Conscious of our humble condition, we have considered that this paper lliould be presented only by a few and that at your door, without seeking any nearer access. And as towards those gentlemen, who, like you, have been swayed by 110 other intererts than those of humanity, we have also considered that it may be beiV to express our acknowledgments only here, taking the li berty however to diftinguiih, by name, Mr. Pitt and Mr. Fox, great rivals as we are told, in poli tical pursuits, but whom we have found to be friends in those of virtue, seeking with one ac cord, and with congenial minds, that better prize which both alike can gain. As towards you, fir, we know not what it may become us to fay : but we mean, at lealt, by the presentment of this paper, honor of every kind. Our voice'is too low ro prail'e ; yet JYnall as it is, •we however consider it as the firft imperfect breathing of a name, which shall, one day, swell the cheek of Africa, and be founded with uni versal acclaim. In ancient time, a great conqueror (if we are truly informed) having ravaged Africa, and de stroyed a whole people, made spoil even of the name, and wore it as his own : but haply, fir, in some future time, this name may be voluntarily and gratefully bestowed by Africa itfelf, for na tions preserved civilized, enlightened, and rendered commercial, the trophy of benevolence, not the spoil oj •war George Samuel, Thomas Cooper, William Tyrwitt, Caesar Pidon, Thomas Johnson, James Bailey. PORTLAND, (Mai):) July 18. e< On Thursday the 14th inflant, at Pownalbo rough, came 011 the trial of Louis Paronneau, a young "Frenchman, who was indicted for the murder of his uncle, a Mr. Joseph Junin. " The Attorney-General, with great candoi and fairnefs, opened the cause to the Jury, and Hated the evidence, which he said was not pofi tive, but depended upon a combination of cir cumflances attending the facl. The aniount of the evidence was, that the night preceding the discovery of the murder, the prisoner lodged at the house of a Mr. Dennet, having previoufh pafled the evening there—that about 12 o'clock he went out of the house, faying that he was go ing to the (lore to bed—that lie returned in 8 or 10 minutes, appearing terrified and agitated, and said he saw two Indians Handing at the store door, with guns or flicks—cried outfeveral times, in the night that he saw Indians going to shoot liim. 1b the morning lie went down to the store with two young men of the house to deliver them rum—appeared as usual, and told them to awake liis uncle, which they refufed ; he then went in to the bed room to awake him, reached towards the bed, and cried out that his uncle was mur dered. A gun was discovered in the flore room, appearing to have been newly discharged ; but was in a disordered slate, there being no flint, &c. The rod of the gun was found in the kitchen ; and the balls which had pafled through the head of the deceased were ot the fame weight with others found in the flore. Two mufqtiafli skins were found near the store ; and there was evi dence that there was a settlement of Indians at about 10 miles distance from the flore ; one of whom had, in Augufl last, threatened to murder Mr. Junin, whenever he should get an opportu nity. " Messrs. Gardiner and Lithgow were counfcl J"or the prisoner, and very ably pled his cause.— The Jury brought in their verdidl that the pri soner Was NOT GUILTY." HUDSON, July 21. Extratt of a letter jrom a gentleman at Frankford, on the Kentucky river, to his. brothej- in this city, dated May 16, I 791. On the 19th of March we left Fort Pitt with only 4 men, in company with two boats, to go to Limestone. On the 22d we took in j men at Mulkingum. The next morning, our boat being foremoft, we were hailed by the Indians, who came up with us in four boats, with about 20 men in each, and killed one of our men and wounded two the firft (hot, we waited till they were within 30 yards, and then fired, which did great execu tion ; I then received a shot through my arm ; one of the boats attempted to board us, but we beat them off; they then attacked a boat in our rear, took her, and in a mod inhuman manner placed the women and children in the ceritcr of their boats, and attacked lis again ; we had only three men and myfelf able to fighr, but we beat them off. During this attack we drifted within yards of the (hole, where they