An irregular debate en Hie J on these several nominations,without a question's being taken on either. Some of the members appeared dehrous of coming to a decision ; a motion however, lor the committee's riling and reporting progrels was carried in the affiunative. The committee on enrolled bills, reported the bill, intitled an ast, to continue an atl, declat ing the afient of Congress to certain laws ot the Hates of Rhode-Illand, Maryland and Georgia, lo far as it refpec r ts Rhode-llland and Georgia— which they had examined and lound duly em oi led. The speaker then signed the fame. Mr. Williamfon bro't foward his motion lor leave to bring in a bill to prevent the invalid penlioners from alienating their pensions before they became due. A committee was accoidmg y appointed, confiding of Meflis. Wilhamloro, Brown, and Griffin. _ Mr. Fitzfimons prefcnted a petition from tlie | ilifpecftors of the port of Philadelphia—praying for an addition to their compensation. Laid on •he table. . . Mr. Ames moved that a committee he appoint ed to conlider whether any, and what further provision, shall be made to the commiflioners ot loans in the refpetftive states, to defray their ex tra expences. , c A mellage was received from the Preliaent ot the United States, to inform the house that the acftabove mentioned had received his approbati on, and lignature. Adjourned. T U*E S D A Y, Jan. 11 ' A petition from sundry inhabitants of the state of Pennsylvania was read, and referred to the Secretary of theTreafury. Mr. Bloodworth presented a memorial from the merchants and others of the town of ■ville ; and another from the merchants of Wilmington, refpecfting the judiciary fyltem ; proposing certain alterations therein. Referred to a committee of five, confiding of Meflis.—■ , Burke, Bloodworth, Giles and Brown. Incommitteeof the whole on the bill, repeal ing after thelaft day of next, the duties heretofore laid on distilled spirits, and laying others in their stead. The 13th feftion, which provides for laying a duty on spirits, distilled from materials, the pro duce of the country was read. This fe<ftion Mr. Jackson moved, should be struck out ; a lengthy debate ensued, which employed the residue of the day ; the question on striking out being at length put, pafled in the negative—33 to 1 7—the committee then rofc and reported progress. A mefl'age was received from the Senate, in forming the House, that they have pafled a bill entitled an adi for granting lands to the settlers at post St. Vincennes ; read the firft time. Adjourned. FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES. A Letter from Jofcph to his Friend J.minadab, on . the Exemption of the Quakers from the Militia Service, &c. My dear Friend Am in a dab, I HAVE to return thee my thanks for the Memorial thou haft sent mc, and which our Society have caused to be prefentcd to the Congrcfs ofthe,United States. 1 like it well, because it favoreth much ol our carnal interest, and is expressive ot that subtle policy which is known to guide our tender consciences. Surely we ought to be exempted from the dangers, fatigues, and expences of the mi- Htia-fervice, because we have, in general, been such tried friends to the independence of this country, and our conduct hath been so truly patriotic, as to merit every encouragement and diftinftion. It gives me also great pleasure, friend Aminadab, to fee our great men pay such attention to our Memorial, and spend whole clays in debating thereon : Verily, the light will arile, and we Iball be quite happy in fitting quietly under our own Vines and Fig-Trees, in having outlives arid property protested, while others willbe called out to the field of slaughter, and obliged to fight with the savages, in defence of our lands and poflejfions. This will be true Quakerism, and if not quite agreeable to the written w?rd, yet altogether consonant to.the dictates of that Monitor within our bosoms, which warneth us to take care of ourselves, and to avoid all concern with ungodly quarrels and diffentions. I know the carnal man objetleth to our peaceable Spirit, and maintained the tjoftrine of war and felf-defence, so contrary to our interest and personal fafety. Hence it is, that we are often told, that being a part of thacommunity, and receiving the advan tages of defence and protection, we are bound to bear our propor tion ot the~public burdens ; and that we ought not to be indulged with an exemption from these services, because a too great extension »t our principles might endanger the very cxiftence of government. Thusitfadly gricveth us to find, there is no living upon earth ] without wars and fightings. To mc, Aminadab, it fecmeth strange, that men (bould make ufc of scripture arguments in defence of military tlUblifhments ; for they tell us, that Wars have been, and will be, in all ages, to the end of time ; that the great Mekhizedek met. Abraham, the father of the faithful, when he returned from the llaughier of the Kings, and blessed him, which he would not have done, had he been enga ged in an unlawful aflion ; that the proleffion of a soldier, or mi litia-man is no where forbidden, or condemned in scripture When the Baptist was interrogated by the soldiers, as to their conduct, he said unto them, " do violrnceto no man, neither ac cufc any falfcly, and be content with your wages." In which re ply, we do not find that in order to prepare themselves for the re ception of the kingdom of God, it was required ol soldiers to r?