XX TRACT FROM A TO EM WRITTEN IN BALTIMORE. HOW fwect is raufic lo the (ocial mind, That narrow, fordid notions cannot blind I What pleaffng agitations warm ihc foul That yields delighted to its kind control I It ev'rynobleft fentinjent infpircs ; And fans the purest fyinpathetic fires ; Arrefls the ruthless foi/1 in inad carcer, And makes th' aflai&n shed cowpaflion's tear : More wond'rous, true, than melting rocks away, It sos tens flinty hearts of human clay 1 more melodious voice tor love supplies ; And breathes his willies in the fofteik sighs. Music can give a tongue to silent time ; Can swell his meafurM circles forth fublimc ; When varied found? in near fucceflion flows, His progTefs to the mind apparent grows. While equidiftaut, thiongh another strain« The former notes return, and turn again ; Wide and more wide, some lcaiing tones In corresponding periods without end; Years following years, and day succeeding day, Seem, on a narrow scale, to fleet away. But time, though silent, ft.il! from motion camc To find existence, being, or a name, Coeval in their course; and so to run, N Till fathomlefs duration, all is done. Time's airy circles leave no trace behind, Till change apparent prints them on the mind : Yet, from the (weet viciilirudes of found, And tuneful cadcncea revolving round ; The current variations 'come confefs'd, And time's progreflion is to thought exprefs'd. FROM THE if ESTER X STAR, A Newspapir, publiflied at Stockbjidge y (Massachusetts) by Mr. THE BERKSHIRE SENTIMENTALIST. THE mutual prejudices, which have subsisted between- nations, societies and individuals, iurnifh matter for much lpecula fion to a fcntimental obfeivcr. Such prejudices have prevailed in different degrees and from a variety of causes ; but ahiftorical sur vey of mankind, from the earliest ages down to the prelent time { affords lufficient rcaton to believe, that their molt frequent cause is a rivallhip for some pre-eminence. Other circuinftanccs may add fuel to the fire, or fan it into a hotter flame : but a fpririt of inordinate emulation commonly kindles the firft fpaik. The jews and Samaritans had no intercourse, because they ref pe t £bvely claimed the honour of a place, where they believed the God of Heaven ought to beexclufively worfliippcd. The Athe nians and Spartans were competitors for fupcrior influence among the States of Greece. Hence frequent bickerings ensued. FJence a permanent hatred between the two cities grew to such rancour, that it at length broke out in the deftiu&ive Peloponnefian war ; and, : n its progress, alternately deluged both Athens and Sparta »n blood, the fame truth is exemplified in the hi (lory of the Commonwealths of Rome and Carthage. Nothing but a national ambition to gain the ascendency and rule the world gave birth to the three Punic wars. That paflion, could never be extinguished, but by the final fubjt&ion of one of the contending nations. The struggle was maintairied with the utraoft exertions on both fides, till Carthage funk beneath the weight of the roman arms, and was so completely annihilated, that her place has hardly been disco vered by travellers. Modern Europe likewise has verified this observation in innu merable instances. The King of Pruflia and the Arch Duke of Aufliia are the most confidtrable powers in the Germanic Body. They have for many years been the only potent candidates for an Imperial eleflion. This accounts for that cordial hatred between thsm, which by the wars it has occafioncd, has sacked their most populous cities, ravaged their fineft provinces, and repeatedly fer lilifed the plains of Silesia with Pruflian and Austrian blood. A competition for the gJory of holding the balance of power in Eu rope h>s for ages embittered the English and French towards cach other. As soon as their children learn to lisp, they are taught to call their neighbors, on the other fide of the channel, their enemies. Thus they grow up in the habitual belief that their enmity is natural. The coufequence is baneful to their hap pineis. For, without dispute, this deadly antipathy has been the fccret motive of most, if not all, of theirj many bloody wars. I grant that their intereftshave fometimcs clashed, and consequently been productive of animosities. But, where national intcreft has slain its thoulands, national pride hasflain its tens of thonfands. If we leave ancient times and foreign nations, and come home to our age and country, we (hall find the fame principle operating in the United States, The great division into Northern and South ern Fa&ions in our general government, is perhaps occasioned less by any real difference in their interests, or any incompatibility of claims, than by a fecrc,t ilrugglq soy pre-eminence. Perhaps thii matter may be more clearly understood, if we at tend to smaller portions of community, where the whole may be more easily viewed at once. Turn then to particular states. Ex amine single towns ; and consider what are the sources of their diflentioos. They who live in the extremes often envy their more fortunate townsmen, whefe situation is nearer the centre. The inhabitants of ■ hill, perhaps and those