Philadelphia, Aug. 25. \Ve have authority to inform the public, that a second Loan, at four per cent, interest, has been lately effe&ed in Europe, for account of the United States. The sum is equal to the amount of the former Loan, 3,000,000 of Guilders, or about 1,200,000 Dollars. By a Boston paper we learn, that the Hon. Mr. Gerry declines a re-eledion for the next, Congress. By a proclamation of Governor Telfair, it appears that John Milled gf., Esq. is chosen a representative in the House of Reprelentatives «f the United States to lill the vacancy in the JEaftern Diftritt of that State. Tn last Saturday's Gazette, it was mentioned that intelligence had been received at Pittl t)urgh, that several parties of Indians were ap proaching the frontiersof WeftmorelandCounty: Sublequent accounts, received by the Pittsburgh post of yesterday, fay, that nolndiau trails were discovered, and that the trails seen were those of Militia from that County, out on a tour of duty. A soldier by the name of Hugh McLaughlin, was hanged at Pittiburgh last Monday week, for desertion and horse-stealing. Accounts from the Weft-Indies mention a heavy gale of wind having happened about the 3d and 4th of August, which did much damage at St. Martins and the adjacent places. Several French pafTengcrs arrived in the Hannah, Capt. Stobo, from Havie-de-Grace. Some of the stones of which the' walls of the Baftile were composed have been fold in Boston at auction, at a penny an ounce. A young woman named Eleanor Mackay was accidentally drowned last Monday evening, at High-Street wharf, in fight of several fpefta tars ; she was taken up as soon as grapplipgs could be procured for the purpose, which was near half an hour after she fell into the water— every exertion was made to produce resuscita tion, but without effect. The bodies of two men were taken out of the river on Sunday and Monday last—the j 11- ries of inquest on both cases, brought in, acci dental death. In a pocket of one of the raen, was a letter signed Joseph Wilson, addressed to Mr. John Pater son. In the Supreme Court of the United States, at their late feflion in this city, the Attorney- General, in his official capacity, and of his own mere motion, applied fbr a mandamus to the circuit courts of Pennsylvania, to proceed un der the pension law paired a£ the last feflion of Congress. That law, it will be remembered, imposes certain duties on the federal judges, which the circuit courts of Pennsylvania and New-York judged unconstitutional, and which the firft en tirely refuted to execute'. The firft question that arose was independent of the main question, viz.—Whether it was part of the duty of the Attorney-General of the United States, to superintend the decisions of the inferior courts, and if to him they appeared improper, to move the supreme court for a re vision. Opinions were much divided. In fayorof the Attorney-General's exercising . this power, the following are the heads of the principal arguments insisted on:—The analogy between the nature of that office here and in England—That part of the judiciary ast which gives the Attorney-General a fuperintendance over the courts of the United States in the courts of justice, which, giving latitude to the word concern, brought the cafe within the power granted by the law ; and the Attorney-General being the only officer of the supreme executive to whom the constitution gives a fuperintend ance over the execution of all the laws of the Union. Against this opinion it war, alledged, that the analogy drawn was not found, but rather dan gerous y that the latitude given to the word concern, would tend to give that officer a right, officially, to interfere in any law controversy between citizen and citizen, as the United States were concerned in feeing justice done in every cafe—and that as the ast of the Attorney-Gene ral was not within his ordinary duty, it would require special authority from the supreme ex ecutive to eftablifli its propriety. These were the principal heads of the argu ments used. The discussion was -full, and the bench divided on the question. Judges Iredell, Johnson, and Blair, declaring in favor of the Attorney-General, and Judges Wilfon,Culhing, and the Chief Justice, entertaining the contrary opinion. , This equal division was fufficient to rejefl the mode of proceeding Mr. Randolph firft adopted, who then started an another ground, as counsel for a petitioner \yho had been unfuc cefsful in his application to the diftritt court of Pennsylvania. His motion, after being accompanied with the reafoas which influenced him to believe that the inferior court') had erred, was post poned for a final decision until the next court. Fed. Gat. A droll adventure lately happened near St. Car los, in Italy.