- linquifh their profeflion, but only that they should beware of the vices, of which that prolcflion was accused. The precept which follows, be contew with your wages," supposes them to con tinuc in their fituatiot. How great was the encomium pronounced by the favio'ur of mankind on the Roman Centurion, or Captain, " 1 have not found so great faith, no not inXfrael." The hrft Gentile Convert who was received into the ChAftian Church, and to whom the Gospel vasimpaited, by the immediate and especial direction of Heaven, held the fame station.; and in the history of this tranfa&icn, we discover not the fmallefl intimation, that Cornelius, upon becoming a Christian, quitted' the service of the Roman Legion ; that Ins pro feflion was objected to, or his continuance in it conndered, as in any wife, inconliftent wvith his new character. It is allealferted by these carnal reafouers, that fcj-dcf'ncc, ool.\ in individuals and society, is juftifUble. Thus when our life is afTaulted, it becomes neceltary for our preservation, to kill the as sailant. This is evident in a state of nature, unlefc it can be Ihewn that we are bound to prefer the aggressor's life to our own ; that is to fay, to love our enemy better than ourselves, which can nevci be a debt of justice; nor any where appears to be a duty of chari ty. This mode of reasoning is applied to nations, who are there fore led to oppose the violence of each other. Thus, friend Aminadab, have I suggested to thee, some ol the objections to our received opinions, to the end that thou mayeft be enabled to answer them, with the meekness of wisdom, and mew the reafonablcnefs of exempting the Quakers from bearing arms, because they live in an expe&ation ol a kingdom of peace, where in; dwelleth righteousness. 1 will allure thee, good friend, that these fubjefts have lately mightily agitated my fpints, so that one day, being in a profound meditation thereon, I fell into a il.ep by | the fire fide, fitting in my elbow-chair : During the Ihort time of my repose, methought I saw before mine eyes a wide extended plain, on which were gathered together an innumerable multitude of people ; and in the middle of this plain, I beheld a huge moun tain, on which a great number of these people were endeavoring to ascend. While I considered theft tnings, behold a venerable man flood by me, clothed in white raiment, whole affable, 3 S able countenance encouraged me to enquire the meaning of the fight I was then contemplating. He informed me, that the huge mountain wascalled MOUNT-EXEMPTION, and that the per sons ascending the fame, were the profejfors of various religion ° c ~ nominations. Obfervingto my good genius, that these sectaries were so numerous as to cover the mountain, he said, that it could i6t be wondered at, since by getting a place on the mountain, :hey were exempted from the fatigues and dangers of war,to which the poor folks beneath were exposed : He then gave me the follow ig particulars, descriptive of those clcft favorites, viz. Of the tribe of Quakers were exempted, Of the tribe of Methodists were exempted, Of the tribe of Menonifts were exempted, Of the tribe of Moravians were exempted, Of the tribe of Dunkards were exempted, I then looked again, and behold ! the Methodists were harmo niously chaunting their Hymns of triumph,for the advantages they had received over the multitudes on the plain beneath, and their song was, 0, be joyful! While the Menonifts andDunkards {kipped like beaided Ram\ y and the Moravians like young (hcep, around the mountain; but the Quakers, fearing that profane iinging might hurt their tender consciences, teftified their approbation, with inch a strange dissonance of founds, that the noise thereot awaked n/e out of sleep, and lo ! it was a dream. JOSEPH. Elktonjthe "jth day of thcf rfl month, 1791 To the EDITOR of the GAZETTE of the UNITED STATES. Sir, SINCE the arrival of Congress in this city, there has been a constant and general complaint of the scarcity of hackney coaches, and of the exhorbitant price demanded for their fare. In London, the hackney-coaches (to prevent their beir.g too nu merous) arc limited to 1000, and this number is always compleat. The fare is also limited, to prevent imposition; four persons tak ing a coach for one hour, or one mile, pay one Jkilling, or three pence ftcrliiig each, and no more, »l<hough the proprietors pay a se vere tax to government for their licences. Perhaps a statement similar to the following, may induce some citizen to make his own fortune, and benefit the )üblic. Dollars. " ' ' *5° 150 '.5° 00 <>o A good hackney-coach may cost A pair of horses, Keeping per year, Coachman, Wear of Horses harness, &c. The Coaches in this city earn at present from 5 to 10 dollars per day : Take the smallest sum— 5 dollars per day, is 1825 pr. annum. 