Gazette of the United-States., May 25, 1791, Page 29, Image 1

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PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS 3Y JOHN FENXO, No. 69, HIGH,STREET, BETWEEN SECOND AND THIRD STREFTS, PHILADELPHIA.
[No. 8, of Vol. lII.]
TRANSLATED
For the GAZETTE oj the UNITED STATES,
A DISCOURSE OF STEPHEN BOETIUS,
Concerning voluntary Servitude : Or the Anti-One.
(Continued from A : o. 6of this Gazette.)
BUT ill truth, it is idle to debate, whether li
berty is natural since we cannot hold any
one in Servitude, without doing him wrong : and
there is nothing in the world so contrary to na
ture, which is all reasonable, as injustice. It re
mains then to fay that liberty is natural, and for
the fame reason in my opinion, that we are not
only born in the poffeflion of our freedom, but
also with affecftion to defend it. But if you are
in doubt of this and are so far bastardized, that
you cannot recognize your property, nor indeed
your natural affei'lions, I must do you the honor
which belongs to you, and raise up the brute
beasts into the pulpit, to preach to you, your
own nature and condition. The brutes (God
bless me) if men are not deaf, cry out to them,
' Liberty forever !' Several among them die as
soon as they are taken ; as the fillies which lose
their lives as soon as their water, quit the light
and will nocfurvive their natural liberty m If the
animals had among them their ranks and pre
eminences, they would make their nobiliiy, in my
opinion, consist in freedom. The others from the
gieatell to the least, when we take them, make
lb great a reliftance witli their nails, their horns,
their hoofs and their bills, that they declare,
loudly enough, how dearly they hold that-which
they lose. Being taken, they give us so many
apparent signs of the knowledge tliey have of
their misfortune, that it is beautiful to fee that
from that time, it is rather languifbing than liv
ing ; and that their lives are continued more to
bfcinoan their loft liberty, than to take pleasure
in servitude. What less than this is the language
of the elephant, who, having defended liiuifelf,
as long as he could, feeing no longer any remedy,
and being on the point of being taken, he seizes
a tree with his jaws, and breaks out his teem :
Kis great desire to remain 'free, as he was born,
gives him wit and invention, and instigates him
to bargain with the hunters, to be quitted for
his teeih, and to pay with his ivory tlie ransom
of his liberty. We pamper the liorfe as loon as
he is born, in order to tame him to the service :
and although we know the art of flattering him,
and succeed in taming him, yet he champs at the
bit, and he flings at the spur, as if to ihevv his
nature, and teftify at least by this impatience,
that although he serves, it is not with his con
feut but by our constraint. What shall we fay
then ? Even the oxen groan in the yoke and the
birds complain in the cage, as I have laid here
tofore elsewhere in some of my amusements in
French rhymes, for I am not afraid, in writing
to you (O'Longa) to intermix my own verses,
which however I never read but when you make
me vain by pretending to be pleased with them.
Since therefore all things which have fentiuient,
or sensibility, feel the evil of fubjetftion and pant
after liberty : Since the beasts, which are made
for the service of man, cannot accustom 'theni
felves to service, without frequent protestations
of a contrary desire : What marvellous abfuidity,
is that which has been able so to unnaturalize
man, who in truth was alone born to live in free
dom, as to make him lose the memory of his
primitive condition, and the desire of regaining
it ?
There are three forts of tyrants. I speak of
wicked Princes. Some have their Kingdoms by
the election of the people—others by force of
arms, and others by succession of consanguinity.
Thole who have acquired it, by the right of war,
we know very well how they behave in it. They
are, as we fay, in the land of conquest. Thole
who are born Kings, aie not commonly much
better : being bom and nouri(hed in the blood
of the tyranny, they draw in with their milk
the nature of the tyrant, and make a property,
an estate of the people who are under them, as
of their hereditary villaines : and according to
their complexions, by which they are more in
clined to be avaricious or prodigal, they behave
in their kingdoms as in their inheritances. He
to whom the people have given the State, ought
to be, I should think more supportable : and
would be lb, as 1 believe, were it not that, as
soon as they fee themselves elevated above others,
flattered by something, 1 know not what which
is called grandeur, he deliberates on the me,ins of
holding his preeminence. Commonly fucta an
•Wednesday, May 25, 1 79 1.
one makes &n estate of the power which tiie
people have depolited inhini totranfmit it to his
children. But, from the time that these have
taken such ail opinion, it is a Itrarfge thing, how
much they surpass in all forts of vices, and even
in cruelly, the other tyrants. They fee no other
means, of afluring the new tyranny, than by ex
tending far and wide, thefervitude, and estrange
their fubjefts so far from lib vty, even while the
memory of it, is still freft. ■ as to make them
wholly lose it. Thus to i-jf the truth, 1 fee
very well that there is some difference between
thein ; but 1 fee no choice—and although the
means of arriving at kingdoms are different,
still the manner of reigning, is very much alike.
