight of them. The progress which 11118 been undo I i executing this authority, to stated in the report of the Seeretary of the :Situ I e.eicor with hint in the opts ion,th.tt,a gren',l number of this class of •essels is ileCe, icy, for the purpose of pro- I tectirig in a more eflieient mariner the per• Soils and prop._ r y of American citizens on the high neap and in foreign countries, al well as in gnanling more effectually our owril costs I 11,7,mi-4,441v recotwnend the pas sage of an act rot this purpose The suggestion:, contained in the report of l the l.. 4 eeFetary of the Interior, especially those In regard in the disposition to the pub lie domain, the pension arid bounty land system, the pulley towards the.lndians, and the amendment of stir patent lanes aro seer-' thy of the ',mints consideratitm of Con- 1 grew The hist Odic: '3Cfartment occupies a different position tery different from that of the departments. For many years it was the pohey of the government to render this a self-sustaining department; end if this can not. uuw be accomplished, in the present con dition of the country, 'we ought lo Make as near sn'approach to it as may be practica ble. The Post Master General is placed in a most embarrassing position by the existing laws. lie is obliged to carry these into ef fect. Ile has no alternative. Ile, finds, however, that this cannot be ;{ono without I heavy tlenuands upon the treasury over and above what is received fur postage; and these have been progressively increasing from year to year until they *mounted for the last fis• cal year on the 30th June, 1858, to more than four millions and a half of dollars; whilst it is estimated that for the present. thseatemew--they- will amount to .86_2:10-Q00- ' These sums are exclusive of'illhe avinual ap propri of $700,000 for cstupensation fur the mail service performed fur the two 11311 . see of Congress and the other departments' and the officers of the government in the transportation of free matter. The cause of these large deficits is Wain ly attnbuleb, lo to the increased expense of transporting g the mails. In 1852 the sum paid ) fur this services was but a fraction hove four millions and a quarter. Since that, year it has annually increased until in 1858 it has reached more than eight millions and a quarter ; and for the service of 1850 it is 081.101111,ted that it will amount to Moro then ton millions of dollars. The receipts of the Post.oBlco Department can bo made to approach or to equal its _ex penditures only by means of the legislation of congress. In applying any remedy, care should be taken that the people shall not ho deprived of the advantages which they are fairly entitilled to receive from the Post Office Department. enjoy it, of post Mauve for their correspond= a ICU, aid to direct th i:e a t rent, in making tont recta for the trunsporatton et the mail ti confine , itself to the payment of the Kum necessary for this single purpose, without twilling it to he trasported in post coaches or carriages of any partictibir description. Under the present system, the expense to the government is greatly increased. by re. qinring that the mitil shall be carried in such vehicles as hill accommodate passengers.— This will he done without pay from the de. parlinent, Over all roods where the travel will, remunerate the contractors. These recommendations deserve the grave consideration of Congress. ''' 1 would again call your attention to fir construction of a PACIfil, railroad. Tun , and reflection have but served, to confirm in the truth slid justice of the observation which I made, on this subject., in ray last annual message,. to which 1 beg leave tes spectfully to refer. it is freely admitted, that it would be in expedient for this government to exercise the power of constructing the Pacific. rail— rood by its own imtnaltate agents. Such a ,policy would increase - the patronage of the eAucutive to a dangerous extent, and intro. duce a system of jobbing and corruption, which no vigilance on the port , of federal of ficials. could either prevent ar`detect. This can only bu done by the keen eye, and ac. live and careful supervision, of individual and private interest. The eonstrrtion of this road might, therefore, to he committed to companiell incorporated by the States, or other ageocies whose pecuniary interettla would be directly limited. Congress might then assist them in the work by grants of land or money, or both, under such condi tions arid restrictions as would secure the transportation of troops and munitions of war free from any charge, and that of the United States mail at a fair and reasonable price. , The progress of events since the conk. menceinent of your last session has shown how soon difficulties itstppear before a firm. and determined resolution, At that time such a road was deemed by wise and, pain. otic men to be o visionary project. The great distance to be overcome, and the inter. veiling mountains and deserts in the way, were obstacles which, in the opinion of ma. ny, could not be surmounted. Now, alter a lapse of but a single year, these obsla.:les. it his been discovered, are far less tormidt, ble than they were suppoeeti to be, and mail stages, with passeng'is. ii , pw pass and re• pass regulsrla , twice in Lech yie.k, by a common iir4on road between San Francisca and St. Louis and M itiphis, in less than t-vcuiy five dn.) he la rs ICU has been ar regularly performed as it was, in form., years, beta een New York and this city Whilst disclaiming all authority to appro priate money fur the ..rinstrueti‘ it of . tler e,aa,d, except that denser final the %%a/. making power of the con,tantion. On, ar impor.ant cull acre' us to undertake the work a, s et,{ll.) possible. 