attacked us again, and pursued us about a mile arid a half along the fliore, before we could get out of their teach, Out of 9 men two only elcaped unhurt. We had 011 board one woman and eight children, one of the children received a flight wound. We arrived at limeltone at it o'clock that evening. The Indians are very troublesome in this country, and do great mifchief; but they have not at tacked a boat on the river since our action. The loss they filftained from us we could not ascertain, Lu: they fuffered leverely-for their attempt." B IJ II L I N G T O N, July 26 A correfpondetu remarks, that the condudt of the grand jury, im pan helled at the lad court of oyer and terminer held here, is both exemplary and commendable, and shews their zeal for the public welfare in an eminent degree; for after taking a view of the circumstances and moral condition of the county in this vicinity, they ac tually adjourned to Egg-Harbour, in order to en quire more particularly on the spot, into the fate of Capt Douglafs, and the unfortunate circum stances attending his (hipwreck ; prompted there to, by a suspicious report circulating, and gene rally creditted, to the prejudice of Mr. T r, living on the (bore. On this occasion we are au thoriled to afl'ure the public, that, this doubtful bulinefs having been minutely inveitigated, not a scintilla of evidence was found that could afford the leait foundation for the report, or cast any suspicion on the old gentleman : on the contrary, the paflengers and crew speak favorably of his hospitality. Extract of a letter from Cooper's-Town, State of New- York, to his friend in thisccityy y dated June 30. I have again resumed the pen, to acquaint you with foirie of our northern occurrences ; the firft: of which, or that which seems more particu larly to engross our attention at this time, is our new courts of justice, which were held in this place for the county of Otfego, on the 21 ft inft. The honorable William Cooper, firft judge on the bench, from whence he delivered a decent and spirited charge to a very refpec c iable grand jury—the court-house having been prex ionfly in augurated, by a sensible and well adapted prayer from the Rev. John Christopher Harrwick—the following gentlemen were then admitted coun sellors and attornies, viz. Christopher P. Yates, Amaziah Rust, John 1. Morgan, George Metcalfe, James Cochran, Abraham Tenbroeck, Andrew Wimple, Anthony Mai vine, and Jacob G. Fonda, £fq*rs. all men of refpeiftability, and (the two firft excepted) young adventurers like myfelf.— The court was conducted with the mm oft regu larity and decorum, and but indi&ments found. We were favored with the company of Mr. Rutherford, one of the senators of the United States, who was on a visit to his friends in this county, and like most other ftaangers, seemed pleased with the fituarion of our town, which, 1 a(Ture you, is become quite a genteel place." Philadelphia, August 5. Monday being the anniversary of the birth-day of his Excellency 'he Governor of this Commonwealth, the fame was announced by the appearance of a detachment of militia. At one o'clock a fe deral salute of 15 guns was fired by Capt. Fifhrr's company of Artillery—after which, the Governor received visits of personal refpeft from /he citizens. Same day the Supreme Court of the United States aflembled at the new City-Hall—present, Hon. John Jay, Chief Justice, Hon. W. Cushing, ) J. ( Associate -lud"CSI ud " CS - J.lredell, j John Tucker, Esq. having resigned as Clerk of this Court, Samuel Bayard, Esq. of this city, was appointed, and took the neceffarv oaths. John D. Coxe, Esq. was admitted and sworn a Counfcllor o! the Court. After several motions refpe£ting suits depending,were made, the Court adjourned toyefterday. The latest Britifli accounts at Cadiz, on the gth June, mention, lhat the impress service was going on with vigour, and no certainty of any accommodation likely to take place between the Ruffians and the Porte; but every thing looked like widening the breach between Britain and Ruflia. The ship Chapman, Captain Garbut, is arrived at Portland, Cafco Bay, from Plymouth, England, and brings accounts, that the prof peel of a war with Ruflia has very much abated, aud is esteemed a very unpopular measure ; that a large fleet of mer chantmen had failed for the Baltic before he came away,—and that no American vessels were at