The eletfted as if they had taken bulls to tame,
treat them accordingly. The conqnerors think
they have a right, as to their prey : The fuc
ceflors, think they have a right, as to their natu
ral llaves.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
ODE
TO HENRY.
WITH what an anxious, trembling, joy
Doth Modesty his powers employ !
While earnest pantings fill his breast,
He shrinks with (hadowy fears diftreft.
Warm'd with Fancy's glowing fire,
Henry can thy foul desire
Far from Virtue's aid to fly ?
Virtue daughter of the Iky.
C I had hoped, with fond delight,
With thee, ambitious, to unite ;
With thee to wake the answering lyre ;
With thee the strength of truth infpirc.
Now thou fli'ft the doubtful field ;
Yet untried, I fee theo yield ; {
Shun the stormy face of day,
Which to glory points the way.
We might have join'd, with studious care,
To chafe from earth tire fiend Despair.
To wake new tenderness and truth,
New virtue, in the foul of Youth.
Mi.ejht f- ; -ndfllio rijP**
Love regardless of disguise ;
Merit garb anew the mind ;
Worth the glory of mankind.
To us the Muse have oped her store
With luxury unknown before ;
Our fainting fouls with strength have fired ;
Our fotig with energy inspired.
Now a tear her cheek bedews—
" Henry hath forgot the Muse.
" Slights the power whose constant care
" Makes him lovely to his fair.
" Tell him, altho the fires of ever.,
" Before the Sun, are loft in heav;n ;
" Like, are the Muse's splendid iays,
" Th c gloiy oj the latter days.
" Radiance gilds the Poet's sky ;
41 Heavenly visions fill his eye ;
" Time's dominions unconceai'd,
<c All Creation lies reveal'd."
Georgetown, (S. C.) April 30,
To the PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES.
The address of the inhabitants of Georgetown, and its vicinity.
Si R,
WE, the inhabitants of Georgetown, and of its vicinity, beg
leave to congratulate you upon your fafe arrival in South-
Carolina, and to assure you, that having ever entertained a high
sense of the obligations which you have conferred upon your fel
low-citizcns in general, we are happy to embrace this opportuni
ty of tettifying to you our particular fentimentsof gratitude end
of affe&ion : We are no less happy, Sir, at being called upon by
the laws to obey, and to refpeft as firft Magiftraie of the federal
Republic, that person, whom of all men we were most disposed
to revere as our benefa&or, and to love as the father ol his country.
Having ftiared in the diftrelfcs of the war, and been exposed to
those calamities, and to that lofsof property, which were the con
fluences of it, we have been taughl to set a proper value upon
the exertions which were made in our behalf, we have experien
ced the happy influence of your councils, Sir, and have distinguish
ed you as the guardian of our laws, and of our liberties, as an m
ftrument in the hands of providence to protect our dearest rights,
and to save us from oppreflion. The breath of popular applause
is fleeting, but the merit of such illustrious actions can never be
effaced ; they czjry along with them their best reward, and we
trust, Sir, that in pursuing your progress through this state, you
will have the fatisfa£tion to perceive a spirit of freedom, which
your services during the war enabled us to maintain ; a degree of
order and tranquility, which your administration has diffufed,
and a growing profperny, than which no better proof could exist,
of the goodness and efficacy of that government, over which you
preside.
Such, fir, are the feniiments with which we approach you upon
this occasion, and fucii the feniiments which wc shall in honor,
and in gratitude transmit to our latest posterity.
Signed by order ot the inhabitants of Georgetown, and its vi
cinity. HUGH HORRY,
Wszc? tcasts /vet*
G*y/k , t J
hfiifid,
29
ELLA
JOSEPH BLYTH,
¥.. ROTHMALER,
F. KINLOCH,
GEORGE KEITH,
MATTHEW IRVINE,
R. BKOWNFIELD,
SAMUEL SMITH.
[Whole No. 216.'
THE ANSWER.
To the INHABITANTS of GEORGE-TOWN, and of iti
VICINITY.
G£ntlemen,
I RECEIVE your congratulations on my arrival in South-Ca
rolina with real pleasure, and I confefs my obligations to your
affe&ionate regard with sincere gratitude.
While the calamities, to which you were exposed during the
war, excited all my sympathy, the gallantry and firmnefs with
which they were encountered, obtained my entire esteem 1. x
to your fortitude in those trying scenes our country is much in
debted for the happy and honorable issue of the conteft—from
theintlv'er virH»t:s, inchuratt.rife your cond«i& hi peace, our
equal government will derive those aids, which may render its
operations extensively bcneficial. •
1 hat your participation of ev.cry national advantage, and your
proiperiry in private life, may be amply proportioned to your
past lervices and fufferings, is my fuicere and fervent wish.