— A Frenchman discoursing with feme bricklayers' labourers, at the palace of Fiano, de plored the wretchcdnefs of their condition, amidst io many rich princes and prelates, and highly com mended the system of equalization established in Trance ; when one of the labourers suddenly in terrupted him, and lifting up his tray of wet mor tar, olaced it on the Frenchman's head, laying, 4i Let us here try your system of equality; I car ried up the last tray, do you carry up this." The Frenchman being decently dreflTed, was heartily enraged at the compliment, and got away as well as he could to complain of the insolence. Fie was Heartily laughed at; and it isfaid that he has since left the town. FOREIGN ABSTRACT In conference of the declaration of war, the Rullian AmbafTador was to quit Wariaw in a few days. The King of Poland is to commarjt. the army of the Poles in person. Prussia.is arming, but her troops it is fufpe&<- ed are destined against Poland. The King of Bohemia it is said claims from the Court of London the guarantee of the Ati ilrian Netherlands. Mr. Paine has published a long letter to Mr. Dundas, one of the Britifti Secretary' ~ of State —occasioned by some ftriftures which fell from him and other members of the Honle of Com mons on his Rights of Man—this letter, after some preliminary remarks, iv a recapitulation, of part of his second publication. It appears that a fcbesne.vva.s in agitation in Paris, at the date of the account?, and a de cree had pa(lbd the National Aifembly at the in stance of M. Servan, lace : tinifter of War, to form an encampment of men in the en virons of that city.—The people were much div ided on the fubjt ct —and petitions remon strances and add idle; pro and con were pre- Tented to the Anembly by large bodies of per sons. . Lorcf Hood, it is reported, is to be appointed pove: nor of Jamaica. Ivr.tfie Nhtien's Gazette of last Wednesday, it is laid u That some members of the Senate, a", well as of the House, fold the permanent resi dence for the alfumption, and the alfumption for the residence." What a different spirit is discovered in the following extract. N. B. The above slander is anonymous. Robert Rutherford, Ffq. is a candidate for the re presentation in Congress of the Dijlrift which Alex ander White, Ffq has hitherto reprejented.—ln the Potowmack Guardian of 6th injl. appeared an \ Addrefsy signed a Farmer ; the following extract from Mr, Whitens answer on the 13th, will explain the motives of competition : thistxtraft, is highly in terejlifig, as it fetves to explain and set in a fair and candid point of view, several travfactions which have been miflated andgrojily mifr.epi efented : 16 Mr. Farmer fay*, that by the aiTumption of the State debts, Virginia lias loft. near a mil lion of money, and that I could have prevented it.—To which I answer—that the assertion is totally unfounded—that Mr. Rutherford, with all his knowledge of the affairs of this State and of the Union, cannot produce documents to give it the semblance of truth.—On the con trary, more than one third of the interest of the State Debts is done away, and the remain der thrown into a channel which puts it out of the power of (heriffs to vilit and diftrefsthe peo* pie—the great reduction of taxes at the fame time that ample provision is made for all the exigencies of government, confirms this afler tion. I could not have prevented the parage of the ast, the majority was such that m v vote would not have affected the question in stage of the bufmefs. I mention this only to shew the little attention Mr. Farmer pays to truth. —I am wjljing to give fmtlier trxplaiia-. tions on this and all other fubjefts to every can did inquirer—but I make no apology—least of all that which Mr. Farmer makes for me, be cause the Journals of Congress would teftify 'against me.