Plymouth at the time of his failing. [A more direst account than that from Cadiz.) We hear from Londonderry, that the bridge built over Lough Foyle, or Londonderry river, by Mr. Cox, of Boston, is com pletely finifhed, to the fatisfa£lion of the people there, and is • hought to be a very capital piece of architecture, comprehending thirty-four piers. The workmen who went from America with Mr. Cox, he has taken paflages for, in order to fend them home again. Mr. Cox's son remains in Ireland, and has urtdertaken to raise the ship Happy Return, formerly commanded by Captain Ewing, which was cast away la ft winter on the St rand off Magiligin. In the fh>p Anne, Capt. A. Miller, arrived here on Sunday last from Londonderry, came 363 paftengers, all in perfett heakh. The following was signed by the paflengers who came in the Anne, from Londonderry : ** We the undernamed pafTengers on hoard the ship Anne, from Londonderry to Philadelphia, commanded by Capr. Miller, jun. do return him our sincere and hearty thanks for his kind and hu mane treatment of us, and the carc he took to render the paflage agreeable to us." AbJlraEl oj the Census of North-Car din a, as taken by the Marshal of thai Biftria. Heads of families, Free white males, of 16 years and upwards, including heads of families, - - - 69,988 Free white males under 16 years, - - 77,^06 Free white females, mcludisg heads of families, 140,710 All other free persons, . 4-9/5 Slaves, - 100,572 .The people of Delaware State are taking mea sures to aflemble a Convention for the ptirpofe of revifmg and amending their State Constitution. 111 52,989 Total, 393>75' The inhabitant* of the Wea, or Ouittanon, and Kickapoa towns, upon the river Wabafh, which were the object of Gene ral Scott's expedition, were among the inoft vindictive race of savages inhabiting the western regions. They have no: enly conilantly refufed the pacific invitations of the United States, but they have carried on the moll fuccetsful and cruel 4epredatipns cn the detencelefs frontiers. It is to be hoped the punishment which has overtaken them, the humane treatment of their priloners, and the mild offers of the general government llii) held forth to them, and within their reach, will incline them, and all their neighbours, to peace. But, should they still perfifl in their hollilities, they will pro bably be removed from their fuuation on the Wabafh, if not utterly extirpated ; for the general government will not fuffer the inuocent women and children of the frontiers to be facrifiied to indian barbarity, with impunity. Good Government is to the body politic, what discipline is to individuals—in a slate of nature, the materials of which mem bers of civilized society maybe formed, are unconne&ed with those numerous inveterate prejudices, and falfe ideas of happiness, which are inseparably attendant on a voluptuous and vicious iiate of civilization, —a government therefore which will probably be competent to forming the social habits and manners of men in a savage slate, should be simple in its conflru&ion, and plain in all its applications to their exigencies. Bat when a Conflitution of Government is contemplated for a people who have long been in a civilized situation, whose affairs are become involved and per plexed—whose habits and manners are corrupted and difiipated, who entertain falle ideas of charafler—are impatient of all re flraint. and confound liberty with licentiousness—whose taste is vitiated, whose emulation is guided by a vain ambition, and a fondnefs for diftin&ions founded on falfe principles, the work ot government becomes arduous and difficult in the higljefl degree— in such a slate of things all ideas of discipline will be spurned at till the diseases of the public mind become inveterate—a fyflem of government which shall answer any salutary purpose in such circumstances, mufl possess a tone of energy and efficiency, which mankind will very seldom submit to voluntarily—and this I take to be the origin of Tyranny—for focietv cannot exifl without government, either free or arbitrary. Hiflory ani experience unitedly proclaim that.discipline alone can preserve freedom—a discipline which is the genuiue effect of a firm government; for we may just as reasonably expc£l that a total negle£l of fchoo! discipline will produce a wife, virtuous and intrepid riling gene ration, as that a relaxed system of things which fuffers everv man to whatever is right in his own eyes, will produce virtuous citizens, and perpetuate freedom. SKETCH OF MR. HASTINGS's TRIAL. Monday the 23d of May, the trial of Mr. Hastings recommcnc ed in Weltminfter Hall. Mr. St. John opened the fourth article of the charge relative to contracts, agencics, and exorbitant allowances* corruptly and il legally given t° various persons.