PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY 701 LV FFNNO No fio m■„ crp.7' ~ _ ' No. 69, HIGH-STREET, BETWEEN SECOND AND THIRD STREETS. PHILADELPHIA. [No. 51, of Vol. lII.] FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES. A SAMPLE ORATION, Very suitable to be -worn in the pocket, and delivered at Quarter Races, County Meetings, or volunteer Stats Conventions, as occafmn may require. Men, Brethren, & Countrymen ! IT is the purs unbiased flame of liberty, which, while ir consumes, (fill inspires ine thisday to address you. As to property, I have none ; thank heaven, I diverted myfelf of all yellow dirt, all filthy lucre, in those blest days when I was a Com mittee-man, and watched night and day, in pub lic houses, for the public good,—Property, gen tlemen, is like " the accursed thing," touch it but lightly, and let it pass. It is the mother of aristocracy—that lusty yonng (trumpet on whom the wicked well-born are determined to beget not even a moderate sized, a limitted brat, but a thumping great absolute Monarchy. The virtuous Romans had agrarian laws ; bur our feltifh peafant-foul'd farmeis will not divide their farms; nay, nor will they even divide the annual produce of them, with those patriotic preachers and apojtles, who take no heed for to morrow. A N innarian law would be a rich blef fmg—Oh how it would gladden the hearts, and gild wi:li pleasure the faces, of the true disciples. to serve once more on Committees, whose bufi jiefs it ihould be, at leafl once in three years, to inspect the chests and coffers of the overgrown parse-proud man, or the paltry muckworm, who toiled with the dirty view of " laying up pelf against a rainy day," and divide their ungodly spoil amongtt the pure lovers of liberty. A Numaria'n Jaw is not nil object to be despair ed of. in order to gain the landholders, it is on ly neceilary to convince them, that it is their in tcreft to pare commerce ro the quick—to keep, as it were, " its nose close to the grindstone"— That the landed interest is one thing, and the nionied is another, is very plain—You cannot, gentlemen, carry land enough in the largest port manteau, to pay yotir travelling expences;—a nionied man will do precisely the reverse—he will carry caflt enougli in a linall pair of faddle l>ags to buy a large farm, and thus lord it over us. Was there ever a patriotic land-holder that (peculated anil grew rich, by land jobbing, by loans of money, or loans of cattle, at an high in terelt ?—You all fay no, with a truth most incon trovertible. I have heard it reported that there is one Stare Ji) the Union of no mem size, that would not fuf fer land to be touched by that harpy the law. If this is true, it is a glorious example, a noble po licy. A new-made landed man laughs his mo Jiied dupe creditor in the face, with virtuous scorn. There is one evil that has been little a - tended to. There is a kind of natural at iltocraey anfing from the powers of the mind—Nature has given to some men enormous wealth in this way, and when (lie adds to it that fpzciotis kind of in tegrity which will not facrifice petty private claims; or property for the public good, this arif tocracy then comes to be of a very dangerous It is a government of influence that does not even require money—View the American Court, and tremble. The head of the fyitem, and a.ll rhe coadjutors, ought ipeedily to be oftra cilVd and baniflied. I would not fpareeven their appendage, the specious Court Printer, whose ariftocradcal Gazette is pervading and poisoning tlie /.b eams and sources of information through out this country, it is (aid. I believe we need not go far for an independent, plain-mouthed, Printer to succeed him. nature, I would riot go too far at once, nor shock with an instant total change—l would however weed this rank garden, with a liberal hand. For a be ginning, I would remove the Secretary of the Treasury, and appoint some young Broker in his place—the Secretary of State (hould befucceeded a Watch-maker turned Silver-smith—l would nuike some clean handed Quarter-Mafler, or Coil t:nental Loan-Officer, Treasurer—the Affbciate Judges /hould be felecled f -oni a very patriotic little Eastern State—the Chief Juflice /hould be great La-jj Reformer, in the Diftriift of Maine, who is the glory of Mafiacbufetts Bay—For Se crcrarj- of War, 1 would chufe their worthy re inflated fellow-citizen—Daniel Shays, Esq. VENTOSO, Saturday, October 22, 1791. For the GAZETTE of the UNITED STATES. T X lIO' blooms no more the rose upon my cheek, Tho' loft the hazel lustre of mine eye, Yet does that eye my foft affection speak, And gaze on thee, as 011 a cloudfeft iky; For pure thou art, and full ot harmony ; Bright as in heaven flhines the morning star, So beams thy beauteous foul upon thy face, And (hews no malice, or-no mental war Moves in thy mind, to break thy blifsful peace. But oh my Anna, with thy wonted grace, Continue still my pensive foul to chear, Watch o'er my spirit with thy tender care, So (hail thy power bid the rose appear, And light mine eye, and charrn away despair. CONSTITUTION OF FRANCE. (Continued from our loft.) IV. r I "'HE legislative body has the right of determining the JL p4ace of its fittings, of continuing them as long as it shall think neceflary, and of adjourning : at the commencement of each reign, if it is not fitting, it (hall be bound to meet without delay : It has the right of police in the place of its fitting, and to such extent around it as shall be determined : It has the right of discipline over its members ; but it can pro nounce no heavier punishment than censure, arrest for eight days, or imprisonment for three : It has the right of disposing, for its fafety and the refpeft that is due to it, of the forces, which (hall be eftablilhment by its con sent, in the city where it (hall hold its fittings. V. The executive power cannot march, or quarter, or station, any troops of the line, within thirty thousand toifes of the legis lative body, except on the requisition, or by the authority of that body. SECTION 11. Holdhg of the Sittings, and, form of Deliberating. I. The deliberations ot the Legislative Body (hall be public, and the minutes of the fittings (hall be printed. 