of a neighboring plain arc formed inta diftintt parties and regularly trained opto opposition. The members of one school didrift or one religious foeiety are hostile to those of another. Such are the diftin&ions, which ex cite a rivalfhip in almost every town, and year after year diftuib the harmony of the inhabitants. An interference of rights or conveniences undoubtedly aggravates these prejudices, which arc fiift generated by pride and emulation. A similar opposition, for the fame reasons, divides a State, be tween the sea coast and country ; or as they are denominated, the commercial and agricultural interests. Indeed this oppofi ii/>n between those who live on the sea-coast, and those who are scattered over the interior parts, is «otconfined to the limits of any one S'ate in particular. It runs through the Union, from Maine tOsGc©rgia ; though it is most visible in the Southern States; because there the coast is chiefly inhabited by the posterity of the firft Englilh adventurers ; whereas the back countries are princi pally peopled by recent emigrations from the north. This last circumstance confirms my afleuioii, that it i» pride rather than in terest, which forms thcdivifion. We may also fee the fame ope ration in parts of the Union, v. here more particular and adventi tious circumstances ponfpire to produce a temporary efFe£l. The Wtftern counties of Mattachufctts were originally planted by per haps nearly an equal number of settlers from the old counties of the Province, and from Conne&icut. And I appeal to those, whose memories can Teach back to the distance of thirty or forty yean, to fav if those twoclafles of settlers were not in many towns cnliftea under the banners of two rival parties. It is true, this cause of contention is wearing away, and these parties begin to be swallowed up in other diftin&ions. Yet such a fpi'rit itill con tinues to operate with all it* force, between the primitive Dutch and the New-England emigrants in the Nohhcrn and Wcftern •otintics of New-York. Xo whatfource, but a kind of rivalfliip, can we trace the preju dices which every obfervinj; traveller knows are entertained by Jic «irucoi of one state agjinft their ueighbors la another ? A MUSIC, L. Andrews, No. 1. differertee in cjuoation, customs and of granted, may create a diverf.ty of op.n.om, and <evate on« o fbc human race, in the feale of importance, above t« reff. 1 M it is the boast of NeW-England, that her )ei J . r lightened, as well as more virtuous, than the commo y y other ftatt or nation. Probably itna opinion Here then For the fame remark is mad* by llrangers is a reason, tho not a jultitiable one, for that P re j ' , the people of these (lite, view the fob, eft. ot . every o.her , par o. the world. Yet why do the c.tizen.of one Sew-Engand llate 1° partially prefer their own manners, laws, charaaer, aiP and fa blindly condemn tnofe ot another a,.c, p where they differ ; while an ...different judge perhaps wouMelti mate them, tho not all alike, yet nearly equal ,0 point of m«« Why, I ask, but from a fpirrt of r.vallhip? IV hat, but tuch a spirit, could produce io much bitterness, as has often prevailed a mong'different denominations o! ch, .ilians? From the fame e.ufe the fcvcral profeflions are paflial to themfelvcs, and P re againfl each other. Every man of observation mull acknowledge there is a general proleffional emulation; at the lame fme the individualsof aay one profeffion, being more immed.ate compe titors for the fame objcfcts,a ? e coi»fequemly aSuaud in a much higher degree, by an individual rivallhip. _ Rival candidates for the fame office, or rival lover# of the fame fair one, mav thake hands when they meet, and protels a mutual esteem; but felfilh. nature impels them, tho agalnft their realun, and perhaps even contrary to their wtllres, .to indulge a facret pre judice at heart. Too often their feelings are so impatient ot con trol, as to spur them on to open refentmer.t,- if not to perlonal abuse. , Examples of rivallhip are endless. Those, which are here ad • duced, are, I trust, fufficient both to illustrate and prove the sen timents asserted iu this essay. It is easy to discern how r.valfhip thus prejudices the human mind ; since felf is the idol, before which we all, more or less, fall down and worship, and we natur ally aflociate the idea of felt with that of our property, families, friends, profeffion, society or nation. To point out the means, by which the mifchitvous effe£l« ot prejudice may be prevented, would be a more arduous, but a more ufeful undertaking. FROM THE IVILkILX'GIUN GAZETTE, Publilhed at Wilmington, by Frederick Craig and Co, THOUGHTS on the fubjeA of Ships foundering at Sea, with directions how to prevent that fa tal disaster in many cases. IN reading Dr Franklins's letter* I found he had treated very i ngenioully on this fubjeft, but I think he did not give asfull directions as perhaps he would have done, had he been pait cu'ar iy treating of that fubjeft alone ; and as many never fee said letters who may perhaps happen on a newfpapcr that (may contain this, therefore I have thought it not amiss to add some thoughts of my own