Irious Biotticr, GfcOKGi. WASHINGTON, Pre
sident of the United Stales.
'o our
Si r,
AT a time when all men are emulous to approach you, to ex
press the lively sensations you inspire as the father ot cur country,
permit us, the brcthern of Prince George's Lodge* No. 16, to
have our share in the general happiness, in welcoming you to
Georgetown ; and the pJeafure ot refle&ing that we beholrl in
you the liberator of our country—the distributor of its equal
laws—and a brother of our mod antient and mod honorable in
flitution.—At the fame time indulge us in congratulating you on
the truly honorable and happy situation, in which you now stand,
as the grand coudu&or of the public interest of these United
States.
Having by your manly efforts caused the beautious light o'f li
berty to beam on this western hemisphere, and by the wifdoni
Heaven has graciously endowed you with, established the liber
ties of America on the jufteft and firmeft basis that was ever yet
recorded on the annals of hiltory, you now enjoy the fupremeft
of all earthly happiness, that of diffufing peace, liberty, and
fafety to millions or your fellow-citizens.
As a dup reward for your patriotic, noble and exalted services.
we fervently pray the grand architett of the u.iiveii'e long to bless
you with health, (lability, and power—to continue you the
grand pillar of the arch of liberty in this vast empire, which
you have been so eminently distinguished in railing to the pitch
of perfection at which we now behold it.
May the residue of your life be spent in ease, content and hap
pinefo—and as the great parent of these United States, may you
long live to fee your children flourifh under your happy aufpiccs,
and be finally rewarded with eternal happiness.
We conclude our present address with a fervent wish that you
will continue as you have hitherto been the friend of our antient
and honoruble order and of all worthy masons.
J. VvHirt, "J
R. GRANT, J
A.COHEN, from Prince
J. BLYTH, 1 George's Lodge.
J. CARSON, J
Georgetown, April 30, 1791.
To the BRETHREN of PRINCE-GEORGE's LODGE No. 16,
Gentlemen,
THE cordial welcome which you gave me to Georgetown, and
the congratulations you are pleased to offer on my ele&ion to the
Chief Magistracy of the United States receive my grateful thanks.
I am much obliged by your good wifhcs and reciprocate them
with sincerity—alluring the society of my esteem, I request them
to believe that I (hall always be ambitious of being considered a
deserving biother. GFORGE WASHINGTON,
Charleston, May 5, 1791.
To the PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES.
Sir,
THE intendant and wardens, repfefentatives of the citizens of
Charleston, find themselves particularly gratified by your arrival
in the metropolis of this State.
It is an event, the expe&ation of which they have, for some
time, with great plcafure indulged.
When in the person ol the supreme magistrate of the tJnited
States, they recognize the father of the people, and the defender
of the liberties ot America, they feel a peculiar fatisfaftion in de
claring their fiim persuasion, that they speak the language of their
conftituenti, in asserting that no body of men throughout this ex
tensive continent can exceed them in attachment to his public cha
racter, or in revering his private virtues : and they do not hesitate
in anticipating those bleflings which must ultimately be diffufed
among the inhabitants of these States, from his exertions tor their
general welfare, aided by those in whom they have also rested a
(hare of their confidence.
Go on, fir, as you have done.—Continue to pofTefs as well as
to deserve the love and esteem of all your fellow-citizens ! while
millions in other parts of the globe, though strangers to your per
son, (ball venerate your name.
May you long be spared to receive those marks of refpefl,
which you so entirely merit from a grateful people, aud may all
who live under your auspice«, continue to experience that free
dom and happiness which is so universally acknowledged to have
proceeded from your wife, judicious and prudent administration.
At nold Vanderhorst, Intendant.
THE ANSWER.
To the INTENDANT and WARDENS, Representatives of the
citizcos of Charleflon.
Gentlemen,
THE gratification you are pleased to express at my arrival in
your metropolis, is replied to with fincenty, in a grateful ac
knowledgement of the pleating feufations which your affc&iouatc
urbanity has excited.
Highly sensible of your attachment and favorable opinions, I
intrcat you to be persuaded of the lading gratitude which they
impress, and of the cordial regard with which they are returned.
It is the peculiar boast of our country that her happiness is
alone dependant on the ooHe&ive wisdom and virtue of her citi
zens, and rests not on the exertions of any individual. While a
just sense is entertained of our natural and political advantages,
we cannot fail to improve them ; and, with the progress of our
national importance, to combine the freedom and felicity of in
dividuals.
I (hall be particularly gratified in observing the happy influence
of public measures on the prosperity of your city, which is so en
titled to tbe regard and esteem of the American Uniou.
GEORGE WASHINGTON.
GEO&CE WASHINGTON.