11. The Legislative body may, however, on any occasion, foim itfelf into a General Committee. Fifty members (hall have a rigfit to demand it : During the continuance of the General Committee, the aflift ants fhal 1 retire, the Chair of the President shall be vacant, order (hall be maintained by the Vice-President : The Dccrees cannot be palled, except in a Public Sitting. 111. No Legislative Ast can be debated and decrced, except in the following form : IV. The plan of a Decree (hall be read thrice at three inter vals, the shortest of which cannot be less than eight days. V. Thedifcuflion (hall be open after every reading ; neverthe less after the firft or second reading, the Legislative Body may de clare that there is reason for adjournment, or that there is no room for deliberation— in this last cafe, the plan of the Decree may be in'roduced again in the fame feflion : VI. After the third reading, the President shall be bound to propose to their deliberation, and the Legi&itivc Body (hall de cide, whether they are qualified to pass a definitive Decree, or would rather chufe to postpone their decision, in order to gather more ample information on the fubjett : VII. The Legislative body cannot deliberate, if the fitting do not consist of at least 200 Members ; and no Decree (hall be made, except by the absolute majority of votes : VIII. No plan of a law which, after having been submitted to discussion, shall have been rejettcd after the third reading, can again be introduced the fame feflion : IX. The preamble of every Definitive Decree, (hall announce, ift-, The dates of those three fittings, at which the plan of the de cree was read ; 2d, The Decree by which it (hall have been ap pointed after the third reading to decide definitively ; X. The King (hall refufe his fanttion to the Dccrees, whose preamble (hall not attcft the observance of the above forms ; if any of those Dccrees be fan&ioned, the Ministers (hall neither put to it the seal, nor promulgate it, and their responsibility in this refpfft (hall continue fix years: XI. Excepting f r om these regulations, Decrees recognized, and declared urgent by a previous deliberation of the Legislative Body ; but they may be modified orj revoked, in the course of the fame feflion. SECTION II r OF THE ROYAL SANCTION. I. The Decrees of the Legiflacive Body are presented to the King, who may refufc them his aflent. 11. In the cafe of a refnfalof the Royal A (Tent, that refufal is only suspensive. When the two following Legislatures lhall fuccefiiue ly present the fame Decree in the fame terms in which it was ori ginally conceived, the King (hall be deemed to have given his fanftion. 111. The assent of the King is exprefTed to each Decree, by the following formula, signed by the King : " The King consents, and will cause it to be executed The suspensive refufal is thus expressed ; The King will ex amine, IV. The King is bound to cxprefs his aflent or refufal to rach Decree within two months;after that period, his ftlence is deem ed a refufal. V. No dccree to which the King has refuffd his assent, can be presented to him by the fame Legiflatnre. VI. The Legislative Body cannot insert in Decrees illative to the eftablifhmcnt or continuance of impofls, any foreign to that fubjcfl, nor prcfent, at the lame time, for fanaion, other Decrces as infepatable. VII. The decrees fanftioned by the Kin?. and those which have been presented to him by three fucccflive legiflaturcs alone, have the force, and bear the name and title of laws. VIII. F.xcepting however from fanfiinn, those afls of the legis lative body, which relate to i'.s conftitotion, as a deliberating assembly ; Its interior police ; The verification ol the powers of the members ptefent ; The injun&ions to the abfertt members ; The convocation of the primary afTimblics in cafe of delay ; 201 SONNET. C H A M O N T. [Whole No. 255).] The exercrfe of constitutional independence over the aaminiftra tors ; Queftion.sof eligibility on the validity of elections ; Exempting likewise from fan&ion, a&s relative to the refponfibi- Jity of ministers; and all decrees importing that there is ground of accufaiion. SECTION IV. Connexion of the Legislative Body zuith the King. I. When the Legislative Body is definitively conllituted, it (hall fend a deputation to inform the King. The King may every vear open the Session, andj propose the objects, which, during its con tinuance, he thinks ought to be taken into confiderar.on ; this form, however, is not to be considered as neccffary to the a&ivity of the Legislative Body. 11. When the Legislative Body wiflies to adjourn longer than fifteen days, it is bound to inform the King, by a Deputation, at least eight days previous to the adjournment. 