'rise first and most incinvemoev-er. th, • r. that suds a rued would he a p•ny, iI ni t 01,1 01 union between the Sclllt, east .. I , the Rocky Moo titabil Thim 1- . it-, duet as to retinue no illust I a 1..11 But again, in a coin inyr.....11 pont( of Site • I consider tins tit.• great .unst.ll,ll Of by d,.• With the ea-tern shun• ot Btretching along the Atlantic. n it. ern front along the l'aeill.:, it sl , the rutt should be united by a vole, a- v tuierco tttttt nt C , ,11111/4?) , ) nvd ry irge roan on of both of biror.• put reeeet treader with Oillo • .1 phi open these tilt and pupu •i 0 on! o. inorce , nod the hint to of no. hi II •N • • . bt the nation nhlch ilti• K tined of i lot Kilts baatOlll Asia h.te altart), bwooott we,ittt, and powerful 'Filo tonos , tar googr mi oottilion of California and our /••,4111. 110 , Ir• Aililatleall capital awl toiterprote ot., 111.1 (initial geld To reap the riots humors, hoar et' nis at, indispensable prerequirte, lb it na t ant!! first 1111,1 a rallruud to min•ey and circulate it, I ,,,,tured throughout every portion of the Union Hamlet' Boob a railroad through our temperate lame& which would not he impeded by the frot44 and Knows of wititer, [Kirby trophie•l heat, 0 1 ran t wer, would attract to Itself much of the It,. lard trade of all nations passing between Europe sod Asia On the Ilet of August last, Meal .7 N :11411, of the United States brig Dolphin, captured the Slaver Nato -J " (formerly the Putnam of New Or !canal near ay ir'arle, on the coast of tuhi, silt ursre than three hundred African negrooson board The prise, sailer the oesuin•nd of Lient Bradford of the United Stales navy. arrived I, AT on the 27th August, when the tiegroes. 'lire, him drod and six in number, were delis dm custody of the Cattail Arm* Manikinl for the , fis trio. of South Carolina They were brit plaerd in Castle Piekney, end afterwards in For' :lump- tor, foraafe keeping, and were dello., .1, re nn CI the 1911 t•'epteniher, when the eem• ie. hundred and seventy-one in number, n. ctrl ' erect oft hoard th e United States etunrn'•r SI to he Uaneportad the comet of Africa, under tiro charge of the agent of the United :50ttes, purloin to the proviso,ne of the act of the 3d March, 1010 • in addition lo the riots prohibiting the ■la , s trade '' Under the 24 section of this act, the Pressiont is authorised to make such regulations and er I:tow-merits se be may deem expedient, for the cite keeping, &spinal, and remit ul bcpin4 the tunas 01 the Uutted titates, of all such negro , i taulatOce, or persons of color" captured by ines, of the United States, as may be delivered to th marshal tit the distrtct into which they aro bruug c' " putt to appoint a proper person or persims re siding upon the coast of Africa, as agent or agents for meet ring (ho negroes, mulatb,o , or persons of color, delivered frees on board ye' eel, gelled in the prosecution of the slave trade by a. r:nden of the United States armed vessel, A doubt immediately arose as le the true rut strunfon of this act ft fa quite clear from ito terms that the President eves authorised to provide "fur the safekeeping, support, and reins'. al" of those negroes up till the time of their delivery to the agent OD the coast of Africa, but no 011atil provision was made for their protection arid sup port after they lied reached the pluesof their dau tibetion. Still, an agent Ives to be appointed to receive them in Arms; and it Gould not have been supposed that Congress intended he should desert them at the moumut they-were received, and tutu them moan upon that Inhospitable count to mob for want of food, or to become again the vicuna of the stare trade. had this been the Montios of Congress. the employment of au agent to receive them, who Is required to reside on the coast, war unnecessary, and they might have been landed by our vowels anywhere in Africa, and left exposed.l.2._ the sufferings and the fate which would certainly await them. Mr Monroe In his special message of 11th De comber, ISIS, at the first session after the act vree passed, announcing to Congress what, in hie °pia ton, was its true construction lie believed It to be his duty, under it, be billow theme unfurtutuns t into-Africa. and mike provision for them Mete' until they should no able le provide for themette tai aummunloating tbly interpretation of the act of Congress, be slated that some doubt - hid been eie tertained Di to I, 4. meaning and," submitted the question to Wow, au that they mil" should it be demised naelsoble, emend the "51e before further promedings are bad under tl " Nothing was done by Congress to explain ale istim not, and Mr. Me grooeeded to curry it Into execution &counting to his own inerpratatiou became the prealloal construction When the Africans from on board' the Echo wen delivered to the Marshall at Charleston it le"'" 4 , * 'my duty to mender what disposition ought dt made of them under the law. For many restuto it wasexpedient to remove tbqko from that loo t ' ty as speedily es possible. Although the ehoduot of the authorities and oil item of Charleston in giving countenance to th , s , execution of the law, was Just what might have been I..lpm:dad from their high obsradtar, ctW prolonged coutlnuanou of three hundred Aid in the ImMedlate vicinity of that city, Eau d hare fulled to become a rooms gif Moons onie. end anelety.to its inhabitants. Whcro tt: d rthein, mouths question. There Was no i?rtion I the coast of Arden. to which they oeW he n I moved with any regard to humanity, Wet' told I beat. to t m Under these °imminence& in agree m ent ryt I entered into with the Colonisation society tan
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