c DISCOURSES ON DAVILA. My foul aches, To know, w:un two authorities arc up, Neither supreme, how foou coutufion May cuter 'iwixt the gap of both, and take The one by the othct. Shakespzar. WHtN the King is of age, and allilts at the States General, the deputies had the pow er to consent to his demands ; to propose what they judge neceflary tof the good ot the differ ent orders of the Hate ; to make their fubmiflions in the name of the people to new impolts ; to establish ana accept of new laws, and new regu lations ; but when the minority of the Prince, or fjme other incapacity hinders him to govern by himfelf, the states have a right in cafe of con testation, to eledt the regent of the kingdom, to nominate to the principal offices, to forma coun cil, and, if the mafciiline pollerity have failed in the royal family, they may eleift a new Monarch, following however, the dispositions of thefalique law. Excepting these cases of necefiity, the Kings were accuitonved to allemble the States Ge neral, in urgent conjunctures, and to determine, according to their advice, in affairs of molt im portance. " In effect ?" fays Davila, " what energy may not the resolutions ot the Prince de rive, from the concurrence of his fubjeifts ! What can be more conformable to the true spirit ot monarchical government, than this harmony be tween the sovereign and the people ?" In truth, Davila, tho thou art a profound Historian, thou art but a fupcrticial Legislator. Hiitory answers the queltion, that no energy at all, nor any thing but divilion, diftradtion anil extravagance were derived to the resolutions of the Prince, till the Itates were laid aside. In the language of my motto, two authorities were up, neither supreme, and confufion entered 'twixt the gap. Nothing can be more direiitiy repugnant to monarchical government than such aflemblies, because they set up rivals to the King, and excite doubts and tjueftions, in whom the sovereignty resides. If a negative is given by them,to the will of the Prince, they become a part ofthe sovereignty, annihilate the Monarchy and convert it into a Republic. If they are mere councils of advice, they become scenes of cabal, for aspiring grandees to force themselves into the niinittry.—Never indeed was it more neceflary to new model the government, and regeHerate the nation, than in the present conjuncture, when the rivalries of the grandees, and the differences in religion, dilturbed the •whole kingdom, and demanded the prompted re medies. Upon the reiterated orders of the court, the deputies of the Provinces, had resorted to Or leans, from the beginning of October 1560, and the Kin£ having arrived in person, accompanied by the molt of the Lords and great officers of the crown, they waited only for the discontented Lords and Princes, to open the Aflembly. The Conltable and his sons, were, as usual, at Chan tilly. The King of Navarre and the Prince of Conde, were fti'l at Beam. The King had writ ten to them all, to invite them to the States ; and akho they had not explicitly refufed, they in vented pretexts upon pretexts, to excuse them selves, and gain time. These affected delays dif trefled the King and the ministry. They appre hended, with reafbn.that the refufal of the Princes of the blood, arising from their own suspicions, or upon foine,certain information of what was in tended against them, would defeat all the pro jects and preparations, founded only on the hope that they would affilt at the States General. The Prince of Conde, could not be in doubt that they had drawn, either from theprifonersof Amboife, or from La Sagne, or from the conspirators ai rest ed at Lyons, evidence fufficient to dil'cover his deligns. No motive, therefore, could determine liiin to place himfelf a second time, at the dilcre tion of a court where his enemies were all pow erful. The King of Navarre thought differently. Less culpable, or more credulous than his bro ther, lie believed, that by going to the States, they ffiould obtain, without difficulty, that re form in the government, which had already cost them so much labor ; whereas, by refuting to be present, they would betray their own interests, and leave the field open to the ambition and vio lence of the Princes of Lorrain. He could not believe, that under the eyes of the whole nation afiembled, a King scarcely out of his infancy, an Italian Princess, and two Itrangers, would dare to imbrue their hands in the blood of the Princes of the royal house, which the Monarchs the molt absolute anil the molt vindictive, had ever re garded as sacred. All these motives determined him to venture to the States, with the Prince, to whom he represented, that they would infallibly condemn him unheard, if he continued obstinate ly to ablent himfelf from court : whereas, by ap pearing there, and gaining to his interests the deputies in