&OZ&U 0 A NATIONAL PAPER, PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENf/O, No. 34, NOPTfi FIFTH-STREET, PHILADELPHI A [No. 67 of Vol. IV.] Foreign Affairs. PARIS, November THE King was reported for an hour and a half on Wednes day to have made his escape from the temple. The millake arose from his omitting to (hew himfelf as ufua'l at the relief of the guard, and was removed upon his appear ance on being called to. Sixteen hundred Louis d'ors,found in rouleaus in the Thoilleries, have been sent to the national treasury. The community of Paris have )ent their statue of liberty to that of Ver sailles, for the purpose of a civic fete in the lartev place. Several Jacobin {ocienes in the departments, have declared their difnpprobation of the attachment of chnt ihewn by Paris to the fadion of iMa> ar.' The names of all the principal flreets in Paris will shortly be chang ed. Two of them will take the name of Rue <1 e Lisle, Rue de Thi onville ; others will take the names of departments. The execution of the decree pronounced for the de ftrnilion of Longwy has been sus pended. The Savoyards at Paris gave a ci vic fete on account of the liberation of their country, oil Saturday. Mi CHamboTi moved in the nati onal affemhly, "that the two (lamps at present used for aflignats, one of which reprel'euts the figure of Lou isXVl. (hou)d be changed—rhefirtt to be a Rising Sun, representing the genius of France, and the exergue Equality, Liberty ; the second to he Fasces and an oak branch, with a cap reversed, and on the exergue ' French Republic, Fir ft year of Li berty.'— Decreed. Le Cletc having furnifhed foine firnple medicines to Masia Antoni ette for her daughter, to take away a fort of excrefcente upon her cheek, was interrogated beforp the com mons. He, after ftatingthe nature of the drugs, added, he thought it a pity so masterly a work of nature fliuuld be disfigured—Theprefident auf'wered hiin in the hateful cant of those demagogues " Know you that the fl<>>i of the serpent is a) fa one of the ir.oft beautiful of na ture's productions !" M. Antonnelle, the late Mayor of Aries, who had been elected Mayor of Paris, has declined the office on account of his ill health. LONDON, Nov. 3 One circumstance relating to the Chinese Embafly is worthy of re maik.—lt is enatfted by the laws of China, that if any native (hall pre futne to interfere in any manner whatever in the politics of Europe, with respeCt to (.hina, he (ball in stantly undergo a capital puni(h ment ; for which reason the Chi nese Missionaries, who are to accom pany Lord Macartney, did not dare to render rhemlelres obnoxious to the laws of their country, by writ ing, with their own hands the fair copy of the translation of the letter intended to be prefeuted by our court to the Emperor of China, l his circumltance naturally involv ed the conductors of the Embaliy in a considerable embarraflment, from which, however, they were at length cxtricated b_\ Dr. Antonio Montncci, a linguilt of this city, who, having extended his philological researches even to the fingnlar and mylteiions language <>t China, had become fuf ticienily conversant with the ftruc tare and combination of its charac ters, to tranferibe the original let ter, whirh had bten previondvcom pofed by the tntiiinnaries. Saturday, January 19. 1795. The late decree of death to all emigrants who returnto France, e« ven those who notoriously fled from certain maflacre had they not be come fugitives, is, for the bonor of all mankind, held in .nniverfal ab horrence and execration. Mr. Pitt's Million Sinking Fund has discharged nearly ten Millions of.the public debt within the space of fix yeais and a quarter, as tnay be seen by the following ftatenirnt : — Account of the Total of Capital Stock redeemed by the Conitniifi oners for the redaitiori of the Na tional Debt on the ill of Novem ber, l 792. 3 per Cent. Consols — 3,487,625 3 per Cent. Reduced - 2,971,600 Gld South Sea — — 1,667,400 New ditto — 1,288,800 S<|uth Sea 1 751 — 596,400 The Ropels threats to the people of France, reminds us of an old Spa nish Fable, in which a Fly rells an Ox, that if he dare tread on him he would certainly sting him. The gentleman who, not long finoe, received one hundred guineas to return one guinea per day until the Duke of Brunfwick arrived at Paris, has offered a thoufar.d guineas to be off the bargain. The despotic Princes all over Eu rope, look towards France at present :>s a Thief looks at the execution of a brother in iniquity. " It is what we mult all come to." Mr. Burke has invited the Abbe Maury to come over and spend a few weeks in some place where the detested principles of the Revoluti on never entered. Their choice at present is limitted to Salilbury Spire or Edvftone light-house. Mr. Kite, in his ingenious practi cal