to those of Franklin, and offer them to the public. Let us fiilt consider the principle on which the ship floats on the waier, which is simply this, that air is lighter than water; thus il you fill any velTel such as a calk full of air and make it tight, it will float on the top of the watei, and carry with it a weight exaflly equal to the difference of the weight of air in the calk, and the fame calk full of water, deduiling for the weight of the calk itfelf. Thus a a ship will carry jufl as much weight as the difference between the weight of the air contained in f«iid (hip below the furface of the water, and the weight of so much water, deducing the weight of the ship and ballast. A captain underflanding well this princi ple, and perceiving his (hip at sea to spring a leak, in a desperate manner so as to gain fall oh his pumps, fliould, in the hrft place, flart all his calks full of any liquid, he can get at in the lower tiers, and fad as they empty, or the water encrcafes so that they will empty no more, pligh them tight again, and throw overboard only such things as willot thcmfclvca fink, carefully retaining eve ry thing that will float on the water, (or they may 3t lafl save the ship. If the cafe flill fectns desperate, empty every ca(k that can be made light, and put them in the hold and contrive to force them under water, and keep them there by props from the deck, this will flill leflen the prefTurc, and the water will come in flower as it rises higher in tire hold, and covers more of liie empty calks. Every wooden thing that can any' way be spared, mull be put in the hold and forced under water by props not bv weight, for this would destroy the effect, and even in eafeof great extremity, cut down the mads asdeutthem small, with everything above, and force them in the hold, cabin and scuttles, or any where so that they can be kept under water. The fait provisions, water, &c. that will be neceffaryto be kept for use, should be firfl of all brought upon deck, and lad of all be put into the hold or any where else, so that tky will be immersed in the water and can be got at for use, lam of the opinion that few Ihips that put to fca would fink, after every thing being done" as above direfled, al though half her bottom was beat out. Would it not be well done if some able hand were to collect all the bclk ohfervations oti this fubjeft ; and directions how to proceed in desperate cases, and those directions printed and polled up in fcvcral places in every ship that puts to ica, that every man on board may know how to proceed ; this would prevent that consternation and confufion which takes place m thtfe cases for want of knowledge. Let not the manner aefpair in such cases, at feeing the water gain very faff on hispumpv; but colder as the vessel fills the preflure lefrenr, and the water comcs in flower, and the pumps will discharge it "luch filler as it will not be so far to boifl as at This ■ s certainly a-lubjeft worthy the attention of the wife and great, if we consider how much property and many lives are 101 l for want of such knowledge. If these hints should be the means of ttirnng a more *ble hand to take up the rubied, and to tile savin* ot any, it will reward the writer. ° New-Callle county, OQober 16. FOREIGN ABSTRACT. PORTSMOUTH, (N. II.) Oftobcr 33. "pUropean accounts; received by the Charlotte, (in addition to what we have pui,l.(hed): lUte» That the assassin of Count Floi ida Blanca, .was publicly .executed at Madrid, an the 18th of Augutt. by having h.s,,ght hand cut off, and thrnhanged : The Count made the flrongeft fol.citati<Sn» lt o the King to pardon him, but without effefl. :--n.at private letters from Paris .iaform, that the King would not accept of the reflation of M. Ncckar, who went down to St. Claud on purpose to deliver up his authority. m'r il"' aPu ° n Sunday n 'g h, .'('he S th Sept.) and pro ofedl his Majesty, that at any rate he (hould p.efcnt to .he Nati onal Affembl}, a plan for the liquidation of .he national debt, without forcingon the public ».( hundred m.Hkns fieri,,, of circu iting paper, which. the ftock-jobbiug party in the alTembly were anxious to have iffued.-lhat M. d'Orleans, if he was ever atach t h , as i attl y is now a warm advocate tn rim 'b"' ° rts wllI » in ,uturf . be fretted Mrn lttte , r ,kt command of the National y J >r n" a ' lt mUCh *'""«> that it i, become nearly ,mpr>flible to dift.ngu.fh on winch f.de truth a „d ,„ftice hi' E ° nat,on ° f the Em P=' or i» fixed for the 4 th Octo ber, M Frankfort, bein 3 .he fame day on which, in the year 1743 the Emperor Francis was crowned. (This ccremony is cxpefted There C "'M I" P ITi P • P^ndo " r Dn y thin S°f 'be like kind There will W dilplayed in parade 800 quintals of filvcr plate, the golden ferviceof 36 crowns, the famous chrvflal cup which coast near 30,000 flonns, with its foot, formed of a precfou, .«te and the large diamond, which,fcrvej as a button to the hat, wtii'hin, 60 carats, which was prefervedm thc lrcifury of Florence. They arc also coining la the mint otV.enna, «•,«» ducwia gomme 642 toCM.cm of tbt r«r*«*i:or.. •<<*» large gold xielal., 6000 fma« ones rt>oo large lilver medals. 