the Stares, there was every reason to liop^,"that if, on judging him with rigor, they ffiould blame his proceedings, the equity of his pretentions, would afford him a favourable co lour, and ill the la(t extremity, his birth would obtain him a pardon. All the confidants and No. XXI, partizans of tlie Princes, supported tins ail vice, except the wife and mother-in-law or the i mice of Conde, who constantly rejected ic, and judged that hialife was aimed at, and that of all the courses he coulil take,that which was recommend ed to him was the most dangerous. (To he continued. ) NEW-YORK, OCTOBER 2 Latest European Intelligence. PAPERS by the Packet mention a recent en gagement on the 9th and 10th of July be tween the Ruffian and Swediffi fleets, which was maintained with much firmnefs and obstinacy on both fides—The action commenced about half pall 9in the morning of the 9th, and continued without intermission till midnight—at two the next morning the Swedes renewed the attack,and continued the engagement till nine ; by which time the Ruffians were entirely defeated. The Swedes loft two gunboats, blown up, and a large vellel funk by abonjtb, the crewfaved. The King commanded in person, and took,run afliore or destroyed, forty-two Ruffian frigates and gallies. Most of the gallies had guns from 12 to 30 pounders, and the greatest part carrying 30 each, of different calibres One hundred and ten offi cers, and 2000 men, are made prisoners ; amongst which are the Ruffian Brigadier Denifow, and the Prince of Nadhu's flag captain. Trophies, &c. are bringing in every moment. " Yesterday about half part one o'clock the following letter was received by the Lord Mayor, and immediately sent by his Lordship to Lloyd's Cotfee-Houfe, and the Bank. " My Lord, " I have the honor to inform your Lordship, that a MelTenger is arrived from his Majelty's AmbaUador Extraordinary at Madrid, with the account that, in compliance with his Majelty's demand of fatisfa<ftion for the capture of the Bri tilli vellelsat Nootka, a declaration was (igned 011 the 24U11 of July, by Count Florida Blanca in the name of his Catholic Majesty ; and that the fame was accepted in his Majelty's name, by his Majes ty's Ambafl'.idor, who was thereupon to proceed to the dii'cullion of the matters depending be tween the two courts, with a view to a Defenlivc Arrangement. " The declarations above referred to, will be immediately published in aGazette Extraordinary, which will be forwarded to your Lordfliip as soon as it is printed. " I am, my Lord, " Your Lordlhip's molt obedient " And molt humble Servant, " W. W. GRENVILLE " The RiglitHon. Lord Mayor of London." On this the bustle at the Stock Exchange be came undefcribable—the number of long and lliort faces mixed, exhibited a scene which our readers may ealier conceive than we candefcribe —The Consols mounted to 80 1 half, and the other funds in proportion. FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE EXTRAORDINARY lVhitehi.lt Augujl 5 This morning one of his Majesty's meflengers arrived from Madrid, at the office of his Grace the Duke of Leeds, his Majesty's principal Secre tary of state for Foreign Affairs, wiih dispatches from the Right Hon. Alleyne Fitz Herbert, his Majesty's Auiballador extraordinary and plenipo tentiary at that court, containing an account of the following Declaration and Counter-Declara tion having been llgned and exchanged, on the 24th of July last, by his Excellency Count Florida Blanca, nis Catholic Majesty's Minister and prin cipal Secretary of state, on the part of the Catho lic King. DECLARATION. His Britannic Majesty having complained of the capture of certain veflels belonging to his fubjeifts in the port of Nootka, situated on the north-weft coast of America, by an officer in the service ofthe King ! The underligned Counsellor and Principal Secretary of state to his Majesty, being thereto duly authorized, declares in the name and by the order of his said Majesty that he is willing to give (atisfacftion to his Britannick Majesty for the injury of which he has complain ed ; fully persuaded that his said Britannick Majesty, would ad; in the fame manner towards the King, under similar circumstances ; and his Majesty further engages to make full Restitution of all the British veflels which were captured at Nootka, and to indemnify the parties interested in those veflels, for the lodes which they ffiall have f'uftained, as soon as theamountthereof shall have been ascertained : It being understood that this declaration is not to preclude or prejudice the ulterior discussion of any right which his Majesty may claim, to form an exclusive eftablilhment at the port of Nootka. 11l witnels whereof I have signed this declara tion, and sealed it with ihe seal of my arms. At Madrid, the 24th of July, 1790. (L.S.) Signed Le Covite de Florida Blanca. 