10 Coaches would bring in, at 1825 each, 18250 drs. per year. Deduct for stock, intereft,and whole ann. ex. 7420 Thus may be gained in one year, 10830 drs. by any individual who may have the spirit, with the property or credit, to procure 7 or 8000 dollars on interest, for one year. N. B. From 15 to 30 Coaches, it is supposed, would find im mediate employ. A TRAVELLER. Philadelphia, Jan. 12. A principal cause of the low state of Agriculture is the want of capital to make improvements : Tne plan of the National Bank, holds up the profpea of relief : Such a great capital thrown into circulation, will diffufe new health to quicken the industry of the country : Many millions of new property will be set in motion, and a new celerity given to the old stock. The farmers may now look forward to a more improved state, and of course to an higher degree of prosperity : With the means, it is to be hoped,the spirit of improvement will be diffuled. The trade, manufactures, and husbandry of a country, will re main far behind the mod prosperous state to which they may be carried, until Banks and inland Canals are formed : They afford a surprising aid : They seem to aflift industry, and to bear relation to the vfhole society, as machines do to particular arts : Our im proving country will soon be equal to any attempts of this nature. The Hon. Jeremiah Wadsworth, Esq. is re-elecfted member of the House of Representa tives of the United States, for the State of Con necticut, vice Pierpont Edwards, Esq. resigned. The New-York Daily Advertiser of Monday, mentions that 150 dollars were received by Dr. Moore—l 50 by Dr. Livingston, and 50 by Rev. Mr. Jessop, from persons unknown, for the use of the poor. The Representatives in Congress for the state of North-Carolina are to be chosen the last Tliurfday and Friday of this month. The intereftilig view of the " Jlate of the En glish nation" in the firft page of this paper, is publilhed with a view of inducing some of our ingenious readers, or correspondents. to furnifii a statement of the a<ftnal situation of this coun try ; it is prefunied that a tolerably accurate ac count of the United States on a similar scale, would exhibit a moil pleasing perfpeiftive of the American republic. 703 700 Dollars. Net am mint of duties on Goods, Wares and Mer chandise imported into the United States from 'he lit day of August, to the 30th of Sept. 1790. Dot's. CtK 2,980 76 52,697 3'o| 11,112 78 86,215 36 1,200 32 New ■ Hamp(hire, Majfac'hufetts, Comiefticut, New-York, New- Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, South-Carolina, - Georgia, 415,159 171- Net amount of duties on Goods, Wares and Mer chandise imported ilito the United Stateifrom the ill day of Ocflober, 1789,10 the 30th of September, 1790. Doll. Cti. New-Hamp/hire 14,550 19^ Matfachufetts, 320,430 9§i Rhods-JJland, 17,67? 20* C Conne£iicut, 64,336 20' Neiu-York, New-Jersey, Penttfylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North-Carolina, South-Carolina, 40,000 40,000 Georgia, 10,000 5 , 000 5, 000 The following companion will fliew, that what are called Charity Schools, are hostile to the in terests of education and the poor. 100, COO In the city of New-York, which contains about 30000 inhabitants, there are 3 Charity Schools : In which, according to a ftatemerit published in. the New-York Magazine for December 179 0 / °" s hundred and eighty-fix children are inftru&ed in reading, writing and arithmetic. In the town of Boston, which contains about 18000 inhabitants, there is not one Charity School —but in the Public Schools of that place, support ed by a tax, near fifteen hundred children are taught the above branches—and in one of the Schools, Greek and Latin In New-York there is probably one third more children than in Boston : The number therefore of those, who are unprovided for in the former, is greatly disproportionate. Of the fifteen hun dred who are educated in the public fchoolsin the latter, more than a tlioufand would |be deprived of all opportunity of acquiring learning without this public provision, agreeable to the experience of New-York, with those Charity-Schools. This makes good the old faying, that " Chart TY covereth many omijfions." Learning ougjit to be free as air :—This can only be effected bylaws, which ihall throw the burthen of supporting schools on the whole com munity, that the provision may be made lo am ple, as to be within reach of the poorest member offociety—furely it is in the power of the free citizens of every capital in the United States, to "devise ways and means for the education of their children without depending on charity ; the foregoing example proves that it is. The legislature of the state of North-Carolina finished their session at Fayetteville, on the 15th ult. after having pafled fifty-feven laws. PRICE CURRENT. PUBLIC SECURITIES. FUNDED DEBT 6 pr. Cents 17/ pr. £ . 3 pr. Cents SJ6. —%/q. Defered 6 pr. Cents 8/6.-3/9. UNFUNDED DEBT Final Scttl.and other Certificates 15/. Indents 8/6. —8/9. State debts —8/9. AMERICAN CLOTHS. SUPERFINE and ELASTICS, CONGRESS BROWN, LONDON SMOKE, LEAD DRAB, BLUE and OTHER fafliionable Colours, Manufactured at Hartford, (State of Connecticut,) ju,l received; and are now offered for Sale, at the At which Store are also opening a large and general aflortment ol CLOTHS, Linens, Cambrics, Painted, sprigged, tambour ed book, and jaconet Muflms, Chintzes, Cottons and Calicoes, Silks, And many other Articles, too numerous to insert in an Adver tisement ; all of which are now felling by WholtJaU and Retail, on folow terms, as to make them an object to the purchasers. N. B. A few Barrels of MACKAREL, and Nova-Scotia HERRINGS. Philadelphia, Jan. ia, 1791. CHEAP STORE, No. 38, North Third Street, EUROPEAN and INDIA GOODS. ELEGANT Vest Patterns— adapted to the season, v Silk, Cotton, and Worsted Hose, Corduroys, Velveretts, and Royal Ribs, Best Buck, Beaver, and While Kidd Gloves, A Variety of STUFFS 99,349 86 3.363 77 25,163 57 89,003 9 37,060 57. 7,01 r 7S| 446,646 4,291 472,756 35 9>9 I 4 arj 206,750 27 2r 4,341 ?r 3 M,340 15* 102,438 62 15,237, 64} I>9°3>7°9 85 pr. cent. 43 J do -43i do 75 43l do -
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