—The Northern Members never con fen ted that the feat of government ,/hould be 011 the Potowmac—not a member voted for that bill whole local interest did not lead him to do so ; and several of the Southern Member*, those too, who were moil felicitous to obtain the aftumption, voted again ft it. I agree that the Federal City is situated where it ought to be—but if you will take the trouble to calculate the proportion between the inhabitants North and East of the Potowmac, and those South and Weft of it, you will find the question will not appear so lelf evident as Mr. Farmer supposes. In fact it required unremitted attention and great Legislative abilities to carry that mea sure, and I do not hefrate to fay, that the Vir ginia delegation deserved the grateful thanks of their country for their exertions on the oc casion." Extrafls Jrorn Mr. Paine's letter to Mr. Secretary Dundas—London, Jfune 6. j " The expence of all the several depart ments of the General Representative Govern-! ment of the United States of America, extend ing over a space of country nearly ten times larg er than England, is two hundred and ninety-.] four thousand, five hundred and fifty-eight dol lars, which at 4s. 6d. per dollar, is 66,275!. Us. sterling, and is thus apportioned. Expence of the Executive Department. The Office of Presidency at which thePrefident receives nothing for himfelf, Vice-Prciident, Chief Justice, Five Aflociate Juftrces, Nineteen Judges of Diftri&s and At torney-General, Legijlative Department. Members of Congress at fix dollars (11.75.) per day, their Secreta ries, Clerks, Chaplains, Mellen gers. Door-keepers, tkc. Treafv ry Department. Secretary, Afliftants, Comptroller, Auditor, Treasurer, Register, &" Loan-Office-keeper,ineach State, together with all neceflary Clerks, Olfice-Keepers, &c. 12,825 o Dfpartment oj State including foreign Affair Si Secretary, Clerks, &c. &c. 1,426 5 Department of War. Secretary, Clerks, Pay mafters,Com miflioner, &rc. 1,562 10 Commiflioner for fettling old accounts. The whole Board, Clerks, See. 2 >59& *5 Incidental and contingent expences. For Fire Wood, Stationary, Print ing, &c. Total 99 On account of the incurf.ons of the Indians o: f e jck settlements, Congress is at this '■<. to keep Ax thouiand militia in pay, :1 'x'Jit.on to a raiment of foot, and a battal ,ui o.' uKrv, viiich it always keeps; and tliiintreaie t;e txpence of the war depart ment t ) 330,000 dollars, which is 87,795!. iterl. b'at when peace ihall be concluded with the In dians, the greatest part of the expence of go vernment, including that of the army, will not amount to one hundred thouiand pounds itcr linjr, which, as has been already stated is but an eighteenth part of the expences of the Englilh government. I request Mr. Adam and Mr. Dundas, and all Hpfe who are talking of constitutions, and leflings, and Kings, and Lords, and the Lord nows what, to look at this flatement. Here : a form ahd system of government, that is fcxjt er organized and better administered than any government in the world, and that lor less than )ne hundred thousand pounds per annum, and yet every member of Congress receives, as a compensation for his time and attendance on public business, one pound seven fliillings per day, which is at the rate of nearly five hundred pounds a year." It appears from the foregoing extra&s, that Mr. Paine does not think lb badly either of the j constitution, or of the adminijlration of the go-; vernment of the United States, as our reformers at home—he expressly pronounces that govern ment not only to be tetter organized, but better sdminijltred than any government in the world. That gentleman is in a situation to fee the af fairs of this country impartially. Well inform ed of what has been done, and at a diftancefrom the factions which are among us, he judges from f&Rs and their confequevces, unwarped by the pas sions of rivalfhip, which are so apt to discolour objedts, and give them a falfe appearance. The authority of Mr. Paine on this it is prelumed will have weight,with the clamourers. COMMUNICATIONS. The enemies of government affect to be afraid of the arbitrary power of Congrels. They tremble to fee every thing depend on a loose cjifcretton which is not tied down by the constitu tion and fixed unalterable principles of law and reason. They abhor the funding system also. Mark their inconsistency. They would keep the public creditors dependent on yearlygrants— why?