614 " Whitehall, August 6. COUNTER DECLARATION. His Catholic Majesty having declared, that he was willing to give fatisfa&ion for the injury done to the King, by the captu re of pertain vef- Jels belonging to his fubjedts, in the Bay of Noot ka, and the Count de Florida Blaiita having sign ed, in the name and by order of his Catholic Majesty, a declaration to this effect ; and by which his laid Majelty likewile engages to make full reftitiuion of the veiiels so capcured, and to in demnify the parties interefteU in those vefl'els for the lofles they lhall [have fu'tained ; the under (igned Ambaflador extraordinary and Plenipo tentiary of his Majesty to the Catholic King, be-> ing thereto duly and exprelsly auihorifed, ac cepts the said declaration, in the name of the King; and declares that his Majesty will confidei this declaration, together with the performance of the engagements contained therein, as a full and entire iatisfa&ion for the injury of which his Majelly has complained. The under-signed declares, at the fame time, that it is to be underltood, that neither the said declaration iigned by Count Florida Blanca, nor the acceptance thereof by the under-signed, in the name of the King, is to preclude or prejudice in any refpecft, the right which his Majesty may claim to any eftabliftiment which his fubjec'is may have formed, or should be defirousof form ing in future, at the said Bay of Nootka. hi witness whereof I have signed this Counter declaration, and sealed it with the Teal of my arms, At Madrid, the 24th of July, I 790, (L.S.) Signed John Bull grumbles hideously—abuses the Mi nistry, and swears that the Spanish" fatisjadion is no fatisfaflion at all." Oilier information corroborative of the above has been received in town from Madeira ; with the addition of the following particulars : That all warlike preparations are to cease for three months ; and that before the expiration of that time, winter will effectually suspend every naval operation. Our readers will bbfervethat the concclfion made by Spain, is only for the veflels taken in Nootka Sound. The right of the English to trade on the North-weft coalt of North America, is to be the fubjccl of future litigation. At present the conduct of Spain does not appear very humi liating—for lhe has paid only for what (he has taken.—But the Briti/h nation must be greatly disappointed when they find that Spain is not to pay the expenses of the Briti/h armament :—And that the demand for the vessels taken, was only 200,0001. llerling :—Whereas the exrraordinary expenses of fitting the Engli/h navy for sea, amount to near two millions. This, as Teague fays in the play, " is gaining a 10/s." ( Columbian Centiml.) DUBLIN, July 30. Sunday moringat nine o'clock, the goldfiniths and independent corps of Dublift volunteers pa raded at Thollel, to the number of nearly three hundred. All the officers and privates on this occasion mounted the national cockade, composed of tin, painted green, and cut into the form of a ribbon, and puffed round a medallion, on which is paint ed, in gold, the harp and imperial crown, armo rial insignia of Ireland—and out of the cockade fpings a label, which mounts above it in the form of an inverted crescent, inferibed in gold, with the word " National." LONDON, August 2. Their are great quantities of the stones of the. Baftile for sale about town. This (lone fells at so much the pound, and brings more than our belt prime beej. Lord Hardwicke is spoken of as successor to Lord Weftmoreland in the Viceroyfhip of Ireland fliould thelatter not choofeto remain there. The tumults in France, feeminmany places to be reviving. At Avigon, Orange, and the adja cent parts they are eticrealed to a point little Jhorc of open war. Nor is Lyons more quiet : all the barriers are thrown down, and all subordination deltroyed. Some pretend that the inhabitants have declared themselves independant, and have armed them selves in defence of their ancient rights. The large army that is aflembling on the bor ders of France by the King of Sardinia, gives great apprehension to the revolutionists. The Sardinian ambaflador being questioned on this fubjecft by a Parisian a few days llnce, answered very cooly, that as an ambaflador, he could fay nothing : but as a man, he thought that if the plague reigned in any country, it was right in its neigbours to prevent the contagion from be ing communicated. The Uniform of the National Guards of France is decreed hy the National Aflembly, and is to be bnperial blue, white lining, scarlet cuffs and fac ings, white collar, and white edgings, yellow but tons,with the words diftrili of —inlcribed oh them. On the flaps of the coats turned up, the word COll - on one fide, and Liberty on the other — Veils and Breechcs, white. Alleyne Fitz Herbert.
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