efl.»y on the recovery of the ap parently dead, likewii'e observes, that electrical Ihocks are to be ad mitted as the test of any remains of animal life. What fort of Republic shall France ejiablifh ? Thisqueflion, toadopt the French Anglicil'm, is the order of the Day. It is a great queltion upon which the two parties in the Convention are now at ilfue. M. Chabot is the warm advocate for a federative Re public, or, as lie calls it, a govern ment of Municipalities. By this scheme he proposes that there (hould be about 80,000 diltinCt govern ments in France,each of them forin irg a Municipality without any check or control in its own district, but the whole to be represented in National Convention by a Congress, who (hould have the general lcgifla tive power, the levying of taxes, the declaration of defenfive war,&c.&c. The scheme of a federative Repub lic has hitherto made few proielites. The arguments advanced againfl it are llrong, and indeed nnanfwera ble. A federation, fay they,refults from the union of nations or pro vinces frparately feeble ; but who e>er thought of difmembei ing one strong nauon, and dividing it into chequers to preserve its unity ? All federative governments have bro't into conjunction their diftridt inter ests, genius, manners, nfages, and generally their modes of legidaiion and administration. lis imperfecti on confilts therefore in its hetero geneous particles.—lt is not an en tire fnfion of one jet, it is an amal gam.— It is not one force, it is the junction of several forces.— It is not a (iinple, but a compound machine, and the action of the wheels and movements not being uniform, inftanraneous and voluntary, as must necefl'arily arise frcm unequal 265- powers and efforts,it cannot be com pared to the simple frame, and re gular operation of a single state, where all the atftions are produced by one central spring, and where all the powers and willies are unit ed, and, if I may use the expression, twilled together. ■ One of the grandest ideas that lias been executed by men, is the over throw of the provinces of France, and the creation of departments. This superb division of a country, does honor to the eighteenth centu ry and to the French people. By what blindness do we now propole to re-ascend to provinces .' All this is the mere ephemoraj projedt of some disturbers, who yet hope to diftraft the people from the true objetfts of their contemplation. But we do not fee any hazard of the concutfion of parties coming to an explosion. We find the following article in Condorcet's report of the proceedings of the Convention. It is interesting, because it follows the insinuation which he threw out on £.9,811,805 Brifldt's party. " On the march that the Conven tion (hall pursue ; if we may be al lowed to anticipate its future by the picture of its present condu<s, and by the public opinion, the result of their deliberations will be good and peaceful. The Convention will not offer to the people the afflicting fpediacle of iiiteltine divisions, as they have no longer contending in terests to combat, and as there no longer exiits any dangerous chiefs in power, in fortune, in credit, a round whom the malcontents crthe ill-intentioned might rally thetn felves. Enmities,proscriptions, and particular paifions will not form what is called parties. There may be disputes, but there cannot be di visions. In a word, the genius of the Convention is good ; but the public opinion which observe* it, and which will have influence in I'pite of the Convention, is ftrll bet ter, and the men, gifted with some talents, and with true force of cha racter, the only men who are pro per to influence the delHny of the Republic, know well that the only glory that they can obtain is that attached to the title of a good citi zen, and that all which has the air of party, will neceflarily disappear as a vain phantom before the intel ligence and the power of the peo ple." It is impoflible to travel far in lhis country without being powerfully (truck by the unequivocal marks of great and unexampled prosperity which every where prefeut them selves. Habitations comfortable & neat are every where riling up, where before was barren solitude ; hamlets are rising into villages, Til lages into towns, towns into cities, where there is the Itnalleft impulle of the manufacturing fpirir, or that of commerce, into fonicthing that would bid lair to rival the metro polis, had not that wonderfi'l body iifelf ir.creafed for years part with a rapidity beyond them all. Yet the government wants reforming, we ate told. In a garden where every plant flourifbes, and the pro duce exceeds calculation, and even imagination, who will be perfuafled i hat there is gross mismanagement ? St. Jamfs's, Otft. 2J. This day the foreign iNiinifters hereafter mentioned had their firft private audiences of her Majesty : The Baron Jacobi, Envoy Extraor dinary and Miniiter Plenipotentiary from (he King of Prolfia, and Tho mas Pinckney, Minister Plenipoten tiary front! the United States of Ame rica. PROSPERITY OF ENGLAND fso [Whole No. 589;] CONGRESS. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. SATURDAY, January J. do (I TIPHTATroN OF THE DEBATE oh MR. STEELE'S MOTION, For reducing tlie Army. MR. MURRAY said at so late a ftagc of the debate it would be improper to de tain the committee; and had he heard one position of the gentleman from North-Caro- Una attended to by any other, lie would have held bim'elf inexcusable in calling the atten tion of the committee to its refutation—ex cept tl* ealculatiorrsCTterert into by the gen tleman from Noftli-Carolina, and ®ifw«!ed by those of the gentleman from Connecticut, which were all irrelative to the point in ifl\ie, [ he had heard but one-new poistion advanteil 1 on this fobjeft which had been so amply dif j cuifed by every member, for at least thtee I weeks last session. The position te which he I alluded was as long as one efta | blifhmenrwas kept up in or.e coi;ccntercd point, there the Indian i would concentre, ajiri thence is deduced the conclusion that the great combination of the fav ages was a c4i.- sequence of the ar my which we kept up. On this reasoning much ftrel's had been laid 'by that gentleman, and by molt who had ftlp ported Iris motion—and they agteed that by diminifhiirg our eftabiifhment and difiufing our material] of defence, the Indians would be disjointed and cease their combined ope rations.— Nothing he conceived could be more fallacious than any reasoning which mil took effects for causes. He would observe, and the gentleman must admit, that the mode of our defence had been a ccnfequence of the operation of the lavages and not a cattfe cf their combination.—The history of Indian warfare from Braddock's defeat up to the year eighty-four could furnifli little matter of instruction on the prelent situation of things —before that period no cause existed that could forcibly attract the savages to a eenter, or give aftivitv or duration to their combi nations m great numbers. —But since the re. volution a cause did exist in the neighbour hood of the present scene of operation, over which we toave no controiil, and whioh he had no fort of doubt had produced the effects a - gainst which tile eftablifoment is to ast — That cause, which it was bnneceffary but to allude to, had undoubtedly planned the mek fures—infpii'ed the hoilility—and provided the means of Indian warfare { it had organ ized a set of tribes hitherto dispersed in' action, or had given a formidable method to those who some years since were without method, andjwhoonly up a kind of incuY ftve war, and a running fire along the fron tier.—ln these times the mode of defence was accommodated to the mode of offence ; and when no well organized attack was made, less (kill and combination of defence were re quifite —But now the policy of another pow er gives energy and system to the tribes*— it concentres thole powers which were dispersed, and gives permanency to what was before temporary and inconstant; our mode of de fence opposed fyflem to f) Item—and perma nent defence to the appearances of perma nent combinations. Militia woodsmen would do in the old incurfive war, but w ere unfit for that fort of war that acted against hosti lities which were permanent and organized— for these garrisons uniting the allurements of traffic with the refpeliability of arms were necefTary—and woodsmen who could not leave their families for more than a mere ex cuifion of forty days were not proper. "While he was up he would remark that what ever had been said of (landing armies, though per fectly true abftrattedly taken, did in no point touch on the present queition.—We are in a state of war, and have an army and mult havi one; there was no more resemblance between a Handing army and an army, as is ours, raised for adtual defence, than there i*. between a cadelion and an owl—the one a thing of ill omen and uiineceffary but for works of darkness ; the other a creature that took its complexion from the moment.—A Handing army exists beyond the laws of rea sonable necefuty ; our eftabliihment was dic tated by absolute neceflity, is lioiitted in num bers and duration, and is in all refpedts con lidered but as the engine of protection against the hostile Indians. Those, he observed, who supported the resolution had a great advan tage over its oppnfers, in the freedom with which they could attack a fyfteni which was formed partly from public and partly from confidential irformation. In detenditig this fyfteia tlje- ep:"ly he felt himiVlf trammeled c-~ ; '-*■ v
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