—to prevent a great monied interest con nected with government. Would not their plan, however, produce this connexion in its worst form ? by creating and continuing an en tire dependence of the certificate holders on the majority of the two houses. Let the ex ample of the states decide the point. Further, these consistent fault-finders would have had Congress aflume an unlimited power; over the debt—and give much or little to.the j creditors, and divide that too with the original j holders, in such proportions as they in their dif-l cretion should deem proper. What beeomes of the arbitrary discretion of Congress in this af fair? Would not these second-sighted men, who spy iniquity in public faith and justice, and the danger of arbitrary power in governing by fixed and equal laws, which regard rights and not persons, would not they have been the firft to cry out, Congress is more dejpotic than the Grand Turk—they have despised their plighted Jaith —they have dijhonoured the nation-~they pretend to be above law and right. As Congress took the plain old path which the old Congress pointed out, the Prelident fo-l leninly recommended in his public addreires, 1 and all America expected, the style of accusa tion mult be conformed to what they have done. For to certain people who are hunting for faults, nothing is more acceptable than to find game—yet, even if they miss it, they must fire off their pieces. The United States, while provinces, used to boast of their liberty, and justly; which of them had a charter so favorable to the equal rights of men as the conftitutionoftbe United States ? Yetaparty is trained to abuse those men as ene mies of a free government, who are disposed to carry that constitution, and the laws palled un der its authority, into effedt. With one voice, the patriots and pliilofophers of Europe call on government for duties to check the immoderate ule of spirituous liquors. The order of things seems, in our country, to be inverted. Men, pretending to be both pa triots and philosophers, condemn the excise.— The use that some persons make of the unpopu larity of the worA-excifcy shews how much better some quack philosophers love power, than their country or the sciences. /' :P 5,625 o 1,125 o In sober times men attend only to fa&s. But when they get carried away by their palfions, very often those things make themoft impreflion which have the least foundation. The imagi nation, when disturbed, always paints bigger than the life—Fancy peoples her own creation with nothing less than giants. Besides, things which do not admit of proof, cannot on the other hand be disproved. They take pofleffion of the mind, and not unfrequently when good sense is disposed to come home again, it is re fufed admittance. The junto, therefore, who wifti to prepare the people for the talk they are ready to undertake of demolishing all (they com plain of all) that the new government has set up, very properly address themselves to men's paflions. What topic'for inflaming the multi tude against the laws and the law-makers has been left untried! The angry, the proud, the jealous and the weak, are all addrefled. Twice a week they conjure up evil spirits from the dark to haunt the (ick imagination. But the found sense of an enlightened nation, poifeffing every privilege, and deserving what it poiTeffes, clifllpates the fantaftic fliadows of party delu sion, as the waking faculties scatter the visions of a disturbed sleep. 