111. Eight days, at lcaft, before the end of each Seflion, the Legislative Budy shall fend a Deputation to the King, to announce to h,m the day on which it proposes to terminate its fittings ; the King may come in order to cloie the Sellion. IV. II the King find it of importance to the welfare of the State, that the Seflion be contiuued, or that the adjournment be put off, or take place only for a shorter time, he may fend a ineffage to thisefFtft, on which the Legislative Body is bound to deliberate. V. The King (hall convoke the Legislative Body during the in terval of its Seflion, as often as the interrft of the State shall ap pear to him to require it, as well as in those cases which the Le gislative Body have forefeen and determined previous to their adjournment. VI. Whenever the King (ball visit the place of meeting of the Legislative Body, he (hall be received, and conduced back by a deputation ; he cannot be accompanied into the inner part of the Hall by any except Ministers. VII. The President can in no cafe form part of a Deputation. VIII. The Legislative Body (hall cease to be a Deliberating Body whilst the King shall be preferit. IX. The a£ts of correspondence of the King with the Legiflj tive Body, (hall be always connterfigned by a Minifler. X. The Ministers of the King shall have admiflion into the Legislative National Aflembly, they (hall have a particular place ; they shall be heard on all the fubje&s on which they demand a hearing, and as often as they (half be called upon to give expla nations. CHAPTER IV. Of the Exercises of the Executive power. I. The Supreme Executive power resides exclusively in the hands of the King : The King is the Supreme Head of the general adminiftrarion of the kingdom ; the carcof watching over the maintenance oi pub lic order and tranquility is entrusted to him : The King is the Supreme Head of all the land and fca forces To the King is delegated all the care of watching over the exte rior security of the kingdom, and of maintaining its rights and pofleflions. 11. The King names AmbaflTadors and the other agents of po litical negociations ; He bestows the command of armies and fleets, and the ranks of Mar(hal of France and Admirals ; He names two-thirds of the Rear-Admirals, one half of the Lieutenant-Generals, Camp-Marflials, Captains of (hips, and Co lonels of the National Gendarmerie ; He names a third of the Colonels and Lieutenant-Colonels, and a sixth of the Lieutenants of ships ; The whole in conformity to the laws with refpeft to promotion. Heappoints in the Civil Administration of the Marine, the Di rectors, the Comptrollers, the Treasurers of the Arsenals, the Mas ters of the Works, the Under-Mafters of Civil Buildings, half of the Matters of Administration, and of the Under-Mafters of Con ftru6lion ; He appaints the Commi(Taries of the tribunals ; He appoints the Commiflioners of the National treafuiy, and :heSuperintendants in Chief ofthe management of Contributions indirect; He superintends the coinage of money, and appoints the Officers entrusted with this fuperintcndance in the General Comm.flion and the Mints ; The effigy of the King is struck on all the coinage of the king dom. 111. The King orders Letters Patent, B.evets, and commil fions to be delivered to all the public Officers that ought to re ceive them. IV. The King orders a lift of pensions and gratifications to be made out for the purpose of being prcfented to the Legislative Body each Seflion. , SECTION I. OJ the Promulgation of Laws. I. The executive power is entrusted with ordering the fcal of State to be put to laws, and causing them to be promulgated. 11. Twocopiesof each law (ball be made, both signed by the King, countcrfigned by the Minister of Jufticc, and sealed with the leal of the State ; The one (hall be deposited in the archives of the fcal, and the other (kail be sent lo the archives of the legislative body. 111. The promulgation of laws lhall be in these terms : " N. (the King's name) by the Graec of God, and the confti tutiona! law of the State, King of the French, to all prt-fent and to come, greeting. The National AfTembly has decreed, and we will and ordain as follows : [Here a literal copy oj the decree Jhall U infer ted without any va riation.^ i* We command and ordain to all administrative bodies and courts ofjuftice, to cause these presents to be tranferibed on th<-ir regiftrrs, read, publifhcd, and polled up in their departments, and refprftivc places of resort, and executed as a law of the realm'; in witness of which, we have signed these presents, to which we have cn 11 I d ihe seal of the State to be put." IV. If the King is a minor, laws, proclamations, and other afls proceeding from the royal anthority during the regency, (hall be conceived in these terms : " N. (the name of the regent) regent of ihe kingdom, in the name of N\ (the King'sname) by thegrace of God, ar.d the con flitutional law of the State, King of the French," &c. V. The executive power is bound to fend the laws to th« ad miniftraiive bodies and courts of justice, to fee that they arc so sent, and to answer for it to the legislative body. VI. The executive power cannot make any law, not even pro visional, but merely proclamations, conformable to the laws, !• ordain or enforcc the execution. (To ic continued.)
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