12, 0000 l a middling {vie, and, 5000 fmahones, all to be diftri'puted at Frankfort.) That the Emprels of Rufiia, exdfperatcd agaiuft the F.Hgliih, has concladcd .1 hally alliance with Sweden ; m n 'd<r r as it is taid, to hurt tjie former byaidin.' the Spaniaidk—That from' this pacification with her most troublesome enemya new league is talked ol to arils between Ruflia, and Spain and France, as a counterbalance to the tripartita allian-c between England, Prussia and Holland.—That the King of Sweden is offended that he was not more powerfully fupportcd be' the Briti IVI Court in his'critical fnoation at Wyburgh ; and it is the opinion of politicians, that the honest and brave Swede will unite with the Northern Heroine in defenfive alterations, &c.— BOSTON, No*. ■}. jfttftria and Turkey have fettled a peace—Prttfiu was the mediator. the head of 100,000 men.] The Emperor gives up to the Grand Seig nior Oczakow, and that grave of almost million;,, Belgrade, Bcc.—TheKiug of Prussia, receives from the Turks, ten millions of dollars for his inter ference ; but he is to assist Aujlria in bringing back to their allegiance to the Emperor, the re volted province of Brabant —on condition that its real grievances are redrefled. DOMESTIC ABSTRACT. It was objected to the Federal Conftitution,dur ing its rotation was pro vided in it. The people have, in the last month, lhewn the objection to be ill founded ; For such rotations as they have thought proper to make, have been made in the constitutional manner. In Pennsylvania, a new Constitution has been ef tabliflied—and the government uuder it organ ized. This constitution is said to be the " per fe&ion of excellence." Prefideric Mifflin is elected Governor, by an iinttienfe majority. The IVeftern Pofls, those barriers of the United States, areftill retained by the British ; and, we are told, have lately been ftrengtliencd by addi tional fortifications and troops. That at Niagara, in particular. The half-pay officers therein have been put on the full pay eftablifhmment; and there appears not the final left; profpe&, that Great-Bri tain will ever peaceably relinquilh those (lrong holds which nature, ajid treaties made "in tie name of the most holy and undivided Trinity havjs given to the United States. Our fertile country wanted nothing to complete its liappinefs but an energetic, general govern ment—that government, praised be heaven, is now eftabliflied : And the people feeling its beneficial effects, have exhibited their warm and unequivo cal attachment thereto, in their late election of decidedly independent federal men. May their attachment still continue to strengthen, and in the language of that celebrated historian, Doctor Ramsay " May the Almighty Ruler of the Uni verse, who hat raised Us to independence, and given us a place among the nations of the earth, make the American revolution an era in the htflory of the world remarkable for the progrejji'jc increase oj human hap pinef.Y." WORCESTER, November 4 On SatUfrday evening last, the noted Burroughs, who has been employed by the people of Charl ton, as a fcboolmafter, nearly all the time lince he was released from the castle, was committed to the goal in this town, for attempting a rape on several of his fcholars.—ls it not time for pa rents, and others, who have so important a charge committed to them sfs the education qf children, to be more careful who they employ as teacheis? —Can it any longer be thought a matter of tri fling concern, that the education of those who are soon to take the lead, both in church and Hate, and qii whom the future; welfare of our country eflentially depends, should be entrust ed to persons of openly abandoned characters ? NEW-YORK, November 12 Between the ioth instant, and the ioth of De cember an exchange of the Beacons, boats &c. lla tioned on the flioals in the bay of Delaware, is to take place. The order is to be as follows : The lit exchanged will be the beacon of the cross ledge, in place of which will be laid a buoy with a liaff and small black Hag. The next will be the bea con of the Brandy wine, in place of which will be laid a buoy and small white flag. The beacon rtf the brown, being the firft leading mark of the bay, will remain till the tenth of December, un less a severe season should c®mpel a speedier re moval—when removed a plain buoy will be an chored in its place. The large buoys on the mid dle, and fourteen feet bank are already exchang ed and fnialler ones put in their stead. That on the middle is furnifhed with a ftaff" andcrofs. AN EXTRACT. . The inventions of language, of arms, of wri t'ng, _ printing, and engraving, have been the principal means of extending the influence of man, and ot his acquiring the dominion of the earth. By thefeadts men transmit the improve ments, the in ventions, and acquisitions ot one age to another. By these arts the dispositions of men are fofrened, their manners become more and more civilized, humanity is gradually ex tended and refined, and the grofler animosities yield to external politencfj and decorum, atlcalt
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