903 o 1 8,937 >o 3,837 15 25,5[5 o 4,036 1.61 66,275 11 For the GAZETTE oj the UNITED STATES. THE NATION'S GAZETTE. A PARODY D UP'D as the greatest fooi is he, 1 he man who pins his faith on thee ; Whole columns lies and Gander swell, And a long lift of woe* foretell, Whate'er you touch—its hue is ehang'd ; The order of the world derang'd— And wretched trash, from Would bring old Anarch's reign again 'Tis this lhat makes your page so fadv— At times—your readers fay you'ie mad— They're sure you do not count.the colt, Subfcribcrs gone—and money loft. The world grows tir'd—your carping crew, Alas, presents them nothing new ; Old lies, new vamp'd, alone abound, Lies frnok'd by all the country round With antifederal fluff they're vext, With dismal propheftes perplext;— For this, your readers will not pay— You'll fret—then quit—alack-a-day ! Di ed on Saturday last, after a short but painful illness, Mr. JOSEPH FEW, of this city; a Wor thy and ufeful citizen ; who, since the revolution (in which he took an a&ive part as an officer ct our army) hath employed himfelf in bringing to I great pcrfeftion a number of ufeful mjnufa£tories and valuable inventions for the benefit of this country, and, we hope, for the emolument of his virtuous aud amiable widow, family and fortune. He was the firft that patronized, and brought to ufeful application, Mr. James Rumfty's patented improvement of Dr. Barker's rototary water-wheel, by which power he was enabled, under a very light fleam of water, to conftruft a variety of valu able machinery for the manufa&uring of muftatd, {larch hair-powder, tobacco, fnufr, chocolate, fhclled and pearl barley, split peas, &c. See. all of of which fcvcral articles, were carried on in an extensive fort, without any patronage from public authority. Pun&ual and just in his dealing—hu mane and liberal to the poor—Warm and ileadv in his friencifhip, and a flcady patron of all ufeful inventions or improvements, it may be truly said, that the inhabitants of Philadelphia and citizens of the United States, have loft in him one of their mod valuable citizens. He was interred in the Friends' Burying-Ground (of which he profefTed himfelf a member) on Sunday evening, followed, by a refpe£table and large number of his fellow citizens. A man, more defireable to man, hath fcldotn left us ! Died, lafl Saturday, on board the fchooncr Friendship, Capt. WelHi, from Charleston, Mr. Wi l li am Bsnton, a young man who had lately gone to visit the state of South-Carolina, and was returning to Philadelphia, when he was seized with the sickness which occasioned his death.—Mr. Benton was a native of Conne£licut. SHIP NEWS. ARRIVED at the PORT oj PHILADELPHIA. Ship Molly, Lager, Cape-Francois Snow Minerva, Hedley, Scarborough, in distress Brig Adventure, Lifs, Montferrar Kitty, M'Allitter, Cadet, Grafton, Swallow, Cheefman, Le Sage, Hennequier, Hathaway, Welfli, Crosier* Nancy, Schr. Friendship, Sans Souci, M'Alpine, Hill, Huffey, Salter, Dolphin, Sloop Fraucis, Hope, Mary, PRICE OF STOCKS. 6 per Cents, 22f 3 per Cents, 13/ Deferred, Full /hares Bank U.»S. 49 per cent, prcra. £ iharcs, 61 62 WANTED—TO RENT, From the last of October next, #3" A convenient House, in or near the centre oj the City.—Enquire of the Editor. 100 Dollars Reward. LOST on Cambridge Common, Massachusetts, on the alternoon of the ißch ult. a Morocco POCKET-BOOK, with a steel clasp, containing a number of valuable papers, among which were the following Public Securities, viz. Maflaclmfetts State Notes— No. 2,425, dated December 1, 1782, payable to Thomas Greenwood, for £'.23 i6j. principal— No. 22,399, dated Ja nuary 1, 1785, payable to Nathaniel Partridge, for £.\o 10s. principal.—No. , dated January 1, 1782, (an army note) payable to Timothy How ard, tor £ . 8 Bj. id. principal.—No. , a Note (the number, date, and to whom payable, not known) for £.3 oj. 3d. principal.—One Indent Certificate for Four Dollars, and a New-Hamp shire Certificate lor about £. 12 payable to Joha and Dankl Jenks ; also a number of Notes of Hand, one of which was for /..572 given by Nathan Bond to Samuel IV. Pomeroy (by whom it was en dorsed) dated Ift May, 1792, and payable on the 1 ith August following ; the others were all pay'a bie to the Subfcribrr. The Securities are checked at the different offices from whence they were lffued, and the Notes of Hand by the different signers, ihey can therefore be of no use to any but the owner. 'The Subfcribcr hereby offers a reward of One Hundred Dollars to any peilon or persons who has found the fame, and will return them to him, or leave them with the Printer hereof, and uo questions will be asked. ABRAHAM FOSTER. Salem, MaJfachufetts, Ayguji 1, 1792. (eptf) St. Croix Guadaloupe Boftou returned in distress St. Martin Chai lefton Virginia Savannah Montferiat Nantuckct St. Euitatia
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