—Mr. St. John summed up the lols to the company by these a&s, forming a total of 584,3811. This charge was enforced by the manager, by a very clear and elegant opening of the facts on which it was founded. Mr. Hastings, as soon as Mr. St, John had concluded, addrefT cd the court with an uncommon folcmnity—he complained that he was compelled to hear the most virulent language without be ing allowed to offer a reply ; —his trial had lasted four years, and he was convinced 111 his own mind, that it would never have an end—The changes by creation or demise affe£ling the identity of his judges, were not less than 60,—he could not but feel it an liardfhip to be tried by one generation, and have judgment paflfed by-another. He concluded his speech, by praying that the court may continue the lefTlon from day to day, until he may be heard in his defence, and the trial be brought to a final decision. To this speech Mr. Burke and Mr. Fox fenarateiy replied, with pointed severity—the former charged him with reversing his situ ation, and dilating to his judges the manner in which they were to proceed, and when the process was appwachmg to its end, when guilt was driven to its last retreat, and the lash of justice was about to fall on its proper object, the culprit made an appeal to compafTion, and exclaimed " that his trial would never have an end."—Mr. Hastings complained that he had been charged with crimes oi an atrocious nature ! —certainly he had been so charged—it was the atrocious detail of tortures and murders that drew forth the Commons of England to this accusation Mr. Fox observed in reply to the complaint of virulent language, that in charging high crimes and misdemeanors, he felt it his du ty to use the proper and corresponding language ; —the grievance of not being allowed to answer, was the result of Mr. Hastings* own conduct—the managers had proposed that the prisoner Ihould have been heard on each of the charges at its conclusion ; their Lordships had decided against that mode—hut their Lord (hips would not have refilled that plan of proceeding, if the prisoner had given his content, he could not therefore complain of that which was the result of his own choice. 3ir James St. Clair Erfkine then proceeded to adduce a great variety of documentary evidence in support of the charge; and at lix o'clock the court adjourned to Wednesday. CORRESPONDENTS. MR. FENNO, YOU will oblige at Itajl one of your conjlant readers, by remarking in your next paper, that your resolution of avoiding religious controversies was unfortunately formed too late; and that on the present occasion, it would have been ailing with more equity, not to have given pUce in your paper to the " Circular Letter," which gave occasion for the " Re marks" of HUMANUS. Philad. July 28, 1791 In reply te the above, the Editor wouldobferve, that there is a certain degree of refpett due to ajj'ociated bodies, which individuals cannot claim with propriety—on this principle the " Circular Letter" was published. The ttfertion of a public any ajjociated denomination what evert we do not consider as deviating from a determination long fincc an nounced, that we mean to avoid religious controversies. We have received " Aurilian," but requejl to be exevjed from publishing it—Come alterations might be fuggejled, which we are not au. thorijed to make. From PELOSI's MARINE LIST. ARRIVALS at the PORT of PHILADELPHIA. Brig Anna, Franklin, Mercury, Gardiner, Sloop Merrimack, Williams, PRICE CURRENT.— PUBLIC SECURITIES. FUNDED DEBT. 6 pr. Cents 20f 50/6 pr. £ . 3 pr. Cents 12/4 "12/6 Defered 6 pr. Cents 12/B 13f 1 UNFUNDED DEBT, Final Settl. and other Certificates lg\f 19/6 do. Indents 12/6 1 65 do* N. and S. Carolina debts, i«J6. Bank. Subscriptions, 62 to 63 Dollars. Thr JOURSAI. of th: TIIIRD SESSION of the SENATE i f the f/.V n iD prey b? tht Editor htrtof. Bristol St. Croix Salem pr. ccnt, 625 do. 65 do.
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